ageing and society presentation

8/2/2019 Ageing and Society Presentation

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Basic Social andDemographic Dimensions

of Ageing

Romeo B Lee, PhD

De La Salle University


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What do we mean bydemographic?

Population events

Fertility (crude birth rates, total fertility rate)Mortality (crude death rates, life expectancy)

Population size (absolute and relative)

Population composition (age, sex)


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Table 1. Computation of total fertility, gross reproductive and net reproductive rates forUganda

Agegroup

Number ofwomen

Number ofbirths

Probability ofsurviving Female births

Age-specificfertility rates

Age-specificfemale fertilityrates

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

15-19 936480 133901 0.977162 66294.3851 142.9832992 70.79103142 69.17431

20-24 815627 250361 0.969103 123953.7311 306.9552626 151.9735505 147.278

25-29 673084 204436 0.961921 101216.2636 303.7302922 150.3768677 144.6507

30-34 479915 122778 0.987933 60787.3878 255.8328037 126.6628211 125.1344

35-39 353079 67755 0.978291 33545.5005 191.897564 95.00848394 92.94594

40-44 280223 24275 0.967498 12018.5525 86.62743601 42.88924357 41.49526

45-49 233088 6089 0.950929 3014.6639 26.12318094 12.93358689 12.29892

1314.149839 650.6355851 632.9775

x5 x5 x5

6570.749193 3253.177926 3164.888

TFR=6570 births per 1000 women/6.6 births perwoman

GRR=3253 female births per 1000 women/3.3 femalebirths per woman

NRR=3165 female births per 1000 women/.2 female


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Population ageing is:Unprecedented: more older (60+/65+)thanyounger (


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Relative growth in the number ofolder persons

http://www.prb.org/Articles/2011/agingpopulationclocks.aspx

Shifts in population compositionby countries

http://visualization.geblogs.com/visualization/aging/


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Yemen: 15 years

Japan: 41 years

Niger: 20 years

Spain: 55 years


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Burgeoning number of the oldest-old (80+)

Currently, they are increasing at 3.8% a year,and constitute more than 10% of the total

population of older persons.

By 2050, the oldest-old will comprise 20% ofthe old.


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Potential Support Ratio (PSR):

the number of persons in 15-64 age

group for every one person aged 65+

1950-2009:12 to 9 people

By 2050: 4 people


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Gender Imbalance

2000: 63 million more women thanmen in the older persons category.

2000: 2-5 times more women than

men in the oldest-old category.


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FINLAND 1) 38 births, 32 deaths; 2) 38 births, 24 deaths, 3) 29 births, 17deaths, 4) 12 births, 10 deaths


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What do we mean by social?

Care and supportQuality of life at older age


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Health Care Issues Increasing demand for health care resources

Demand for the level and mix of servicesrequired

Decreasing supply side of health care

Shrinking supply of health workers due toageing labour force and retirements


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Living Arrangements Constellation, totality of services

Public welfare services

Private nursing homesFamilies taking care of their own

Community-based support groups


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What do we mean by social?

What it means to grow olderHow people age

Related social and culturalvalues, beliefs and norms

Self-assessments


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Older persons are generally respected,

but stereotyped as: (Andersen and Taylor, 2006)

Unhappy and evil

ForgetfulSet in their ways

MeddlesomeInactive, unproductive

Lonely

Mentally dim

Not interested in sex

Burden.


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The World Assemblies onAgeing highlight the goal of

providing older persons withthe opportunity to continuecontributing to society,

while calling for the need to

remove whatever excludes ordiscriminates against them.


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Activity Theory

Remaining active and engaged with society:pivotal to satisfaction.

Successful aging equals active aging.

Positive self-image: developing new interests,hobbies, roles, etc.

An older person should continue a middle-agedlifestyle, denying the limitations of old age as long

as possible.


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Continuity Theory

Life cycle/perspective

Personality, role activity, and basic patterns of behaviour

are consistent throughout life.

Older age is a continuation of the earlier life.

Life patterns, coping strategies and successful methods arerepeated in older age.

One becomes in late life as a product of a lifetime ofpersonal choices.

Active, healthy and positive lifestyles for life.


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Recap1. Absolute and and relative growths

2. Shifts in population composition3. Median age

4. Potential support ratio5. Gender imbalance

6. Demographic transition

7. Social support

8. Activity and continuity

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