America moves West

Life of the plains Indians

Tribes consist of: Sioux, Cheyenne, Crow, and ArapahoNomadic and warlike culture. Reliant on riding horses and hunting buffaloUsed mostly bow and arrows

Sand Creek Massacre

1859 conflicts consist between gold miners and NativesChief Black Kettle lead a group to settle in the sand creek.

They were attacked and killed by the Colorado militia they were slaughtered as black kettle surrendered.The tribes were forced to give up the land afterward.

Result

The government chose two areas in present day Oklahoma to keep the Natives and set-up reservations

The land was hard to farm and the Natives were supervised by the military.

Battle of the Little Big Horn

A young Band of Sioux tribal leaders still refused to move into reservations.

Native leader Rain in the face teamed with medicine man Sitting Bull to continue rebellion against the Federal government.

George Custard tracked down the band. Full of pride Custard charged in with 250 soldiers to fight 2500 Native Americans.C ustard before his attack thought he had trapped the group.

Eventually the U.S. Army would track down and crush the band after Custards death.

Assimilation

On reservations Native children were sent to schools to learn to farm and fix machines. As well as teaching Christianity.

Banned tribal clothing and customs war paint as well as being forced to speak English. All in attempt to erase Native culture and make them ore white.

Dawes Severity Act

Divided tribal land into small plots for families, Natives would own the land but would become farmers. Any left over land would be sold to white framers. (Most of the better farming land was sold to farmers. To receive the Land Natives would have to choose to leave their tribe, it would also make the U.S. citizens if they accepted the deal for land. The law weakened as it broke up the tribes. Natives and lef them impoverished.

Plessy V. Ferguson

This is the court case that created segregation in the first place.

Daniel Plessy a light skinned African American sat in a white only section of a train. He was asked to move to the black only. He refused and kicked off the train.The question was could that train company separate black and white passengers.The supreme court stated that areas could be segregated if they were “Separate but Equal”

Jim Crow Laws

Existed after Plessey ruling a series of laws know of Jim Crow Laws were put in place to continue segregation.Laws like literacy test for African American’s to vote. Theses were also known as de facto segregation.Went from late 1867 to 1964.

African Americans that spoke outBooker T. Washington: Created the Tuskegee institute to teach African Americans about simple life skills. Created the African American Scientist George Washington Carver.

Web Dubious: Author and creator of the Niagara movement pushed for African Americans to protest for their rights.

Ida B. Wells

Wrote articles to enlighten the country about lynching laws in the south to try and end them.

Lynching was citizens in the south would impromptu hang African Americans for social wrongs.

NAACP

NAACP= National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

Created in part by W.E.B. Dubious the NAACP protest for African American rights, and fought court battles to end segregation.