all about kharkiv · all about kharkiv universytetska st., near the eternal fire photoalbums,...

All about KharkivUniversytetska St., near the Eternal Fire

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6 All about KharkivUniversytetska St., near the Eternal Fire

Photoalbums, GuidebooksCards, Souvenirs

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Map symbols

City development Undeveloped land plots

Industrial areas

Low-rise building neighbourhoods

Multi-storey building neighbourhoods

Buildings and their numbers

Cemeteries

Stadiums

Transport network

Natural sites

Underground stations

Railroads

Railway stations and platforms

Bridges

Roads

Main thoroughfares

Main streets

Other driveways

Wood and field roads

Cable railway

Woods, parks, gardens

Rivers, streams

Lakes, water storage ponds

Monuments

Fountains

The Old City

From Konstytutsii Square to Svobody Square

Around Svobody Square

From the Downtown Area to the Railway Station

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About Kharkiv

Kharkiv is one of the largest cit-ies of Ukraine and the centre of the Kharkiv Region. The city is 24km from the North to the South, and 25km from the East to the West. Kharkiv has over 2,500 avenues, streets, lanes and squares. The largest square of the city is Svobody (Liberty) Square. The longest street is Moskovsky (Moscow) Avenue which is over 20km long.

Kharkiv is situated in the North-Eastern part of Ukraine on the bor-der of two landscape zones — the forest-steppe and the steppe, at the site of the three rivers’ confluence: the Lopan, the Udy and the Kharkiv. The site of the city is a hilly plain — more than half of the total area of the city is situated on the plots of about 100m above the sea level. Kharkiv’s rivers and their tributaries are shal-low and not navigable.

The city is divided into 9 administra-tive districts (Dzerzhynsky, Zhovtnevy, Kievsky, Kominternivsky, Leninsky, Moskovsky, Ordzonikidzevsky, Frun-zensky, Chervonozavodsky). Various neighbourhoods, especially those in the suburbs, also preserved their his-toric unofficial names (for example,

Oleksiyivka, Pavlovo Pole, Pomerki, Sokolnyky, Saltivka, Zhuravlivka, Ivanivka, Honcharivka, Lysa Gora, Kholodna Gora, etc.).

The climate in Kharkiv is moderate continental. In winter, the weather is very changeable: frosts become thaws. An average temperature in January is -7 ºС, but it can also reach as low as -15 or even -30 ºС. The coldest months are January and February. The summer is hot, the warmest months are July and August. An average temperature of July is +21 ºС. Most of the precipita-tion fall in June and July, but still it’s a real pleasure to spend a summer in Kharkiv making the most of its won-derful parks, fountains and numerous summer cafés.

Kharkiv is a major industrial centre of Ukraine. Its industrial po-tential is formed by high-technology industries: power-plant engineering, electrical engineering industry, trans-port and farm machinery building,

The area of the city is 306,0km2

The population is 1,457,800 peopleThe city was founded in 1654

ºС = (ºF–32) : 1,8ºF = (ºC×1,8) + 32

Ukrainian time is 2 hours ahead of the Greenwich Mean Time. The day saving time or the summer time is from later March till early November (the time is switched on the last Sun-day of March and November)

Coat of Arms of the City of Kharkiv Flag of the City of Kharkiv

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instrument engineering, electronic engineering, aerospace engineer-ing. The products manufactured at Kharkiv enterprises, including such high technology products as modern tanks, aircrafts, turbines, are known on the world market.

Kharkiv is the second major scien tific and educational centre of Ukraine. An average annual number of university graduates is over 33,000 specialists, which provides for a high level of skillful labour resources in the city. It is here, in Kharkiv, that an atom was split for the first time in Europe; the nature of superconductivity stud-ied; the largest radio telescope created; the basics of the theory of vibrations in plasma and the theory of slow neu-trons dispersion in crystals developed. The research by L. Landau, N. Bara-bashov, A. Valter, A. Palladin are ac-knowledged throughout the world.

Kharkiv is a major traffic centre: the major railways and motorways run to the Donbass, Crimea, Caucasus, the ports of the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov and the Baltic Sea, as well as to major industrial centres abroad.

Kharkiv is rich in cultural tradi-tions. It is a city of 6 theatres: the Mykola Lysenko Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre, the Taras Shevchenko Ukrainian Academic Drama Theatre, The Alexander Pushkin Russian Aca-demic Drama Theatre, Theatre of Mu-sical Comedy, Theatre for Children and Youth, Puppet Theatre. Numerous other theatre companies, studios, ama-teur theatres also perform in the city. Kharkiv Philharmonic Society is one of the major organisers of concerts, which does a great job in promoting musical art. The circus, zoo and nu-merous museums enjoy great popular-ity with the citizens of the city.

Kharkiv is a city of sports: a variety of sports are enjoyed here and many sport-ing events are organised. Here you can make the most of the numerous sport complexes, schools, clubs, swimming-pools and stadiums, which offer wide op-portunities for participating in favourite sports. The pride of the Kharkovites is the Metallist Football Team and the Locomo-tive Volleyball Team. The names of the Kharkovites, who became the winners of the Olympic games, are well known all over the world: M. Gorokhovska, I. Rybak, Y. Vengerovsky, Y. Poyarkov, V. Matushevas, E. Kurylko, A. Barkalov,

The motorway M-03 (Kiev – Khar-kiv – Dolzhansky), M-26 (Khar kiv –Simferopol – Sevastopol), M-27 (Khar - kiv – Sherbakovka) pass through Khar- kiv



Both Ukrainian and Russian cul-tures are equally dear to Kharkovites. The mother tongue of the majority of the city population is both Russian and Ukrainian.

The modern Kharkiv is not only an exceptionally beautiful city, a major in-dustrial, scientific and cultural centre, but also a prime example of representa-tives of various nationalities living, co-operating and creating together. Having come here, you will always get a warm welcome, experience a city which will impress you with a variety of architectur-al styles, traditions and ideas, and finally, you will surely enjoy a good break here.

Honourary Awards by Council of Europe. As a cultural, scientific, educa-tional and industrial centre of Ukraine, Kharkiv has developed a wide network of international relationships. All the ef-forts undertaken by the city on the Eu-ropean arena were highly appreciated by the Council of Europe. Today Kharkiv is the only Ukrainian city which was granted all the four prestigious awards by the Council of Europe: the European Diploma (2003), the Flag of Honour (2004), the Plaque of Hunour (2008) and the Europe Prize (2010).

All four Honourary Awards by the Council of Europe, including the Europe Prize, essentially raise the international status of the City of Kharkiv opening wide perspectives for further develop-ment of international cooperation with foreign municipalities, international or-ganizations and foreign investments.

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I. Tselovalnikov, V. Mov chan, L. Dzhy-galova, R. Sharipov, Y. Klochkova and others.

Kharkiv is a multinational city: since the early days of the city, it has been inhabited by Ukrainians and Russians, Poles and Jewish, Germans and Armenians, Bulgarians and Tatars, Byelorussians and Greeks, Gypsies and Latvians, as well as representatives of other nationalities of Europe and Asia. Ethnic theatres, schools and musical groups perform in Kharkiv, scientific conferences and symposia related to the development of ethnic cultures are carried out. Kharkiv is a unique city in terms of its ethnic minorities: for the whole history of the city, not a single significant conflict between the citizens on ethnic, race or religious grounds has ever occurred. The citi-zens of Kharkiv always give the guests of the city a warm welcome, no mat-ter from which part of the world they arrive. Kharkovites reject any form of ethnic or religious intolerance.

The official language of the coun-try is Ukrainian, though the major-ity of Kharkiv population use both Ukrainian and Russian in their every day lives. It is explained by the his-torical background of the city: over three centuries ago, this land was settled by natives of Russia and the part of Ukraine which lies to West of the Dnieper River, generally known as Right-Bank Ukraine.

Days-offInstitutions, offices, enterprises,

banks and some shops are closed on:January 1 — New Year’s Day;

January 7 — Christmas Day; March 8 — International Women’s Day; May 1–2 — International Workers’ Day; May 9 — Victory Day; June 28 — Constitution Day; August 24 — Inde-pendence Day

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1654 Kharkiv was founded on a hill between the Lopan and Kharkiv Rivers

1655 The first document describing the city was made — “The list of citizens of Kharkiv by their names as of 1655”

1656 Under the Decree of Moscow Tsar Aleksey Mikhaylovich, Kharkiv became a separate province

1684 Citizens received a document which released them from pay-ing sales duty

1689 The construction of the Holy Shroud Cathedral was complet-ed. It is now the oldest stone building preserved in Kharkiv

1726 The Holy Shroud Monastery was founded. The same year, the College moved here from Belgorod. It was the first educa-tional establishment of that kind on the Left-Bank Ukraine

Pages of History

1742 The first topographical plan of Kharkiv was made

1765 The city became the centre of the Province of Sloboda Ukraine. E. Sherbinin was ap-pointed the first governor

1781 The Coat of Arms of the city was introduced

1787 Under the leadership of architect P. Yaroslavky, the city develop-ment plan was drafted. The City Council (or ‘Duma’ as it was called then) started to work

The history of Kharkiv, as that of any other city, is most clearly illustrated through major events. It is they, which marked certain periods of development, gave impulse to new areas of development, became turning points in the city’s history and made Kharkiv well-known in many countries of the world.

Kharkiv fortress. Mid-19th century The Holy Shroud Monastery. Late 19th century

Monument to E. Shcherbinin



Architecture

The first period had lasted since the foundation of the city until the mid 19th century when Kharkiv was the centre of province. Only a few monu-ments of architecture of that period have been preserved. They include the Holy Shroud Cathedral (8/10, Univer-sytetska St.), Provisional Warehouse (4, Maryanenko Lane), classical estates of the nobility (14, Chernyshevska St.; 13, Poltavsky Shlyakh St.; Dmitri-yevska St., 26, Karl Marx Street), as well as the former Governor’s Mansion (16, Universytetska St.) and Mayor E. Uryupin’s House (4, Rymarska St.).

The second period lasted for about a century. It was connected with the development of the rich in raw ma-terials Donetsk-Kryvy-Rig Region which is situated in a close proximity to Kharkiv. It caused a rapid growth of trade, industry and financial activi-ties. This was the time when the city became a major traffic centre. Most of the buildings located in the downtown area of Kharkiv were constructed dur-ing this period, thus creating the pres-ent outlook of the city.

This was the time when construc-tion as per the ‘model’ designs was

Classicism: E. Uryupin’s house (see p. 56)

The history of any city is reflected in its development plan. Overlapping, inter-weaving or even interchanging each other, the architectural features give each city its inimitable individuality. The architectural history of Kharkiv can be tentatively divided into several periods.

Classicism: Provision Warehouse (see p. 63) Classicism: mansion in 26, Karl Marx St. (see p. 96)

Eclecticism: St. Alexander Nevsky Church

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revoked, and the first buildings de-signed in the spirit of Eclecticism and combining traditions a variety of ar-chitectural concepts were built. They include the majority of churches built at that time, such as the Annunciation Cathedral (1, Karl Marx Sq.), St. Alex-ander Nevsky Church (46, Akademika Pavlova St.), St. Panteleimon Church (94, Klochkivska St.), the Catholic Church of the Dormition of the Most Holy Virgin Mary (4, Gogola St.), cho-ral synagogue (12, Pushkinska St.) and many others.

The villas were replaced by man-sions. Such houses can be seen in Rad-narkomivska St. and Darvina St. Many of them are designed in the style of Modern which was then in the fash-ion. The features of this style, however, were most widely applied in the de-signs of 4–5-storey buildings, residen-tial and commercial premises of which were rented (lodging houses). There are many buildings like that preserved

in Kharkiv. They are distinguished by the diverse and picturesque outlook. These are, for example, the houses in 19, Pushkinska St.; 26, 80, 88 and 108 Sumska St., 66, Chernyshevska St.; 3 Pushkinska St.; 19, Rymarska Str; 14, Marshala Bazhanova St. The buildings which are the examples of industrial construction of the late 16th century are also preserved in the city. They in-clude the factory in Engelsa Street, Gi-rard’s Factory in 10, Universytetska St., as well as the first crediting and finan-cial institutions: the former Merchant

Eclecticism: St. Panteleimon Church

Modern: building in 19, Pushkinska St. (see p. 63) Modern: building in 66, Chernyshevska St.

Modern: Girard’s Factory (see p. 28)

Modern: building in 26, Sumska St.



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Bank and Astoria Hotel in 10, Rosa Luxemburg Sq., and many others.

Competing with the Modern Style was Neoclassicism — a style in which the architectural legacy of Ancient Rome is inventively combined with the elements of the Russian Empire style. The prior examples of this style include many buildings designed by the famous Kharkiv architect A. Beketov, such as the main building of the Yaroslav the Wise Law Acad-emy of Ukraine (77, Pushkinska St.), Motor Transport College (28, Kon-

stytutsii Sq.), the Korolenko Kharkiv State Scientific Library (18, Koro-lenka St.), as well as many buildings designed by other architects.

Another popular style of that time is the so-called ‘brick’ style represent-ed by the building of the old Lombard (5, Universytetska St.), Fire Station No. 20 (50, Poltavsky Shlyakh St.), former Boys Grammar School No. 3 (7, Gogola St.), the Main Auditorium, Physical and Chemical buildings of the Technological Institute (21, Frun-ze St.).

‘Brick’ style: building of the old Lombard(Kharkiv Historical Museum) (see p. 40)

Neoclassicism: main building of the Yaroslav the Wise National Law Academy (see p. 65)

‘Brick’ style: main building of Technological Institute (see p. 75)

‘Brick’ style: building of boys grammar school No. 3 (see p. 58)

Neoclassicism: the Korolenko Kharkiv Scientific Library (see p. 60)

Neoclassicism: Motor Transport College (see p. 39)

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The third period includes seven decades after 1917 which were marked by the attempts to build a socialist society in the former Soviet Union, and finished with the collapse of the totalitarian regime. In 1917–1934 the most widely spread style in Kharkiv, the capital of the Soviet Ukraine, was Сonstructivism which became a kind of a visit card for the city. The prior example of this style is the building of Derzhprom (the Building of State In-dustry).

Extraordinary harmony of its simple forms, a strict and austeric silhou-ette made Derzhprom world-famous. Other buildings designed in the style of Constructivism include numerous residential houses (1, 5, 7a, Pravdy Av.; 54, Pushkinska St., 17, Hirshmana St., etc.), as well as the Palace for Culture of the Railway Employees (Kotlova St.), the building of the Telephone Station in Ivanova St., the Post Office in Pryvokzalna Square and even the

whole neighbourhood of the New Kharkiv which was established togeth-er with the giant of mechanical engi-neering — the Kharkiv Tractor Plant. At the same time, this was the period when architectural monuments of the previous age — Orthodox churches and other religious constructions were destroyed.

In the years of World War II, Kharkiv was occupied twice. The city suffered numerous losses of civilian population and mass destruction of res idential and industrial buildings. During the post-

Constructivism: the Post Office in Privokzalna Square (see p. 101)

Stalin’s Neoclassicism: the building of the Kharkiv Region State Administration (see p. 83) ‘Stalinka’ in Konstytutsii Square

Constructivism: the building of Derzhprom (see p. 78)

Constructivism: Palace for Culture of the Railway Employees (see p. 102)



war period, industrial enterprises, edu-cational, administrative and residential buildings were actively restored. The solid residential estates built at that time are locally called ‘Stalinkas’ (the build-ings of the Stalin age).

New industrial enterprises were built, the population of Kharkiv in-creased, and the city itself grew and developed. New residential neigh-bourhoods of multi-storey buildings were constructed. The first under-ground lines connected many neigh-bourhoods of the city.

Residential buildings in one of the new neighbourhoods

Office building

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Square of Fountains near Kharkiv Opera and Ballet Theatre

Reconstruction of the Metallist Stadium Kharkiv Dolphinarium

Masterplan of a new residential area

The new period of the city develop-ment started in the late 20th century already in the independent Ukraine. New residential complexes, supermar-kets, entertainment centres and banks designed in the style of the third mil-lennium became the new decoration of the city’s streets and squares. Beau-tiful fountains and new monuments were opened in the downtown area of Kharkiv. Many monuments of architecture are now under reconstruction. The city has been constantly growing and changing.

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2 From Konstytutsii Square to Svobody Square

Historically, the functions of the city administration centre have been equally shared by Konstytutsii and Svobody Squares, both squares being the sites for administration buildings, city festivals and other events.

Located between these two squares, the so-called Hilly District occupies central position on a hill between the Kharkiv and the Lopan Rivers. It was built-up in stages, starting from the 17th century, though most of the buildings were constructed only in the late 19th century. Cross streets divide this territory into comparatively small quarters with their historic planning preserved today. Characteristic of this

part of the city is a variety of architec-tural styles typical of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

The Hilly District is a site for numer-ous administration buildings, research centres, design institutes, colleges and specialised secondary schools, thea-tres, cultural centres and residential estates.

The most interesting sites in terms of their architectural outlook are Sum-ska, Rymarska, Gogola and Pushkin-ska Streets, the mansions of the early 20th century located in the so-called ‘quiet’ centre, theatres, as well as the Taras Shevchenko Gardens and Vic-tory Park.

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Being one of the city’s main streets, Sumska Street was established together with the Kharkiv fortress as a mail route to the Town of Sumy. As is the case throughout the city, it preserved the fea-tures of a rural way of life until the mid- 19th century. Most of the buildings here were thatched timber and wattle-and-daub houses. Observed by a visitor of that time, this scene, however, was not oppressive: the picturesque Ukrainian white huts and the richness of the es-tates are described in many travel notes and memoirs. But Kharkiv obtained the status of a provincial capital and that was binding: when in 1831 a ‘Plan of Kharkiv, the capital of province (includ-ing suburbs)’ was adopted, the further construction in Sumska Street, as well as in other central streets, was well-managed. Only stone buildings with the so-called ‘model’ designs approved by the specialised construction committee were allowed to be built. By the end of the 19th century, Kharkiv had become a major financial and industrial centre.

Multi-storey buildings, impressive com-mercial estates, mansions owned by offi-cials, merchants, and scholars were built in Sumska Street. Every house here has its own history.

At the corner of Sumska Street and Konstytutsii Square, there is a build-ing of the former Russian-Asian Bank designed by Saint-Petersburg architects O. Munz and A. Spiegel in the style of Modern in 1910. An in-teresting fact about this building is that alongside the bank which used to occupy the lower floors (inside one can still find a bank lobby with octa-gon columns fronted with stone), the building also housed other organisa-tions, not being involved in financial

Former Russian-Asian Bank

Sumska Street

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activities, e.i. — the Nurses’ Training Courses. Nowadays, the building also houses various institutions, organisa-tions and trade companies.

A three-storey corner house (2, Sumska St.) designed by B. Mikha-lovsky was built in the late 19th cen-tury in the style of French Renaissance. Today its ground floor houses ‘Puzata Khata’ Café offering its visitors tradi-tional Ukrainian cuisine.

An example of a mixed-use complex combining a residential estate and a cin-ema is a building in 5, Sumska Street —

a former lodging house with Ampir Cinema (designed by A. Gorokhov, 1913). The construction of this building was funded by Mr. Kharitonov who was a big lover of cinematography. After the 1917 Revolution, the cinema got the name of the First Komsomolsky. Unfor-tunately, it does not function any more. In 1954, a residential hall for the work-ers of Kharkiv factories was attached to the building on the right-hand side, while the mansion on its left-hand side built in 1876 (designed by E. Guinsh) was preserved.

House in the style of French Renaissance in 2, Sumska Street

House in the style of Modern in 6, Sumska Street

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5Suburb tours

Only in a couple-of-hours drive from Kharkiv there are numerous memorable sites, touring around which might be interesting for visi-tors.

The nature of the Kharkiv Region is remarkably beautiful: picturesque hills, blossomy valleys, slowly flow-ing shaky rivers and artificial lakes

with willows bending over them. These landscapes can be admired on and on. Alongside natural beauties, the Kharkiv Region can boast of the remainings of ancient settlements, monuments of park and garden archi-tecture and other memorable sites of great historic value which are an inte-gral part of the national culture.

Vovchansk

Verkhniy Saltiv

Velyky Burluk

Dvorichna

Kupyansk

Izyum

Sakhnovshchyna

Pervomaysk

Balakliya

ZmiyivNova Vodolaha

Valky

Bohodukhiv

Krasnokutsk

Parkhomivka

Sharivka

Skovorodynivka

Solonytsivka

Koropove

Volodymyrivka

Zolochiv

Derhachi

Kharkiv

Krasnograd

Barvinkove

Lozova

Shevchenkove

Pechenihy

Chuhuiv

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The Kharkiv Region Plan

Way to Poltava

Merefa

Lubotyn

Spasiv Skit

Way to Svyatogorsk(to the Holy Mountain Laura)

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1 Merefa

Founded in 1595, the town keeps memory of the glorious Cossack Kosh Otaman (elected leader of the Zaporo-zhian Sich state) Ivan Sirko. In 1668, Ivan Sirko founded a village near Merefa which was later inherited by his daughter.

During the 17th and early 18th cen-turies the town was a front line forti-fication protecting these lands against the Tatar raids. Until 1778 Merefa remained the centre of the Cossack squadron of the Kharkiv regiment.

2 ChuhuivThis town located at the Seversky

Donets and Chuhuivka Rivers was

founded in 1638 by Ukrainian Cos-sacks under the leadership of Het-man Yakiv Ostryanytsa. The histori-cal centre of the town still preserves a settlement of the early medieval period, where Chuhuiv fortress was built in the late 16th century. In 1817–1857, the town was the centre of a group of military settle-ments. Most houses were one-storey buildings constructed of bricks and stones, and were a significant ele-ment of the town fortifications. The world famous painter I. Repin grew up in one of them. A three-storey building of the Ukrainian Military Headquarters with a clock tower (1830) has been preserved in the very centre of the city, as well as the Classical style building of the Holy Shroud Cathedral (1824–1834).

Memorial Museum of Illya Repin and his ArtChuhuiv, 8, Rosa Luxembourg St.tel. 2- 22-77, 2-55-51The Illya Repin Award Winners Picture Gallery, Chuhuyiv, 5, Kalyayeva St.

The I. Repin Award Winners Gallery

Monument to I. Sirko

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3 PechenihyThe town of Pechenihy, the centre

of the Pechenihy District, is situated 50km South from Kharkiv. The site of the district is the historic Pecheneg Field named after a nomad tribe of the Pechenegs. This is also the name of an annual folk festival organised in mid-July and of the unique regional land-scape park which is a natural monu-ment of the national significance.

A real adoration of the site is the Pecheneg Lake which is part of the Kharkiv water supply system. The ar-tificial lake with an area of 80km2 and capacity of 500,000,000m3 was created in 1958–1964 to provide Kharkiv with the necessary water storage. Besides, the Pecheneg Lage is a marvellous rec-reational area with a developed system of summer camps for children, holiday houses and recreation centres. Khar-kovites enjoy having a break in the pic-turesque suburbs of Stary Saltiv.

Kharkiv Yacht Club has been lo-cated here for many years. Recently it has become the site for international competitions.

4 Verkhniy SaltivClose to Stary Saltiv there is a vil-

liage of Verkhniy Saltiv known as the centre of archeological research of the Saltiv culture. In 1900 V. Babenko, a teacher in a local school, informed Kharkiv University of his founding. Next year famous Kharkiv scientists, including D. Bahaliy, took part in the dig of the Verkhniy Saltiv burial site.

It was found out that in the early Middle Ages this territory was inhibit-ed by Alans (or Alani) and the so-called Black Bulgars who came here from the Northern Forecaucasus and were sub-jects to the Khazar Khaganate. Saltiv was then an administrative and trading centre. The area of the settlement was about 120he. It consisted of a fortress and an adjacent big village. The settle-ment was surrounded by earthworks and ditches from the three sides, whilst the steep slope at the side of the river was practically unassailable. The burial sites are located at ravine banks.

The reserve museum was created on the site of the dig in Verkhniy Saltiv which now bears the name of V. Baben-

The Pecheneg Lake



After the UEFA Executive Com-mittee meeting in Portugal on 11 December 2009, the City of Kharkiv was removed from the list of candidat-ing cities to become a hosting city for the European Football Championship UEFA EURO 2012.

According to the UEFA Executive Committee decision, Kharkiv will host three group matches of EURO 2012.

On the whole, the EURO 2012 City Programme with its 366 tasks and the total amount of financing of almost 9,2 billion hryvnas is aimed at implementing the Agreement be-tween Kharkiv and the Union of Eu-ropean Football Association, Agree-ment between the Union of European

Football Association and stadium and airport.

In effect of these agreements imple-mentation, the city will have provided for the following results by 2012:• a stadium of the Elite-class;• international airport with the ca-

pacity of 25,500 passengers per 10 hours;

• transport infrastructure and roads being in municipal property;

• hotel economy for accommodating the guests and participants of the championship ensuring the high standard of services and creating safe conditions for the guests’ and participants’ stay in the city;

• tourism infrastructure and leisure.

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StadiumThe city’s major arena — Metallist

Stadium — is preparing to host the EURO 2012 matches.

After reconstruction, the capacity of the stadium will be 38,633seats, or 35,577 seats netto:• VIP seats — 390, 124 of them lo-

cated in the skyboxes;• seats for those with restricted physi-

cal ability — 100;• seats for mass-media — 674;• commentators cabins — 80;• pitch lightening — 2,400 lux;• number of turnstiles — 88.

Car parks are being built in close proximity to the stadium, namely in :1. Nekhayenka St. — 300 buses (close

to the Malysheva Factory);2. Kremlivska St. — 192 cars;3. Derzhavinska St. — 315 buses;4. Bezimenna St. — 300 cars and 6

buses;5. The Frunze Factory area — VIP ve-

hicles (50 cars and 4 buses).In accordance with the Agreement

between the Stadium and the UEFA, the reconstruction of the road system

is underway. The renewed road system will connect the arena with the major city thoroughfares.

Training centres for the participating teamsConstruction, reconstruction and

refurbishment of 4 sporting and train-ing facilities is planned:• The Metallist Football Club Sports

and Training Centre has all the nec-essary infrastructure for training and relaxation (65 rooms);

• transfer training camp of the Olym-pic Stadium owned by Kharkiv State College of Physical Training with the accommodation facilities of the 5-start Superior Golf Hotel (45 rooms);

• Sonyachny Health and Fitness Centre owned by the Southern Rail-way — a football pitch with stands and the corresponding infrastruc-ture with a 5-star hotel for 85 rooms will be build;

• The Vorskla Stadium with the ac-commodation facilities of Palazzo Hotel located 6km from Poltava.



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2 AirportBy the year of 2012, the capacity of

the Kharkiv International Airport — the air gateway of the city — will be over 25,500 passengers per 10 hours, whilst its runway will be able to accept airplanes of all types. After recon-struction it will be extended by 250 meters.

In August 2010 a new passenger terminal with the well-developed sur-rounding area was set into operation. The systems of the new terminal are now servicing the internal flights and are being tested for the international ones.

By the end of 2011, three telescopic gangways will be bought and as-sembled in the new terminal allowing the passengers to get onboard directly from the terminal.

The renewed airport will meet all the requirements set for modern pas-senger terminals by international avia-tion organisations, as well as those set by UEFA in terms of passengers com-fort and security.

HotelsAccommodation for the UEFA tar-

get groupsUEFA requires the city to offer

2,765 rooms, including:• 5* — 1,240 rooms;• 4* — 1,315 rooms;• 3* — 210 rooms

On the whole, 69 accommodation facilities with 4,132 rooms are being prepared to offer the high standard of services for the visitors of the Cham-pionship.

Accommodation for fansAccording to TUI Travel Plc (UE-

FA’s official accommodation agency) estimations, demand for the fans ac-commodation on the match days will be 13,745, including:• 5* — 1,240 rooms;• 4* — 1,315 rooms;• 3* — 210 rooms

To accommodate the fans, the city will engage:• 63 halls of residence of Kharkiv uni-

versities;• 17 hotels of 1–2 stars and health re-

sorts;• apartments for rental.

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A tent village is to be created near the hotel and entertainment complex of Arkade-Arizona.

At present the city’s capacity in terms of accommodating the fans is 28,531 beds.

RoadsIn terms of EURO 2012 preparation,

152 sections of the road network (the total of 191.83km) are to be built, re-constructed and repaired, including:• 54 streets around the Metallist sta-

dium;• 20 streets at the entrance to and exit

from the city;• 78 streets connecting the EURO

2012 venues and facilities.Special attention is being paid to the

main roads connecting Metallist Sta-dium with the railway station, airport, hotels and hospitals.

TransprotThe Host City Mobility Plan has

been developed. This is a list of city public transport routes covering the whole area of the city, including 14 tram, 23 trolley-bus and 172 bus routes, as well as 3 lines of the under-ground with 29 stations.

According to the State Programme, the following tasks are to have been completed by the beginning of 2012:• renovation of the tram park (68 new

carriages);• renovation of the trolley-bus park

(300 new vehicles);• renovation of the bus park (300 new

buses);

• renovation of the municipal buses (16 new buses);

• reconstruction of the tram tracks and crossings;

• construction and commissioning of two underground stations.In November 2010—February 2011

Kharkiv will receive 97 trolley-buses and 11 buses from Lviv Automobile Factory (LAZ). Supported by the cen-tral government, Kharkiv has already bought 16 modern buses.

The EURO 2012 fans will take ad-vantage of the most convenient means of public transport and the best in Ukraine — Kharkiv underground. Ev-ery 24 hours it transports over 660,000 passengers. Two underground stations with 7 separate exits are located in several steps from the stadium, another three be-ing situated in a 20-minute walk from it.

HospitalsThe capital repair of major medical

institutions which will serve the fans and participants of the Championship is underway. On the whole, the plans are to involve about 39 medical institu-tions which will provide medical help of European standards. The Concept for Medical Services during EURO 2012 includes the provision of medical help on a 24 hour basis at the airport, railway and bus stations. It will also be available along the major roads, at the supporters and teams accommodation areas, and of course at the stadium and fan zones during the competitions.



Fan zoneThe major Fan zone of the city will

be located on Svobody Sq. (the biggest square in Europe). The transmission of the matches will be provided by 7 modern big plasma screens.

The area of the Fan zone will be sur-rounded by Kharkiv Hotel, Sumska St., the T. Shevchenko Gardens and the monument to V. Lenin.

It is a traditional place for mass events, celebrations and concerts. The record crowding of 300,000 was reg-istered during the QUEEN concert in 2008. The central square of Kharkiv occupies an area of 36,000 square me-ters. The fan zone will be an enclosure

of 25,000 square meters, which will al-low for 100,000 fans.

The territory of the fan zone will in-clude stalls selling food and beverages from the UEFA sponsors. Around the fan zone, cloak rooms and stalls selling UEFA souvenirs related to the Champi-onship will be installed. Security, stew-ards and volunteers will be specially trained to serve the guests of the city.

Kharkiv doesn’t waste any single minute to intensify the preparation for EURO 2012 and sincerely wishes suc-cess to all other Ukrainian and Polish cities.

Welcome to the city of open hearted people and unlimited possibilities.

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Contents

Kharkiv City Plan ........................................................................................................ 4Plan of the Downtown Area ....................................................................................... 6About Kharkiv ............................................................................................................. 8Pages of History ......................................................................................................... 11Kharkiv City Council International Cooperation Office ..................................... 14Holidays and Festivals ............................................................................................... 15Architecture................................................................................................................ 18Kharkiv Underpasses ................................................................................................ 23Route 1. The Old City ............................................................................................... 25Route 2. From Konstytutsii Square to Svobody Square ........................................ 42Route 3. Around Svobody Square .......................................................................... 76Route 4. From the Downtown Area to the Railway Station ................................. 93Route 5. Suburb tours ............................................................................................. 107Route 6. The Cossack Period in Sloboda Ukraine ............................................. 122Kharkiv — Cosmopolitan City .............................................................................. 127Jewish Diaspora ....................................................................................................... 128Karaite diaspora ....................................................................................................... 141German Diaspora .................................................................................................... 145Polish Diaspora ........................................................................................................ 148Armenian Diaspora ................................................................................................. 152Latvian Diaspora ..................................................................................................... 155Useful Information .................................................................................................. 158Medical Care ............................................................................................................ 161Unforeseeable Situations ........................................................................................ 162Immigration and Customs Control ...................................................................... 164Hotels, Hotel Services ............................................................................................. 165Public Transport ...................................................................................................... 176Culture, leisure, sport .............................................................................................. 185National Cuisine ...................................................................................................... 198Phrase-book ............................................................................................................. 214EURO 2012 .............................................................................................................. 218

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