airworthiness design standards manual (adsm) · 2019. 1. 13. · electronic documents are subject...

Electronic documents are subject to change, before re-using refer to the DTICS or TAA website to verify the current version

UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED

AIRWORTHINESS DESIGN STANDARDS MANUAL (ADSM) (BILINGUAL)

(Supersedes C-XX-XXX-XXX/XX-XXX dated YYYY-MM-DD and change X dated YYYY-MM-DD)

MANUEL DES NORMES DE NAVIGABILITÉ DE CONCEPTION (MNNC) (BILINGUE)

(Remplace C-XX-XXX-XXX/XX-XXX datée YYYY-MM-DD et le modificatif X datée YYYY-MM-DD)

C-05-005-001/AG-002

Issued on Authority of the Chief of the Defence Staff Publiée avec l'autorisation du Chef d'état-major de la Défense

OPI: DTAES 2 2012-11-29 BPR : DNAST 2 Ch/Mod 1 – 2017-04-01

National Defence

Défense nationale



C-05-005-001/AG-002

Ch 1 – 2017-04-01 A

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES ÉTAT DES PAGES EN VIGUEUR

Insert latest changed pages; dispose of superseded pages in accordance with applicable orders.

Insérer les pages le plus récemment modifiées et disposer de celles qu’elles remplacent conformément aux instructions applicables.

NOTE NOTE

The portion of the text affected by the latest change is indicated by a black vertical line in the margin of the page. Changes to illustrations are indicated by miniature pointing hands or black vertical lines.

La partie du texte touchée par le plus récent modificatif est indiquée par une ligne verticale noire dans la marge. Les modifications aux illustrations sont indiquées par des mains miniatures à l’index pointé ou des lignes verticales noires.

Dates of issue for original and changed pages are:

Les dates de publication pour les pages originales et les pages modifiées sont :

Original............................. 0 ......................... 2012-11-29 Ch/Mod ............................ 1 ......................... 2017-04-01 Ch/Mod ............................ 2 ......................... Ch/Mod ............................ 3 ......................... Ch/Mod ............................ 4 ......................... Ch/Mod ............................ 5 .........................

Ch/Mod .......................... 6 ........................... Ch/Mod .......................... 7 ........................... Ch/Mod .......................... 8 ........................... Ch/Mod .......................... 8 ........................... Ch/Mod .......................... 10 ......................... Ch/Mod .......................... 11 .........................

Zero in Change No. Column indicates an original page. The use of the letter E or F indicates the change is in English or French only. Total number of pages in this publication is 356 consisting of the following:

Zéro dans la colonne des modificatifs indique une page originale. La lettre E ou F indique que la modification est exclusivement en anglais ou en français. La présente publication comprend 356 pages réparties de la façon suivante :

Page No. Change No. Numéro de page Numéro de modificatif


Title/titre ..................................................................................... 1 A to/à B/C .................................................................................. 1 i to/à iii ........................................................................................ 0 iv to/à xiv .................................................................................... 1 1-1/1-2 ....................................................................................... 0 1-1-1 to/à 1-1-4 ......................................................................... 0 1-2-1 to/à 1-2-3/1-2-4 ............................................................... 0 1-2A-1/1-2A-2 ........................................................................... 0 1-3-1 to/à 1-3-4 ......................................................................... 0 1-4-1 to/à 1-4-5/1-4-6 ............................................................... 0 2-1/2-2 ....................................................................................... 0 2-1-1 to/à 2-1-4 ......................................................................... 0 2-2-1 to/à 2-2-4 ......................................................................... 0 2-3-1 to/à 2-3-10 ....................................................................... 0 3-1/3-2 ....................................................................................... 0 3-1-1 to/à 3-1-3/3-1-4 ............................................................... 0 3-1A-1/3-1A-2 ........................................................................... 0 3-2-1/3-2-2 ................................................................................. 0 3-3-1/3-3-2 ................................................................................. 0 3-4-1/3-4-2 ................................................................................. 0 3-5-1/3-5-2 ................................................................................. 0 3-6-1/3-6-2 ................................................................................. 0

3-7-1/3-7-2 ................................................................................ 0 3-8-1/3-8-2 ................................................................................ 0 3-9-1/3-9-2 ................................................................................ 0 3-10-1 to/à 3-10-6 .................................................................... 0 3-11-1/3-11-2 ............................................................................ 0 3-12-1/3-12-2 ............................................................................ 0 3-13-1/3-13-2 ............................................................................ 0 4-1/4-2 ....................................................................................... 0 4-A-1/4-A-2 ............................................................................... 0 4-A-1-1 to/à 4-A-1-11/4-A-1-12 .............................................. 0 4-A-2-1/4-A-2-2 ........................................................................ 0 4-B-1/4-B-2 ............................................................................... 0 4-B-1-1/4-B-1-2 ........................................................................ 0 4-C-1/4-C-2 ............................................................................... 0 4-C-1-1 to/à 4-C-1-9/4-C-1-10 ................................................ 0 4-D-1/4-D-2 ............................................................................... 0 4-D-1-1/4-D-1-2 to/à 4-D-1-24 ................................................ 0 4-E-1/4-E-2 ............................................................................... 0 4-E-1-1 to/à 4-E-1-4 ................................................................. 0 4-E-2-1/4-E-2-2 ........................................................................ 0 4-F-1/4-F-2 ................................................................................ 0 4-F-1-1 to/à 4-F-1-7/4-F-1-8 ................................................... 1



C-05-005-001/AG-002

B/C Ch 1 – 2017-04-01

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES (CONT) ÉTAT DES PAGES EN VIGUEUR (Suite)



4-F-2-1/4-F-2-2 ........................................................................... 0 4-F-3-1 to/à 4-F-3-6 .................................................................... 1 4-F-4-1 to/à 4-F-4-8 .................................................................... 0 4-F-4A-1 to/à 4-F-4A-6 .............................................................. 0 4-F-4B-1 to/à 4-F-4B-4 .............................................................. 0 4-F-4C-1 to/à 4-F-4C-2 .............................................................. 0 4-F-5-1/4-F-5-2 ........................................................................... 0 4-F-6-1/4-F-6-2 ........................................................................... 0 4-F-6A-1/4-F-6A-2 ...................................................................... 0 4-F-6B-1/4-F-6B-2 ...................................................................... 0 4-F-6C-1/4-F-6C-2 ..................................................................... 0 4-F-7-1/4-F-7-2 ........................................................................... 0 4-F-7A-1/4-F-7A-2 ...................................................................... 0 4-F-8-1/4-F-8-2 ........................................................................... 0 4-F-9-1/4-F-9-2 ........................................................................... 0 4-F-10-1/4-F-10-2 ....................................................................... 0 4-F-10A-1/4-F-10A-2 ................................................................. 0 4-F-11-1/4-F-11-2 ....................................................................... 0 4-F-12-1/4-F-12-2 ....................................................................... 0 4-F-13-1 to/à 4-F-13-9/4-F-13-10 ............................................. 0 4-F-14-1/4-F-14-2 ....................................................................... 0 4-F-15-1/4-F-15-2 ....................................................................... 0 4-F-16-1 to/à 4-F-16-12 ............................................................. 0 4-F-16A-1 to/à 4-F-16A-5/4-F-16A-6 ....................................... 0 4-F-16B-1 to/à 4-F-16B-2 .......................................................... 0 4-F-16C-1/4-F-16C-2 ................................................................. 0 4-F-16D-1/4-F-16D-2 ................................................................. 0 4-F-17-1/4-F-17-2 ....................................................................... 0 4-G-1/4-G-2 ................................................................................. 0 4-G-1-1 to/à 4-G-1-2 .................................................................. 0

4-G-2-1 to/à 4-G-2-3/4-G-2-4 .................................................... 0 4-G-3-1 to/à 4-G-3-7/4-G-3-8 .................................................... 0 4-G-4-1 to/à 4-G-4-2 .................................................................. 0 4-G-5-1 to/à 4-G-5-4 .................................................................. 0 4-G-6-1 to/à 4-G-6-4 .................................................................. 1 4-G-6A-1 to/à 4-G-6A-3/4-G-6A-4 ............................................ 1 4-G-6B-1, 4-G-6B-2 ................................................................... 1 4-G-6C-1 to/à 4-G-6C-3/4-G-6C-4 ........................................... 1 4-G-6D-1, 4-G-6D-2 ................................................................... 1 4-G-6E-1, 4-G-6E-2 ................................................................... 1 4-G-6F-1, 4-G-6F-2 .................................................................... 1 4-G-6G-1, 4-G-6G-2................................................................... 1 4-G-6H-1/4-G-6H-2 .................................................................... 1 4-G-6I-1 to/à 4-G-6I-3/4-G-6I-4 ................................................. 1 4-G-6J-1/4-G-6J-2 ...................................................................... 1 4-G-6K-1, 4-G-6K-2 ................................................................... 1 4-G-6L-1 to/à 4-G-6L-4 .............................................................. 1 4-H-1/4-H-2 ................................................................................. 0 4-H-1-1/4-H-1-2 .......................................................................... 0 5-1/5-2 .......................................................................................... 0 5-1-1 to/à 5-1-5/5-1-6 ................................................................. 0 5-2-1/5-2-2 ................................................................................... 0 5-3-1/5-3-2 ................................................................................... 0 5-4-1/5-4-2 ................................................................................... 0 5-5-1/5-5-2 ................................................................................... 0 5-6-1/5-6-2 ................................................................................... 0 5-7-1/5-7-2 ................................................................................... 0 LA-1/LA-2 .................................................................................... 0 GL-1/GL-2 ................................................................................... 0 INDEX-1/INDEX-2...................................................................... 0

Contact Officer: DTAES 2-2 Personne responsable : DNAST 2-2

©2012 DND/MDN Canada



C-05-005-001/AG-002

i

CONTENTS

PAGE

PART 1 – INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 1-1/1-2

CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW ........................................................................... 1-1-1

1.1.1 Background .................................................................................................................. 1-1-1 1.1.2 Purpose ........................................................................................................................ 1-1-1 1.1.3 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 1-1-1 1.1.4 Use of the Manual ........................................................................................................ 1-1-1 1.1.5 Introduction to Standards and Specifications ............................................................... 1-1-2 1.1.6 Relationship between Standards and Specifications ................................................... 1-1-2 1.1.7 Classification of Standards and Specifications............................................................. 1-1-3

CHAPTER 2 – AIRWORTHINESS DESIGN STANDARDS MANUAL (ADSM) CONTENT, LAYOUT AND STYLE ........................................................................................... 1-2-1

1.2.1 General ......................................................................................................................... 1-2-1 1.2.2 Part 1 – Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1-2-1 1.2.3 Part 2 – General Airworthiness Design Standards ....................................................... 1-2-1 1.2.4 Part 3 – Aeronautical Product Design Standards ......................................................... 1-2-2 1.2.5 Part 4 – General Standards – Technology and Engineering Specialities .................... 1-2-2 1.2.6 Part 5 – Material Design Specifications and Standards ............................................... 1-2-2 1.2.7 List of Acronyms, Glossary, Cross-Reference and Index ............................................ 1-2-2 1.2.8 Manual Sponsorship and Amendment ................................................................ 1-2-3/1-2-4 1.2.9 Annexes ............................................................................................................... 1-2-3/1-2-4

ANNEX A – SAMPLE CONVENTIONS AND LAYOUT OF CHAPTERS IN THE ADSM – PARTS 3, 4 AND 5 .....................................................................1-2A-1/1-2A-2

CHAPTER 3 – DEVELOPMENT OF A BASIS OF CERTIFICATION (BoC) ..................................... 1-3-1

1.3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1-3-1 1.3.2 Composition of a BoC ................................................................................................... 1-3-1 1.3.3 Establishing a Basis of Certification for New Aircraft Acquisitions or Major Upgrade

Projects ..................................................................................................................... 1-3-2 1.3.4 The Process of Establishing the BoC ........................................................................... 1-3-3 1.3.5 The Process of Completing the Compliance Matrix ..................................................... 1-3-4

CHAPTER 4 – PREPARATION OF DND/CF SPECIFICATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF WORK FOR AIRWORTHINESS ............................................................... 1-4-1

1.4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1-4-1 1.4.2 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 1-4-1 1.4.3 Preparation Guidance ................................................................................................... 1-4-2 1.4.4 Development of Specifications ..................................................................................... 1-4-2 1.4.5 Provision of Requirements Definition ........................................................................... 1-4-2 1.4.6 Design and Construction Requirements ....................................................................... 1-4-3 1.4.7 Utilization Environment ................................................................................................. 1-4-4 1.4.8 System Boundaries and Interfaces .............................................................................. 1-4-4 1.4.9 Function and Performance Requirements .................................................................... 1-4-4 1.4.10 Statement of Work (SOW) Development ..................................................................... 1-4-4 1.4.11 Tendering Information ......................................................................................... 1-4-5/1-4-6



C-05-005-001/AG-002

ii

CONTENTS (CONT)

PAGE

PART 2 – GENERAL AIRWORTHINESS DESIGN STANDARDS ................................................................. 2-1/2-2

CHAPTER 1 – AERONAUTICAL PRODUCT AIRWORTHINESS DESIGN STANDARDS (GENERAL GUIDE) .......................................................................................... 2-1-1

2.1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 2-1-1 2.1.2 Airworthiness Design Standards – General ................................................................. 2-1-1 2.1.3 Design Control .............................................................................................................. 2-1-2 2.1.4 DND/CF Airworthiness Design Standards .................................................................... 2-1-3

CHAPTER 2 – MILITARY AIRWORTHINESS DESIGN STANDARDS ............................................ 2-2-1

2.2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 2-2-1 2.2.2 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 2-2-1 2.2.3 Baseline Military Airworthiness Design Standards ....................................................... 2-2-1 2.2.4 UK Military Standards – (DEF STAN 00-970 and DEF STAN 00-971) ........................ 2-2-1 2.2.5 US Military Standards and Specifications .................................................................... 2-2-3 2.2.6 NATO STANAGs and Air and Space Interoperability

Council (ASIC) Air Standards .................................................................................... 2-2-4

CHAPTER 3 – CIVIL AIRWORTHINESS DESIGN STANDARDS .................................................... 2-3-1

2.3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 2-3-1 2.3.2 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 2-3-1 2.3.3 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) .......................................................... 2-3-2 2.3.4 Recognized Civil Aviation Safety Regulations.............................................................. 2-3-2 2.3.5 FAA and TCCA Regulatory Framework ....................................................................... 2-3-3 2.3.6 FAA Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) ................................................................... 2-3-3 2.3.7 Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) ....................................................................... 2-3-4 2.3.8 Strengths and Weaknesses of FAA FARs and TCCA CARs ....................................... 2-3-6 2.3.9 FARs and CARs – Supporting Documents and Material ............................................. 2-3-7 2.3.10 Joint Aviation Requirements (JARs) ............................................................................. 2-3-7 2.3.11 International Documents ............................................................................................... 2-3-8 2.3.12 RTCA Inc Documents ................................................................................................... 2-3-8 2.3.13 Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Documents ................................................... 2-3-8 2.3.14 Aeronautical Radio Inc (ARINC) Documents ............................................................... 2-3-9 2.3.15 European Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment (EUROCAE) Documents ......... 2-3-10 2.3.16 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Documents ......................... 2-3-10 2.3.17 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Documents ........................................ 2-3-10 2.3.18 Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) Documents ......................................................... 2-3-10 2.3.19 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Documents .................................... 2-3-10

PART 3 – AERONAUTICAL PRODUCT DESIGN STANDARDS .................................................................. 3-1/3-2

CHAPTER 1 – FIXED WING TRANSPORT AND UTILITY AIRCRAFT ............................................ 3-1-1

3.1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 3-1-1 3.1.2 Standards ..................................................................................................................... 3-1-1 3.1.3 Guidance Information – Selection of Airworthiness Design Standards ........................ 3-1-2 3.1.4 Associated Publications and Standards .............................................................. 3-1-3/3-1-4

ANNEX A – BASELINE STANDARDS COMPARISON CHART (To be promulgated) ..........................................................................3-1A-1/3-1A-2



C-05-005-001/AG-002

iii

CONTENTS (CONT)

PAGE

CHAPTER 2 – AIRCRAFT AND ENGINE EMISSIONS AND NOISE (To be promulgated) .................................................................................. 3-2-1/3-2-2

CHAPTER 3 – GLIDERS AND POWERED GLIDERS (To be promulgated) ......................... 3-3-1/3-3-2

CHAPTER 4 – SMALL CIVIL AND MILITARY PATTERN AIRCRAFT (To be promulgated) ................................................................................... 3-4-1/3-4-2

CHAPTER 5 – LARGE CIVIL AND MILITARY PATTERN AIRCRAFT (To be promulgated) ................................................................................... 3-5-1/3-5-2

CHAPTER 6 – COMBAT AIRCRAFT (To be promulgated) .................................................... 3-6-1/3-6-2

CHAPTER 7 – SMALL CIVIL AND MILITARY PATTERN ROTORCRAFT (To be promulgated) ............................................................................ 3-7-1/3-7-2

CHAPTER 8 – LARGE CIVIL AND MILITARY PATTERN ROTORCRAFT (To be promulgated) ............................................................................ 3-8-1/3-8-2

CHAPTER 9 – UAVs (To be promulgated) ............................................................................. 3-9-1/3-9-2

CHAPTER 10 – AIRCRAFT ENGINES ............................................................................................ 3-10-1 3.10.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 3-10-1 3.10.2 Scope .......................................................................................................................... 3-10-1 3.10.3 Standards ................................................................................................................... 3-10-2 3.10.4 Guidance Information – Civil Certificated Propulsion Systems .................................. 3-10-4 3.10.5 Guidance Information – Civil Certificated Engines ..................................................... 3-10-4 3.10.6 Guidance Information – US DoD Military Qualified Engines ...................................... 3-10-4 3.10.7 Guidance Information – Selection of Airworthiness Design Standards ...................... 3-10-4 3.10.8 Guidance Information – Engine Structural Integrity Program (ENSIP) ...................... 3-10-5 3.10.9 Associated Publications and Standards ..................................................................... 3-10-5

CHAPTER 11 – PROPULSION SYSTEMS (PROPELLERS) (To be promulgated) ........... 3-11-1/3-11-2

CHAPTER 12 – MILITARY UNIQUE EQUIPMENT/APPLIANCES AND SYSTEMS (To be promulgated) ........................................................................ 3-12-1/3-12-2

CHAPTER 13 – EQUIPMENT/APPLIANCES WITH NO UNIQUE REQUIREMENTS (To be promulgated) ............................................... 3-13-1/3-13-2

PART 4 – GENERAL STANDARDS: TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING SPECIALTIES (To be promulgated) .......................................................................... 4-1/4-2

SECTION A – GENERAL (To be promulgated) ............................................................................ 4-A-1/4-A-2

CHAPTER 1 – HUMAN FACTORS ................................................................................................ 4-A-1-1

4.A.1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 4-A-1-1 4.A.1.2 Scope ......................................................................................................................... 4-A-1-1 4.A.1.3 Standards and Specifications .................................................................................... 4-A-1-1 4.A.1.4 Guidance Information – General ............................................................................... 4-A-1-5 4.A.1.5 Associated Publications and Standards .................................................................... 4-A-1-7

CHAPTER 2 – SURVIVABILITY AND VULNERABILITY (To be promulgated) ................................................................. 4-A-2-1/4-A-2-2



C-05-005-001/AG-002

Ch 1 – 2017-04-01 iv

CONTENTS (CONT)

PAGE

SECTION B – FLIGHT (To be promulgated) ................................................................................ 4-B-1/4-B-2

CHAPTER 1 – RESERVED (To be promulgated) ........................................................... 4-B-1-1/4-B-1-2

SECTION C – STRUCTURE (To be promulgated) ....................................................................... 4-C-1/4-C-2

CHAPTER 1 – STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY ................................................................................... 4-C-1-1

4.C.1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 4-C-1-1 4.C.1.2 Acceptable Standards for Aircraft Structure ............................................................. 4-C-1-1 4.C.1.3 Guidance Information – UK Military .......................................................................... 4-C-1-4 4.C.1.4 Guidance Information – US Military .......................................................................... 4-C-1-5 4.C.1.5 Guidance Information – CARs/FARs/JARs/CSs ...................................................... 4-C-1-6 4.C.1.6 Associated Publications and Standards ................................................................... 4-C-1-7

SECTION D – DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION (To be promulgated) ........................................ 4-D-1/4-D-2

CHAPTER 1 – CABIN SAFETY ........................................................................................ 4-D-1-1/4-D-1-2

4.D.1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 4-D-1-1/4-D-1-2 4.D.1.2 Scope ........................................................................................................... 4-D-1-1/4-D-1-2 4.D.1.3 Standards – Fire Protection ...................................................................................... 4-D-1-5 4.D.1.4 Crashworthiness ....................................................................................................... 4-D-1-7 4.D.1.5 Emergency Evacuation ........................................................................................... 4-D-1-10 4.D.1.6 Additional Safety Provisions ................................................................................... 4-D-1-13 4.D.1.7 Guidance Information – Flammability ..................................................................... 4-D-1-16 4.D.1.8 Guidance Information – Crashworthiness .............................................................. 4-D-1-17 4.D.1.9 Guidance Information – Emergency Evacuation .................................................... 4-D-1-18 4.D.1.10 Guidance Information – Additional Safety Provisions ............................................ 4-D-1-21 4.D.1.11 Guidance Information – Best Practices .................................................................. 4-D-1-21

SECTION E – FUEL SYSTEMS AND AUXILIARY POWER UNITS (To be promulgated) .......... 4-E-1/4-E-2

CHAPTER 1 – AIRCRAFT FUEL SYSTEMS .................................................................................. 4-E-1-1

4.E.1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 4-E-1-1 4.E.1.2 Scope ......................................................................................................................... 4-E-1-1 4.E.1.3 Standards .................................................................................................................. 4-E-1-1 4.E.1.4 Guidance Information – Propulsion System Certification .......................................... 4-E-1-2 4.E.1.5 Guidance Information – Fuel System ........................................................................ 4-E-1-2 4.E.1.6 Associated Publications and Standards .................................................................... 4-E-1-3

CHAPTER 2 – AIR TO AIR REFUELLING SYSTEM (To be promulgated) ....................4-E-2-1/4-E-2-2

SECTION F – AVIONICS AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT (To be promulgated) ..................... 4-F-1/4-F-2

CHAPTER 1 – SYSTEM SAFETY ................................................................................................... 4-F-1-1

4.F.1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 4-F-1-1 4.F.1.2 Standards .................................................................................................................. 4-F-1-1 4.F.1.3 General ...................................................................................................................... 4-F-1-2 4.F.1.4 System Safety Program Requirements ..................................................................... 4-F-1-4 4.F.1.5 System Safety Design Requirements ........................................................................ 4-F-1-5 4.F.1.6 Miscellaneous Non-Required Equipment .................................................................. 4-F-1-6 4.F.1.7 Type Design Changes ............................................................................................... 4-F-1-6 4.F.1.8 Associated Publications, Specifications and Standards ............................................ 4-F-1-6



C-05-005-001/AG-002

v Ch 1 – 2017-04-01

CONTENTS (CONT)

PAGE CHAPTER 2 – AVIONICS SYSTEM ENGINEERING

AND INTEGRATION (To be promulgated) ............................................................. 4-F-2-1/4-F-2-2

CHAPTER 3 – AIRBORNE SOFTWARE ........................................................................................ 4-F-3-1

4.F.3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 4-F-3-1 4.F.3.2 Standards .................................................................................................................. 4-F-3-1 4.F.3.3 Means of Demonstrating Compliance ....................................................................... 4-F-3-2 4.F.3.3.1 RTCA DO-178C Core Document ........................................................................... 4-F-3-2 4.F.3.3.2 RTCA DO-178C Supplements ............................................................................... 4-F-3-3 4.F.3.4 Use of Previously Acceptable Means of Compliance ................................................ 4-F-3-3 4.F.3.5 Means of Assessing Compliance .............................................................................. 4-F-3-4 4.F.3.6 Certification Liaison and Involvement ........................................................................ 4-F-3-4 4.F.3.7 Associated Publications and Standards .................................................................... 4-F-3-4

CHAPTER 4 – ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENTAL

EFFECTS (E3) PROTECTION ............................................................................................... 4-F-4-1

4.F.4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 4-F-4-1 4.F.4.2 Definitions .................................................................................................................. 4-F-4-1 4.F.4.3 Standards and Specifications .................................................................................... 4-F-4-1 4.F.4.4 Guidance Information – Notes on Best Practices ..................................................... 4-F-4-2 4.F.4.5 Guidance Information – E3 Control Program ............................................................ 4-F-4-2 4.F.4.6 Guidance Information – Miscellaneous Guidance ..................................................... 4-F-4-2 4.F.4.7 Guidance Information – E3 Protection Requirements ............................................... 4-F-4-3 4.F.4.8 Associated Publications and Standards .................................................................... 4-F-4-5

ANNEX A – NOTES ON BEST PRACTICES .................................................................. 4-F-4A-1

ANNEX B – ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS (E3) CONTROL PROGRAM ............................................................................................. 4-F-4B-1

ANNEX C – MISCELLANEOUS GUIDANCE .................................................................. 4-F-4C-1

CHAPTER 5 – RESERVED (To be promulgated) ............................................................ 4-F-5-1/4-F-5-2

CHAPTER 6 – AIRBORNE ELECTRONIC AND ELECTRICAL HARDWARE (To be promulgated) ......................................................................... 4-F-6-1/4-F-6-2

ANNEX A – HARDWARE DESIGN ASSURANCE LEVEL DEFINITIONS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS TO SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT ASSURANCE LEVELS (To be promulgated) ............. 4-F-6A-1/4-F-6A-2

ANNEX B – PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) ENVIRONMENTAL TEST AND CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS (To be promulgated) ...................... 4-F-6B-1/4-F-6B-2

ANNEX C – ENVIRONMENTAL TEST AND CERTIFICATION CRITERIA (To be promulgated) ............................................................... 4-F-6C-1/4-F-6C-2

CHAPTER 7 – FLIGHT ESSENTIAL AVIONICS (To be promulgated) ........................... 4-F-7-1/4-F-7-2

ANNEX A – NOTES ON BEST PRACTICES (To be promulgated) ............... 4-F-7A-1/4-F-7A-2




C-05-005-001/AG-002

Ch 1 – 2017-04-01 vi

CONTENTS (CONT)

PAGE


CHAPTER 10 – SURVEILLANCE AND MISSION AVIONICS SYSTEMS (To be promulgated).......................................................................... 4-F-10-1/4-F-10-2

ANNEX A – NOTES ON BEST PRACTICES (To be promulgated) ....................................................... 4-F-10A-1/4-F-10A-2

CHAPTER 11 – RESERVED (To be promulgated) ...................................................... 4-F-11-1/4-F-11-2

CHAPTER 12 – AIRCRAFT LIGHTING, INTERNAL/EXTERNAL AND NIGHT VISION IMAGING SYSTEM (NVIS) COMPATIBILITY (To be promulgated) ............................................................... 4-F-12-1/4-F-12-2

CHAPTER 13 – FLIGHT DATA RECORDERS (FDRs), COCKPIT VOICE RECORDERS (CVRs) .......................................................................................................... 4-F-13-1

4.F.13.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 4-F-13-1 4.F.13.2 Standards for FDR Systems .................................................................................... 4-F-13-1 4.F.13.3 Guidance Information – FDR Installation and Performance .................................... 4-F-13-2 4.F.13.4 Guidance Information – FDR Data Sources ............................................................ 4-F-13-3 4.F.13.5 Acceptable Standards for CVR Systems ................................................................. 4-F-13-3 4.F.13.6 Guidance Information – CVR Installation and Performance ................................... 4-F-13-3 4.F.13.7 Combined Voice and Flight Data Recorders ........................................................... 4-F-13-5 4.F.13.8 CVR Initial Installation ............................................................................................. 4-F-13-5 4.F.13.9 Follow-on Series CVR Installation ............................................................................. 4-F-13-5 4.F.13.10 Recording Playback ................................................................................................. 4-F-13-5 4.F.13.11 CVR Recording Evaluation Initial Standards ........................................................... 4-F-13-5 4.F.13.12 CVR In-service Requirements ................................................................................. 4-F-13-6 4.F.13.13 FDR/CVR Recording Playback Facility ................................................................... 4-F-13-6 4.F.13.14 Flight Manual ........................................................................................................... 4-F-13-6 4.F.13.15 Advisory Material ..................................................................................................... 4-F-13-6

CHAPTER 14 – EMERGENCY LOCATION TRANSMITTERS (ELTs) (To be promulgated) .................................................. 4-F-14-1/4-F-14-2

CHAPTER 15 – PITOT-STATIC SYSTEMS (To be promulgated) ............................... 4-F-15-1/4-F-15-2

CHAPTER 16 – ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, CONVERSION, DISTRIBUTION AND PROTECTION .................................................................................. 4-F-16-1

4.F.16.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 4-F-16-1 4.F.16.2 Acceptable Standards for Aircraft Electrical Systems ............................................. 4-F-16-1 4.F.16.3 Guidance Information – Electrical Power Generation ............................................. 4-F-16-5 4.F.16.4 Guidance Information – Electrical Power Distribution ............................................. 4-F-16-5 4.F.16.5 Guidance Information – Aircraft Electrical Load Analysis (ELA) ............................. 4-F-16-6 4.F.16.6 Guidance Information – Electrical Power Storage .................................................. 4-F-16-6 4.F.16.7 Associated Publications and Standards .................................................................. 4-F-16-8

ANNEX A – GUIDANCE INFORMATION FOR AIRCRAFT ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, STORAGE, DISTRIBUTION AND PROTECTION SYSTEMS .............................................................................. 4-F-16A-1



C-05-005-001/AG-002

vii Ch 1 – 2017-04-01

CONTENTS (CONT)

PAGE

ANNEX B – ADDITIONAL DND/CF WIRE REQUIREMENTS ...................................... 4-F-16B-1

ANNEX C – GUIDANCE INFORMATION FOR SEEKING TAA APPROVAL TO INTRODUCE A NEW WIRE TYPE INTO DND/CF AIRCRAFT ..................................................................... 4-F-16C-1/4-F-16C-2

ANNEX D – SPECIAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS FOR UNINHABITED AERIAL VEHICLES (UAVs) (To be promulgated) ............................................................................. 4-F-16D-1/4-F-16D-2

CHAPTER 17 – RESERVED (To be promulgated) ...................................................... 4-F-17-1/4-F-17-2

SECTION G – MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT (To be promulgated) ...................................... 4-G-1/4-G-2

CHAPTER 1 – AIRCRAFT TIRES .................................................................................................. 4-G-1-1

4.G.1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 4-G-1-1 4.G.1.2 Aerospace Elastomeric Materials ............................................................................. 4-G-1-1 4.G.1.3 Airworthiness Design Standards for Aircraft Tires.................................................... 4-G-1-1 4.G.1.4 Guidance Information – General .............................................................................. 4-G-1-1 4.G.1.5 Associated Publications and Standards ................................................................... 4-G-1-2

CHAPTER 2 – FLEXIBLE FUEL CELLS ....................................................................................... 4-G-2-1

4.G.2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 4-G-2-1 4.G.2.2 Aerospace Elastomeric Materials ............................................................................. 4-G-2-1 4.G.2.3 Airworthiness Design Standards for Flexible Fuel Cells .......................................... 4-G-2-1 4.G.2.4 Guidance Information – General .............................................................................. 4-G-2-2 4.G.2.5 Associated Publications and Standards ...................................................... 4-G-2-3/4-G-2-4

CHAPTER 3 – HEALTH AND USAGE MONITORING SYSTEMS (HUMS) FOR ROTORCRAFT ............................................................................................................. 4-G-3-1

4.G.3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 4-G-3-1 4.G.3.2 Definitions ................................................................................................................. 4-G-3-1 4.G.3.3 Standards ................................................................................................................. 4-G-3-1 4.G.3.4 Guidance Information – Certification of HUMS ........................................................ 4-G-3-2 4.G.3.5 Guidance Information – Certification Plan ................................................................ 4-G-3-3 4.G.3.6 Guidance Information – Data Analysis Management ............................................... 4-G-3-4 4.G.3.7 Guidance Information – HUMS Management Program ........................................... 4-G-3-5 4.G.3.8 Associated Publications and Standards ...................................................... 4-G-3-7/4-G-3-8

CHAPTER 4 – SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT TESTABILITY ....................................................... 4-G-4-1

4.G.4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 4-G-4-1 4.G.4.2 Standards ................................................................................................................. 4-G-4-1 4.G.4.3 Guidance Information – System Testability .............................................................. 4-G-4-1 4.G.4.4 Associated Publications and Standards ................................................................... 4-G-4-2

CHAPTER 5 – AEROSPACE RIGID TUBING ............................................................................... 4-G-5-1

4.G.5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 4-G-5-1 4.G.5.2 Airworthiness Design Standards .............................................................................. 4-G-5-1 4.G.5.3 Guidance Information – General .............................................................................. 4-G-5-2 4.G.5.4 Associated Publications and Standards ................................................................... 4-G-5-3



C-05-005-001/AG-002

Ch 1 – 2017-04-01 viii

CONTENTS (CONT)

PAGE

CHAPTER 6 – AVIATION LIFE SUPPORT EQUIPMENT ............................................................. 4-G-6-1

4.G.6.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 4-G-6-1 4.G.6.2 General Standards – ALSE General ........................................................................ 4-G-6-1 4.G.6.3 Guidance Information – General .............................................................................. 4-G-6-2 4.G.6.4 Guidance Information – Flame Resistance .............................................................. 4-G-6-2 4.G.6.5 Guidance Information – Static Dissipation/Anti-Static .............................................. 4-G-6-3 4.G.6.6 Guidance Information – Windblast ........................................................................... 4-G-6-3 4.G.6.7 Guidance Information – Installation/Compatibility Testing ....................................... 4-G-6-4 4.G.6.8 Guidance Information – Physiological Compatibility

(Mil-HDBK-516B Para 9.5.2) ................................................................................. 4-G-6-4 4.G.6.9 Guidance Information – Joint System Specification Guide ...................................... 4-G-6-4

ANNEX A – HELMETS .................................................................................................... 4-G-6A-1

ANNEX B – LIFE RAFTS ................................................................................................ 4-G-6B-1

ANNEX C – LIFE PRESERVERS/SURVIVAL VESTS ................................................... 4-G-6C-1

ANNEX D – EMERGENCY BREATHING SYSTEMS ..................................................... 4-G-6D-1

ANNEX E – IMMERSION SUITS ..................................................................................... 4-G-6E-1

ANNEX F – ANTI-G PROTECTION SYSTEMS .............................................................. 4-G-6F-1

ANNEX G – FIRST AID KITS/SURVIVAL KITS............................................................. 4-G-6G-1

ANNEX H – CHEMICAL DEFENCE EQUIPMENT ........................................ 4-G-6H-1/4-G-6H-2

ANNEX I – HARNESSES ................................................................................................. 4-G-6I-1

ANNEX J – ESCAPE SYSTEMS ...................................................................... 4-G-6J-1/4-G-6J-2

ANNEX K – PARACHUTES ............................................................................................ 4-G-6K-1

ANNEX L – OXYGEN SYSTEMS & MASKS .................................................................. 4-G-6L-1

SECTION H – OPERATING LIMITS AND INFORMATION (To be promulgated)........................ 4-H-1/4-H-2

CHAPTER 1 – RELIABILITY AND MAINTAINABILITY (To be promulgated) ............... 4-H-1-1/4-H-1-2

PART 5 – MATERIAL DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS (To be promulgated) ............................................................................................. 5-1/5-2

CHAPTER 1 – NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING (NDT) ...................................................................... 5-1-1

5.1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 5-1-1 5.1.2 Philosophy of NDT ........................................................................................................ 5-1-1 5.1.3 Application .................................................................................................................... 5-1-2 5.1.4 Definitions ..................................................................................................................... 5-1-3 5.1.5 Standards ..................................................................................................................... 5-1-3 5.1.6 Guidance Information – Rationale for Standards ......................................................... 5-1-3 5.1.7 Associated Publications and Standards ....................................................................... 5-1-4



C-05-005-001/AG-002

ix/x Ch 1 – 2017-04-01

CONTENTS (CONT)

PAGE CHAPTER 2 – MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS –

REFINISHING (To be promulgated) .............................................................................. 5-2-1/5-2-2

CHAPTER 3 – MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS – RESERVED (To be promulgated) ....................................................... 5-3-1/5-3-2



CHAPTER 6 – REPAIR DESIGNS (To be promulgated) ........................................................ 5-6-1/5-6-2

CHAPTER 7 – RF CABLE MAINTENANCE (To be promulgated) ......................................... 5-7-1/5-7-2

APPENDIX A – LIST OF ADSM ACRONYMS (To be promulgated) ....................................................... LA-1/LA-2

APPENDIX B – GLOSSARY OF TERMS (To be promulgated) .............................................................. GL-1/GL-2

INDEX (To be promulgated) ......................................................................................................... INDEX-1/INDEX-2



C-05-005-001/AG-002

xi/xii Ch 1 – 2017-04-01

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE 1.1.1 Differences between Design Standards and Technical Specifications ............................................ 1-1-3 1.2A.1 Sample of Layout of a Page in Chapters in the ADSM – Parts 3, 4 and 5 ........................ 1-2A-1/1-2A-2 2.1.1 Relationship of Design Standards .................................................................................................... 2-1-1 2.1.2 DND/CF Airworthiness Design Standards ....................................................................................... 2-1-3 2.2.1 Strengths and Weaknesses of US Military Standards ..................................................................... 2-2-3 2.3.1 Strengths and Weaknesses of FAA and TCCA Regulations ........................................................... 2-3-6 2.3.2 Strengths and Weaknesses of RTCA Documents ........................................................................... 2-3-8 3.1.1 ADSM Reference Material ...................................................................................................... 3-1-3/3-1-4 3.10.1 ADSM Reference Material ............................................................................................................. 3-10-6 4.A.1.1 Cross-Reference of Acceptable HF FARs .................................................................................... 4-A-1-6 4.A.1.2 ADSM Reference Material (5 Sheets) ........................................................................................... 4-A-1-7 4.C.1.1 ADSM Reference Material (3 Sheets) .......................................................................................... 4-C-1-7 4.D.1.1 Cabin Safety .................................................................................................................... 4-D-1-3/4-D-1-4 4.E.1.1 ADSM Reference Material (2 Sheets) ........................................................................................... 4-E-1-3 4.F.1.1 Generic System Safety Model ...................................................................................................... 4-F-1-4 4.F.4.1 ADSM Reference Material (3 Sheets) ........................................................................................... 4-F-4-6 4.F.13.1 ADSM Reference Material (3 Sheets) ......................................................................................... 4-F-13-7 4.F.16.1 ADSM Reference Material (4 Sheets) ......................................................................................... 4-F-16-9 4.F.16A.1 Guidance on Electrical System Capacity (3 Sheets) ............................................................... 4-F-16A-2 4.G.1.1 ADSM Reference Material ........................................................................................................... 4-G-1-2 4.G.2.1 ADSM Reference Material .............................................................................................. 4-G-2-3/4-G-2-4 4.G.3.1 Suggested Compliance Checklist ................................................................................................ 4-G-3-2 4.G.3.2 ADSM Reference Material .............................................................................................. 4-G-3-7/4-G-3-8 4.G.4.1 ADSM Reference Material ........................................................................................................... 4-G-4-2 4.G.5.1 ADSM Reference Material (2 Sheets) .......................................................................................... 4-G-5-3 5.1.1 ADSM Reference Material (2 Sheets) .............................................................................................. 5-1-4



C-05-005-001/AG-002

xiii Ch 1 – 2017-04-01

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE 3.1.1 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ......................................................................................... 3-1-1 3.1.2 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards .............................................................................................. 3-1-2 3.10.1 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ....................................................................................... 3-10-3 3.10.2 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards ............................................................................................ 3-10-3 4.A.1.1 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ...................................................................................... 4-A-1-2 4.A.1.2 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards ........................................................................................... 4-A-1-3 4.A.1.3 DND/CF Ratified International Airworthiness Design Standards .................................................. 4-A-1-4 4.C.1.1 General Airworthiness Design Standards .................................................................................... 4-C-1-2 4.C.1.2 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ..................................................................................... 4-C-1-2 4.C.1.3 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards .......................................................................................... 4-C-1-3 4.C.1.4 DND Ratified International Standards .......................................................................................... 4-C-1-4 4.D.1.1 Military Airworthiness Design Standards – Fire Protection .......................................................... 4-D-1-5 4.D.1.2 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards – Fire Protection .............................................................. 4-D-1-5 4.D.1.3 Military Airworthiness Guidance Material – Fire Protection ......................................................... 4-D-1-6 4.D.1.4 Civil Airworthiness Guidance Material – Fire Protection .............................................................. 4-D-1-6 4.D.1.5 Military Airworthiness Design Standards – Crashworthiness ...................................................... 4-D-1-8 4.D.1.6 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards – Crashworthiness ........................................................... 4-D-1-8 4.D.1.7 Military Airworthiness Guidance Material – Crashworthiness ...................................................... 4-D-1-9 4.D.1.8 Civil Airworthiness Guidance Material – Crashworthiness .......................................................... 4-D-1-9 4.D.1.9 Military Airworthiness Design Standards – Emergency Evacuation .......................................... 4-D-1-11 4.D.1.10 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards – Emergency Evacuation ............................................... 4-D-1-11 4.D.1.11 Military Airworthiness Guidance Material – Emergency Evacuation.......................................... 4-D-1-12 4.D.1.12 Civil Airworthiness Guidance Material – Emergency Evacuation .............................................. 4-D-1-13 4.D.1.13 Military Airworthiness Design Standards – Additional Safety Provisions .................................. 4-D-1-14 4.D.1.14 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards – Additional Safety Provisions ....................................... 4-D-1-14 4.D.1.15 Military Airworthiness Guidance Material – Additional Safety Provisions ................................. 4-D-1-15 4.D.1.16 Civil Airworthiness Guidance Material – Additional Safety Provisions ...................................... 4-D-1-15 4.E.1.1 Military Design Standards ............................................................................................................. 4-E-1-2 4.E.1.2 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards ........................................................................................... 4-E-1-2 4.E.1.3 DND/CF Ratified International Airworthiness Design Standards .................................................. 4-E-1-2 4.F.1.1 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ...................................................................................... 4-F-1-1 4.F.1.2 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards ........................................................................................... 4-F-1-2 4.F.1.3 Associated Publications and Standards ........................................................................................ 4-F-1-6 4.F.3.1 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ...................................................................................... 4-F-3-1 4.F.3.2 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards ........................................................................................... 4-F-3-2 4.F.3.3 Associated Publications and Standards ........................................................................................ 4-F-3-4 4.F.4.1 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards ........................................................................................... 4-F-4-2 4.F.4.2 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ...................................................................................... 4-F-4-2 4.F.13.1 FDR General Standards.............................................................................................................. 4-F-13-1 4.F.13.2 CVR General Standards ............................................................................................................. 4-F-13-3 4.F.16.1 General Standards ...................................................................................................................... 4-F-16-2 4.F.16.2 Electrical Generation, Conversion and Storage .......................................................................... 4-F-16-3 4.F.16.3 Distribution .................................................................................................................................. 4-F-16-4 4.F.16.4 Protection .................................................................................................................................... 4-F-16-5 4.G.1.1 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ..................................................................................... 4-G-1-1 4.G.1.2 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards .......................................................................................... 4-G-1-1 4.G.2.1 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ..................................................................................... 4-G-2-1 4.G.2.2 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards .......................................................................................... 4-G-2-1 4.G.3.1 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards .......................................................................................... 4-G-3-2 4.G.4.1 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ..................................................................................... 4-G-4-1 4.G.5.1 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ..................................................................................... 4-G-5-1 4.G.5.2 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards .......................................................................................... 4-G-5-1 4.G.6.1 General Airworthiness Design Standards .................................................................................... 4-G-6-1



C-05-005-001/AG-002

Ch 1 – 2017-04-01 xiv

LIST OF TABLES (Cont)

TABLE TITLE PAGE 4.G.6.2 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ..................................................................................... 4-G-6-2 4.G.6.3 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards .......................................................................................... 4-G-6-2 4.G.6.4 DND/CAF-Ratified International Standards ................................................................................. 4-G-6-2 4.G.6.5 Commercial Standards and Specifications .................................................................................. 4-G-6-2 4.G.6L.1 General Airworthiness Design Standards .................................................................................. 4-G-6L-1 4.G.6L.2 Military Airworthiness Design Standards ................................................................................... 4-G-6L-1 4.G.6L.3 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards ........................................................................................ 4-G-6L-2 4.G.6L.4 DND/CAF Ratified International Standards................................................................................ 4-G-6L-2 5.1.1 Civil Airworthiness Design Standards .............................................................................................. 5-1-3



C-05-005-001/AG-002

1-1/1-2

PART 1

INTRODUCTION



C-05-005-001/AG-002

1-1-1

PART 1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW

1.1.1 Background

1. The Airworthiness Design Standards Manual (ADSM) is a companion to the Technical Airworthiness Manual (TAM) and together they form the two key documents of the Department of National Defence (DND) Technical Airworthiness Program. The TAM contains rules and standards related to the Technical Airworthiness Program as a whole, while the ADSM provides details of airworthiness design standards relating to aeronautical products for use by the DND.

1.1.2 Purpose

1. The purpose of this manual is to identify the airworthiness design standards that are acceptable to the Technical Airworthiness Authority (TAA) for application to both new designs and proposed design changes to an approved design. These airworthiness design standards reflect an acceptable level of aviation safety within the Technical Airworthiness Program for military aeronautical products. The primary use of these standards is for the development of a Basis of Certification (BoC) for the certification of new aeronautical products or design changes to an approved type design.

2. The ADSM also provides guidance information relating to the selection and application of airworthiness design standards as they relate to the design, manufacture, maintenance and materiel support of military aeronautical products.

1.1.3 Scope

1. The ADSM addresses the primary airworthiness design standards, both civil and military, that may be applied to military aeronautical products regulated by the Technical Airworthiness Program. The BoC is a compendium of the airworthiness design standards that apply to a specific design application. This manual primarily deals with acceptable airworthiness design standards and non-mandatory guidance information. When the use of a particular standard is dictated by a document other than the ADSM (e.g., Canadian Forces Technical Order (CFTO), Defence Administrative Orders and Directive (DAOD), etc.), that standard will be clearly identified as “Mandatory”, and details of the document that specifies its use will also be quoted.

2. The guidance information accompanying the standards provides explanations or interpretations of the standards, examples of acceptable means of compliance and/or related general technical information.

3. In certain cases, specifications that represent “best practice”, such as capacity for future growth, may also be included, but this will be only an interim measure until they can be more readily or appropriately published elsewhere. Where such specifications are included, they will be clearly identified as being non-mandatory from an airworthiness standpoint.

1.1.4 Use of the Manual

1. During the development of a BoC and technical specifications for an aeronautical product design, suitable airworthiness design standards and other product requirement specifications will be utilized to define the design requirements. This applies to new designs or proposed design changes as per the stipulations in the TAM.

2. As a prerequisite to selection of applicable airworthiness design standards for a BoC, it is necessary, at a minimum, to have a formal and comprehensive Statement of Operating Intent (SOI) that defines the intended roles, missions, tasks, operating environment and usage spectrum. This information is used to drive the selection of design standards to be included in the BoC.

3. For Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) or extant military designs, the ADSM may be used to assess the acceptability or otherwise of standards used in those designs when considering them for incorporation into military products regulated under the Technical Airworthiness Program.



C-05-005-001/AG-002

1-1-2

4. It is common for design standards to be updated, especially as a result of identified or perceived weaknesses. It is therefore highly desirable that the latest version of a design standard should be applied to aeronautical products, particularly to new aeronautical designs. However, this may not always be practical, achievable or appropriate; e.g., when introducing new systems to old aircraft. Any proposal to use an older standard in place of a more current replacement or updated standard will need to be fully substantiated (refer to the TAM, Part 3, Chapter 2, Section 2 and the advisory material in Part 3, Chapter 2, Section 3).

5. Furthermore, if a design change cannot be made compliant with one or more requirements of the ADSM, or if it may not be prudent or practical to do so (e.g., imminent retirement of a fleet), then the TAA may grant an exemption against one or more of the requirements in accordance with the TAM, Part 2, Chapter 1, Section 2 or Part 3, Chapter 2, Section 2. Exemptions may not necessarily have an associated specific time limit, but neither are they usually intended to be indefinite. Therefore, action must be taken either to prepare plans to make the fleet compliant eventually or to review the exemption at a future date if circumstances change; e.g., fleet retirement delays, major upgrades, a flight safety requirement or new legislation.

1.1.5 Introduction to Standards and Specifications

1. For the purposes of this manual, the following interpretations of the two terms “standards” and “specifications” shall apply:

a. Standards. Standards are established requirements, both for the design and development of a range of products, that introduce consistency in the operation, manufacture, maintenance and materiel support of equipment and the delivery of related services. Airworthiness-related design standards that are applicable to aeronautical products regulated by the Technical Airworthiness Program are referred to as being “acceptable” airworthiness design standards.

b. Specifications. Specifications comprise a selection of standards, assembled and approved, that describe specific requirements for a particular design. Specifications are used as the basis for the procurement of technical equipment and services, and for the production of individual items ranging from machine screws to aircraft. Normally, a specification contains all the design goals for a specific product application; e.g., environment and operational use, and safety.

2. There may be a fine line dividing standards and specifications as published by various airworthiness authorities. Figure 1.1.1 describes some of the differences between the two.

1.1.6 Relationship between Standards and Specifications

1. Standards and specifications may exist as separate documents or may form part of a higher-level specification. In the long term, however, specifications may become de facto accepted airworthiness design standards if the product they describe becomes a standard fit in multiple applications. Often, specifications are invoked by a higher-level product specification in order to authorize the use of standard parts, such as common hardware (nuts, hoses, connectors, fasteners, etc.) and perhaps even larger sub-systems, as described in the TAM, Part 5, Chapter 4. These specifications are termed “general specifications” and were originally generated to meet particular project requirements. They have now become standard use items in a number of systems.



C-05-005-001/AG-002

1-1-3

Design Standards Technical Specifications

Provide designers with measurable criteria for product design and development.

Control basic engineering characteristics or parameters.

Are essential to achieve design objectives of repeatable performance, interchangeability, compatibility, reliability, maintainability and safety.

Generated to control variations and to document recurring requirements for products and processes.

Used to standardize one or more features of an item or function, such as size, value and configuration, that are not specific to an individual design and which require selection to suit any potential application.

Issued by a consensus standard organization.

Control the design of an individual product; e.g., bolt, Global Positioning System (GPS).

Generally issued by a product designer and/or customer.

Developed on a case-by-case basis, (in the case of DND, usually by the intended operator) depending on the product.

May provide a more complete description of a specific product for a discrete application.

May be a conglomeration of both standards and lower-level product specifications when blending lower-level items with higher-level items in a new design.

Provide a technically rigorous statement of a required design outcome.

May range from less than a page to volumes depending on product complexity.

Figure 1.1.1 Differences between Design Standards and Technical Specifications

2. There is, therefore, a degree of overlap between the application of specifications and standards making the distinction between each less apparent. The distinction between specifications and standards is further blurred where at times the military specifications have been used to specify general design requirements. Examples include MIL-D-19326H “Design and Installation of Liquid Oxygen Systems for Aircraft” and MIL-F-8785C “Flying Qualities of Piloted Aircraft”. These examples are more in line with the explanation of standards. Indeed, these two examples apply to all designs in the stated discipline and are not an attempt to control a single design in the way that a specification may.

1.1.7 Classification of Standards and Specifications

1. Standards and specifications may be classified in a variety of ways. They may be classified by their origin (e.g., military, civil airworthiness, commercial, foreign, international and local) or classified by what they document (e.g., product, process or materiel requirements). They may be classified as technical or non-technical, having a rigid or ad-hoc layout. These classifications are a means of identifying a particular subset of all standards or specifications under discussion. Certain classifications are used throughout this manual and are defined as follows:

a. Military Standards and Specifications. In the context of this manual, military standards and specifications are; e.g., those issued by either the US Department of Defence (DoD) or UK Ministry of Defence (MoD).

b. Civil Airworthiness Standards. These standards are issued by civil aviation regulatory authorities that are regarded by the TAA as competent, reliable and trustworthy. They include; e.g., standards issued by the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA) and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA).



C-05-005-001/AG-002

1-1-4

c. STANAGS. STANAGS are NATO Standardization Agreements issued by the NATO Military Agency for Standardization (MAS) Air Board. Several of these STANAGS have been ratified by the DND/CF for application on Canadian military equipment.

d. Air Standards. Air Standards are standard agreements issued by the Air and Space Interoperability Council (ASIC), formerly the Air Standardization Co-ordinating Committee (ASCC), which comprises representatives from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, UK and the USA. Several of these standards have been ratified by the DND/CF for application on Canadian military equipment.

e. Commercial Standards and Specifications. Commercial standards and specifications are issued by civilian consensus standardization organizations that may be standardization bodies or commercial associations. Examples of these organizations include:

(1) The Aerospace Industries Association (AIA).

(2) The American National Standards Institute (ANSI).

(3) The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).

(4) The International Standards Organization (ISO).

(5) RTCA Inc. (formerly the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics).

(6) The Society of Automotive Engineers International (SAE).

f. DND/CF Standards. A composite of commercial, military and/or indigenous standards and/or specifications adopted by the DND/CF for the purposes of reflecting unique Canadian requirements in military materiel or products for use by the DND/CF.



C-05-005-001/AG-002

1-2-1

PART 1

CHAPTER 2

AIRWORTHINESS DESIGN STANDARDS MANUAL (ADSM) CONTENT, LAYOUT, AND STYLE

1.2.1 General

1. The content of this ADSM reflects technical areas in design-related activities concerning aeronautical products. These technical areas must be considered for initial design development and for proposed design changes. Airworthiness design standards must be selected for intended or specific operational use and they will apply throughout the life cycle of an aeronautical product type.

2. The ADSM has two functions:

a. It details acceptable DND/CF Airworthiness Design Standards.

b. It provides guidance information and/or other details regarding the applicability of these standards and additional requirements and/or specifications for particular applications.

3. The ADSM is divided into five Parts, plus appendices. Details of the content of each Part are provided below.

1.2.2 Part 1 – Introduction

1. This Part contains four chapters:

a. Chapter 1, Introduction and Overview. This chapter provides a general insight into the context, scope and purpose of the ADSM.

b. Chapter 2, Airworthiness Design Standards Manual (ADSM) Content, Layout, and Style. This chapter establishes the format, structure, scope and content summary of each chapter in the ADSM. Annex A to this chapter is entitled “Sample Conventions and Layout of Chapters in the ADSM – Parts 3, 4, and 5”.

c. Chapter 3, Development of a Basis of Certification (BoC). This chapter defines a BoC and aims to explain the actions and interactions involved in establishing and completing a BoC for a new aircraft or for a major upgrade to an existing aircraft. A means of ensuring the visibility and tracking of significant airworthiness issues that arise during development is also provided.

d. Chapter 4, Preparation of DND/CF Specifications and Statements of Work for Airworthiness. This chapter stipulates the minimum requirements that must be included in a Specification.

1.2.3 Part 2 – General Airworthiness Design Standards

1. General. This part discusses the general strategy used within the Technical Airworthiness Program and by other major aviation regulatory authorities to assure airworthiness through the application of design standards. It also provides valuable information on the DND/CF acceptance of various airworthiness design standards and associated advisory information from around the world. Also addressed are the potential problems associated with certifying aeronautical product designs that have been certified as compliant with the airworthiness design standards issued by another airworthiness regulatory authority. In particular, the following issues are discussed:



C-05-005-001/AG-002

1-2-2

a. Chapter 1, Aeronautical Product Airworthiness Design Standards (General Guide). This chapter is a general guide for selecting appropriate airworthiness design standards for both initial design of and design changes on military aeronautical products regulated by the Technical Airworthiness Program. It also discusses the establishment of DND/CF airworthiness design standards through the adoption of standards issued by other military and civilian regulatory authorities and the DND/CF ratification of international standards.

b. Chapter 2, Military Airworthiness Design Standards. Major military design standards (e.g., the UK MoD DEF STAN 00-970 and the US military standards series) are discussed in this chapter, as well as international military standards (NATO STANAGS and ASIC Air Standards). Also explained in this chapter is how these military standards are to be used to establish airworthiness requirements. Inherent weaknesses and difficulties in applying such standards are also discussed.

c. Chapter 3, Civil Airworthiness Design Standards. A description of generally accepted civil aviation regulatory authorities' airworthiness design standards and their interrelation is described in this chapter.

1.2.4 Part 3 – Aeronautical Product Design Standards

1. Part 3 details airworthiness design standards for specific categories and types of aeronautical products. Each chapter in this part describes the acceptable airworthiness design standards pertaining to specific aeronautical product types, provides advisory information (e.g., the preferred means of compliance, interpretation of standards and information on applicability) and provides associated references to related standards and other sources of information on the topic involved. The chapter layout for these sections is shown in Annex A. Generally, each chapter begins with an introduction of the topic, then provides the applicable airworthiness design standards for the particular aeronautical product type and also guidance or advisory information to ensure proper interpretation of the standard, understanding of the rationale for the requirement and a method of verification or proof of compliance with the standard. This is followed by associated references on the topic.

2. Each chapter is written to cover a specific aeronautical product type, the exception being Chapter 2, which applies to all aircraft and engine types.

1.2.5 Part 4 – General Standards – Technology and Engineering Specialities

1. Part 4 of the ADSM concerns standards associated with technologies and engineering specialities, including integration of a system or multiple systems into an aircraft. The specialities include areas such as electromagnetic environmental effects, human factors engineering, structural integrity, systems safety programs and software development.

2. Part 4 also provides guidance on the standards, advisory information, standards interpretation, valuable information on the acceptance of other countries' airworthiness design standards and potential problems with using those airworthiness design standards in the various disciplines.

1.2.6 Part 5 – Material Design Specifications and Standards

1. Part 5 provides design specifications and standards (including common repair specifications and standards) that apply to both approved type design (type design description documents) and/or in-service aeronautical product.

1.2.7 List of Acronyms, Glossary, Cross-Reference and Index

1. The List of Acronyms and Glossary explain and define specialist terms and their use within the ADSM, many of which also appear in the TAM.



C-05-005-001/AG-002

1-2-3/1-2-4

2. The Cross-Reference provides a matrix illustrating connections between the various civil and military standards published by other organizations that are accepted by the TAA. This section will be helpful when civil and/or military design standards are considered for the basis of certification for a specific aeronautical product application.

3. The index facilitates the finding of key areas of interest, thereby allowing quicker access to pertinent information.

1.2.8 Manual Sponsorship and Amendment

1. The Director of Technical Airworthiness and Technical Support (DTAES) 2 is responsible for co-ordinating the content of the ADSM, which has been derived from a number of sources. However, individual OPIs (i.e., engineering specialists) are responsible for the development and technical content of specific chapters and sections within their sphere of expertise, as detailed in the Table of Contents.

2. This manual will be updated to maintain it as a source of valuable and accurate information for engineers and developers. Suggestions for amendments may be submitted using the AF9000 Plus, Proc