ajit k
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Structure and applications of Carbon Nano tubes.TRANSCRIPT
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Carbon Nanotubes: and its applications
AJIT KUMAR MANDALSEM-II
DEPT. OF BOTANY
NORTH ORISSA UNIVERSITY
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Outline
Introduction History Structure Properties Applications Biological application Future application Challenges conclusion
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Introduction
Current world is comprising of nanotechnology. All the laboratories in the world concern with the nanotechnology application.
In biological world the nanotechnology plays a vital role for the betterment of the works.
Mainly in the sector of genetics the carbon nano tube is widely used.
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What is carbon nanotube:
A tube shaped material, made of carbon having a diameter measuring on the nanometer scale.
1nm = 10-9m
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Types of carbon nanotube:
Single-wall Nanotubes
Double-wall Nanotubes
Multi-wall Nanotubes
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Structure:
The chemical genius of carbon that can be bond in different way to create structures with entirely different properties.
Different forms of carbon: Diamond, Graphite, Fullerene,
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Structure:
CNT: Rolling-up a graphene sheet to form a tube
Schematic of a CNT
STM image of CNT
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Carbon nanotube
Properties depending on how it is rolled up.
a1, a2 are the graphene vectors. OB/AB’ overlaps after rolling up. OA is the rolling up vector.
21 manaOA
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Carbon nanotube properties: Fiber Material
Specific Density
E(TPa) Strength Strain at Break(%)
Carbon Nanotube
1.3-2 1 10-60 10
HS Steel 7.8 0.2 4.1 Below 10
Carbon fiber-PAN
1.7-2 0.2-0.6 1.7-5 0.3-2.4
Carbon fiber-pitch
2-2.2 0.4-0.96 2.2-3.3 0.27-0.6
E/S-glass 2.5 0.07/0.08 2.4/2.5 4.8
Kevler 49 1.4 0.13 3.6-4.1 2.8
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Applications of Carbonnanotubes:General applications are: Conductive plastic Structural composite materials Flat-panel displays Gas storage Antifouling paint Micro- and nano electronocs Radar absorbing coating Technical Textiles Ultra-capacitor Batteries with improved lifetime. Extra strong fibers.
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Biological Applications of Carbonnanotubes: Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) Tips
Biosensors for Harmful gases
DNA Sequencing
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Biological applications: Bio-sensing Many spherical nano-particles have been
fabricated for biological applications. Nanotubes offer some advantages relative
to nanoparticles by the following aspects:1. Larger inner volumes – can be filled with chemical or
biological species.
2. Open mouths of nanotubes make the inner surface accessible.
3. Distinct inner and outer surface can be modified separately.
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Biological applications: AFM tipsCarbon nanotubes as AFM probe tips:1. Small diameter – maximum resolution
2. Excellent chemical and mechanical robustness
3. High aspect ratio
Resolution of ~ 12nm is achieved
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Biological applications:Functional AFM tipsMolecular-recognition AFM probe tips: Certain bimolecular is attached to the CNT tip This tip is used to study the chemical forces between
molecules – Chemical force microscopy
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Biological applications: DNA sequencing Nanotube fits into the
major grove of the DNA strand
Apply bias voltage across CNT, different DNA base-pairs give rise to different current signals
With multiple CNT, it is possible to do parallel fast DNA sequencing
Top view and side view of the assembled CNT-DNA system
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Future Applications
Future applications:1. Already in product: CNT tipped AFM
2. Big hit: CNT field effect transistors based nano electronics.
3. Futuristic: CNT based OLED, artificial muscles…
.
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Conclusion:
By the application of carbon nanotubes we can develop the biological research work to such an extent that it can leads our life style beyond the imagination.
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Challenges:
Challenges1. Manufacture: Important parameters are hard to control.
2. Large quantity fabrication process still missing.
3. Manipulation of nanotubes.
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Referrence:
http://www.personal.reading.ac.uk/~scsharip/tubes.htm
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_nanotube www.nanocyl.com/CNT-Expertise.../Carbon-Nanotubes www.research.ibm.com/nanoscience/nanotubes.html www.electrochem.org/dl/interface/sum/sum06/sum06_p23.pdf -
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