adpc.ရပ္ရြာအေျချပဳ ရွာေဖြကယ္ဆယ္ေရး...

7/26/2019 ADPC.

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/adpc- 1/86

7/26/2019 ADPC.


þvufp Jpmtkyfudk

tajccH&S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;wGif avhusif hxm;aom&yf&G mapwemh0efxrf;rsm;twGuf &nf&G,fygonf/ &yf&G mvlxkonf

a'owGif;&Ed kifaom t&if;tjrpfrsm;ud k toH k;jyKvsuf &S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;rsm; aqmif&GufEd kif&ef

taxmuftuljyKygvdrf hrnf/

7/26/2019 ADPC.


Oa,smZOf

2008 ckESpfwGif jrefrmEk difiHod k U 0ifa&mufwd kufcd kufcJ haom em*pfrkefwd kif;onf jrefrmEk difiHord kif;wGif

tqdk;½Gm;qHk;obm0ab;qdk ; jzpfcJhonf/ xkdtjzpftysufonf obm0tEå&m,fwdkUrS vlwdkUtm;'ku©

tBuD;rm;qH k;ay;Ek difaMumif;ud k azmfjyaeayonf/ xk d Utjyif ¤if;tjzpftysufonf ab;tEÅ &m,fwd k Utm;Bud KwifumuG,f&efESif hab;tEÅ &m,f jzpfEk difonfh taMumif;w&m;wdk Uudk avQmhcs&eftwGuf aus;½G mtqifhrS

pwifvkyfaqmif&ef vd ktyfaMumif;ud krD;armif;xd k;jyaeayonf/

ord kif;tpOftvmt& jrefrmEk difiHwGif rkefwd kif;'Pf? a&vTrf;rd k;rI? rd k;acgifrI? qlemrD ESif h rD;ab;tEÅ &m,f

wd k Uusa&mufEk difacs½S dayonf/ em*pfrkefwd kif;\ oifcef;pmaMumif h jrefrmEk difiHtwGif; obm0ab;tEÅ &m,f

avQmhcsa&;vkyfief;rsm;vkyfaqmif&ef f tcGif htvrf;rsm;yGif hvmonf/

rnfonf hobm0ab;tEÅ &m,fwGifrqd k? yxrqH k;wkef Yjyefaqmif½Gufolrsm;rS mjynfol vlxkyifjzpfonf/jynfolvlxkonf olwd k UwwfEd kifoa½G Uenf;vrf;rsm;jzif h obm0ab;tEÅ &m,fusa&mufNyD; yxrem&Dyd kif;

twGif;wkef UjyefEk difMuonf/ xd k UaMumif h jynfolvlxk tajcjyK obm0ab;tEå&m,f Bud KwifumuG,fa&;onf

rnfonf hobm0 ab;tEÅ &m,favQmhcsa&;pDrHudef;wGifrqd k t"dutcef;u@rS yg0ifayonf/ jynfolvlxk

onf olwd k Uaexd kif&ma'o\ yx0Dtaetxm;? ab;uif;&ma½S mifwdef;onf hvrf;aMumif;? rdrd\ tm;omcsuf?

tm;enf;csufwd k Uud k od½S dem;vnf&efvd kayonf/ od k UrSom jynfolvlxk taejzif h obm0ab;tEÅ &m,fwd k Uuk d

xda&mufpG m &ifqd kifajz½Sif;Ek difayrnf/ xd kod k Ujzpfay: vmap&ef jynfolvlxkonf obm0ab;tEÅ &m,favQmhcs

umuG,fa&;vkyfief;pOfrsm;wGif wuf<upG myg0ifí qH k;jzwfcsufrsm;csrSwf&efvd ktyfayonf/

þod k Ujzif h jynfolvlxk\ obm0ab;tEÅ &m,f trsKd;rsKd;wd k Utm; &ifqd kifEk difpGrf;&nfud k jr§if hwifay;&ef

ESifh xda&mufpGmajz½Sif;onf h enf;pepfrsm;udkoifMum;ay;&ef tvGefvd ktyfvSonf/ xk dvkyfief;pOfud k

vkyfaqmif&eftwGuf jynfolvlxk tajcjyKab;tEÅ &m,f tuJjzwfrIrsm;? t&if;tjrpfjyajryH krsm;? aqG;aEG;

wd kifyifrIjzif h&vmonf h ab;tEÅ &m,f umuG,fa&;pDrHudef;rsm;ESif h jynfolvlxktwGif;½S d t&if;tjrpfESif h

tm;omcsufrsm;ud k jyifqifxm;rS omatmifjrifrI&Ek difayonf/

uRefawmftm;&pG mjzif h azmfjyvd konfrS m þvufpG Jpmtkyfonf vufawG Uvkyfief;pOfrsm;ay: tajcjyKí

jynfolvlxk\ tBuHjyKcsufrsm;jzif h jyKpkxm;jcif;jzpfayonf/ uRefawmf htaejzif h þuJ hod k UjynfolvlxktwGuf

obm0ab; tEÅ&m,fwd kUudkpepfwus xda&mufpG mwkef YjyefEdkifaprnfh vufpJ Gpmtkyfjzpfay:vmap&ef

yg0ifulnDcJ hMuonf h ukvor*¾tzJ G Utpnf;rsm;? jynfwGif; tifef*sDtd k? jynfytifef*sDtd krsm;ESif h ab;tEå&m,f

avQmhcsa&;tvkyftrIaqmiftzJG UwdkUtm; aus;Zl;wif½Sdygonf/ þvufpGJpmtkyfonf jynfolvlxk\

touftd k;tdrf? pnf;pdrfrsm;tm;xda&mufpG mumuG,fEk difa&;twGuf jynfolvlxk\ tm;enf;csufrsm;ud k

avQmhyg;apNyD;? tm;omcsufrsm;ud k jr§if hwifay;&ef taxmuftyh HjyKayonf/

7/26/2019 ADPC.


þvufpJ Gpmtkyfonf e,fy,ftrsd K;rsd K;½S d obm0ab;tEÅ &m,f avQmhcsa&; wm0ef xrf;aqmifaeonf h

yk*¾ d Kvfrsm;? jynfolvlxkrsm;ESif h oufqd kif&m tzJ G Utpnf;trsd K;rsd K; wd k UtwGuf obm0ab;tEÅ &m,f'Pfwd k Uud k

atmifjrifpG m &ifqd kifEd kifvmap&efESif h ab;tEÅ &m,fuif;vGwfonf h tem*wfud k wnfaqmufvmEd kifap&ef

vrf;ñTefay;Ed kifvdrf h rnf[k,H kMunfarQmfvif hygonf/

bD½I d;bD? yg&m*sKvD

Bishow B. Parajuli

Xmeud k,fpm;vS,f

,ltef'DyD (jrefrm)

7/26/2019 ADPC.


rmwdum

tcef;(1)

&yf&Gm tajcjyK & SmazGa&;ESif h u,fq,fa&;vkyfief; ed'gef;

1-1 aemufcHord kif; 11-2 &S mazGu,fq,fa&; qdkonfrS m tb,fenf;/ 11-3 &yf&G mtajcjyK &SmazGu,fq,fa&;udk aqmif&Guf&jcif;taMumif; 21-4 tajccHvdktyfonh f ypönf;ud&d,mrsm; 31-5 vufpG Jpmtkyf\ vTrf;jcHKrIESifh &nf&G,fcsuf 41-6 vufpG Jpmtkyfud k rdwfqufwifjyjcif; 4

tydkif; (2)

tajccHrlrsm;ESih f t duvkyfief;pOfrsm;

2-1 ta&;ygaom&S mazGu,fq,fa&;tajccHrlrsm; 62-2 &S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;pOf\ tajccHvkyfief;pOf (3) &yf 62-3 t"duxnf hoGif;pOf;pm;&ef tcsufrsm; 7

tydkif; (3)

a&jyif u,fq,fjcif;

3-1 a&epfjcif; vu©Pmrsm;ESih f a&epfrIjzpfpOf 83-2 a&jyif u,fq,fa&;raqmif&GufrD t"duxnf hoGif;pOf;pm;&rnf h

tcsufrsm; 93-3 a&epfoltm;u,fq,fa&;twGufenf;pepfrsm; 11

3-4

a&ay:wGif ay:Ed kifonfh ypönf;ud&d,mrsm; 14

tydkif; (4)

vQyfppfBudK;rsm;ESih f gwfBudK;rsm;\ tEÅ&m,frS u,fq,fjcif;

4-1 u,fq,fjcif; jyKvkyf&mwGif xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&ef tcsufrsm; 164-2 u,fq,f&rnhfenf;vrf; 16

7/26/2019 ADPC.


tydkif; (5)

rD;avmifjcif; - &yf&GmtajcjyK &SmazGu,fq,fa&;

5-1 tajccHrlrsm; 19

5-2

rD;avmifuRrf;rI trsKd;tpm;rsm; 195-3 rD;owfaq;bl;rsm;toH k;jyKí rD;jid §rf;owfjcif; 205-4 orm;½dk;usrD;Nidrf;owfonfhenf;pepfrsm; 225-5 rD;Nid §rf;owfEk difonh f tjcm;enf;pepfrsm; 23

tydkif; (6)

tajccH&SmazGa&;ESif h u,fq,fa&; - NydKusaeaomtaqmufttHk

6-1

xnf hoGif;pOf;pm;&rnfhtcsufrsm; 246-2 armif;wHESifh av;bufnDopfom;abmifud k toHk;jyKí u,fq,fjcif; 25

tcef;(7)

ajrjydKonfhtcgwGif jyKvkyfonfh &SmazGjcif;ESif h u,fq,fjcif;vkyfief;

7-1 ajrjyd Konf htcgwGif jyKvkyfonf h &S mazGjcif;ESif h u,fq,fjcif;vkyfief; 287-2 &yf&G mapwemh0efxrf;rsm;taejzifh rnfod k Y vkyfaqmifoif hoenf; 28

7-3

tu,fí ajrjyd Kusaeonf h ae&m&Sd vlrsm;twGuf rnfod kY vkyfaqmif&rnfenf; 29

tcef; 8

BudK;udk toHk;jyKí u,fq,fjcif; - BudK;xHk;rsm;

8-1 BudK;xH k;rdwfquf 308-2 BudK;xH k;trsd K;tpm;rsm;ESif h ¤if;wdk Uud ktoHk;jyKyH krsm; 308-3

BudK;ud kt&Sifcsnfenf;?taocsnfenf;rsm;ESifh¤if;wd k Uud ktoH k;jyKyH krsm; 33

tcef; 9

BudK;jzifh u,fq,fa&; vkyfaqmifjcif; (pufoD;rsm;)

9-1 pufoD; - rdwfquf 379-2 pufoD;trsdK;tpm;rsm; 37

7/26/2019 ADPC.


tydkif; (10)

tjrihfrS u,fq,fjcif;vkyfief;

10-1 tjrif hrS u,fq,fjcif; - rdwfquf 40

10-2

tqifoif h&mjzif h wpfae&mxJod k UavQmcsay;enf; 4010-3 ta&;ay:avSum;tm; tok H;jyKí u,fq,fjcif; 4110-4 avSum;tm; tokH;jyKí tvsm;vd kufu,fq,fenf; 42

tcef; (11)

vlemwifxrf;pifrsm;

11-1 ed'gef; 45

11-2

vlemwifxrf;piftrsd K;tpm;rsm; 4511-3 vlemwifxrf;pifjyKvkyfenf; 48

tcef;(12)

xdckduf'Pf&m&olrsm;tm; rjcif;ESif h a&TUajymif;jcif;

12-1 aemufcHtajctae 5012-2 cE¨ mud k,ftm; rSefuefpG m;xm;od kenf; 50

12-3

vlemrsm;ud k a&TUajymif;jcif; 5112-4 ta&;ay:a&TUajymif;jcif; 5212-5 ta&;ay:ajymif;a&T Uenf; trsdK;tpm;rsm; 5312-6 ta&;ay:r[kwfonf h ajymif;a&T Ujcif; 61

tcef; (13)

tajccHa&S;OD;olemjyKpkjcif;

13-1

a&S;OD;olemjyKpkenf; (DRABC ) 6313-2 touf½SL tm;uljyKpkjcif;ESif h ESvk H;zdES dyf EI d;qGjcif; 6413-3 qdk Ueifjcif;ESif h touf½S Lvrf;aMumif; ydwfqd kYjcif; 72

rSwfom;&efrsm; 75

7/26/2019 ADPC.


&yf&G mtajcjyK&S mazGu,fq,fa&; vufpGJpmtkyf

tyd kif ; (1)

&yf &G mtajcjyK&S mazGu,f q,fa&;vkyfief ; - ed'gef ;

1-1

aemufcHordkif;

jrefrmEdkifiHonf ajrivsif? qd kifuvkef;rkefwd kif;? rD;ab;tEÅ&m,f? a&BuD;jcif;ESifh ajrjydKjcif;tp&S daomab;tEÅ &m,frsm; jzpfay:avh&S dygonf/ tqd kyg ab;tEÅ &m,frsm;onfvlY toufaygif;rsm;pGmtjyifuG sJEG m;wd&pämefrsm;?td k;tdrf pnf;pdrftp&S donfwd kYqk H;½I H;

rIud k OD;wnfapEd kifygonf/2008ckESpfwGifjzpfyGm;cJhonf h em*pfqd kifuvkef;rkefwdkif;onfvlaygif;84537OD;aoqk H;apcJhjyD;?53836OD;aysmufqk H;apcJhygonf/xd k Ytjyiftd k;tdrfpnf;pdrf

pkpkaygif;cefYrSef;ajctar&duefa':vm 4.1bDvD,Hwefzdk;cef Y qkH;½I H;&ygonf/

Mud K;csnfenf;oifwef;ay;aeyH k

jrefrmEdkifiHtygt0ifurÇ mwpf0Srf;wGif jzpfyG m;aeonfh ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;wGif &yf&G mvlxk onf OD;qk H;wk HYjyefaqmif&Gufolrsm;jzpfjyD; &S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;wGif wpfwyfwpftm; yg0ifavh&S dygonf/ xd kok dYyg0if&mwGif tdrfeD;em;csif;rsm;? aqGrsd K;om;csif;rsm;?oli,fcsif;rsm;? vkyfazmfudkifzufrsm;? q&m^q&mrrsm;? vli,frsm;? apwemh0efxrf;rsm;

tp&Sdonfwd k Yyg0ifygonf/ xd kYaMumif hyifvQif OD;qk H;wk H Yjyefaqmif&Gufolrsm;jzpfonf h &yf&G mvlxktm; avhusif hoifMum;xm;&ef?pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§if hwifay;&ef ta&;BuD;ygonf/

1-2 &SmazGu,fq,fa&; qdkonfrSm tb,fenf;/

]]&S mazGu,fq,fa&;}}[lonf ha0g[m&uk dt"dyÜ g,ftrsd K;rsdK;zGif hqd kxm;ygonf/ 0DuDyD'D;,m;wGif]]&S mazGu,fq,fa&;}}qd konfudk ta&;ay:tajctaersm;üjyKvkyfay;onf hvkyfief;pOf wpf&yfjzpfjyD; wpfcgwpf&H aocsmpG m oifMum;yd k Ycsxm;onfh apwemh0efxrf;rsm;onf

vlolta&muftaygufenf;onf hae&m? od k Yr[kwf a&muf&S d&efcufcJonfhae&m wpfenf;

pmrsufES m - 1

7/26/2019 ADPC.



pmrsufES m - 2

tm;jzifh awmifwef;rsm;? oJuEÅ m&rsm; odk Yr[kwf awmrsm; odk Yr[kwf a&jyifwGifab;tEÅ &m,fESif h&ifqd kifae&onf? aysmufqk H;aeonf? rusef;rm jzpfaeonf od kYr[kwf'Pf&m&&S dxm;onf[k,lq&zG,f&S daom wpfpkHwpfOD;tm; &S mazGonf hvkyfief;[k t"dyÜg,f

zGif hqd kxm;ygonf/,ckvufpG JpmtkyfxJwGifrl]]ta&;ay:tajctaewpf&yfwGif tEÅ &m,fusa&mufaeolrsm;&S daeonf hae&mudkazmfxkwfjcif;?¤if;wdk Yud ktEÅ &m,frSz,f&Sm;jcif;?xdcdkuf'Pf&mud kjyKpkjcif;?oif havsmfaomusef;rma&;apmif ha&S mufrIXmeod kYyd k Yaqmifay;jcif;wd k Yud k&nfnTef;aomaqmif&Gufcsufrsm;}} 1 [laomt"dyÜ g,fzGif hqd kcsufudk toH k;jyKxm;ygonf/

1-3 &yf&GmtajcjyK&SmazGu,fq,fa&;udkaqmif&Guf&jcif;taMumif;

atmufazmfjyygtcsufrsm;onf &yf&G mtajcjyK &S mazGu,fq,fa&; vkyfief;pOftwGuf

pGrf;aqmif&nf jr §ifhwifay;&ef ta&;MuD;aMumif; azmfjyaeygonf/

(1) ab;tEÅ&m,fjzpfyG m;jyD;onf h yxrOD;qkH; wpfem&Duk d ]]a&Tem&D}} [kac:qd kjyD;tqdkygtcsdefwGif rawmfwqjzpfrIaMumif h xdcd kuf'Pf&m &&S dolrsm;ud k toufab;rSu,fq,fEd kifrI tjrif hqk H; jzpfygonf/

(2) ab;tEÅ&m,f jzpfyG m;aeonh ftcsdefwGif rdom;pk0ifrsm;? tdrfeD;em;csif;rsm;?

vkyfazmfud kifzufrsm;tp&S dolrsm;onf wpfOD;ud kwpfOD;ulnD&ef tvd ktavsmuf Bud K;pm;ygvdrf hrnf/xd kod k Yaqmif&Guf&mwGif pepfwus avhusih foifMum;xm;rIr&S dolrsm;onf tMuD;tus,f xdcd kufepfemrIrsm;pG m jzpfay:apEdkifaomaMumih f &yf&GmtwGif;pGrf;aqmifrIjr§ih fwif&ef ta&;BuD;ygonf/ Oyrm tm;jzih f ruúqDudkEd kifiHwGif ajrivsifjzpfyGm;cJ hpOfu pepfwus avhusif hoifMum;xm;rI r&Sdonh f apwemh0efxrf;rsm;onf toufaygif; 800 ausmf u,fwifEdkifcJ hygonf/ odk Yaomf tjcm;olrsm;ud k u,fwif&ef Bud K;pm;&if; tqk dyg

apwemh0efxrf;rsm;teuf 100ausmfaoqHk;cJ h&ygonf/2

xd kYaMumihf pepfwusoifMum;ydk YcsrI&Sdonh f &yf&G mvlxkudkpepfwusavhusif hxm;rnfqd kygu tqd kygtjzpfrsd K;rjzpfatmifwm;qD;Ed kifjcif;?okd Yr[kwf aoqH k;olta&twGuf avQmhcsjcif;rsm; jyKvkyfEk difrnfjzpfygonf/

(3) ab;tEÅ &m,fjzpfyG m;NyD;tajctaersm;wGif &S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;yrmPonftvGefyifBuD;rm;aomaMumihf uRrf;usifonh f &SmazGu,fq,fa&;tzGJ U0if

1 National Fire Protection Association,United States of America2 Community Emergency Response Team

7/26/2019 ADPC.



rsm;onf uef YowfcsdeftwGif; vd ktyfcsufud k jznhfqnf;ay;Edkif&ef tvGefyif cufcJygonf/

(4) ab;tEÅ&m,faMumih f wpfcgwpf&HwGif vrf;rsm;ydwfqdk Yjcif;? qufoG,fa&;

jywfawmufoGm;jcif; tp&Sdonfrsm; jzpfay:EdkifaomaMumih f rD;owfwyfzGJ U0ifrsm;taejzihf tcsdefrD ulnDaqmif&GufEk dif&ef Muef YMumrIrsm; &S dEd kifygonf/

(5) ab;tEÅ &m,fjzpfyGm;aepOftwGif; xdcd kufcH&onfh vltrsm;pkonf tqifhjrih f &S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;pOfrsm;xuf tajccHusonhf &S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;pOfrsm; vd ktyfygonf/

(6) &yf&GmtajcjyK&S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;? od kYr[kwf ab;tEÅ &m,fpDrHcef YcG J rIESih fqufpyfvsuf&S donhfvkyfief;pOfrsm;twGuf pGrf;aqmif&nfjr§ihfwifay;jcif;

jzif h Bud Kwifjyifqifa&;ESif h ab;tEÅ&m,favsmhyg;apa&;vkyfief;pOfrsm;wGif &yf&Gmvlxk\ vkyfief;wm0efESif htcef;u@ud k &yf&Gmvlxktm; today;jyD;jzpfygvdrfhrnf/

(7) avhusif hxm;aom&yf&G m&SmazGu,fq,fa&;tzG JUonf rD;owfOD;pD;Xme\wdk;csJ Utiftm;pkwpf&yftjzpf vkyfief;rsm;ud k aqmif&GufEk difrnfjzpfygonf/

1-4 tajccHvdktyfonhf ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;

ae&mtawmfrsm;rsm;wGif &yf&Gmrsm;taejzihf a'otwGif; tqifoihf &&SdEd kifonhf ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;udk toHk;jyKí pDrHcef YcG JrIjyKvkyf&rnf jzpfygonf/ od kY&mwGif &S mazGa&;ESih f u,fq,fa&;vkyfief;pOfrsm; jyKvkyfaqmif&Gufaeonh f yk*¾ d Kvfrsm;taejzih fatmufazmfjyyg tajccHusonh f t&if;tjrpfrsm;ESih f ud&d,mrsm;udk toH k;jyKEdkifygonf/

- avSum;rsm;

- Bud K;rsm;

- a*:jym;rsm;

- aygufcRef;rsm;

- oHwl&Gif;rsm;

- ykqdefrsm;

- oHrPdusnfawmufrsm;

-

opfom;ysOfjym;rsm;

pmrsufES m - 3

7/26/2019 ADPC.



- cg;ywfrsm;

- a&yd kufacgif;rsm;

- vuftdwftxlrsm;

- t0wftpm;txlESih f apmiftxlrsm;

- rD;wkwfrsm;

- a&S;OD;olemjyKaowåmrsm;

- pufoD;rsm;

- 0g;vH k;rsm;

-

toufu,fcg;ywfrsm;^a&ay:wGifay:Edkifonh f toufu,fypönf;rsm;- toufu,ftusÐrsm;

- avSrsm;

1-5

vufpGJpmtkyf\ vTrf;jcHKrIESih f &nf&G,fcsuf

a&S;OD;olemjyKpkjcif;onf &S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;pOf\ ta&;ygaom tpdwftyd kif;wpfckjzpfNyD; tcsKdUaomtajctaersm;wGif xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&Sdxm;onh f vlemrsm;tm;tjcm;aomaq;ukorIrsm;rjyKvkyfrD a&S;OD;olemjyKpkjcif;ud k jyKvkyfaqmif&Gufay;&ygrnf/þvufpG JpmtkyfwGif&yf&G mtajcjyKa&S;OD;olemjyKpkjcif;ud k tusOf;csKyfazmfjyxm;aomfvnf;&yf &GmtajcjyKa&S;OD ;olemjyKpk jcif ;vuf pGJ pmtkyf ESihf wG Jzufí toH k;jyKoG m;&ef tMuHjyKvdk ygonf/ ,ckvufpG Jpmtkyfonf tajccH&SmazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;twGuf avhusif h oifMum;xm;aom &yf&G mapwemh0efxrf;rsm;twGuf &nf&G,fygonf/ xd k Yjyif&yf&G mvlxk twGufyd krd kjynf YpH kaomMud KwifjyifqifrI&S d&efESifh f a'otwGif;&&S dEdkifonhft&if;tjrpfrsm;ud k

toHk;jyKí tajccH&SmazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;aqmif&Guf&ef taxmuftuljyKrnf jzpfygonf/vufpG Jpmtkyfonf&yf&G mrsm;taejzih ftajccH&SmazGu,fq,fa&;ud&d,mrsm;\oabmw&m;ESih ftoHk;0ifyH krsm;ud k em;vnfoabmaygufap&eftwGuf yHhyd k;ay;&efvnf;&nf&G,fygonf/ xd k Ytjyif &yf&G mtajcjyK&S mazGu,fq,fa&;oifwef;rsm; yd k Ycs&mwGifvnf;ud k;um;rIjyKEd kifonhf pm&Gufpmwrf;wpfck taejzihfvnf; toHk;jyKEd kifygonf/

1-6 vufpGJpmtkyfudkrdwfqufwifjyjcif;

þvufpG JpmtkyfwGif tyd kif;(13)yd kif; yg0ifygonf/

pmrsufES m - 4

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tyd kif; (1) ]&yf&G mtajcjyK&S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;-ed'gef;} wGif &yf&G mtajcjyK&S mazGu,fq,fa&; vufpG Jpmtkyf\ tajccHoabmw&m;rsm;? tusd K;taMumif;qufpyfrIrsm;? vTrf;jcHKEd kifrIudk azmfjyxm;ygonf/

tydkif; (2) ]tajccHrlrsm;ESih f t"duvkyfief;pOfrsm;} onf tajccHrlrsm;?t"duaqmif&Guf&rnf hvkyfief;pOffrsm;ESif h &SmazGu,fq,fa&;wGif xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&rnf h tcsufrsm; yg0ifygonf/tyd kif; (3) ]a&jyifu,fq,fjcif;} wGif tajccHrlrsm;? a&epfoltm; u,fq,f&mwGif t"duaqmif&Guf&rnfhvkyfief;tqifhrsm;yg0ifygonf/xd k Yjyif a&jyifu,fq,fa&;twGuf a'owGif;&&S dEdkifaomt&if;tjrpfrsm;ud k toH k;jyKyHkudkvnf; azmfjyxm;ygonf/tydkif; (4) ]vQyfppfBud K;rsm;ESif h"gwfBudK;rsm;\ tEå&m,frSu,fq,fjcif;} wGif vQyfppf

"gwfvdkufoltm; u,fq,f&mwGif t"duxnf hoGif;pOf;pm;&rnf h tcsufrsm;ESif hvQyfppf"gwfvdkufoltm; u,fq,f&rnf henf;vrf;rsm;udk azmfjyxm;ygonf/tyd kif; (5) ]rD;avmifjcif; - &yf&G mtajcjyK&SmazGu,fq,fa&;} wGif rD;avmifjcif;trsdK;tpm;rsm;?rD;owfaq;Al;toH k;jyKyHkESif htjcm;aomrD;ji§drf;owfonf henf;vrf;rsm;yg0if ygonf/tyd kif; (6) ]tajccH&SmazGu,fq,fa&; - Nyd KusaeaomtaqmuftOD} onf av;axmif hopfom;abmifESif harmif;wHESif hwH k;wd k Uud ktoH k;jyKí u,fwifonf henf;vrf;rsm;

ud k &Sif;vif;wifjyxm;ygonf/tydkif; (7) ]ajrjyd Kjcif;- &yf&G mtajcjyK&SmazGu,fq,fa&;} wGif ajrNyd KrIESif hywfoufítajccHusaom tEÅ&m,fvHkjcH Ka&;vkyfief;rsm;udk xnf hoGif;azmfjyxm;ygonf/tyd kif; (8) ]Bud K;jzif hu,fq,fjcif; - BudK;xH k;rsm;} wGif Bud K;xH k; trsdK;tpm; rsm;ESifh ¤if;wd k U\toH k;jyKyH krsm; yg0ifygonf/tyd kif; (9) ]Bud K;jzif hu,fq,fjcif; - pufoD;rsm;} wGif pufoD;jyKvkyf&mwGif yg0if&rnf htcsufrsm;ud k azmfjyxm;ygonf/tyd kif; (10) ]tjrihfrSu,fq,fjcif;vkyfief;} wGif tjrifhrS u,fq,fjcif; vkyfief;twGuf tajccHenf;vrf;tenf;i,fud k azmfjyxm;ygonf/tydkif; (11) ]vlemwifxrf;pifrsm;} wGif vlemwifxrf;piftrsdK;tpm;rsm;ESif h jyKvkyfyH k enf;vrf;rsm;udk azmfjyxm;ygonf/tyd kif; (12) ]xdcd kuf'Pf&m&olrsm;tm; r jcif;ESif h a&TUajymif;jcif;} wGif xdcdkuf'Pf&m&oltm; a&T Uajymif;o,f,l&rnf h enf;vrf;rsm; yg0ifygonf/

tydkif; (13) ]tajccHa&S;OD;olemjyKpkjcif;} wGif a&G;cs,fxm;aom a&S;OD;olemjyKpkenf;rsm;ud k azmfjyxm;ygonf/

pmrsufES m - 5

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tyd kif; (2)

tajccHrlrsm;ESihf t"duvkyf ief ;pOf rsm;

2-1

ta&;ygaom&SmazGu,fq,fa&;tajccHrlrsm;

&S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;pOf\ t"du&nf&G,fcsufrS m- u,fq,foltm; tcsdefwd kif;wGif vkHjcKHrI&Sdapjcif;?- tcsdefwdktwGif; vlta&twGuf trsm;qk H; u,fwifEd kifjcif;?- tEå&m,fusa&mufrIenf;olud k OD;pGm u,fwifjcif; wd kYjzpfygonf/

2-2 &SmazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;pOf\ vkyfief;tqifh (3) &yf

&S mazGa&;ESif h u,fq,fa&;wGif rwlnDonfh vkyfief;tqifh (3) &yfyg0ifjyD;? ,if;wdk Yud kaocsmpG m pDpOffí avhusif hrI MudKwifjyKvkyfxm;&rnf jzpfygonf/

tqifh(1) tuJjzwfokH;oyfjcif;wGif tajctaeudk tuJjzwfjcif;ESifh rnfonh ft&mud kvkyfaqmifrnfESif h tu,fí vkyfaqmifrnfqdkygu rnfuJhokd Y vkyfaqmifrnf wd kYudk qkH;jzwfjcif;wd k Y yg0ifygonf/ u,fq,frIwpf&yfud k aqmif&Guf frnfraqmif&Guf frnfqd konf h qkH;jzwfcsufonf -

- ab;tEÅ &m,faMumif hqufpyfjzpfay:Ed kifonfhxdcd kufqH k;&IH;Ed kifajc

-

ab;'PfcH&olta&twGuftrsm;qH k;twGuf taumif;qk H;jzpfaprnf qd kaom&nfrSef;csufud kaygufa&mufatmifjrifEdkifrI

wd k Ytay: tajccHí aqmif&Guf&rnf jzpfygonf/tqifh(2)

&SmazGjcif; - wGif ab;'PfcH&olwd kYud k &S mazGjcif;ESifh ¤if;wd kY\ wnfae&mudk rSwfwrff;xm;&Sdjcif;wd k Y yg0ifygonf/

tqifh(3) u,fq,fjcif; - wGif ab;'PfcH&olwd k Yud k u,fxkwfa&;ESif h ab;uif;&mod k Ya&T Uajymif;a&;qd kif&m vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;ESif h enf;vrf;rsm; yg0ifygonf/

rSwfom;&ef 1

&SmazGa&;vkyfief;rsm;aqmif&GufaepOf jzpfEdkifygu vufrsm;udk toH k;jyKyg/ a*:jym;rsm;ud ktoH k;jyKonh ftcgwGifxdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dxm;oltm; xyfrHí xdcd kuf'Pf&mrjzpfap&efowdxm; ud kifwG,f toH k;jyK&rnfjzpfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 6

7/26/2019 ADPC.



2-3

t du xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&eftcsufrsm;

tcif;jzpfyGm;&mae&mtm; qef;ppfavhvmyg – ab;tEÅ &m,f jzpfyGm;onh f ae&mrsm;wGif xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dxm;ol lrsm;? u,fq,folrsm; ESihf ab;rS&yfMunh folrsm;ud k tEÅ &m,f jzpfapEdkifonh f rD;avmifuRrf;rI? vQyfppf"gwfBud K;rsm; wG Javmif;usaerI? ypönf;rsm;vdrf husvmEd kifrI tp&S donfwk dY jzpfEk difajc &S dygonf/ xd kYaMumih f atmufygtcsufrsm;ud kxnf hoGif;pOf;pm;&ef ta&;BuD;ygonf/

(1) rnfonh ft&mrsm; jzpfysufcJ honf? rnfonf ht&mrsm; jzpfysufaeonfESih f rnfok d Y jzpfEdkifajc &S donf/

(2) tcif;jzpfyGm;&mae&mwGif ab;rS&yfMunh faeolrsm;onf rawmfwqjzpfrI

aMumihf xdcdkuf'Pf&m&&S dxm;onh f vlemrsm;tm; jyKpkjcif;? vlemwif,mOf?rD;owfXmeESihf &JXmewkd Ytm; ac:ay;jcif;? xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dxm;ol lrsm;tm;u,fq,fEd kif&ef tcif;jzpfyGm;&mae&mwGif &&S dEdkifonh fypönf;rsm;udk &S mazGay;jcif;rsm; jyKvkyfay;Ek difygonf/

(3) u,fq,folrsm;taejzifh xdcdkuf'Pf&m&&Sdxm;olrsm;\tultnDawmif;cHaeonhf atmf[pfoHrsm;? nnf;ñloHrsm;ESih f idkoHrsm;udk aocsmpGm em;axmif&efvd ktyfygonf/

(4)

aysufqH k;aeol\ eHrnftm; atmfac:yg/ tu,fí u,fq,folonfaysmufqH k;aeol\ eHrnfudk rod&S dygu wpfpH kwpfa,muf&S daeygovm;^vl&S dygovm; [k atmfajymyg/ aemufwpfBudrfxyfí ratmfac:rD wpfzufrSwHk UjyefrI ud k acwÅ cPrQ apmifhqd kif;yg/

(5) ntcsdefwGif u,fq,f&ygu rD;tdrfud k cg;atmufae&mrS ud kifaqmifyg/

rSwfom;&ef 2

u,fq,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;wGif u,fq,folonf ab;'PfcH&ol jzpfroG m;apoif hyg/

pmrsufES m - 7

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tyd kif ; (3)

a&jyif u,f q,f jcif;

jrefrmEdkifiHonf yifv,furf;½d k;wef;&Snfvsm;NyD;jrpfrsm;? a&tdkif frsm;? a&uefrsm;ponf h a&jyif{&d,mus,fjyefYojzih f a&BuD;jcif;ESihf rkefwd kif;'Da&vd S kif;rsm; usa&mufEd kifygonf/xd k YaMumih fa&jyifu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;onf &yf&G mtajcjyK&S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;twGuf tvGefta&;BuD;onh f tpdwftyk dif;wpfckjzpfygonf/

3-1

a&epfjcif; vu©Pmrsm;ESih f a&epfrIjzpfpOf

a&epfjcif;onf wdwfwqdwfvlowform; jzpfygonf/ a&epfaeolrsm;onf tultnD

awmif;cHjcif; rjyKEk difyg/ tb,faMumif hqd kaomf a&epfolrsm;onf ¤if;wdk Y xHwGif&S donh ftiftm;rsm;ud k touf½I&ef? okd Yr[kwf ¤if;wd kY\ OD;acgif;rsm;ud k a&rsufESmjyiftxufok d Yay:&ef Bud K;yrf;tm;xkwfaeMu&aomaMumih f jzpfygonf/ xdk Ytjyif a&rsm;onf touf½S Lvrf;aMumif; twGif;okd Y 0ifa&mufvmygu avvrf;aMumif;ud k ydwfqd kYouJ hodk Y jzpfapEdkifojzihf tultnDawmif;cH&ef yd krd kcufcJoGm;apygonf/

wpfpH kwpfOD; 'ku©a&mufaeonfudk azmfjyaomvu©Pmrsm;tm; owdrlyg/

-

a&epfaeolonf 4if;\ vufrsm;ud k xdef;csKyfrIr&S dbJ a0SU,rf;aejcif;?- a&ul;aeonh f taetxm;onf yHkrSefa&ul;aejcif; r[kwfonh f vIyf&S m;rIrsm;ud k

jyoaejcif;?- a&xJwGif rsufESm atmufpd kufaejcif;?- OD;acgif;wpfckwnf;om a&ay:wGif ay:aeNyD; yg;pyfyGif haeonh f taetxm;

jzpfaejcif;wk d Y jzpfygonf/

a&epfonf h jzpfpOf

-

yxrOD;pG ma&epfaeolonf xdwfvefYwkefvIyfjcif; ?odk Yr[kwf ½kef;uefvIyf&Sm;jcif;rsm; jzpfay:NyD;aemuf a&rsufES mjyifatmufxJok dY toufatmif hí epfjrKyfoG m;rIqufvufjzpfay:jcif;?

- a&atmufxJwGifa&muf&S daeygu (3)rdepftwGif; owdvpfrIpwifjzpfay:Ed kifjcif;?- (6)rdepfxufausmfvGefí OD;aES muftwGif;odk U atmufqD*sifra&mufygu OD;aES muf

xdcd kufysufpD;oGm;Ed kifjcif;?

ESvH k;onfvnf;rdepftenf;i,fcef Y atmufqD*sif jywfawmufoGm;ygu yHkrSefr[kwfonh f ESvH k;ckefrIjzpfay:apNyD;ESvH k;rSaoG;ñSpfxkwfjcif;ud kk[efYwm;rIjzpfay:apjcif; wdk Yjzpfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 8

7/26/2019 ADPC.



3-2

a&jyifu,fq,fa&;raqmif&GufrDt duxnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&rnfhtcsufrsm;

3-2-1 'Da&wufrI tajctae

tcsKd Uaom jrpf? jrpfqG,f acsmif;qG,f? jrpf0wd kYonf wpfcgwpf&HwGif tawmftwef

a0;uG monfh urf;ajc&S d 'Da&rsm;\ vTrf;rdk;jcif;ud kcH&wwfygonf/ a&twdrfteufonf wpfcgwpf&HwGiftvGefvsifjrefpG majymif;vJwwfygonf/'Da&usqif;jyD;aemuf ajcmufaoG UoG m;onf h ajrMuD;onf 'Da&jyefwufvmonf htcgwGif vsifjrefpG m a&vTrf;rd k;jcif; cH&Ed kifojzihf xGufaygufae&mrsm;ESih f ydwfqd k YjywfawmufoGm;jcif;?ok dYr[kwf wpfoD;wpfjcm;tquftoG,fjywfawmufoG m;jcif;r&S datmif a&S mif&S m;Ed kifa&;twGuf *½kjyK&rnf jzpfygonf/ a&pD;qif;rIEIef;onf t½S defr½Sd&mrS ½kwfw&ufjrefqefpG m pD;qif;EdkifNyD; a&pD;qif;rI

vrf;aMumif;onfvnf; ajymif;jyefjzpfoGm;Ed kifonf/ tqkdygajymif;vJrIrsm;onf tcsdefwd k twGif;jzpfay:avh&S dNyD;wpfaeYvQiftenf;qk H;(2)Mudrfcef Y jzpfay:EdkifzG,f&Sdygonf/ ,if;od k Yajymif;vJrIonf aeYpOfESif htrQ ajymif;vJoGm;Ed kifygonf/

3-2-2 a&t&Sdef

t&m0w¦ Kwpfckay:wGif usa&mufvsuf&Sdonf h a&t&S defonf a&pD;qif;onf h t&S defESif hwd kuf½d kuf qufpyfrI&Sdygonf/ wpfpuúefYvQif wpfrDwmEIef;jzifh pD;qif;onf h a&t&S defonf(teD;pyfqk H;wpfrDwmcefYteufwGif&Sdonfh ) vlwpfOD;\ ajcaxmufay:od k Y (8)uDvd k*&rf

tm; ESif h usa&mufEd kifygonf/ tu,fí a&pD;qif;rIonf wpfpuúef YvQif wpfrDwm\ESpfq ESpfrDwm jzpfygu a&t&S deftm;onf (4)q jzpfoG m;apjzif h (32) uDvd k*&rfjzpfay:apEdkifygonf/

a&pD;qif;rI (2) q = a&t&Sdef (4) q

rSwfom;&ef 3

a&wdrfaomfvnf;tvsiftjrefpD;qif;aeonf ha&xJwGifrwfwyf&yfjcif;onf tvGefyif tEÅ &m,frsm;Ed kifygonf/

3-2-3

tylcsdef

- avxk\tylcsdefud k xnf hoGif;pOf;pm;jcif;rjyKyJvsufyif at;aoma&jyifwGif a&ul;uG srf;usifolwpfOD;onfyif ud k,ftylcsdef tvGeftrif;usqif;jcif;aMumif h a&rul;Edkif onfh tajctaeod kY vsifjrefpG m a&muf&S dEd kifygonf/

pmrsufES m - 9

7/26/2019 ADPC.



- a&\xkxnfonfvnf; tylcsdefud k tusdK;oufa&mufapEdkifaomaMumifh a&eufvmonfESif h wpfjyd Kifeuf tylcsdefonfvnf; ydkrd kí at;pufvmygonf/

- tqdkygtylcsdefaMumif h touf&SifEd kifonfh tcsdefumvrS m ESpfrdepfcef UjzpfjyD; jzpfEd kif

zG,f&Sdonf h tusd K;qufrSm a&epfjcif;jzif h aoqk H;oG m;Edkifygonf/ EI dif;,SOfazmfjy&rnf qd kvQifa&ul;uefwpfckwGif&S d&rnf hty lcsdefrSm24rS28 'D*&D pifwD*&dwfcef U jzpfygonf/

3-2-4 0J*,ufrsm;

a&wd kufpm;xm;onfh ausmufwk H;MuD;rs m;? um; tp&S donf h twm;tqD;wpfck\ywfywfvnfwGif pD;qif;aeonfh a& tajctaersm;onf tqd kyg twm;tqD;\

taemufzufwGifrsm;aomtm;jzif h jidrfoufpG m

jzifhpD;qif;aejcif;?od kYr[kwf a&qefok dY jyefwuf pD;qif;oG m;Ed kifjcif;wdk Y&Sdaeygonf/

xd kYaMumifh tqd kyg twm;tqD;onf a&ul;aeol em;cd k&ef?odk Yr[kwf rawmfwqjzpfrIaMumif h xdcdkuf'Pf&m&&S doltm; urf;ajcay:okd YqJ Gac:Edkif&eftwGuf taxmuftyHhay;Ed kifonfh

taumif;qkH;ae&mwpfck jzpfygonf/ odk Y&mwGif a&xkxnfBuD;rm;onf h t&Sdeft[kefjzif h pD;qif;aeonf h jrpfrsm;wGif jzpfay:aeonfh 0 J*,ufrsm;onf vsifjrefpG m pD;qif;aejyD;vI dif;xefavh&S dygonf/

3-2-5 qnfrsm;^wmwrHrsm;? tydwf^tqdkY^ twm;tqD;rsm;

qnfrsm;^wmwrHrsm;wGif vsifjrefonf h t&S def t[kefjzifh a&rsm;pD;qif;aejcif;?ab;tEÅ &m,fjzpfapEdkifonfh a&pD;aMumif;rsm;? a&wdkufpm;rI rsm;&S djcif;? a&rsufES mjyiftajymif;tvJjzpfjcif;ESifh wefjyefqJ Gtm;^atmufqJGa&pD;rsm;&SdaeEdkif jcif;wdk Y yg0ifygonf/ tcsdKUaom qnfrsm;^wmwrHrsm;rSpD;qif;onf ha&rsm;aMumif hjzpfay:avh&S donf ha&wd kufpm;rIrsm;ud kavsmhyg;apa&;twGuf qnfrsm;^wmwrHrsm;rS a&usonf h ae&matmufwnf hwnf hwGif a&pD;qif;rIt&S deftm; avsmhyg;ap&ef ausmufwk H;?od k Yr[kwf

t*FawwkH;MuD;rsm;ud k tpOfvd kuf ae&mcsxm;avh&S dygonf/

pmrsufES m - 10

http://images.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.bway.net/~hchang/images/crystal2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://jbfishingclassic.blogspot.com/2007_04_01_archive.html&usg=__0oI7BEseoeW0oCOkcJK-7Sf_3nY=&h=216&w=288&sz=52&hl=en&start=78&um=1&tbnid=CHzZKIUl1-eClM:&tbnh=86&tbnw=115&prev=/images?q=eddies+water&ndsp=20&hl=en&rlz=1T4RNTN_enTH335TH336&sa=N&start=60&um=1









































http://images.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.oucom.ohiou.edu/tdi/topics_international_health/newfig4.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.oucom.ohiou.edu/tdi/topics_international_health/Onco_2.htm&usg=__vJZ71xCv9ZADCnh0ZzfLewwqAio=&h=270&w=400&sz=27&hl=en&start=1&um=1&tbnid=v1VmB4PPyLWTKM:&tbnh=84&tbnw=124&prev=/images?q=fast+flowing+water&hl=en&rlz=1T4RNTN_enTH335TH336&um=1










7/26/2019 ADPC.



qnfrsm;^wmwrHrsm;?od kYr[kwf tydwf? tqd kY twm;tqD;rsm; jyKvkyfxm;onf h ae&mteD;tem;wGif tvkyfvkyfolrsm;taejzif h txl;owdxm;NyD; tvkyfvkyfMu&ef tMuHjyKvk dygonf/

tqd kyg a&pD;aMumif;rsm;aMumifh a&xJwGif&S donf h vlwpfOD;tay: jzpfay:Ed kifonf hab;tEÅ &m,frsm;rSm tqd kygyk*¾ dKvfrsm;ud k a&qeftwd kif; qJ Gac:oG m;jyD; a&rsufESmjyif atmufod k Y qJG,ljcif;cH&Ed kifygonf/ xdY kaemuf tvGefa0;uG monfh acsmif;\ atmufydkif;wGif jyefvnfay:xGufvmEd kifonf f/

3-2-6 a&epfoltm; u,fq,fonfhjzpfpOfrsm;ESif h qufpyfvsuf&Sdonfh tjcm;ab;

tEÅ&m,frsm;

-

jrpfurf;pyfrsm;onf tvGefacsmEdkifojzihf u,fq,folrsm;taejzihf acsmfvJEd kif ygonf/

- ab;rS &yfMunfhaeol\ vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;ud k owdxm;yg/- a&epfaeolonf xdwfvef YrIjzpfaeEd kifygonf/- ae0ifqnf;qmtcsdefok dY a&muf&S doG m;rIaMumih f vH kavmufonhf rD;tvif;a&mif

r&&SdEd kifyg/

-

a&xJwGif tusKd;tyJhypönf;tptersm;? vJusxm;onh f opfyifrsm;ESih f cRefxufonh f t&m0w¬ Krsm;&SdEd kifygonf/

3-3

a&epfoltm;u,fq,fa&;twGufenf;pepfrsm;

3-3-1 vSrf;í qJGjcif;

- tqdkygenf;pepfonf a&epfol tm; a&xJrS ulnDqJ Gxkwfonf h

tcgwGifab;tuif;qkH;enf;jzpf ygonf/od kY&mwGif,if;od k Y jyKvkyf aqmif&Guf&efu,fq,frnf hol onf a&epfol\ teD;tem;ywf0ef;usifwGif&S dae&rnf jzpfygonf/xdk YaMumif h vSrf;qJ GrIjyKvkyfonf htcgwGif wkwfacsmif;t&Snf? vnfpD;? t0wftpm;?od k Yr[kwf ¤if;wd kYESifh tvm;

o@mefwlonf hypönf;rsm;ud k tokH;jyK&rnf jzpfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 11

7/26/2019 ADPC.



- txl;owdjyK&rnfrSm a&xJod k Y qJGcscH&jcif;ud k wm;qD;Ed kif&ef ajrjyifay:od k Y arS mufívJavsmif;jcif; ?od kYr[kwf wwfEd kiforQ udk,fudkedrfhí 0yfjcif;rsm; jyKvkyf&ygrnf/

3-3-2 a&xJwGif cufcJpGm ul;jzwfavQmufí vSrf;qJGjcif;

-

a&xJwGif cufcJpG m ul;jzwfavQmufjcif;rjyKvkyfrD a&\twdrfteufud k wkwfacsmif;&Snf?od k Yr[kwftvm;wlypönf;rsm;ud k tokH;jyKí prf;oyfppfaq;rI jyKvkyfyg/ tqdkygwkwfacsmif;tm; urf;ay;&eftoH k;jyKyg/

-

oifud k,fwd kif a&xJod k YusroGm;atmifurf;eHab;?od kYr[kwfwpfpk Hwpfcktm; jrJjrJud kifxm;yg/

3-3-3 vSrf;íypfjcif;

- þae&mwGifMud K;tm;tok H;jyKjcif;onf taumif;qkH;jzpfjyD; Mud K;udktok H;jyKí a&epfol

tm; urf;ay:odk Y?od k Yr[kwf avSay:od k Y vG,fulpG m qJ G,lEdkifygonf/- tjcm;enf;rS myvyfpwpf

*gvHyH k;tvGwf?abmvk H;?od kYr[kwfa&ay:ay:Ed kif onf htjcm;ypönf;rsm;udk ypfay;yg/xd kod kYjyKvkyfjcif;onfa&epfoltm;aemufxyf tultnDrsm;a&mufrvmrD tcsdeftxdepfjrKyfoGm;jcif;r&SdatmifulnDyHhyd k;ay;xm;ygvdrf hrnf/

pmrsufES m - 12

7/26/2019 ADPC.



3-3-4

avSmfcwfjcif;

- tu,fí oifonf avSay:wGif&S daeygu?

od kYr[kwf teD;tem;&SdavStm; tokH;jyKEdkif ygutqd kygavS\cwfwufrsm;udktoHk;jyKíavS mfcwfNyD;a&epfolteD;odk Y csOf;uyfyg/

od kYr[kwfteD;tem;&S d avStm; atmf[pfítultnDawmif;cHyg/txl;owdjyK&rnfhtcsufrS m oif htaejzifh a&\tajctaeud k xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&ef vdktyfygonf/

- a&epfoltm; avSay:odk Y qJ Gwifjcif; rjyKvkyf&yg/ tb,faMumif h qd kaomf tu,fí¤if;wd kYonf xdwfvefYwkefvIyfaeygu avSarSmufoGm;apEdkifaomaMumif h jzpfygonf/xd kod kYjyKvkyfrnfhtpm;a&epfoltm; Mud K;udkurf;ay;í urf;ajcod k Ya&mufatmif qJ Gac:

oG m;&rnf jzpfygonf/ avSay:wGif wyfqifxm;onf h armfwmpuftm; a&epfol teD;wGif tok H;rjyK&yg/ tb,faMumifhqd kaomf tqdkygarmfwmwGif wyfqifxm;onf h a&'vufrsm;aMumif h a&epfoltm; xdcdkuf'Pf&m&apEd kifaomaMumifh jzpfygonf/

3-3-5 a&ul;jcif;ESif h qJGac:jcif;

a&epfoltm; a&ul;í u,fq,fjcif;onf tvGefyif tEÅ &m,fMuD;ygonf/ xd kaMumifh tpGrf;ukef *½kjyKowdxm;jcif;onf ta&;BuD;ygonf/ a&rsufES mjyifatmufwGif&S donf h a&pD;aMumif;rsm;ESif htvGefat;pufaeonf ha&rsm;onfa&ul;tuG srf;usifqHk;olrsm;ud kyif tEdkif ,lEd kifaomaMumif hjzpfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 13

7/26/2019 ADPC.



a&xJrSqJ Gac:jcif;jyKvkyfonf htcgwGif u,fq,frnfholonf tvGefa&ul;uG srf;usif onf hyk*¾ d Kvfjzpf&ygrnf/ tu,fía&ul;uG srf;usiffrIr&Sdygu tqdkyg

u,fq,frIud k rjyKvkyf&yg/ a&epf olonf owdarhajrmjcif;r&S dyguu,fq,folu ¤if;tm; urf;ajc??od k Yr[kwfteD;qkH; ab;uif;onf h ae&modk Y a&muf&S datmif a&ul;íqJ Gac:aeonf htcsdefwGif BudK;ud kud kifcdkif;xm;&rnfjzpfygonf/

tu,fí a&epfolonf arhajrmaeygu tqdkyga&epfoltm; u,fq,folESifhtwl BudK;csnfí ac:aqmifoG m;&rnfjzpfygonf/- a&ul;onf htcgwGif wpfa,mufxJ rul;&yg/ oif hud ku,fwif&ef wpfpkHwpfa,muf

vd ktyfygvdrfhrnf/- tu,fípdwfrcsyguu,fq,folonfa&ay:wGifay:apEd kifonf h a&bl;? cg;ywf?

toufu,fabm? toufu,ftusÐwdk Uud k 0wfqif&ygrnf/

3-3

a&ay:wGif ay:Edkifonfh ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;

3-4-1 yvyfpwpfbl;

yvyfpwpfa&bl;wGJud ka&ay:ay:&ef toH k;jyKEk difygonf/ *gvHyH k;rsm;udkvnf; a&ay:wGifay:onf h ypönf;tjzpf toHk;jyKEd kifygonf/

a&bl;cg;ywf a&ay:ay:&ef*gvHyHk;rsm;

pmrsufES m - 14

7/26/2019 ADPC.



3-4-2

azmifjyKvkyfjcif;

azmifudkjyKvkyf&mwGif opfom;acsmif;trsm;tjym;ESifh ¤if;wd k Uudk csnfaES mif&ef Bud K;(od k Ur[kwf ) EG,fBudK;wd kU vd ktyfygonf/ azmifud k

jyKvkyf&eftwGuf 0g;onf taumif;qHk;aomypönf;jzpfygonf/0g;\ tacgif;aygufyg½S daom½d k;wHrsm;onfavjzih f jynh faeaomaMumif h a&wGif ay:Edkifyg onf/atmufbuf½S d ½d k;wHrsm;ud k avxGufoG m;&efESih f aygufuG JrIrjzpfay:ap&eftaygufazgufxm;ay;&rnf/azmifudk rjyKvkyfrD BuD;rm;aom 0g;ESpfvH k;ud k wpfvH k;ESifhwpfvHk;(8)aycGmícsxm;yg/ a&xJod k U tvG,fwul o,f,l&eftwGuf a&\teD;wGif

azmifudkjyKvkyfyg/ od k Uaomf 'Da&jzif h arsmygroG m;ap&eftwGuf a&ESifh odyfreD;ap&yg/

enf;vrf;

abmifud k yxrqH k;jyKvkyfyg/tqif h (1) - 0g;vH k;tBuD; (4)vHk;udk ,lyg/ 0g;vH k;(2)vHk;onf (4)aycef U &Snf&rnf jzpfNyD;usef0g;vH k; (2)vH k;onf (12)aycef U &Snf&ygrnf/tqif h (2) - &Snfaom0g;vHk;(2)vH k;ud k atmufajcwGifxm;yg/ pwk*HyH kjzpfap&eftwGuf

wd kaom0g;vH k;(2)vH k;ud ktay:wGifxm;yg/tqif h (3) - &Snfaom0g;vH k;rsm;ud k (4)aypDjcm;íxm;NyD;azmif\atmufajcNidrfap&ef aqmif&Gufyg/tqif h (4) - xd k0g;vHk;rsm;ud k Bud K; (odk Ur[kwf) EG,fBud K;jzif h wif;usyfpG mcsnfaES mifyg/xd ktcgwGif abmifwpfckud k &&S drnfjzpfjyD;azmif\ Murf;jyifud k pwifjyKvkyfyg/tqif h (5) - abmif\tay:wGif azmifwpfckvHk; tkyfrdonf hwd kifatmif0g;vH k;tao;rsm;ud k ab;csif; ,SOfxm;yg/tqif h (6) - tpGef;ESpfzufwGif aemufxyf0g;(4)vH k;pDud k tenf;i,fae&mcßefvSyfí csnfaE§mifay;&rnfjzpfonf/ta&;tBuD;qHk;tcsufrSm azmifud k prf;oyftoH k;jyK&eftwGuf a&xJodk Ucsí azmifay:od kU wufMunf hyg/azmifonfpdwfrcs&ygu¤if;ud k toH k;jyK&ef rBudK;pm;

ygESif h/

pmrsufES m - 15

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tyd kif ; (4)

vQyfppfBud K;rsm;ESih f "gwfBud K;rsm;\ tEÅ &m,frS u,f q,f jcif ;

vQyfppf"gwfBud K;rsm;rS"gwfMudK;rsm;rS"gwfvk dufjcif;aMumif htoufaoqH k;jcif;ESih fjyif;xefpG mxdcd kuf'Pf&m &jcif;rsm;ud kjzpfay:apEkdifygonf/ tajccHu,fq,fa&;enf;vrf;rsm;jzif h toufu,fEd kifygonf/

4-1

u,fq,fjcif; jyKvkyf&mwGif xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&ef tcsufrsm;

(1) vQyfppf0g,mBudK;tm;vHk;wGif vQyfppf"gwfpD;qif;aeonf[k,lqxm;yg/ vQyfppf 0g,mBud K;rsm;wGif rD;yG m;rsm; jzpfay:rI r&S djcif;onfvQyfppf"gwf pD;qif;apjcif; r&S d

[k azmfjyjcif;r[kwfyg/(2)

vQyfppf"gwfpD;qif;aeonh f 0g,mBud K;rsm;teD;wGif &S daeonh f a&rsm;onf v§syfppf0g,mBud K;uJ hod k UtEÅ &m,fjzpfapEd kifaomaMumif h owdjyK a&S mif&Sm;&ygrnf/xkd Ytjyif Ad kYtm;jrihf 0g,mBudK;rsm;ESih f xdpyfEdkifonh f tjcm;vQyful;ypönf;rsm;jzpfonh f oHwHcg;rsm;ESih f oHyef;rsm;udkvnf; a&S mifMuOf&ygrnf/

(3) ysufpD;aeonh f taqmuftODwGif vQyfppfpD;qif;rIr&S datmif yifrvQyfppf0ifonh fcvkwfud kydwf&ygrnf/ tqk dygcvkwfonf trsm;tm;jzih f rDwmyHk;xJwGif &S dygonf/

aocsmap&efvQyfppf'PfcHBud K;udk jzKwfxm;yg/(4) owdxm;ívSrf;jcif; - vQyfppf"gwfonf ajrBuD;tm; jzwfoef;í pD;qif;Ed kif

ygonf/ oifonf vQyfppf0g,mBudK;jywfusaeonh f ajrjyifay:wGif &yfaeyguajrjyifay:wGif vQyfpD;aMumif;jzwfoef;oG m;onfhae&mESifh oif hajcaxmuftaetxm;ay: rlwnfí vQyfppf"gwfvdkufjcif; cH&Edkifygonf/

(5) vQyfppf0g,mBud K;rsm;tm;vS D;jzwf? jzwfawmuf&ef rBud K;pm;ygESif h/(6) vQyfppf0g,mBud K;rsm;usaeonh f ae&mteD;wGif um;rsm;ESih fvlrsm;ud k &Sif;vif;

xm;&ygrnf/(7) vQyfppf0g,mBud K;rsm;ud k rjrifEd kifonhf nbufrsm;wGif txl;owdxm;í

aqmif&Guf&ygrnf/

4-2 u,fq,f&rnfenfhenf;vrf;

u,fq,frIrsm;rjyKvkyfrDvQyfppfrsm;ud kOD;pGmydwf&ef (ok dYr[kwf) xdcdkuf'Pf&m&&S dolteD;rS vQyfppf"gwfBud K;rsm;udk owdxm;í z,f&Sm;&ef (yH kud kMunh fyg) vd ktyfygonf/ ,if;od kY

jyKvkyfaqmif&Guf&mwGif oifud k,fwd kif f xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S drI rjzpfatmif a&S mif&S m; &eftxl;ta&;BuD;ygonf/

pmrsufES m - 16

7/26/2019 ADPC.



(1) ab;tEÅ &m,fjzpfay:rItm; &SmazGyg/

(2) vQyfppfyg0gtm; csufcsif;ydwfyg/ yvyfaygufwGif wyfqifxm;onf h yvyfacgif;tm; yvyfpwpftyd kif;ud k ud kifwG,fjyD; qG JjzKwfyg/ (ok d Yr[kwf) yifrvQyfppf 0ifonh f cvkwftm; ydwfyg/

(3) tu,fíoif htaejzih fvQyfppf"gwftm;ud kydwfjcif; rjyKvkyfEkdifygu atmufygyH ktwd kif; jyKvkyfaqmif&Guf&ygrnf/ yH kwGifjyxm;onh ftwd kif; vQyfppf"gwfvd kuf aeonhf vlESih fa0;&mok d Y 0g,mBud K;tm; z,f&Sm;vdkufyg/ oif htaejzih f ajcmufaoG Uaeonh fopfom;?puúLtxl (okd Yr[kwf) &mbmzdeyfpD;í rwfwyf&yfNyD; ajcmufaoG Uaeonhf wkwfacsmif; (Oyrm –wHjrufpnf;wH? 0g;vH k; (okd Yr[kwf ) puúLvdyfrsm;)ud k

pmrsufES m - 17

7/26/2019 ADPC.



toH k;jyKí vQyfppf0g,mBud K;ud k vQyfppf"gwfvdkufaeonhfvlESih f a0;&mokd Y z,f&Sm;vdkufyg/

rSwfom;&ef 4

oih fywf0ef;usifwGif&S donh f tEÅ &m,fjyKEd kifonhf vQyfppfyg0grsm;ud k tjrJ &S mazGyg/

pmrsufES m - 18

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tyd kif ; (5)

rD;avmif jcif; - &yf &G mtajcjyK&S mazGu,f q,f a&;

1996 ckESpf rS 2005 ckESpftwGif;udef;*Pef;rsm;t& jrefrmEdkifiH&Sd ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;teuf 70% rS m rD;ab;tEÅ&m,fjzpfygonf/ tqkdyg udef;*Pef;rsm;t& Zefe0g&DvrS arvwGif rD;avmifrItjzpfrsm;NyD; wpfESpfvQif ysrf;rQ rD;avmifrI 900 cef U jzpfyGm;avh&S dygonf/

5-1 tajccHrlrsm;

rD;avmifrIjzpfyG m;onh ftcg &yf&GmtajcjyK&S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;aqmif&Guf&mwGiftajccH&rnfhrlrsm;rS m –

- rD;avmifuRrf;rIonftenf;tusOf;omjzpfNyD; xdef;csKyfEd kifrSom rD;ud kNid§rf;owfjcif;?okd Yr[kwfu,fq,fjcif; jyKvkyf&ygrnf/

- oihftaejzih f tqdyfjzpfapwwfonh f rD;cd k;aiGUtEÅ &m,frS vHkjcH KrSom aqmif&Guf&ygrnf/

- oifhtwGuf vGwfajrmufEd kifonh f tajctae&S drSom aqmif&Guf&ygrnf/

5-2

rD;avmifuRrf;rI trsKd;tpm;rsm;

rD;avmifuRrf;rIud k trsKd;tpm; (5)rsKd; cG Jjcm;owfrSwfxm;NyD; ¤if;wd kYudk avmifpmtay:rlwnfí cG Jjcm;xm;ygonf -

- trsKd;tpm; (at) - opfom;? trI duf? puú LESihf tjcm;omrefypönf; rsm;rS avmifuRrf;onf hrD;

- trsKd;tpm; (bD ) - rD;avmifuRrf;Ek difonh f t&nfrsm; (wpfenf;tm; jzihf )

"gwfqD?'DZ,fqDESih ftdrfokwfaq;ponfwk dYrS avmifuRrf;onh frD;

- trsKd;tpm; (pD ) - vQyfppfud&d,mrsm;? x&efpfazmfrmrsm;ESih f tjcm;vQyfppfypönf;rsm;rS avmifuRrf;onh frD;

- trsKd;tpm; ('D ) - r*¾eDqD,rftp&S donh frD;avmifuRrf;Ed kifonh fowåKrsm;rS avmifuRrf;onh frD;

- trsKd;tpm; (au) - wd&pä mef [if;oD;[if;&GuftqDrsm; tp&Sdonfwk dYrS tajcjyKonh frD; wkd Yjzpfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 19

7/26/2019 ADPC.



rD;avmifuRrf;rI\ taMumif;&if;cHonf ¤if;rD;ud k Nidrf;owfEd kif&ef rnfod k UrnfyHk aqmif&Guf&rnfud k odapygonf/ rD;avmifuRrf;rItrsKd;rsKd; &SdouJ hok dY rD;owfaq;Al;trsdK;rsdK;&Sdygonf/ xd k YaMumif h rS m;,Gif;pG ma&G;cs,frdygu xda&mufrIr&Sdjcif;? xdcd kuf'Pf&m

&&S dEkdifjcif;?odk Yr[kwf rD;tm; yd krdkqdk;&G m;pG m avmifuRrf;apjcif;rsm; jzpfay:apEk difygonf/

5-3 rD;owfaq;bl;rsm;toHk;jyKírD;Nid §rf;owfjcif;

rD;owfaq;Al;rsm;onf rSefuefpG m toHk;jyKygu xda&mufrI&d Sonhf toufu,f

ud&d,mwpfckjzpfapEdkifygonf/ rD;owfaq;Al;rsm;onf trsKd;rsKd;uG Jjym;jcm;em;aeaomaMumih f rSefuefpG m a&G;cs,ftoHk;jyKEdkif&ef tvGefyif ta&;BuD;ygonf/ rD;owfaq;Al;rsm;wGif atmufazmfjyyg oauFwrsm;azmfjyxm;jcif; &S d-r&S d ud k pdppfyg/ rD;avmifuRrf;aeonhft&if;tjrpfud k Nid §rf;owfjcif;onf ysufpD;qH k;rItm; uefYowfEdkifjcif;ESih f &S mazGa&;vkyfief;pOfrsm;ud k xda&mufapjcif;wdk Y jzpfapEk difygonf/

rSwfom;&ef 5

rD;owfaq;bl;trsdK;tpm;udk rS m;,Gif;pG m a&G;cs,fjcif;onf aoapEd kifygonf/

rD;owfaq;Al;trsKd;tpm;rsm;

a&jzihfNid §rf;owfonhfrD;owfaq;Al;rsm; - aps;EIef;toufomqH k;ESihfus,fus,fjyef Yjyef YtoH k;jyKonhf rD;owfaq;Al;rsm; jzpfygonf/ ¤if;wd kYud k rD;avmifuRrf;rI(at)trsKd;tpm;wGif toH k;jyKygonf/ rD;avmifuRrf;rI(bD)trsKd;tpm;jzpfonh f t&nfaMumih f

avmifuRrf;jcif;?od kYr[kwfvQyfppfaMumif havmifuRrf;jcif;wkd YwGif toH k;jyK&ef roihfavsmfyg/

pmrsufES m - 20

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tjr§KyfjzihfNid §rf;owfonhfrD;owfaq;Al;rsm; - a&jzih fNid§rf;owfonh f rD;owfaq;Al;rsm;xuf aps;EIef;jrih frm;aomfvnf; yk drk dí bufpH ktoH k;jyKEd kifonh f ypönf;rsm; jzpfygonf/rD;avmifuRrf;rItrsKd;tpm;(at)ESihf(bD )wk dYwGif toH k;jyKygonf/ tjr§ Kyfjzihf Nid§rf;owfonh f

rD;owfaq;Al;rsm;ud k vQyfppfjzih f avmifuRrf;onh frD;rsm;ud k Nid §rf;owf&mwGif toHk;jyK&efroifhyg/ odk Y&mwGif vQyfppf"gwfpD;qif;aeonhf ud&d,mrsm;ay:odk Y rawmfwqyufjzef;rdygua&jzih fNid §rf;owfonh frD;owfaq;Al;rsm;xuf yd krdkí tEå&m,fuif; ygonf/umAGef'd kifatmufqdk'f gwfaiGU - vQyfppfypönf;ud&d,mrsm;aMumih f avmifuRrf;onh f rD;rsm;ud kNid §rf;owf&mwGif toH k;jyKonh f ud&d,mjzpfNyD; rD;avmifuRrf;rItrsKd;tpm;(bD )ud k Nid §rf;owf&mwGifyg toH k;jyKEk difygonf/ od k Y&mwGif rD;Nid§rf;owfNyD;aemuf rD;ab;tEÅ &m,f vH kjcH KpdwfcsrIud k ray;yg/ xk d Ytjyif rD;onf xyfrHí avmifuRrf;Ekdifygonf/

rD;owfaq;Al;rsm;udk rnfuJhokd Y rSefuefpGm toHk;jyK&rnfenf;/

PASS qdkonh f pum;vH k;ud k rSwfom;yg/

P (Pull) - peufwHud kqG Jyg/peufwHonfydwfxm;onfhpufud&d,mwpfckjzpfNyD;rD;owfaq;Al;tm; toHk;jyKEdkif&ef cGihfjyKay;onhf t&mvnf;jzpfygonf/

A (Aim) - atmufajcud k csdef&G,fyg/ rD;awmufrsm;tm; rcsdef&G,f&yg/rD;Nid §rf;owf&eftwGuf avmifuRrf;aeonh f avmifpmud k Nid §rf;owf&ef ta&;BuD;onfud k

owdjyKyg/

S (Squeeze)- armif;cvkwfud kñSpfyg/ xk dodk YjyKvkyfjcif;jzihf rD;owfaq;Al;twGif;&S d rD;Nid §rf;owfay;onh f t&mrsm;ud k xkwfvTwfay;ygonf/ tu,fí cvkwftm; rn§pfbJ vTwfvdkufygu xkwfvTwfay;rI &yfwef YoG m;ygvdrfhrnf/

S (Sweep)- wpfzufrSwpfzufok d Y a&GUvsm;jyD; Nid §rf;owfonh f vIyf&Sm;rIud k jyKvkyfaqmif&Gufyg/ rD;owfaq;Al;tm; rD;Nid §rf;owfrI rNyD;rcsif; ta&S UrStaemufod k Ya&GUvsm;yg/ rD;owfaq;Al;tm; cyfvSrf;vSrf;&S d ab;uif;onhfae&mrS pwiftoHk;jyKNyD;

rD;avmifuRrf;rI avsmhenf;vmygu rD;avmif&mod k U wjznf;jznf; csOf;uyfoG m;&rnf

pmrsufES m - 21

7/26/2019 ADPC.



jzpfygonf/ rD;owfaq;Al;wGif yg&S donhf vrf;ñTefcsufrsm;udk aocsmpGm zwf½Iavhvmyg/tb,faMumih fqd kaomf rD;owfaq;Al;trsKd;tpm;ay: rlwnfí rD;Nid §rf;owf&ef tMuHjyKxm;onh f tuGmta0;rsm; uG Jjym;aeaomaMumih f jzpfygonf/

rSwfom;&ef 6

rD;Nid§rf;owf&mwGif rD;awmufrsm;ud k rcsdefygESifh?atmufajcudkom csdefyg/

5-4

orm;½dk;usrD;Nidrf;owfonfh enf;pepfrsm;

jrefrmEd kifiHwGif or&d k;us rD;ji§ drf;owfonf henf;pepfrsm;ud k azmfxkwfxm;ygonf/

5-4-1

rD;csdwfESif hrD;uyf

rD;csdwfESifhrD;uyf

rD;csdwfud k jzd Kzsufjcif;?a&T Uajymif;jcif;? z,f&S m;jcif;rsm;wGif toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ rD;csdwfjyKvkyfyHk rS m (10ay? 15ay) cef U&Sd awmifhwif;cdkifrm

aom 0g;vH k;\xdyfwGif tvsm;(2aycGJ )cef h&S d oHcsdwftm; cdkifcH UjrJjrHpG m aMu;eef;Mud K;jzifh csnfaES mifxm;&rnf/ oHcsdwfaumuf\tus,fonf (6vufr) rS (6vufrcG J)cef Uxd &Sd&rnf/

pmrsufES m - 22

7/26/2019 ADPC.



5-4-2

*HkeDtdwf? a&yHk;?a&cGufESif hoJyHk;rsm;

*H keDtdwfud k a&yH k;?a&cGufrsm;?oJyH k;rsm; ESif Utwl rD;jidrf;owfa&;twGuf tqifoif h tvG,fwul

&&S dEdkifaom ae&mwGif xm;&Sdoif hygonf/

5-4-3 rD;½dkufwH

rD;&dkufwHud k yH kwGifjyxm;onfhtwd kif; 0g;vHk;?od kUr[kwf opfom;t&Snf3aycGJcef Uud ktoHk;jyKjyD; 2aycG Jcef U&Sd a&yufyd kuf (yvyfpwpf a&yd kuf )a[mif;tp(5pxufrenf;)udk tzsm;ü oGyfMudK;jzif hcsnfaES mifjcif;?od kUr[kwfoH&dkufjcif;?od k Ur[kwf yd kufuGif;uvpfjzifh zrf;xm;jcif;wd k Uudk jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/

5-5 rD;Nid §rf;owfEkdifonhf tjcm;enf;pep frsm;

- tu,fíoif htusÐrsm;tm; rD;pGJavmifygu rajy;&yg/ rD;awmufrsm;tm; avyih fay; ouJ hod kYjzpfNyD; rD;avmifuRrf;rIud k vsifjrefapEk difygonf/ xk dYaMumih f ajrjyif ay:od k Y csufcsif; vJ ScsNyD; rD;awmufrsm; rNidrf;rcsif; vd Srf h&rnfjzpfygonf/

- oifhtaejzihf tjcm;vlwpfa,muf rD;avmifaeonfudk awGU&S dygu tqkdygyk*¾ d Kvf tm; apmif? aumfaZm? cef;qD;? rsufESmokwfy0g ?odk Yr[kwf ukwftusÐrsm;jzih f ywfí rD;tm; Nid §rf;owfyg/ tu,fí tqdkyg yk*¾ d Kvftm; zH k;tkyf&ef ypönf;wpfpHkwpf&m r&S dygu ¤if;tm; zrf;qkyfí ajrBuD;ay:ok d Y wGef;vS JNyD; rD;awmufrsm;rNidrf;rcsif;vS drfhay;&rnf jzpfygonf/

- rD;avmifuRrf;xm;onhft0wftpm;rsm;udkBudK;pm;íz,f&Sm;yg/od k Y&mwGif OD;acgif;rSqGJcRwfjcif;rjyKvkyf&yg/ tu,fítqd kyg t0wftpm;rsm;onf ta&jym;ay:wGif uyfaeygu ud kifwG,fjcif; rjyKvkyf&yg/ usef;rma&;apmih fa&S mufonhf 0efxrf;tm;

csufcsif; awG UqHkNyD; rD;avmifuRrf;rItwGuf ukorIcH,lyg/

pmrsufES m - 23

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tyd kif ; (6)

tajccH&SmazGa&;ESif h u,fq,f a&; - Nyd Kusaeaomtaqmuf ttHk

ajrivsif? qdkifuvkef;? a&BuD;jcif;? ajrNyd Kjcif;? ponfwdk Uonf tzd k;wef vl Ytoufaygif;rsm;pG mtjyiftaqmufttH krsm;ud kvnf;zsufqD;ygonf/ eH&Hrsm;? wHcg;rsm;? opfom;jym;^ausmufjym;rsm;? opfyifrsm;? bD½d krsm;? tp&S donf h vJNydKusaeonfht&mrsm;atmufwGif vlrsm;ydwfrdaewwfygonf/ xd kolwdk U\tajctaeonf tao;pm;xdcdkufrIrS owdvpf arhajrmonftxd jzpfwwfygonf/ &yf&G mtajcjyK &SmazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;jzifh 'Pf&m&&S dol trsm;tjym;ud k u,fq,fEd kifygonf/

6-1

xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&rnfhtcsufrsm;

• ysufpD;aeonf htaqmuftODrsm;ESifh tjcm;taqmuftODrsm;ud k tEÅ &m,fjzpfEd kifajctenf;qk H;zufrSom csOf;uyf&ef/

• rawmfwqjzpfrIaMumih f aoaMu'Pf&m&olrsm;udk &S mazGonf htcgwGif tkwfusd K;tkwfyJ hrsm;ay:wGif rvd ktyfbJavQmufoG m;jcif;rjyK&ef? jyd Kusaeonf h taqmuftOD ESif htjcm;taqmuftOD;rsm;twGif;od kY 0ifa&mufjcif;rjyK&ef?qd k;qd k;&Gm;&G m; ysufqD;aeonf h taqmuftODrsm;ESifhjyd KvJEd kifzG,f&S donf h taqmuftODrsm;teD;wGif oG m;vmjcif; ?odk Yr[kwf &yfwefYaejcif; rjyK&ef/

• NydKusaeaom taqmuftOD;twGif;od kY 0ifa&mufaepOfwGif ab;uif;vHkjcKHa&;twGuf tjyifbufwGif vlwpfOD;udk csefxm;cJh&ef/

• taqmuftODrsm;twGif;ae&mrsm;ok dY 0ifa&mufaepOf tvif;a&mif &&S d&eftwGuf tumtuG,fr&S daom rD;rsm; (rD;wd kifrsm;? a&eHqD rD;wd kifrsm;) xGef;ñSdjcif;rjyK&ef/

• tEÅ &m,f&Sdaom taqmufttk HtwGif;od k Y 0ifa&mufaepOfwGif rsufE§ mMuufrsm;?

acgifrd k;rsm;ud k tNrJowdjyKppfaq;&ef/

• usOf;ajrmif;&Snfvsm;aomae&mrsm;twGif;?od k Yr[kwf Murf;cif;rsm;ay:wGifae&mwpfck xJü vltrsm;tjym; pka0raeap&ef/

• NydKvJEdkifaomeH&Hrsm;? odk Yr[kwf tjcm;aqmufvkyfa&;vkyfief;rsm;teD;odk Y oGm;a&muf jcif; rjyK&ef/

• ysufpDjyd KvJaeonh ftaqmuftODrsm;onf qufoG,frIr&S donh f tpdwftyd kif;rsm;ud k

pkyH kxm;jcif;omjzpfjcif;aMumif h(tu,fívd ktyfrSomvQif )owdxm;í oG m;&ef/

pmrsufES m - 24

7/26/2019 ADPC.



• ysufpD;jyd KvJaeonhf ae&m&S d tkwfusKd;tkwfyJ hrsm;udk z,f&S m;onh ftcg wGif ½kwfw&uf aqmif hqG Jjcif;? ud kifvIyfjcif;^ vIyfcgjcif; ?od kYr[kwf jyif;xefonh f xkESufjcif;rsm;tm;jyKvkyfcGif h ray;&ef/

•

ysufpD;,d k,Gif;aeonfrsm;ud k wpfppDjzd Kzsufonh ftcg? odk Yr[kwf &Sif;vif;a&; jyKvkyf onfhtcgrsm;wGif waiGUaiGUavmifuRrf;aeonf h ?od kYr[kwf rD;pG Javmifaeonf ht&m0w¦ Krsm;ud k a&S;OD;pGm ta0;od k YqGJxkwfoGm;jcif;? odk Yr[kwf rD;ji§ drf;owfjcif;rsm;jyKvkyf&ef/

• rD;avmifaeonf htcef;rsm;&S dwHcg;rsm;udk*½kwpd kufowdxm;jyD; zGifh&ef? rD;awmufrsm;?od kYr[kwfyljyif;onf h"gwfaiGUrsm;onf&kwfw&uft&S defESih fxGufvmEdkifaMumif;owdjyK&ef

•

rD;avmifuRrf;aeonf hae&mrsm;od k UoGm;a&mufonhftcgud k,fud katmufokd Yud kif;ñGwfíok dYr[kwf 'l;axmufí a&G Uvsm;rIjyKvkyf&ef/vd ktyfygu jywif;aygufrsm;onf tEÅ&m,fZkeftwGif;rS vsifjrefpGmxGufcG mEdkifjcif;aMumih f ¤if;wkd YteD;wGif jzpfEd kiforQae&ef/

• rD;avmifuRrf;aeonf h taqmuftODrsm;\ ajrwd kufcef;rsm;twGif;wGif umAGefrd k aemufqkd'f"gwfaiG U tajrmuftjrm;pkjyKHEd kifonh f tvm;tvm&S djcif;aMumih f tqd kygae&mrsm;wGif tcsdefMumjrif hpG m av0ifavxGufjcif;&S dapjyD;rS SomvQif 0ifa&muf&ef/

•

wl;azmfrIjyKvkyfaeonfhae&mwGif vQyfppf"gwfBudK;rsm;&S daeygu vQyfppf"gwfvd kufjcif;rjzpfatmifwm;qD;umuG,fEkdifa&;twGuftqdkygvQyfppf"gwfBud K;rsm;tm;a*:jym;rsm;ud k toHk;jyKí *&kwpd kuf owdxm;NyD; aumfxkwf fz,f&Sm;&ef?

• tu,fí vQyfppf"gwfMudK;rsm;ud k awG U&Sdygu aemufxyfysufpD;jcif f;? odk Yr[kwf aygufjyJjcif;rjzpfap&atmif,m,D&yfqd kif;xm;&ef?vQyfppfMud K;rsm;ay:odk Y wufeif;jcif;rjyK&ef/

6-2

armif;wHESif h av;bufnDopfom;abmifudk toHk;jyKí u,fq,fjcif;

tajctaetrsm;pkwGif ab;'PfcHae&olrsm;udk vGwfajrmufap&ef tusKd;tyJ h tysuftpD;rsm;udk a&T Uajymif;&efvd ktyfygonf/ ,if;tajctaersm;wGif u,fq,folrsm;taejzih f u,fq,fa&;vkyfief;jyD;pD;ap&ef tusKd;tyJ h?tysuftpD;rsm;ud k a&T Uajymif;&efESih f wnfNidrfatmifxdef;xm;&efwk d YtwGuf armif;wHESih fwkH;udktoH k;jyKí r jcif;ESih f av;buf nDopfom;abmiftm; toH k;jyKjcif; ponfwk d Yudk aqmif&Guf&ef pOf;pm;oih fygonf/

pmrsufES m - 25

7/26/2019 ADPC.



• armif;wHESih fwHk;udktoHk;jyKí r jcif; ud katmifjrifpG m jyKvkyfEd kif&ef a&T Uajymif;vd k onf h t&m0w¦ K\ atmufwGif ra&G YEd kifonfh t&m0w¦ Kwpfckud k vnfcsuftjzpf tokH;jyKjyD; armif;wHtm; oyf½d kufí rjcif;ud k qd kvd kygonf/ armif;wHtm;

vnfcsufay:rStm;jzifh zdES dyfonf h tcgwGif armif;wH\ wpfbuftpGef;wGif&S donf h t&m0w¦ Konf tay:od kY <uwufvmygvdrfhrnf/

• av;bufnDopfom;abmif qdkonfrSm yH hyd k;rIjyKvkyfay;Ed kif&efESifh awmifhwif;cdkifrmrI&S dap&efwdk YtwGuf tok H;jyKonfh av;bufnD opfom;abmif jzpfygonf/av;axmifhyk Ho@mef&Sdonfh opfom;abmif qd konfrSm opfom;wk H;rsm;tm;twJGvdkuf wpfvSnf hpD pDí wnfjidrfrI&S donf h av;bufnD opfom;abmif jzpfvmap&ef jyKvkyfjcif;ud k qd kvd kygonf/

6-2-1 armif;wHESif h wkH;udk tokH;jyKí r jcif;

armif;wHESif hwk H;ud ktok H;jyKonfhyk*¾d Kvf - eH&H\ atmufod kY vnfcsufESifh armif;wHtm;ae&mcsxm;&eftwGuf jyd KusysufpD;aeonf h eH&H\ tpGef;wpfbufa&S UwGif ae&m,l&ygrnf/

pmrsufES m - 26

7/26/2019 ADPC.



av;bufnDopfom;abmifjyKvkyfonf hyk*¾ dKvf - jyd KusysufpD;aeonf h eH&H\ wpfzufzufwGifaeí armif;wHjzih frí eH&H<uwufvmonf htcgwGif taxmuftuljzpfapa&;twGuf av;bufnDopfom;abmifrsm;ud k ae&mcsxm;ay;&ef jzpfygonf/

ab;'PfcHaeoltm;a&T Uajymif;ay;onfhyk*¾ dKvf - a½TYajymif;ay;aom yk*¾d Kvfonf ab;'PfcHae&onf hyk*¾ d Kvf\ OD;acgif;ESif h teD;qH k;wGif½Sdaom av;bufnD opfom;abmif jyKvkyfonfh yk*¾ dKvf\ ab;wGif ae&rnfjzpfonf/

6-2-2 av;axmifhyk Ho@mef&Sdonfh opfom;abmif

av;axmif hyk Ho@mef&S donfh opfom;abmif wnfaqmuf&mwGif vkyfaqmif&rnfh tqif h(4) qif hrS m -

tqifh 1 - jydKusysufpD;aeonf hae&m\ wpfzufzufwGif opfom;acsmif; (2)acsmif;tm;rsOf;jyd Kiftaetxm;jzifh ,SOfwJ Gí ae&mcsxm;&rnf jzpfygonf/tqifh 2 - aemufxyf opfom;acsmif; (2)acsmif;tm; tajcjyKxm;onf hopfom;acsmif;rsm;ay:odk Y axmif hrSeftaetxm;twdkif; uef Yvef Yjzwf ykHo@mefjyKvkyfíae&mcsxm;&rnf jzpfygonf/tqifh 3 ESifh 4 – jyKvkyfxm;jyD;cJ honfhtvT may:od kY axmifhrSef taetxm;twd kif;aemufxyf opfom;acsmif; tvT mrsm;ud k uef Yvef Yjzwf ykHo@mefjyKvkyfí

jznfhoG m;Ed kifygonf/

pmrsufES m - 27

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tcef ;(7)

ajrjyd Konf htcgwGif jyKvkyf onfh &S mazG jcif;ESif h u,f q,f jcif;vkyf ief ;

jrefrmEdkifiHwGif ajrNydKrItrsd K;rsd K;rsm; jzpfay:EdkifzG,f&S dygonf/ txl;ojzif h awmifxlxyf aoma'orsm;jzpfonfh jrefrmEdkifiH taemufyd kif;? awmifydkif;ESif h ta&S Uydkif;a'orsm;wGifjzpfavh&Sdygonf/ xdkaMumif h &S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;tygt0if &yf&Gmtqifh BudKwif jyifqifrIonf ta&;BuD;ygonf/

7-1 ajrjydKonfhtcgwGif jyKvkyfonfh &SmazGjcif;ESif h u,fq,fjcif; vkyfief;

a'oaevlxkrS ajrNydKEd kifrItEÅ &m,f&SdaMumif; owday;csuf&S dygu tqd kygvlrsm;?arG;jrLa&;wd&pä mefrsm;ESif h yd kifqdkifonf hypönf;rsm;ud k ab;uif;&mod k Y a&T Uajymif;rI jyKvkyfEd kif&ef pDpOfaqmif&Gufay;&rnf jzpfygonf/ txl;ojzif h oufMuD;&G,ftd krsm;onf h yk*¾ dKvfrsm;? uav;rsm;? roefpGrf;onf hyk*¾d Kvfrsm;ESifh a0;vHonf hae&mwGif wpfoD;wpfjcm;aexd kifolrsm;ud k ulnDEd kif&ef ta&;ay:apwemh0efxrf;rsm; tjrJyif vd ktyfygonf/

7-2 &yf&Gmapwemh0efxrf;rsm;taejzifh rnfodk Y vkyfaqmifoifhoenf;/

- tqd kyg ae&m&S d vlrsm;tm; ab;tEÅ &m,f taMumif;udk owday;yg/

-

ajrjyd KrIjzpfEdkifonf hae&mrsm;? od kYr[kwf &T H UEG Hrsm; pD;qif;onfhae&mESif h vrf;aMumif;rsm;udk tajccHí vlrsm;tm; ab;tEÅ &m,fuif;onfh ae&mrsm;od k Y a&TUajymif;&efvrf;ñTefrI jyKvkyfay;yg/ ab;tEÅ&m,f tuif;&Sif;qkH;ae&mud k owfrSwf&mwGif ajrjyd KusrIrjzpfyGm;ao;onfh awmifxdyfrsm;ESifhawmifukef;rsm;ud k a&G;cs,f&ygrnf/

- ab;uif;&mod kUoGm;&mwGif awmifukef;rsm;ay:od k Ywuf&onf htcgwGif awmifMum;rsm;? vQd Kapmif;rsm;? odk Yr[kwf ajrmif;rsm; twGif;odk Y oG m;a&mufjcif; rjyKvkyf&yg/tb,faMumif hqd kaomf ¤if;ae&mrsm;onf ajrjydKusonf h vrf;aMumif;rsm; jzpfoGm;Ed kifjcif;aMumif h jzpfygonf/

- vrf;wpfavQmufwGif vlrrmrsm;? oufMuD;&G,ftdkrsm;? roefpGrf;olrsm;? uav;oli,frsm;ESif h tm;tifenf;yg;onfh vlrsm;ud k ulnD apmif ha&S mufyg/

pmrsufES m - 28

7/26/2019 ADPC.



7-3 tu,fí ajrjydKusaeonfh ae&m&Sd vlrsm;twGuf rnfodk Y

vkyfaqmif&rnfenf;/ - taqmuftODrsm;ud k pGef Yxm;cJ hí awmifatmufodk Y ajymif;a&T Uyg/- ajrjyd KusrI aES;auG;oG m;ygu ajratmufrS ay:xGufvmonfh ausmufwk H;rsm;

(od k Yr[kwf f ) tjcm;tusdK;tyJ h tysuftpD; tptersm;onf qufvufí vdrfhusvmEd kifaomaMumif h owdxm; &rnf jzpfygonf/

- vsifjrefonfht&Sdefjzif h ajrjyd Kusjcif; &yfwef YoGm;onf htcgü jyif;xefonfh wkefcgrI wpf&yf jzpfvmEd kifonfud k odxm;&ygrnf/

- ajrjyd KusrI jyD;qk H;oGm;onf htcgwGif aemufxyfab;tEÅ &m,f jzpfyG m;Ed kifjcif;r&S daMumif;usdef;aorSomvQif vlrsm;tm; ¤if;wd kY\aetdrfod k Y jyefvnfajymif;a&T U

Ed kif&ef owdBuD;pG mxm;í

ulnDaqmif&Gufay;yg/- &S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;udk csufcsif; jyKvkyfaqmif&Gufyg/ rawmfwqjzpfrIaMumif h aoaMu'Pf&m&&S dolrsm;ud k &S mazGazmfxkwfí a&S;OD;olemjyKpkjcif;ud k jyKvkyfaqmif&Gufjcif;ESifhjzpfay:vmEdkifonfhrD;avmifjcif;uJhodk UaomaemufqufwJG ab;tEÅ &m,frsm;ud k xdef;csKyfrI jyKvkyfyg/

- oufqd kif&mtmPmyd kifrsm;xH jzpfyG m;cJhonf h jzpfpOfudk owif;ay;yd k Yyg/

pmrsufES m - 29

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tcef ; 8

Bud K;udk toHk;jyKí u,fq,f jcif ; - Bud K;xH k;rsm;

8-1

BudK;xHk;rdwfquf

BudK;onf ½SmazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;wGif t"duoHk;pG J&aom ypönf; jzpfygonf/tvG,fwul &½S dEd kifNyD;? trsd K;tpm;trsm;tjym; ½S dygonf/ tjcm;ypönf;ud&d,m^tultnD ryg½SdbJ ½SmazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;wGif Bud K;xH k;rsm;ud k toH k;jyKEd kifygonf/

BudK;xH k;rsm;onf u,fq,fa&;vkyfief; trsdK;rsdK;\ ta&;ygaom tpdwftyd kif;vnf;jzpfygonf/ ESpfaygif;rsm;pG mtwGif; Bud K;xHk;trsd K;tpm;(700)ausmf wDxGifxm;&m

tcsdKUrS m ½S mazGu,fq,fa&;vkyfief;wGif txl;toH k;0ifygonf/

rSwfom;&ef 7

Bud K;xHk;tm;vH k;wGif oD;jcm;&nf½G,fcsufrsm; ½S dMuygonf/ awG UMuH Kae&aomtajctaeESif h ud kufnDonf h Bud K;xH k;trsd K;tpm;ud k toH k;jyKwwf&ef ta&;BuD;ygonf/

u,fq,fol (od kUr[kwf) apwemh0efxrf;onf atmufazmfjyyg BudK;xH k;rsm;xH kk;enf;udk wwfuRrf;NyD; tNrJavhusif hjcif;jzif h vsifjref uRrf;usifpG m xH k;wwfaponf/ Bud K;xHk;rsm;ud k tNrJwap wif;atmifcsnfvsuf roH k;rDwGif ppfaq;Munfh½I&ygrnf/ tMurf; tm;jzif h BudK;xH k;rS m royf&yfyJ rSefuefonf hyHkpHray:vQif csnfaES mifyHk rS m;,Gif;aeNyD[k odEk dif ygonf/

BudK;xH k;rsm;onf BudK;\ tiftm;ud k enf;yg;apygonf/ 25% (od kUr[kwf) 50%(od k Ur[kwf ) xd k Uxufyd kíyif BudK;ud k tm;enf;apygonf/

8-2

BudK;xHk;trsdK;tpm;rsm;ESif h ¤if;wdkUudktoHk;jyKyHkrsm;

8-1-1 Over Hand knot -

vufydkufcsnfenf;Thumb Knot [kvnf;ac:onf/ zkxH k; tjzpf toH k;jyKygonf/

pmrsufES m - 30

7/26/2019 ADPC.



rD;owfyd kufrsm; toHk;jyKpOf aygufuG JoGm;ygu 4if;yd kuf \ tzsm;bufwGif þenf;jzif h csnfaES mif&ef jzpfygonf/

8-1-2

Eight knot - t*Fvdyf tu©&m &Spf*Pef;yH k csnfenf;

MudK;ESif h av;vHaomypönf;rsm;ud k csnfcsonf h tcg avQmrxGufap&efMudK;ptqHk;wGif cd kifcH Uaom zkxH k;tjzpf csnfenf;jzpfonf/

8-1-3 Reef knot - &Gufvdyfcsnfenf;

vH k;ywfwlnDaom Mud K;ESpfacsmif;udk quf&mwGifoH k;onf/ tvG,fwuljyefjzKwf,lEd kifaomenf; jzpfonf/

pmrsufES m - 31

7/26/2019 ADPC.



8-1-4 Chair knot - ukvm;xd kifyH k csnfenf;

vlemrsm; tjrifhrS csonf htcg oHk;onf/

8-1-5

Sheepshank knot - Mud K;tm;jznfhcsnfenf;MudK;onf &SnfvGef;í wd kwd k oH k;csifvQifjzpfap? wpfae&mwGif jywfusEdkifojzif h yd kícd kifcH Uap&ef tm;jznf hcsnfenf; jzpfonf/

pmrsufES m - 32

7/26/2019 ADPC.



8-3

BudK;udkt&Sifcsnfenf;?taocsnfenf;rsm;ESif h¤if;wdkUudktoHk;jyKyHkrsm;

rsufESmjyifvH k;aomt&m0wÅ Krsm;ud k wpfywfywfNyD;csnfjcif;? jyefjzKwfvQifvnf;tvG,fwul jzKwfEd kifaomcsnfenf;udk t&Sifcsnfenf;[kac:onf/

8-1-6 Half Hitch - wpf0ufcsnfenf;MudK;csnfenf;tm;vHk;\ tp tajccHcsnfenf; jzpfonf/ vH k;0ef;&Snfvsm;aom rD;csdwf?a&yd kufrsm; twiftcs jyKvkyfaomtcgtzsm;ydkif; wpf0ufcsnf? t&if;yd kif;wGifvnf; wpf0ufcsnfjyD;twiftcs jyKvkyfonf/ a&wGif;xJodk U a&pkyfydkufcsaomtcgrsdK;üvnf; oH k;onf/

8-1-7 Clove Hitch - bl;vufoD;cwfcsnfenf;þenf;onf Mud K;tpud k toH k;rjyKyJ MudK;\tv,fudk toH k;jyKvk du toHk;jyKEd kifonf/ wpf0ufcsnfenf; ESpfcg

xyfvkdufygu bl;vufoD;cwfcsnfenf; jzpfonf/ ypönf;rsm;txyfxyfod k U wifvdkaomtcg toH k;jyKygonf/

8-1-8 Rolling Hitch - opfvHk;csnfcsnfenf;

rD;owfaq;Al;rsm;ud k txufxyfod kU wifvdkonf htcg rD;owfaq;Al;\ atmufydkif;uk d opfvHk;csnfcsnfenf;jzif h csnfaES mifjyD; txufydkif;ud k wpf0ufcsnfenf;jzif h csnfíqG JwifEd kifonf/apmif;íqG Jaomfvnf;acsmrxGufEd kifaomenf;jzpfonf/

pmrsufES m - 33

7/26/2019 ADPC.



8-1-9 Timber Hitch - apmif;Mud K;owfcsnfenf;opfvHk;paom yH ko@mefrrSefaom t&m0w¦ Krsm;udk txufxyfod kU r wif&ef oH k;onf/

8-1-10 Round turn and two Half Hitch -

wpfywfvQKdESif h wpf0ufESpfcgcsnfenf;

ausmufMudK;ponfh ud&d,mwGif oabF mrsm; qd kufuyf onf htcgcsnfaES mif&efoH k;onf/ ydkufvdyfESif h yd kufacgif;rsm;wG Jvsuf txufxyfodk U wifonf htcgwGifvnf; csnfaESmif&ef oH k;ygonf/

8-1-11 Slippery Hitch - Mud K;uGif;avQmcsnfenf;

cd kifjrJrIr&S dojzifh ,m,Dtm;jzif h csnfaES mif&ef oH k;Muonf/ 4if;ud k vsifjrefpG m qGJjzKwf&ef

vd kaomae&mwGif toH k;jyKMuonf/ MudK;twkdud k qG JvQif jyKwfonf/

pmrsufES m - 34

7/26/2019 ADPC.



8-1-12

Fisherman’s Bend - wHigcsnf csnfenf;

wpfywfvQd Kcsnfenf;? wpf0ufESpfcgcsnfenf;wd kUESifh jcm;em;rI&S donf/ wtm;qG Jwif;&ef rvdkyJ cyfavsmhavsmh csnfxm;jyD; tzsm;pudk tpowfcsnfxm;&rnf/aqmifhqGJaomfvnf; cHEk dif&nf&Sdonf/

pmrsufES m - 35

7/26/2019 ADPC.



8-1-13 Single and Double Sheet Bend - MudK;MuD; Mud K;ao; qufaomenf;jzpfonf/

MudK;tvH k;t&G,ftpm;rnDaomtcg þenf;ud k toH k;jyKí qufay;&onf/

MudK;tvH k;rnDaom Mud K;rsm; wpfckESif hwpfck quf&mwGif yd kí cd kifcH Uaomenf;jzpfonf/

pmrsufES m - 36

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tcef ; 9

Bud K;jzif h u,f q,fa&; vkyfaqmifjcif ; (puf oD;rsm;)

9-1

pufoD; - rdwfquf

pufoD;pepfrsm;ud k toH k;jyKjcif;jzifh qGJjcif;? rjcif;? atmufodk Ucsjcif;rsm;wGif tm;oufomEk difygonf/ a½S;u av;vHaomypönf;rsm;udk r ,l&ef EG,fyif rsm;udk opfyiftud kif;rsm;ay:od k U jzwfoef;,lvsuf oH k;pGJcJ hygonf/

pufoD;pepfrsm;udk toH k;jyKí av;vHaom ypönf;rsm;udk jrif hrm;aom ae&mrsm;od k U rwif&ef toH k;jyKygonf/ tdrfacgifrd k;jyKjyif&mwGif vd ktyfonfh ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;ud k

acgifrdk;ay:odk U pufoD;jzif h r wifonfuk d awG Ujrif&ygrnf/ ½SmazGa&;ESif h u,fq,fa&;aqmif½Guf&mwGif pufoD;udk u,fq,f &rnfholtm; acsmuf od kUr[kwf rwfapmufaomqifajcavQmatmufajcrS r wif&ef odk Ur[kwf u,fq,foltm; u,fq,f&rnf hol ½S d&modk U csay;&ef toHk;jyKygonf/ vrf;ydwfqd kUaeaom av;vHonf h tysuftpD;rsm;udk z,f½S m;&ef? ydwfrdaeolrsm; vGwfajrmuf&efvnf; toH k;jyKygonf/

pufoD;qd konfrS m Bud K;? cg;ywf od kUr[kwf csdef;Bud K;ud k bD;wGif ywfí jyKvkyf xm;aom½d k;½Sif;onf hud&d,m jzpfygonf/ pufoD;ud k toH k;jyKí av;vHaom ypönf;rsm;ud k r avh

½S dygonf/ pufoD;onf tm;\ OD;wnf&mbufud k ajymif;vJay;ojzifh ypönf;rsm;ud k r &ef yd krd kvG,fulapygonf/

9-2 pufoD;trsdK;tpm;rsm;

BudK;pufoD;

Bud K;pufoD;ud k rnfonf htcsdefwGif rnfonf htwGufaMumif h toHk;jyKygoenf;/

av;vHaomypönf;ud k a½T Uajymif;&ef vd ktyfaomfvnf; ypönf;ud&d,mESif h vltiftm;tvH ktavmuf r½S daomtcg ukwf\pGrf;tm;ud k toHk;jyKí a½T UEd kifygonf/ þenf;vrf;ud k toH k;jyKjcif;jzif h Bud K;wpfacsmif;om vd ktyfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 37

7/26/2019 ADPC.



BudK;pufoD;jyKvkyfyH k

tqifh 1

a½TUvd kaom t½G,ftpm; BuD;rm;onfh ypönf;udk Bud K;jzif h csnfaESmifyg/ BudK;ud kqefUxkwfí BudK; tv,favmufwGif t*Fvdyftu©&m&Spf*Pef;yH k Bud K;xH k; csnfaES mifyg/csnfaES mifyH kud k Bud K;xHk;tcef;wGif azmfjyxm;ygonf/ t*Fvdyftu©&m&Spf*Pef;yHk xH k;&mwGif 4aycef U BudK;acGjzpfay:atmif xH k;yg/

tqifh 2

BudK;\ tjcm;wpfzufud k jcHpnf;½d k;wd kif odk Ur[kwf opfyifwGif csnfaESmifyg/ ypönf;ud k rwifvdkaom tjrif honf csnfaES mifonf hae&m tjrif h\ xuf0uf cef Ujzpf&ygrnf/

xd k Uaemuf Bud K;\ tqH k;ydkif;ud k 4aycef U Bud K;uGif;odk U jyefvnf,laqmifvmyg/ Bud K;pud k4ayBud K;uGif;twGif; rS jzwf,lyg/

tqifh 3

BudK;ud k cd kifNrJpG m qG JEk dif&ef avsmh&Jaom tyd kif;rsm; r½S dap&yg/ wif;MuyfpG m csnfaES mifyg/ajrjyifrS qG Jwif &rnfjzpfí vH kavmufaom ae&mvGwf½S dap&ef ½Sif;vif;xm;yg/

tqifh 4

BudK;ud k qG J,ljcif;jzif h ypönf;ud k Bud K;pufoD;pepftoHk;jyKNyD; r wifEk difNyD jzpfygonf/BudK;pufoD;pepfonf pd kufxkwfvd kufaom tm;xuf yd krd krsm;jym;aom tm;udk &½S dEd kifygrnf/

pmrsufES m - 38

7/26/2019 ADPC.



pufoD;\ tpdwftydkif;rsm;

ueUveUjzwwe; od kUr[kw tao

csnfxm;&ef ae&m – jcHpnf;½dk;wdkif odk Ur[kwf opfyif jzpfEk difygonf/ rvdkaomt&mud k Bud K;wGifcsnfaES mifíqGJEd kifygonf/ r zdk U&ef rvd kawmhyg/csnfxm;aomwef;onf tav;csdefud kcHEk dif&ef vk dtyfygonf/usdK;us ygu xdcdkufrIjzpfyG m;ygrnf/

wGJcsnaomuGi; - wHigESpjyeBudK;xH k;jzif h Bud K;uGif;ck difcd kif jyKvkyfEk difygonf/ pufoD;\ tjcm;tydkif;rsm;uJ hod k U ck dif&ef vdktyfygonf/pufoD;ay:wGifoufa&muf

vmrnfh tav;csdefud k cHEd kif&ygrnf/

puo; - vnEk diaom b;wpfvHk; yg0ifygonf/ pufbD;rSbD;udk wm,mjzKwfí toH k;jyKEk difygonf/

BudK; - Bud K;rS m txH k;rsm; ½S dvQiajzxm;yg/ Bud K;tpGef;rsm;zG mxGuf rae&yg/ r vd kaomtav;csdefud k cHEd kif&nf ½Sdr½S dppfaq;yg/

csdw - csdwr½S dvQivn; &ygon/ypönf;od kUr[kwf vlud k Bud K;jzifhyif csnfaES mifEdkifygonf/ Bud K;jzif h od kif;Bud K;vnf; jyKvkyfEd kifygonf/od kif;Bud K;jyKvkyf&ef csnfaES mif&mü

taumif;qH k;Bud K;xHk;rsm;udk ,ciftcef;wGif azmfjyNyD; jzpfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 39

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tyd kif; (10)

tjrih frS u,fq,f jcif ;vkyfief ;

10-1

tjrifhrS u,fq,fjcif; - r dwfquf

j rif hrm;aomae&mrsm;E§if h euf&I dif;aomae&mrsm;rS u,fq,fonh f vkyfief;rsm;wGiftdrfacgifrd k;xdyfrsm;? taqmuftOD;&S d jywif;aygufrsm; (ok dYr[kwf) rd kif;wGif;rsm;(od k Yr[kwf ) "gwfavSum;wGif;rsm; yg0ifNyD; vGwfajrmufap&efESihf toufu,frItm;taxmuftulay;&efwkd YtwGuf Bud K;rsm;ud k toHk;jyKygonf/

jrif Yaom^toif htwifhjrif haomtaqmuftODtwGif;avmifuG srf;aeonfhrD;rSvGwfajrmuf

&efaemufusaeolrsm;ud ku,fq,f&ef? od kYr[kwf taqmuftODjyd KusysufqD;Ek difjcif;uJ hod k Uaom tjcm;aomab;tEÅ &m,frsm; usa&mufEdkifajc&Sdonfh tajctaersd K;wGif 0ifa&mufu,fq,f&ef cufcJNyD; u,fq,fa&;aqmif&Gufolrsm;twGuf aemufqufwG JtEÅ&m,f MuH KawG UEk difajc jrif hrm;ygonf/

xd k UaMumif h u,fq,fjcif;vkyfief;rsm;udk jyKvkyfaqmif&Guf&ef ab;uif;vk HjcKHrI t&S dqk H;enf;ud kom a&G;cs,f&ef ta&;BuD;ygonf/ &&S dEdkifaomtaxmuftyHhypönf; ok d Yr[kwf t&if;tjrpf rnfonfudkrqdk toH k;jyK&rnfhtjyif cd kifrmonh fBud K;ESih f avSum;rsm;uJhokd Y

aom oihfavsmfonh f ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;ud k tusKd;&SdpG m toHk;jyK&rnfjzpfygonf/

10-2 tqifoifh&mjzifh wpfae&mxJodkUavQmcsay;enf;

tqd kygenf;ud k tqif;(od kUr[kwf ) ES drf hcsay;onfh ypönf;ud&d,mrsm; r&Sdaomfvnf;xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&Sdxm;onf hyk*¾d Kvftm; ab;uif;&mod kU csufcsif; a&T Uajymif;ay;&ef vd ktyf onf htcgwGif tokH;jyKygonf/ (Oyrm - rD;avmif aepOftwGif;)

enf;vrf;rsm; tqif h (1) - rS Dcdktm;jyK Ed kifonf h jrJNrHonfhae&mwGif MudK;ud k(2) ywf &pfywfyg/

tqifh (2) - Mud K;pudk vufjzihf wjznf;jznf; avQmhcsay;yg/ (u,fq,folrsm;onf ES drf hcsrIjyKvkyf&mwGif vuftdwfrsm;ud k 0wfqifxm;&rnf jzpfygonf/) jzpfEd kifyguavQmhcsrI jyKvkyfonf hMud K;ud k xdef;csKyf&eftwGuf u,fq,folESpfOD;&S d&ef vd ktyfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 40

7/26/2019 ADPC.



10-3 ta&;ay:avSum;tm; tokH;jyKí u,fq,fjcif;

þenf;onf ½d k;pif;NyD; xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S donf h vlemudk ab;uif;pGm u,fq,f&ef eH&Htm; rS Dxm;onfh avSum;\txpfud k toHk;jyKaomenf; jzpfygonf/

u,fq,fonfhenf;vrf;rsm;

- xdcdkuf'Pf&m&&S dxm;onh f vlemud k avSum;\txpfay:wGif wifí jrJjrHap&ef Bud K;jzif h (BudK;avQmusroG m;ap&ef zJjym;o@mefauG;í ESpfxyfcsnfaES mifrI)csnfaESmif xm;yg/

- u,fq,folonf avSum;\atmufajcwGif &yfí BudK;rsm;udk aoaocsmcsmcsnfaESmif&ygrnf/

owdxm;&rnfh tcsufrsm;

(1) avSum;ud k vH k;0 wnfjidrfrI&S dap&rnf/ ajrjyifay:ESif h axmufxm;onf h eH&HwGif cd kifjrJpGm &S dae&ef vdktyfygonf/

(2) atmufokd YrcsrD xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S donf h vlem\ cE¨ mukd,ftav;csdef Bud K;ay:okd Ya&muf&S dNyD;jzpfygu vlem\taetxm;? avSum;\ wnfNidrfrIESih f vH kjcH KrI jyKvkyfxm;onhf tajctaewd k Yudk rsm;pG m *½kpd kuf&ef vd ktyfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 41

7/26/2019 ADPC.



(3) xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S donf h vlemud kab;uif;vHkjcH Kap&eftwGuf BudK;ud k owdxm;íudkifwG,fyg/

(4) xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S donfh vlemudk vuf (2)zufjzihf u,f,lyg/ ¤if;vlemtm;

Murf;jyifESihf ½dkufrdjcif;rsKd; rjzpfapygESifh/ vlemudk atmufok d YrcsrD ab;uif;onh fae&mok dY o,faqmifoG m;&rnf/

10-4 avSum;tm; tokH;jyKí tvsm;vdkufu,fq,fenf;

tqd kygenf;ynmud k taqmufttH ktwGif;ü awGUaomMurf;ayguftm; tok H;jyKjcif;(od k Ur[kwf ) Murf;tm; taygufazmufjcif;rsm; jyKvkyfí tokH;jyKEd kifygonf/ jzpfEdkifygutm;jyKxm;onf hMurf;cif;rsm;wGif taygufazmufvkyfjcif; rjyKvkyf&yg? tb,faMumif h qd kaomf taygufazmuf&mwGif tcsdefMumjrif hjyD; taqmuftODwpfckvk H;\ zJ GUpnf;xm;rIud k tm;enf;oG m;apEd kifaomaMumif h jzpfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 42

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tqd kygvkyfief;pOftm;u,fq,fol(4)OD;ygaomtzG J Ujzif haqmif&GufEd kifygonf/ aemufxyf u,fq,folrsm;taejzif hvnf; xdcdkuf'Pf&m&&S dxm;onfhyk*¾ dKvftm; jr§ifhwifjcif;(od k Yr[kwf ) ES drfhcsjcif;wd kUwGif ulnDrIay;Edkifygonf/

enf;vrf;rsm; tqif h (1) - tjrif hwGifa&muf&Sdaeonf h u,fq,folrsm;onf jyKwfusrIrjzpfEd kifaMumif;aocsmatmif jyKvkyfyg/

tqif h (2) - vlemxrf;pif\ xdyfwGif csnfaES mifxm;onf h ESdrf hcsMud K;rsm;ud k vk HjcKHpdwfcsrI&Sdatmif aqmif&Gufyg/

tqif h (3) - vlemxrf;pif\ ajc&if;yd kif;wGif&S donf h vrf;ñTefMud K;rsm;udk tqd kygenf;twd kif; jyKvkyfaqmif&Gufyg/

pmrsufES m - 43

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tqif h (4) - tjrif hwGif a&muf&S daeonf h u,fq,fol (2) OD;rS ajrjyifay:&S du,fq,fol (2) OD;xHod k U vrf;ñTefMud K;rsm;ud k urf;ay;yg/

tqif h (5) - tjrif hwGif a&muf&S daeonf h u,fq,fol (2) OD;onf eH&HtpGef;rSaeí

xrf;piftm; ES drf hcsMud K;jzifh jznf;jznf;csif; BudK;ud k b,f-nm vufajymif;í avQmhcsyg/

tqif h (6) - ajrjyifay:wGif a&muf&S daeonfh u,fq,folrsm;onf xrf;piftm;twm;tqD; r&S datmif &Sif;vif;ay;&rnfjzpfonf/ vrf;ñTefMud K;jzif h xrf;pifcsonf h tcgwGif xrf;pif\ ab;wpfbufwpfcsufwGif yH hydk;rI jyKvkyfay;Ed kifygonf/

pmrsufES m - 44

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tcef ; (11)

vlemwifxrf;pif rsm;

11-1

ed'gef;

tu,fí vlemonf ¤if;udk,fwdkif vrf;ravQmufEd kifonh ftcgwGif vlemwifxrf;pif rsm;ud k toH k;jyK&rnfjzpfygonf/ vlemwifxrf;piftm; ajymif;a&T UrIjyKvkyfonhftcgwGifvlESpfOD;jzih f ajymif;a&TU&rnfjzpfNyD; wpfOD;tm; OD;acgif;yd kif;wGifxm;NyD; usefwpfOD;tm;ajcaxmufyd kif;wGif xm;&rnfjzpfygonf/ vlemtm; vlemwifxrf;pifay:wGif wifí rNyD; o,faqmifjcif; (ok dYr[kwf ) wGef;í o,faqmifjcif;rsm; jyKvkyfEk difygonf/

vlemwifxrf;piftppfrsm;onf aps;BuD;NyD; ae&mwdkif;wGif? txl;ojzif h aus;vufa'orsm;wGif r&Edkifyg/ ab;tEÅ &m,fjzpfay:csdefwGif tcuftcJudk ajz&Sif;&ef &&menf;vrf;od k Ur[kwf pdwful;wDxGifazmfxkwfaomenf;vrf;rsm;ud k toH k;jyK&ygonf/ toH k;rsm;aomenf;vrf;tcsdKYud k atmufwGif azmfjyxm;ygonf/

11-2 vlemwifxrf;piftrsdK;tpm;rsm;

11-2-1

tqifoifh&mjzifhjyKvkyfonhf vlemwifxrf;pif

wHcg;&Gufrsm;? oGyfjym;rsm;ESih f ukwifabmifrsm;udk toHk;jyKí vlemwifxrf;pifrsm;ud k jyKvkyfEk difygonf/

pmrsufES m - 45

7/26/2019 ADPC.



11-2-2

wef;tm;toHk;jyKxm;onhf vlemwifxrf;pif

tqd kyg vlemwifxrf;pifrsm;udk jyKvkyf&mwGif tvGefyif½d k;pif;vG,fulNyD; ESpfrDwmt&Snf&S donhf wkwfacsmif; (2)acsmif;vdktyfygonf/ wHjrufpnf;½dk;rsm;? a&yd kufvHk;rsm;

(ok d Yr[kwf ) (50)rDvDrDwmywfvnf&Sdonh f opfom;acsmif;rsm;onf tqk dygvkyfief;twGuf toif havsmfqH k; jzpfygonf/

tqd kygwkwfacsmif;rsm;ud k ajrjyifay:wGif rsOf;Nyd KifyH ko@mef (60)pifwDrDwm cGmí csxm;&rnf jzpfygonf/ vlemwifxrf;piftcif;tm; tdrf,mcif;? tdwfcG Hrsm;? jcH Kxnf t0wfESih f ukwftusÐrsm;ud k toH k;jyKEd kifygonf/ xdcdkuf'Pf&m &&S dxm;onhf vlem\tav;csdefonf tcif;tm; ae&mwusjzpfatmif xdef;xm;ay;ygvdrf h rnf/

11-2-3 avSum;tm; toHk;jyKxm;onhf vlemwifxrf;pif

rnfonh ftaMumif;aMumihfjzpfap usOf;ajrmif;onhfae&mrsm;wGif wpfenf;tm;jzihf ao;i,fonh f jywif;aygufrsm;? vI dPfacgif;rsm; tp&Sdonf hae&mrsm;wGif vlemwifxrf;piftm; toH k;jyKí xkwfoGif;&ef vd ktyfygu avSum;tao; (od k Yr[kwf ) qef Yxkwf Ed kifaom avSum;i,f\wpfzufjcrf;ud k toHk;jyKjcif;onf tm;omcsuf wpfckjzpfygonf/

rmawmif haomtcsyfjym;^ ysOfcsyfrsm;ud k (tvG,fwul&&SdEd kifygu) avSum;wGif cif;íapmiftcif;tm;yH krSeftwd kif;zH k;tkyfxm;&ygrnf/

pmrsufES m - 46

7/26/2019 ADPC.



xH k;aESmifxm;aomMud K;wef;ud ktpjyefxd k;xm;aom t*Fvdyftu©&m&Spf*Pef;yH k Bud K;xH k;enf;jzif h avSum;wGifcsnfaES mifxm;aomMudK;jzif hyl;wG J&ygrnf/ xk dYaemuf u,fq,fa&;ysOfcsyfvlemwifxrf;pif taetxm;rsd K;uJhodk Y csnfaES mif&ygrnf/

11-2-4 ukvm;xdkifcH ktm;toHk;jyKxm;onhf vlemwifxrf;pif

pd k;&drf&aom xdcd kuf'Pf&mr&S donh f vlemtm; o,faqmifonh ftcgwGif cdkifrmonh f rD;zd kacsmifoH k;xd kifcH krsm;udk toH k;jyKEd kifygonf/

pmrsufES m - 47

7/26/2019 ADPC.



11-3

vlemwifxrf;pifjyKvkyfenf;

11-3-1

tqifoifh&mjzifhjyKvkyfonhf vlemwifxrf;pif

tqk dyg enf;pepfwGif xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dxm;onhf vlem\ tav;csdefudk yH hydk;ay;Ed kifonh f cd kifrmaom wkwfacsmif;^ yk dufvH k;(2)vH k;ESihf tenf;qHk; &SyftusÐ (2)xnf vd ktyfygonf/

rSwfom;&ef 8

u,fq,folrsm;taejzih f rnfonh ftaMumif;aMumih frS rdrdwd kY\ tusÐrsm;udk cRwfay;jcif;rsm;rjyKvkyf&yg/ xkdokd YjyKvkyfygu ¤if;wdk Y\ usef;rma&;? aumif;&maumif;usKd;rsm;ud k xdcdkufapEd kifjcif; (okd Yr[kwf) vkyfief;xda&mufrIwdk Yud k avsmhyg;apjcif;rsm; jzpfapEd kifygonf/

tqifh (1) - yxru,fq,folonfwef;tvGwfudk udkifxm;onh f tcsdefü 'kwd,u,fq,folonf ¤if;\ tusÐud k OD;acgif;rSwpfqih f qG JcRwf&ygrnf/

tqifh (2) - aumfvmESihfvufMu,foD;rsm;rSvGJí Mu,foD;tm;vH k;ud k wyfqifxm;&ygrnf/

tqifh (3) - tqk dygenf;twd kif; tjcm;olwpfOD;tm; bufajymif;í jyKvkyf&ygrnf/

pmrsufES m - 48

7/26/2019 ADPC.



11-3-2

apmiftcif;tm;toHk;jyKxm;onhf vlemwifxrf;pif

tqk dygenf;pepfwGif wkwfacsmif; (2)acsmif;ESih f apmifwpfxnf vd ktyfygonf -

(1) apmifud k ajrjyifay:wGif cif;yg/

(2)

apmif\tv,frS wpfaytuG mcefYwGif wkwfacsmif; wpfckudk csxm;yg/(3) apmif\twd kqH k;tpGef;em;jzif h yxrwkwfacsmif;udk zHk;tkyfvd kufyg/(4) 'kwd,wkwfacsmif;tm; yxrwkwfacsmif;ESih f ESpfay tuG mcefYwGifxm;yg/

(tqd kygtuGmta0;onf vlem ESih f apmift&G,ftpm;ay: rlwnfíuG Jjym; jcm;em; oG m;Ekdifygonf/)

(5) apmif\ useftpdwftydkif;udk wpf0ufacgufí 'kwd, wkwfacsmif;tm;zHk;tkyfvdkufyg/

vlem\ud k,ftav;csdefonf vlemwifxrf;piftm; xdef;xm;ay; ygvdrf hrnf/

pmrsufES m - 49

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tcef ;(12)

xdcd kuf 'Pf&m&olrsm;tm; rjcif;ESifh a&TUajymif ;jcif;

12-1

aemufcHtajctae

tuJjzwfavhvm qef;ppfrIrjyKvkyfrD rawmfwqjzpfonf hae&mwGif ab;tEÅ&m,f &S donf htwGuf xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&Sdolrsm;tm; aq;½k Hod kY tvsiftjref ajymif;a&T U ac:aqmif oG m;&ef vd ktyfaumif; vdktyfygvdrf hrnf/ ,if;ok d Y jyKvkyfaqmif&Gufjcif;ud k ta&;ay:

a&TUajymif;rI jyKvkyfjcif;[k ac:ygonf/

xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dolrsm;tm;Munfh&Ippfaq;í oif havsmfonfh apmif ha&S mufrIrsm; jyKvkyf

aqmif&GufjyD;onf htcgwGif vlemtm; yd krdkwnfjidrfrI&S donf h (odk Yr[kwf ) yd krdkaumif;rGef onf h ywf0ef;usifod k Y a&TUajymif;&ef qkH;jzwfaqmif&Gufjcif;ud k ta&;ay:r[kwfonfh

ajymif;a&TUrI jyKvkyfjcif;[k ac:ygonf/

odk Y&mwGif oif htaejzifh vlemtm; tqd kygae&mrS vlemwif,mOfay:od k Y ajymif;a&TUay;&ef vd ktyfygonf/ ,if;od k YjyKvkyfaqmif&Gufjcif;udk vlemtm; vTJajymif;jcif; [k ac:ygonf/

oifhtaejzif h wpfOD;wnf; (odk Yr[kwf ) oif htm; tultnDay;&ef apwemh0efxrf;(1)OD;

(od k Yr[kwf )(2)OD; &S daeEk difygonf/ vlemonfvnf; owd&aeonfhtajctae (odk Yr[kwf )owdarhajrmaeonf h tajctaewGif&SdaeEd kifNyD;? tqkwf? tonf;? ausmufuyf?OD;aESmuf ponfae&mrsm;wGif jyif;xefpG m xdcd kufjcif; (od kYr[kwf ) t½d k;usd K;jcif;udk xdef;odrf;ay;xm;Ed kifNyD;jzpfjcif; ponh f tajctaersm; &SdaeEdkifygonf/ &&mvlemxrf;pif trsdK;rsd K;? wGef;vSnf;? ukvm;xd kiftrsd K;rsd K;teufrS oif havsmfonf h vlemo,f&ef ypönf;ud k a&G;cs,f&ef vd ktyfygonf/ vlemud k ra&T Uajymif;rD wnfNidrfcd kifcef UrI &S dap&ygrnf/

12-2

cE¨mudk,ftm; rSefuefpGmxm;odkenf;

t"dyÜ g,fzGifhqdkcsuf ---- rwifjcif;ESifh o,faqmifjcif;jyKvkyf&mwGif oif\cE¨ muk d,ftm;rSefuefpGm toHk;jyKjcif; taxmuftuljyKjcif;ESih f oifud k,fwd kif xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&SdrIrjzpfap&ef? od k Yr[kwf vlemtm; aemufxyf 'Pf&mrjzpfap&ef jzpfygonf/

vlemtm; r wif&mwGif vdkufem&rnfh tajccHrlrsm;

u/ jrJjrHpG mqkyudkiyg - vuz0g;rsm;\tm;ud k wwEd kioavmu

tok H;jyKyg/

pmrsufES m - 50

7/26/2019 ADPC.



c/ ausmtm;ajzmif hwef;xm;yg

- ajcvut*grsm;wGi tm;pd kurI jyKvkyojzih'Pfrjzpfap&ef *½kjyKyg/

*/ 'l;acgi;rsm;tm;

auG;xm;yg

- aygiESih wiyg;rsm;wGi &S donh

tm;aumif;onfh <uufom;rsm;ud k tok H;jyKyg/C/ vuarmi;rsm;tm;

cE¨ mud k,fwGif uyfxm;jyD;wHawmifqpfrsm;udk auG;csnf qefYcsnf jyKvkyfyg

- tm;xkwjci;udk wwEdkiorQ en;ygap/

i/ ajcaxmursm;ud k cJ Gxm;jy;wpfzufud k

tjcm;wpfzuf\ a&SUwGif xm;yg

- atmuajcyH hydk;ay;rIud k wd k;jrihapygon/

p/ rwi,lonhtcgwGi - t&m0w¦ Kud k cE¨ mudk,ESih e;uy onhtaetxm;wGif rwif yg/

q/ tultnawmi;cHyg - xdcd ku'P&mjzpEd kiajcud k avQmhcsyg/

tqd kyg tajccHrlrsm;udk t&m0w¬ Kwpfcktm; rwif jcif;? qJGjcif;? wGef;jcif;?o,faqmifjcif;? ajymif;a&T Ujcif; (od kYr[kwf ) vSrf;,ljcif;rsm; jyKvkyf&mwGif tok H;jyKEd kifygonf/ xdck duf'Pf&m &&S drIrS umuG,f&ef t"duaomhcsufrS m rSefuefaomausm½d k;taetxm;jzpfygonf/

tzGJ Yvd kufaqmif&GufrIonf tvGefta&;MuD;ygonf/ vkyfief;aqmif&GuffaepOftwGif;&Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;ESif h rMumcP qufoG,fajymqdkyg/ tzJG U0ifrsm; tvG,fwul em;vnfEd kifonf h nTefMum;csufrsm;udk tokH;jyKyg/ ajymif;a&T UvIyf&S m;rIrsm;tm; tprS tqkH;txd wd kifatmif EIwfjzif h ñS dEdIif;aqmif&Gufyg/

12-3 vlemrsm;udk a&TUajymif;jcif;

a,bk,stm;jzif h xdcd kuf'Pf&m temw&jzpfapEd kifonh f tEÅ&m,f r&S dcJhyguta&;ay:jyKpkapmif ha&Smufay;rIud k jyKvkyfay;jyD; vlemud k ajymif;a&TU&ygrnf/ tu,fítcif;jzpfyG m;onf hae&monf vk HjcKHrI r&S djcif;(od kYr[kwf)csufcsif;tEÅ &m,fjzpfEdkifonf htvm;tvm &Sdygu oif htaejzih f vlemudk ajymif;a&T U&ygrnf/

pmrsufES m - 51

7/26/2019 ADPC.



12-4

ta&;ay:a&TUajymif;jcif;

rSwfom;&ef - 9

ta&;ay:a&T Uajymif;rIudk vlemtay: csufcsif; wd kuf½d kuftEÅ &m,f usa&muf EdkifrSomvQif jyKvkyfaqmif&Gufay;&rnf jzpfygonf/

ta&;ay: a&T Uajymif;rIjyKvkyf&efvd ktyfonfh tajctaersm;-

• rD; (odk Yr[kwf ) rD;avmifEdkifonf h tEÅ &m,f

-

vlemrsm;ESif hu,fq,folrsm;twGuf MuD;rm;onf h tEÅ &m,fwpf&yftjzpf tjrJ xnfhoGif; pOf;pm;xm;&ygrnf?

• aygufuJGjcif;(odk Yr[kwf)aygufuJGEd kifonh ftEÅ &m,f (tEÅ &m,f rsm;onhf ae&m)/

• tcif;jzpfae&m&S d ab;tEÅ &m,frsm;rS vlemtm; umuG,frI jyKvkyfEk dif&ef rwwfEd kifjcif;

- wnfjidrfrIr&S donf h taqmuftOD

-

yufvufvefaeonh f um;- &efvd kaeonh f^ tjyif;txefqef Yusifaeonh f vlxk

- ab;tEÅ&m,fjzpfapEd kifonf h ypönf;rsm;

- ,d kzdwfaeonf h "gwfqD

- jyif;xefonfh &moDOwk

• jyKpkapmifha&S mufrIvdktyfaeonf h tjcm;vlemrsm;xH oGm;a&muf&ef vd ktyfjcif;

•

vlem&Sdaeonhf ae&m (od k Yr[kwf) vlem\taetxm;t& toufu,fapmihfa&SmufrIrsm;jyKvkyfaqmif&GufrIrjyKEd kifjcif;?

- ESvk H;ckefrI ½kwfw&uf&yfqd kif;oGm;onh f vlemtm; rSefuefonhf touf&SLtm;ulenf;(pDyDtm&f) aqmif&Guf Ek difa&;twGufrmí nDnmjyef YjyL;onf h rsufES mjyifay:wGif yufvuftaetxm;jzif hxm;&ygrnf/ tu,fí vlemonf xd kifckHay:wGif xdkifaejcif; (od k Yr[kwf ) tdyf,mxJwGif vJaejcif;jzpfaeygu oif htaejzif h ta&;ay: ajymif;a&T UrI jyKvkyfaqmif&Guf&ygrnf/

pmrsufES m - 52

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tzG J Yvd kufaqmif&GufrIonf tvGefta&;MuD;ygonf/ vkyfief; aqmif&Guf faepOftwGif;&Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;ESifhrMumcPqufoG,f ajymqd kyg/

ta&;ay:a&TUajymif;rI jyKvkyf&mwGif jzpfay:Ed kifonh f tMuD;rm;qkH; tEÅ&m,fwpfckrS mausm½d k;wGifjzpfonh f xdcd kuf'Pf&mtm; yd krd kqdk;&G m;apEk difaomaMumifh ausm½d k;tm;rxdcd kufatmif twwfEd kifqk H;umuG,f ay;&rnf jzpfygonf/

12-5 ta&;ay:ajymif;a&TUenf; trsdK;tpm;rsm;

12-5-1 vlwpfOD;wnf; ajymif;a&TUrIjyKvkyfonfh enf;rsm;

ukef;ydk; o,faqmifjcif;

pmrsufES m - 53

þenf;udk t½dk;usdK;^tufjcif; r&S daom owd&S daeonh f xdcdkuf 'Pf&m&olrsm;twGuf tok H;jyKygonf/

(1) &yfaeonfh xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S doludk ausmay;í &yfyg/(2) xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dol\ vufESpfzufud k oif\ ykck H;ay:rSausmfvsuf oif\

&ifacgif;a&S UwGif jzwfvsuf xm;&S dyg/(3) oif\ykcH k;ay:ok d Y wifxm;onh f xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&Sdol\ vufrsm;udk wwfEd kiforQ

ajzmif hwef;pG mxm;½S dyg/(4)xdcdkuf'Pf&m&&S dol\ vufaumuf0wfudk udkifxm;jyD; ud k,fudk ud kif;ñGwfí

oif\ ausmay:od k Y ¤if;tm; qJ Gwifyg/

7/26/2019 ADPC.



rSefuefonfh w&GwfwdkufqJGenf;

u,fq,folrsm;rS tvGefav;vHonf h xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S doltm; avSum;jzifh atmufxyfok d Y o,faqmifonh ftcgwGif ukef;ydk;o,faqmifenf; (ok d Yr[kwf ) tjcm;enf;rsm;udk tokH;rjyKEdkifonf htwGuf þenf;udk toH k;jyK&jcif; jzpfygonf/ od k Y&mwGif

tqkdyg enf;tm;toH k;jyKonh ftcgüavSum;wGiftwm;tqD;r&S dap&yg/

- xdcdkuf'Pf&m &&d Solonf yufvufvJavsmif;aeonf htcgwGif ¤if;\vufaumuf0wfrsm;ud k Mwd*Hyk Ho@mef ywfwD;rsm; (odk Yr[kwf) ,if;ESif h tvm;o@mef wlonf h ywfwD;rsm;ud k tokH;jyKí od kif;csnfyg/

- xdk Yaemuf u,fq,foltaejzif h xdck duf'Pf&m&&S dol\ OD;acgif;bufrS aeí¤if;tm;xd kifaeonf htaetxm;yk HpHjzif h ¤if;ud k ro,fyg/

- u,fq,folonf xdck duf'Pf&m&&S dol\ vufarmif; atmufrS wpfqihf ¤if;\vufaumuf0wfud k vSrf;í qkyfud kifxm;yg/

-

u,fq,folonf tqd kygxdck duf'Pf&m&&S doltm; aemufjyefqJ G,lEdkifonf h taetxm;ok d Y a&muf&S daeygonf/ avSum;rSqif;&onh ftajctae jzpfay:yguavSum;xpfwpfckcsif;pDud k qif;oufEd kif&eftwGuf u,fq,folonf ¤if;\'l;acgif;ud k toH k;jyKí xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dol\ ud k,fvk H;ud k taxmuftyH h ay;jcif;onf vG,fuloufomapygonf/ avSum;wGif tcdkifcef Yqk H; tyd kif;onf

eH&HESif h teD;qk H;tyd kif; jzpfaMumif; owd&yg/

pmrsufES m - 54

7/26/2019 ADPC.



vlwpfOD;wnf;vufjzifh o,faqmifenf;

u,fq,folonf xdcd kuf'Pf&m&oltm; rcsDonh f

tcgwGif ¤if;\ vufwpfzufonf tqd kyg xdcdkuf'Pf&m&&S dxm;ol\ aemufausmrS ok dif;zufíusefvufwpfzuftm; 'l;acgif;atmufwGif xm;&S d&rnf jzpfygonf/

ta&;BuD;onfhtcsufrS m u,fq,foltm; xdcd kufrI rjzpfap&ef vlemtm; 'l;acgif;atmufrSpwifí r&rnfjzpfonf/ ausmtm; toH k;rjyK&yg/

apmifjzihf w&Gwfwdkufo,faqmifenf;

tqk dygenf;onf xdcd kuf'Pf&m&olud k w&Gwfwd kufqJ G&mwGif tok H;jyKonf h yd kaumif;onf h enf;wpfckjzpfygonf/

(1)

apmif (od k Yr[kwf ) ¤if;ESifh tvm;o@mefwlonf h t&mwpfckay:wGif xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S doltm; xm;yg/

(2) xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&Sdoltm; apmif\ axmif hpGef;rsm;jzih f vdyfí ywfyg/(3) u,fq,folonf ¤if;\aemufausmud k ajzmifhajzmif hxm;Ed kiforQ ajzmif hwef;

xm;NyD; ¤if;\ausmjzih fr[kwfbJ ajcaxmuftm;jzih f qJ G,lí o,faqmif &ygrnf/

(4) xd kok dYqJ G,lío,faqmif&mwGif jzpfEd kifygu wpfajzmif hwnf; ajzmif hwef;pGm

qJ GoG m;yg/

pmrsufES m - 55

7/26/2019 ADPC.



rD;owform;rsm;toHk;jyKonhf w&Gwfwdkufo,faqmifenf;

þenf;onf ta&;ay:tajctaewGif rD;cd k;rsm;jzih f jynfhESuf aeonf h taqmuftODxJrSxdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dolud k z,f&S m;&ef vdktyfonh ftcgüf tvGefyif tok H;0ifonh f enf;wpfck jzpfygonf/ rSwfom;&efrS m - u,fq,folrsm;onf rD;cd k;rsm;ESif h jynf husyfaeonfh taqmuftODxJodk Y 0if&ef r[kwfyg/

- tu,fí taqmuftODonf rD;avmifaeygu oef Y&Sif;onf havat;onf Murf;jyifem;wGif &S daeojzih f u,fq,foltygt0if xdcd kuf 'Pf&m&ol ESpfOD;pvk H;onf ¤if;wd k Y\OD;acgif;rsm;ud k ES drf hxm;&rnf jzpfygonf/

- xdcd kuf'Pf&m&ol\ cEmudk,fwpfckvk H;tm; u,fq,fol taejzih f yh Hyd k;ay;xm;&efrvd kyg/

- xdcd kuf'Pf&m&ol\ vufESpfzufud k ,Sufwifvsuf ywfwD; (od k Yr[kwf)¤if;ESihftvm; o@mef wlonh f t&m0w¦ K jzih f csnfaES mifxm;&rnf jzpfygonf/

- rD;owform;rsm; toH k;jyKonfh wG m;oG m;enf;ud k u,fq,folrsm;rS tqifoif hovd kajymif;vJtoHk;jyK Ek difygonf/

txda&mufqk H;enf;vrf;rS m xdcd kuf'Pf&m&ol\vufrsm;onf u,fq,fol\ vufarmif;?

ykck H;ESifh OD;acgif;ud k pGyfí xm;jcif; jzpfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 56

7/26/2019 ADPC.



u,fq,folwpfOD;wnf; vlcsKdif;axmuftoGif o,faqmifenf;

,if;enf;vrf;tm; toHk;jyKEdkif&efxdcd kuf'Pf&m&&Sdolonf owd&SdaejyD; u,fq,foltm;tultnD tenf;tusOf;ay;Edkifonh f taetxm; &Sd&ygrnf/

-

u,fq,fol\ vuftaetxm;rS m vufwpfbufonf xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&Sdol\vufaumuf0wfud k ud kifxm;jyD; usefvufwpfbufonf tqdkygvlem\ cE¨ mud k,f tpGefzsm;wGif&S donf h cg;ay:&S d tusÐpud k jrJjrHpGm udkifxm;&rnf jzpfygonf/

- xdcdkuf'Pf&m&&S dol\ 'Pf&m&S donfhbufonf u,fq,folESif h teD;qkH;

taetxm;wGif xm;&rnfjzpfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 57

7/26/2019 ADPC.



12-5-2

vlESpfOD;jzihf ajymif;a&TUrIjyKvkyfonfh enf;rsm;

vlESpfOD;jzihf ajymif;a&TUrIjyKvkyfonfh enf;rsm;

tqk dygenf;onfu,fq,folESpfOD;taejzih f owdarhajrmaeonh f xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S doltm;ud kifwG,f&mwGiftoif havsmfqk H;enf;wpfck jzpfygonf/

tqif h(1)

xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S doltm;xd kifonf htaetxm;wGif xm;yg/tqif h(2) yxru,fq,folonf cg;udkif;onh ftaetxm;jzih f xdcdkuf'Pf&m&ol\

aemufausmbufrSaeí tqkdyg xdcd kuf'Pf&m &&S dol\ vufarmif;atmufrS wpfqihf vufaumuf0wfrsm;udk zrf;qkyfxm;yg/

tqif h(3) 'kwd,u,fq,folonf xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dol\ ajcaxmufMum;wGif cg;ud kif;í'l;acgif;atmufud k qkyfudkifxm;yg/

tqif h(4) omref ro,f&ef nTefMum;csufrsm; jyKvkyfjyD; xdcdkuf 'Pf&m&&S doludk

xd kifonf htaetxm;toGif ro,f&ygrnf/

pmrsufES m - 58

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tqifh(5) tu,fí xdckduf'Pf&m&olonf ajcwpfbufwGif xdcd kuf'Pf&m &&S dxm;ygua&SUwGif&S donf hu,fq,folonf tqk dyg'Pf&mtm; avsmhyg;ap&ef xdcd kuf 'Pf&m&&S dol\ ajcaxmufrsm;ud k uef Yvef Yjzwfí bufwpfbufwnf;odk Y

xm;NyD; o,faqmifjcif; jyKvkyfay;Ed kifygonf/ þenf;\ tm;omcsufwpf&yf rS m xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dol\ ajcaxmufrsm;ud k ulnDrIay;aeonf h u,fq,fol onf vufwpfbuf tm;vyfaeojzif hwHcg;rsm;tm;zGif hay;Ed kifjcif;? tusd K;tysuf tysuftpD;^ tpteponfrsm;ud kvnf; &Sif;vif;ay;Ed kifjcif; tp&S d onh fvkyfief;rsm;ud k vkyfud kifEkdif ygonf/

vlESpfOD;jzihf vufxdkifck HjyKvkyfo,faqmifenf;

(1)

u,fq,fol (2)OD;onf xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dol\ ab;wpfbufwpfcsufpDwGifaqmifhaMumif hxd kiftaetxm;jzif h ¤if;tm; r yg/

(2) xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dol\ ykck H;atmufrSwpfqihf vnfyif;tm; odkif;zufapNyD;'l;acgif;atmufwGif vuftm; vQd Kxm;yg/

(3) tjcm;u,fq,fol\ vufaumuf0wfud k zrf;qkyfyg/(4) aqmif haMumif hxd kifaeonh f taetxm;rS aumif;pG m rwifonh f enf;pepfud k toH k;jyKí

rwfwyf&yfyg/

(5)

xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dol rsufESmrlaeonf hbufod k Y OD;wnfí vrf;avQmufyg/

pmrsufES m - 59

7/26/2019 ADPC.



vuf (4)acsmif;,Suf xkdifck Henf;

(1) yk HwGif jyxm;onf htwdkif; vufrsm;udk ae&mcsxm;yg/(2) xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S doltm; xdkifEd kifap&ef vufrsm;ud k ES drf hxm;yg/(3) xd kodk U ES drf hcs&mwGif ausmtm; ES drf hcsjcif;tpm; ajcaxmufrsm;ud k toHk;jyKí ES drf hcs&rnf

jzpfygonf/(4) xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dolonfae&mwus&Sdonf htcgü o,f,lolwkd Y\ ausmud k

ajzmif hajzmif hxm;vsuf ajcaxmufud k tok H;jyKí rwfwyf&yfNyD; o,f,l&ygrnf/

vlESpfOD; xdkifck Hjzifh o,faqmifenf;

pmrsufES m - 60

7/26/2019 ADPC.



(1) xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dolud k r csDjyD; ¤if;wd kYtm; ae&mcsxm;jcif; (od kYr[kwf) ¤if;wk d Ytm;xd kifck HwGif xd kifapjcif; jyKvkyfyg/

(2) xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dol\ OD;acgif;bufwGif&S donh f u,fq,folonf taemufbuf&S d

tpGef;rsm;rSaeí vufz0g;tm; twGif;od kY xnh fonhf taetxm;jzih f xd kifcH ktm;qkyfud kifyg/

(3) xd k Yaemuf xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dol\ OD;acgif;buf&S d u,fq,folonf xd kifck H\taemufajcaxmufrsm;udk taemufbufod k Y wdrf;apmif;ay;yg/

(4) c&D;wd k (od kYr[kwf ) avSum;rsm;twGuf toHk;jyKonhftcgwGif 'kwd,u,fq,folonf a&SUod k Y rsufES mrlxm;jyD; xd kifckH\ ajcaxmufrsm;ud k qkyfudkif xm;&rnf jzpfygonf/

(5)

c&D;&SnfoG m;a&mufonh ftcgwGif 'kwd,u,fq,folonf xdcd kuf'Pf&m &&S dol\ajcaxmufrsm;ud k cG Jxm;oif hjyD; xd kifckHtwGif;od k Y tqd kyg ajcaxmufrsm;ud kxnf hoGif;xm;um xdcd kuf'Pf&m&ol\ OD;acgif;buf&S d u,fq,fol\ nTefMum;rIjzif h u,fq,folESpfOD;pvH k;onf ¤if;wd k Y\ ajcaxmufrsm;ud k tok H;jyKí rwfwyf&yf&rnf jzpfygonf/

12-6 ta&;ay:r[kwfonfh ajymif;a&TUjcif;

csufcsif; touftEÅ &m,fusa&mufEdkifrI r&S donf htcgrsm;wGif vlemtm;o,f,lydk Yaqmif&eftwGuf tqifoifhjzpfonf htcsdefrSomvQif ajymif;a&TUjcif;ud k ta&;ay: r[kwfonf h ajymif;a&T Ujcif;[k ac:ygonf/ tcif;jzpf&mae&mwGif jyKvkyf&rnh f tuJjzwfavhvm qef;ppfrIrsm;udk jyKvkyfNyD; vlemud k a&S;OD;pG m ukojyKpkrIay;yg/ aemufxyf xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S djcif; r&S dap&ef wm;qD;jyD; vlemtm; emusifrIESihf oufawmifhoufomr&S donfhtaetxm;rsm; rjzpfap&ef MudK;pm;í a&S mif&S m;&ygrnf/

ta&;ay: r[kwfonf h ajymif;a&T Ujcif;rsm;onf a,bk,stm;jzif h ypönf;ud&d,menf;enf;om vd ktyfygonf/ odk Y&mwGif oif htaejzif h vlemonf ausm½d k;'Pf&m&&S dxm;onf[koHo,&Sdygua&T Uajymif;jcif;rjyKvkyfrD oifhawmfonf h ausm½d k;qd kif&maxmufyH hrI jyKvkyfay;yg/ wpfcgwpf&HwGif vlemo,faqmifonfh ud&d,mrsm;udk tokH;jyKEd kifygonf/

pmrsufES m - 61

7/26/2019 ADPC.



12-6-1

ta&;ay:r[kwfonfh a&TUajymif;jcif; Oyrmrsm;

ajrjyif^tdyf,mrS wdkuf½dkuf ro,f jcif; - tu,fí vlemonf ud k,ftav;csdef uDvdk80xufydkav;jyD; ajrjyif odk Yr[kwf tjcm;edrf honf hrsufES mjyifwGif½S daejcif;? od k Yr[kwf vlemonf yl;aygif; aqmif&GufEd kifjcif;r&S dygu ,if;ajymif;a&TUrI jyKvkyfjcif;onf cufcJ ygonf/ xk dYaMumih f ,if;ok dY jyKvkyfaqmif&GufrIrsm;twGuf tenf;qk H; vl (3)OD;vd ktyfygrnf/

(1) BudKwifowdjyK&ef tcsufrsm;jzifh tcif;jzpfyGm;&m ae&mudkvk HjcKHrI&SdaMumif;qef;ppfyg/

(2) oifudk,fwdkif taetxm;

jyifqifyg/t&yft&SnfqkH;olonf OD;acgif;buf wGif ae&m,ljyD;nTefMum;&rnf jzpfygonf/

(3) vnfyif;? ausm? wifyg;ESif hajcaxmufrsm;ud k yh Hydk;Ed kif&ef vufrsm;ud k vlem\ ausm

atmuf odk Yxnfhyg/(4) nTefMum;csuft& vlemud k

rwifjyD; oif\ 'l;acgif;ay:wGif xm;yg/

(5) nTefMum;csuft& vlemud k rwif NyD; rwfwyf&yfyg/

(6) nTefMum;csuft& vlemtm;oif\ ud k,fjzif h n§yfxm;yg/

(7) nTefMum;csuft& vlemtm;owfrSwfxm;onf hae&mESifh OD;wnfxm;onhf t&yfod k U vrf;avQmufNyD; a&T Uajymif;o,faqmifyg/

pmrsufES m - 62

7/26/2019 ADPC.



tcef ; (13)

tajccHa&S;OD;olemjyKpk jcif ;

13-1

a&S;OD;olemjyKpkenf;

(DRABC)

DR ABC enf;vrf;ud k rSwfom;xm;yg/

2/ wkH Y jyefjcif;

vlem\yckH;tm; nifompG m vIyf,rf;í ]]oif aeomxd kifom &S d&J Uvm;}} [kar;jref;yg/

- vlem owd&ygovm;/

- vlem owdarhaeygovm;/

1/ tEÅ&m,f

vlemtm; tultnDay;&eftwGuf tcif;jzpfyG m;onf h ae&mywf0ef;usiftm;ab;uif; rI &S d-r&S d qef;ppfyg/ xdkodk U jyKvkyf&mwGif-

- oifudk,fwdkif?- tjcm;olrsm;ESif h - vlem\ ab;uif;rIwd kU &S dap&ygrnf/

3/ avvrf;aMumif;

- avvrf;aMumif; &Sif;&J Uvm;/- avvrf;aMumif; yGif h&J Uvm;/

4/ touf½SLjcif;

- &ifbwf jrif hwufrI &S d-r&S d Munf hyg/- vlem\ yg;pyf (od kYr[kwf) ESmacgif;rSavrsm; xGufjcif; &Sd-r&Sd

em;axmifyg/- vlem touf½S Ljcif; &Sd-r&S d oif\ yg;jzifh xdawGY cHpm;Munfyg/

5/ aoG;vnfywfjcif;- aoG;ckefEIef;prf;í &ygovm;/- touf&Sifaomvu©Pmrsm; awG Uygovm;/ touf&S d onf[k

,lqavmufonf h xif&S m;aomvu©Pmrsm; awGUygovm;/

pmrsufES m - 63

7/26/2019 ADPC.



13-2

touf½SL tm;uljyKpkjcif;ESif h ESvkH;zdES dyf EId;qGjcif;

13-2-1 t dyÜg,fzGif Yqdkcsuf

touf½S L tm;uljyKpkjcif;ESif h ESvkH;zdES dyf EI d;qGjcif; qd konfrS m ESvk H;&yfwef Yjcif; (od k Yr[kwf )

touf½S LrI &yfwef YoG m;ol\ toufu,fEdkif&ef wpfckxufyd konfh vG,fulaomtouf½SLenf;pepfrsm;pG m aygif;pyfxm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ xd kod kU aqmif&Guf Ed kif&ef touf½S L tm;ulenf; (yg;pyfrSyg;pyfod kY touf½SLtm;ulenf;)ESif h &ifbwf ay:od k YzdESdyfEI d;qGjcif;wd k Ytm; wwfajrmufxm;&ef vd ktyfygonf/ xd kenf;rsm;tm; tok H;jyK&mwGiftcsdefud kufvkyfaqmifrIESif h wdusonfhtpDtpOftwd kif; vkyfaqmif oGm;&ef vd ktyfygonf/

13-2-2

t½G,fa&mufNyD;ol (8ESpftxuf)rsm;ESif h uav;oli,f (1ESpfrS

8ESpf)rsm; twGu

f CPR

vkyfaqmifjcif;

ajrjyifwGif rvIyfr,SufEdkif vJusaeolud k awG UvQif

CPR vkyfaqmif&ef vdkrvdk tuJjzwfyg/

vlemu rwkefUjyefEdkifvQif vlemu wkefUjyefEdkifvQif

• tjcm;olrsm;ud k owday;NyD; tultnD ac:,lyg/

• vlemudk wpfapmif;vJavsmif;aeygap/

•

vlemud k cdkifrmaom od kUr[kwf NidrfaomrsufES mjyifwGif wifxm;yg/ •

vlemudk bmjzpfovJ ar;jref;yg/

• acgif;armh ar;aph yifhNyD;touf½S Lvrf;aMumif;yGif hatmif jyKvkyfyg/

• vlemudk aq;cef; aq;½H kod kUydk Uaqmif&ef pDpOfyg/

•

touf½S LrIud k 5puúef U ppfaq;yg/

&ifywf jrif hwuf vmovm;•

aq;½H k aq;cef;od k U yd kUaqmifpOf vlem\ tajctaeud k qufvufí

rSwfom;&ef 10

atmufwGifazmfjyxm;onfh t&yfzuf u,fq,folrsm;twGuf enf;vrf;rsm;onf rS

xkwfa0aom pmtkyfud k tajccHygonf/

pmrsufES m - 64

7/26/2019 ADPC.



1. tEÅ&m,fuif;½Sif;rIudk ppfaq;yg/ vJusaeolxH rcsOf;uyfrD oifud k,fwd kif tEÅ&m,fuif;aMumif; aocsmygap/

Munf hyg/ yg;pyfESif h ESmacgif;rS

avxGufovm;

em;axmifyg/ yg;ESif huyfíavwdk;rwd k; prf;oyfyg/

apmif hMunfhyg/

2. oif hawmfaom wpfOD;csif; tumtuG,fypönf;ud&d,m0wfpH k (PPE) ½SdvQif 0wfqifyg/

3. vJusaeolud k wkefUjyefEk difjcif; ½S dr½S d ppfaq;yg/ tomt,m ykwfí ]]owd&vm;}}

[k ar;jref;yg/

rSwfcsuf/ touf½S LrIwfoGif;pOf avr0ifbJ ydwfaevQif OD;acgif;ud k taetxm;ajymif;yg? odk Ur[kwf jyefapmif;yg/ xk dUaemuf xyfrHí rIwfoGif;ay;yg/ avr0ifao;bJ ½S dvQif touf½S Lvrf;aMumif; ydwfjcif;? av>yefqd k Ujcif; jzpfEk difonf[k rouFmzG,f jzpfonf/ (av>yefqd k Ujcif;twGuf vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;ud kMunf hyg/)

vlem toufr½SLvQif vlem touf½SLvQif

• yHkrSeftouf½SLrI2Budrfpm ay;yg/wpfBudrfvQif

1puúef Ujzpfygonf/

vlemud k wpfapmif;vJavsmif;aomtaetxm;wGif

xm;½Sday;yg/

• qufvufí &ifacgif;ud k jyifyrSzday;yg/

touf½S Lvrf;aMumif; yGif hatmifxm;yg/

acgif;udk armh? ar;aphud k r

yg;pyfwGif;rS oG m;&nfrsm; ppfxkwfyg/

apmifhqdkif;aepOfESif h o,f,lydk Uaqmifay;pOf vlem\ tajctaeud k qufvufíapmifhMunh fyg/

pmrsufES m - 65

7/26/2019 ADPC.



&ifacgif;udk jyifyrS zday;jcif;rsm;

(1) vlem\ &ifbwfbufod kU rsufESmrlí 'l;axmufyg/ (2) vufzaemif hud k Ed k UoD; 2zuftMum;&ifñGefU½dk;ay: &ifñGef Utv,fae&mwGifxm;yg/

(3)

,if;vufay:wGif usefvufwpfzuf\ vufzaemif hjzifh zdyg/ (4) vlem\ &ifywfud k vufacsmif;ESifh rxdatmif xm;yg/ (5) ykcH k;ud k vuftay:wnf hwnfha&mufatmif ae&m,lyg/ wpfawmifqpfud k

qefUwef;NyD; vufud k wpfajzmifhwnf;jzpfap&rnf/ uav;oli,frsm;/ uav;oli,f\ cE¨mud k,ft½G,ftpm;ay: rlwnfícE¨ mud k,f ao;i,faom uav;jzpfygu vufwpfzufjzif h &ifacgif;ud k zdvQif vHkavmufygonf/

(6) &ifacgif;udk tBudrf 30 zdNyD; 2Budrf touf½S LrIwfoGif;yg/ 2rdepftwGif; 5ausmh jynfhatmif qufvkyfyg/

(7) ]]wpfBudrf? ESpfBudrf? oH k;Budrf}} [k tBudrf30 jynf honftxd toHxGufía&wGufyg/ tBudrf 30 zdNyD;wd kif; 2Budrf touf½SLí avrIwfoGif;yg/ zdES dyf&mwGif acsmarG UpGm pnf;csufusus tjywftawmufr½Sd zdES dyf&rnf/

(8) tBudrf 30zdNyD; 2Budrf touf½S LrIwfoGif;jcif;ud k 5ausmhjynf hatmif jyKvkyfNyD;

aomtcg vlemtouf½S Lr½S L touf½Sdonf h vu©Pm awG UrawG U 5puúef UMumapmif hMunfhyg/

touf&S Ltm;uljyKpkjcif;ESif h ESvk H;zdESdyf EId;qGjcif;ud k qufvuf vkyfaqmif&ef taetxm;rsm;rSm -

pmrsufES m - 66

7/26/2019 ADPC.



- vlemwGiftouf&S Ljcif;?od kYr[kwf touf&Sifonfh vu©Pm rawGYyguavrIwfoGif;(2)cg tjynf ht0ay;jyD; ESvk H;zdESdyf EId;qGjcif;tm; vkyfaqmifyg/ tqdkygaqmif&GufrI5MudrfjyD;wd kif; aoG;ckefEIef;ud k prf;oyfppfaq;yg/

-

vlemonf toufpwif&S LvmjyD; touf&Sifonfh vu©Pm jyvmyguusef;rma&;ppfaq;olrsm;ra&mufrD pyfMum;umvwGif avvrf;aMumif;&Sif;vif;ap&efab;apmif;vJavsmif;xm;yg/

rSwfom;&ef 11

vlemwGif oifhudktEå&m,fjzpfaprnf h ul;pufwwfaoma&m*g&S donf[k ,lqygu

a&S;OD;olemjyKpkolonf touf½SLtm;uljcif;ud krjyKvkyfoif hyg/ tultnDa&mufvmcsdef txdjyifyrS ESvk H;zdESdyfEId;qGjcif;ud komaqmif&Gufoif hygonf/

touf½SLtm;uljyKpkjcif;ESif h E SvkH;zdES dyfEI d;qGjcif;udk &yfem;&rnfhtcsdef

atmufygtajctaersm;wGifom &ifacgif;zdES dyfjcif;udk &yfem;&ygrnf-

oifudk,fwdkifqufvufvkyfaqmif&efrwwfEd kifavmufatmif armyef;vmvQif

touf½S Ltm;uljcif;ESif h zdES dyfEI d;qGjcif;tm; aqmif&Gufwwfonf h tjcm;ol wpfOD;?odk Yr[kwfaq;ynmuG srf;usifolwpfOD;rStpm;xd k;vkyfaqmif ay;vmvQif

wm0ef&S dolwpfOD;OD;?trsm;tm;jzif hq&m0efu vlemtm; aoqk H;onf[k aMunmvQif

'kwd,vlESifhtwl touf½SLtm;uljyKpkjcif;ESif h &ifacgif;zdES dyfjcif;

tcif;jzpfyGm;&mae&mütouf½S Ltm;uljcif;ESif h &ifacgif;zdES dyfjcif; aqmif&GufEd kifol(2)OD;&S daeygu&ifacgif;zdES dyfjcif;ud k jyKpkol(2)OD;rS atmufygtwd kif;vkyfaqmifay;Edkifygonf -

1/ 'kwd,vlonf yxrvlESifh rsufES m csif;qd kif taetxm;wGif vlem\ab;ü'l;axmufxdkifcsjyD; vlem\OD;acgif;ud k tenf;i,faemufod kY vSefí arhaMumay:&S d

aoG;ckefEIef; tm; (5)puúef YrQ ppfaq;yg/

pmrsufES m - 67

7/26/2019 ADPC.



2/ aoG;ckefEIef;r&S dygu 'kwd,a&S;OD;olemjyKpkolonf touf½S L tm;uljyKpkjcif;ud k 2Mudrf tjynf ht0 vkyfaqmifay;jyD; ESvk H;zdES dyfEI d;qGjcif;tm; qufvuf vkyfaqmifyg/

3/

xdkodk Y vkyfaqmifaeonf htcgwGif yxrvlonf 'kwd,vl vkyfaqmifonfh ESvk H;zdES dyfEI d;qGjcif;tm; xda&mufrI &S d-r&S dudk touf½SLtm;uljyKpkjcif;jyKvkyfonf htcgwGif vlem\ &ifbwfazgif;<urI &S d-r&S dESif h &ifbwfay:wGif ESvk H;zdESdyfEI d;qGrI jyKvkyfonf htcgü ar;aMumay:wGif aoG;ckefjcif; (twkta,mifaoG;ckefEIef;) &Sd-r&Sd ud k apmif hMunfhprf;oyfavhvmyg/

13-2-3 uav;rsm;tm; touf½SL tm;ulay;jcif;

vlemonf touf 1 ESpfatmufarG;uif;p^uav;i,f jzpfygu atmufygtcsufrsm;ud k vkyfaqmifyg-

uav;onfvIyf&S m;rIr&Sdygu-

uav;tm; ESvk H;zdESdyfEI d;qGjcif;aqmif&Guf&ef vkd-rvd k qef;ppfyg/

1/ ab;uif;vH kjcH KrI&Sd-r&Sdqef;ppfyg/ oif htwGufab;uif;rI&SdrSomvQif vlem teD;odk Y

csOf;uyfyg/

pmrsufES m - 68

7/26/2019 ADPC.



2/ &&S dEdkifygu oif havsmfaom ab;uif;vHkjcH Ka&; toH k;taqmifrsm;(Personal

Protective Equipment-PPE )wyfqiftoH k;jyKyg/3/ wkef YjyefrI&Sd-r&Sdppfaq;yg/ajcaxmuf wpfzuf?odk Yr[kwfyck H;udk nifompGm ykwfyg/

4/

uav;rSwkefYjyefrI r&S dvQif tjcm;olrsm;udk today;yg? tultnD awmif;yg/5/ vlemtm; taetxm;rSefjzif hxm;yg/ - vlemtm;yH hyd k;rIay;Ed kifaom tcif;ay:wGif

vJavsmif;xm;yg/ OD;acgif;ESifh vnfyif;ud kyH hyd k;rIay;yg/6/ avvrf;aMumif;tm; zGif hxm;yg - oif\vuftm; vlem\ ezl;ay:wGif

wifxm;yg/ OD;acgif;ud kwnf hrwfap&efaemufod k YnifompG mzdxm;ay;yg/ uav;\OD;acgif;ESifh vnfyif;wd k Yudk vd ktyfonfxuf yd krd kí qJGqef Yjcif;rsd K; rjyKvkyf&yg/

7/ oif\ tjcm;vufudk vlem\ ar;½dk; atmufwGif xm;yg/ acgif;ud k tenf;i,farmhatmif ar;½d k;udk jr§if hxm;yg/

8/ uav;i,ftouf&S Ljcif;&S d-r&Sdppfaq;yg - oif\em;tm; vlem\yg;pyfESif hES macgif;ay:wGif xm;yg/ &ifbwfjrif hwufvmjcif; &Sd-r&S d Munf hyg/ touf&S LoH em;axmif Munf hyg/ xdawG UcHpm; Munfhyg/

pmrsufES m - 69

7/26/2019 ADPC.



9/ touf½S Ltm;ulrIjyKvkyfay;yg - oif\yg;pyftm;zGif hí toufud k &S LoGif;yg/uav;\ ES macgif;ESif h yg;pyfud kvHkatmif iHkvsuf avud k rIwfoGif;yg/ wpfBudrfESifh wpfMudrfMum; acwÅ em;yg/ &ifbwfjrif hwufvmjcif; &S d-r&S d Munf hyg/ touf&S L

oHem;axmif Munf hyg/ xdawG UcHpm; Munfhyg/owdjyK&efrS m avrIwfoGif;onf htcgavaumif;pGm0ifa&mufjcif;r&Sd,k,lqvQif OD;acgif;ud ktaetxm;ajymif;ay;yg/ aemufod k Ytenf;i,fxyfwGef;ay;yg/ avrIwfoGif;jcif;xyfrHvkyfaqmifyg/ av0ifa&mufjcif;tay:t[ef Ytwm;&S d aeao;ygu avjyGefvrf;aMumif;twGif;wpfpH kwpf&mydwfqdk Yaejcif;&Sd r&S doHo,&S doif hygonf/(}]]qd kYeifjcif;}}tcef;wGifavhvmEd kifygonf/)

jyifyrS&iacgif;zdES dyfjcif;(uav;i,f)

1/ uav;i,f\&ifbwfud krsufESmrlyg/2/ oif\ vufcv,fESif h vufñdI;udkuav;\Ed k YoD;acgif;atmuf&S d &ifnGef Y½d k;ay:

wGif wifxm;yg/3/ &ifbwfzdES dyfjcif; tMudrf30 jyKvkyfyg/

wpfMudrf jyKvkyfonf h tcgwd kif;wGif &ifbwfud k f vufr0ufrS 1 vufrtxdedrf hatmifzdESdyfyg/

4/ &ifbwfzdESdyfrI tMudrf30ESifh avrIwfoGif;rI 2 Mudrfudk 2ausmhjyKvkyfjcif;onf2 rdepfcef YMumygonf/

5/ wpf?ESpf?oH k;[k oH k;q,ftxd a&wGufyg/ tMudrf30jyKvkyfjyD;wd kif;avrIwfoGif;jcif;

2MudrfjyKvkyfyg/ zdES dyfjcif;onfajyjypfrI&S d&rnf/ pnf;csufrSef&rnf/ Mum;wGif&yfem;jcif;r&Sd&yg/

6/ ESvkH;zdESyf EI d;qGjcif; tMudrf30ESifh avrIwfoGif;jcif; 2 Mudrfudk5ausmhjyKvkyfjyD;ygutouf&S ljcif;&Sd r&S d?touf&Sifonf h vu©Pm &Sd r&Sd 5puúefYMumqef;ppfyg/

pmrsufES m - 70

7/26/2019 ADPC.



13-2-4 touft½G ftvdkuf CPR vkyfaqmifyHk EI dif; SOfcsuftusOf;csKyf

vkyfaqmifcsuf

vlBuD;

(8ESpftxuf)

uav; (1ESpfrS

8ESpf)

arG;puav;

(1ESpftxd)

wpO;wn;jzpaevQif tultnD ac:yg/

vlemonwkef UjyefrI r½S d[k od&aomtcgcsufcsif; ac:yg/

CPRudk 2rdepfvkyfNyD;ac:yg/

CPRud k 2rdepfvkyfNyD;ac:yg/

CPR vuf taetxm;

vuESpzuudk Ed k UoD;2zuftMum;

&ifñGef U½d k;tay:&ifñTef Utv,fwGifxm;yg/

vuwpzuod kUr[kwf ESpfzufud k

Ed kUoD;2zuftMum;&ifñGef U½d k;tay:&ifñTef U tv,fwGif xm;yg/

vuacsmi;2acsmi;udk Ed k UoD;2zuf qufoG,f

aom rsOf;atmuf &ifñGef U½dk;ay:wGif xm;½S dyg/

CPR zdES dyf&mwGif &ifacgif;

edrfhqif;&rnf htwd kif;twm

1vurcGJrS 2vufr

&itkyxk 3yH k1yHk rS wpf0uftxd

&itkyxk 3yHk1yH k rSwpf0uftxd

rSwfom;&ef 12

xyfcgwvJvJ avhusif hyg !!!CPR uRrf;usifrIrsm;rSm yH krSeftoHk;jyK&aom uRrf;usifrIrsm; r[kwfojzif h vkyfxH k;vkyfenf;rsm;udk arhavsmhNyD; uRrf;usifrIrsm; avsmhenf;usqif;oGm;wwfonf/avhusif hom;jynf h0rS trSm;uif;rnf/

pmrsufES m - 71

7/26/2019 ADPC.



13-3

qdkYeifjcif;ESifhtouf&SLvrf;aMumif; ydwfqdk Y jcif;

touf&SLvrf;aMumif;twGif; jyifyrS t&m0wÅ Krsm; 0ifa&mufvsuf&Sdonf h vlemrsm;taejzif h owdarhajrmjcif; r&S dao;onf htjyif aoG;vnfywfrI &S daeaomfvnf;

vnfacsmif;twGif; rsm;aomtm;jzif h tpmrsm;ydwfqdk YaeaomaMumif h touf½SLrI cufcJ aeonfudk awGU&S d&ygonf/ av>yefvrf;aMumif;twGif; tpm;tpmrsm; 0ifa&mufydwfqd k Yaejcif;onf t&ufaopm aomufok H;jyD;onf htcgwGif tjzpfrsm;avhjyD; xd kod k Yjzpf&jcif;rS m vnfacsmif;twGif; ajcmufaoG Uonf h xdawG YcHpm;rIaMumif h jzpfavY&S dygonf/ rsm;aomtm;jzifh vnfacsmif;ydwfqdk Yvsuf&Sdonf h vlemrsm;onf 4if;wd kY\ vnfyif;uk d vufrESif h vufacsmif;Mum;wGif ñSyfxm;onfh taetxm;wGif&S donf/ xd kod k Yvu©Pmrsm;onf touf&S lvrf;aMumif;ydwfqdk YrItwGuftrsm;em;vnfxm;aomvu©Pmwpf&yfjzpfygonf/

uav;rsm;onf vlBuD;rsm;xuf touf&SLvrf;aMumif;ydwfqd kYrI tMudrfta&twGuf rsm;avh&S djyD; rsm;aomtm;jzif h t&m0wÅ K?od kYr[kwf tpm;tpm tyd kif;tprsm; ydwfqd k Yavh &Sdygonf/ xd kod kYjzpfygu uav;tm; aq;½k H&S dta&;ay:tcef;od k Y csufcsif;yd kYaqmif&ef vd ktyfjyD; vrf;wpfavQmufwGif yg;pyfrS yg;pyfod k Y EIwfcrf;csif;awhí touf ½S LoGif;rI tqufrjywf jyKvkyfay;&ef vd ktyfygonf/

13-3-1

owdarhajrmjcif;r&Sdonhfvlemtm;ppfaq;jcif;

av>yefvrf;aMumif;twGif; wpfpH kwpf&mqdk Yeifaeonf[k ,lq&aomvlemtm; OD;pGmpum;ajymEd kifjcif; &S d-r&S d qef;ppfyg/

1/ pum;ajymEd kifygu avvrf;aMumif;onf vk H;0ydwfqdk Yjcif; r&S dojzif hydwfqd k Yaeonf h tpm;tpm ?od k Yr[kwft&m0wÅ Ktm; 4if;udk,fwdkif acsmif;qd k;jcif;jzif hvnf;aumif;? vnfacsmif;&Sif;vif;jcif; enf;jzif hvnf; aumif;?odk Yr[kwf 4if;\vufacsmif;rsm;ud k tok H;jyKívnf;aumif; vlemudk,fwdkif

xGufvmap&ef aqmif&Gufay;Ed kifygonf/2/ vlemonf pum;ajymqdkEd kifjcif; r&Sdygu avvrf;aMumif;onf vk H;0ydwfqd k Yae

ojzifh ydwfqd kYaeonfh t&m0wÅ Ktm; &Sif;vif;Ed kifa&;twGuf taxmuftul ay;oif Yygonf/ ,if;odk Yaqmif&Guf&ef toH k;jyKoifh onf henf;vrf;rSm]][if;rvpf&S f vIyf&S m;aqmif&GufrI}} [kac:aom 0rf;Ad kuf tm;qJGíronf h vkyfaqmifrIjzpfygonf/

pmrsufES m - 72

7/26/2019 ADPC.



13-3-2

&ifacgif;? 0rf;AdkufMuGufom;rsm;tm; qJGírjcif; ?odk Yr[kwf [if;rvpf&Sf

vIyf&Sm;aqmif&Gufjcif;

vlMuD;

1/

vlemtm; rwfwyf&yfEd kifatmif ulnDyg/2/ vlem&yfvsuf taetxm;wGif vlem\

taemufrSae í 4if;\cg;tm; oif\ vufjzif h

odkif;zufyg/3/ oif\ vufwpfbufud k vufoD;qky fo@mef

jyKvkyfjyD; vufryd kif;tm; vlem\0rf;Ad kuf

(csuffESif h eH ½ dk;tdrfMum;&Sdtyd kif;) ESifhxdxm;yg/

4/

oif\vufoD; qkyfxm; onf hvufaumuf 0wf

tm; tjcm; vufwpfbufjzif h tkyfudkif í

tm;jzifh twGif;yd kif;ESif h tay:yd kif;od kY zd í rjcif; jyKvkyfyg/ wpfcsufcsif;

tm;jzifhqG Jryg/

touft&G,ftvGefi,faomuav;i,f

1/

uav; OD;acgif;ESif h vnfyif;tm; vufwpfzufjzifh xdef;xm;jyD;?oif\vufzsHay: uav;\OD;acgif;ud k ud k,fvHk;xufES drf hjyD; arS mufvsufwifyg/oif\ aygifjzif hxdef;xm;yg/ (1 ESpf? 2 ESpft&G,f jzpfygu aygifay:wGif tvsm;vdkuf wifxm;yg/2 ESpftxuft&G,f jzpfygu aygifESpfzufay:wGifwnf hwnf hwifxm;yg/)

2/ vufjyef ½ d k;ESpfck\ tv,fausmwnf hwnfhwGif oif\vufzaemif hjzif h t&S defoH k; í

ig;csuf ½ d kufvd kufyg/

3/

NyD;vQifuav;\OD;acgif;ud kxdef;xm;jyD; oif\vufESpfzufMum;wGif uav;udk d knSyfxm;jyD;yufvufjyefvSefyg/ OD;acgif;yd kif;ud kESdrf hxm;yg/&ifacgif;atmufyd kif;wGifoif\ vufoH k;acsmif;jzif h cyfqwfqwf ig;csufzdyg/

4/ þod k U uav;\ ausmESifh &ifud k wpfvSnfhpD zdES dyfNyD; t&m0w Å KxGufvmatmif

jyKvkyf Edkifygonf/

pmrsufES m - 73

mailto:o@ef

mailto:o@ef

7/26/2019 ADPC.



1 ESpfrS 2 ESpft&G,fuav;udk jyKpkyHkom;t&G,fuav;udk jyKpkyHk

Heimlich Maneuver vkyfaqmifaepOf vlemonf ½kwfw&uf owdvpf oG m;vQif

…

1.

vlem\ OD;acgif;ESif h vnfyif;ud k yH hyd k;ay;xm;NyD; ajrjyifay:wGif vJavsmif;ygap/

2. tjcm;olrsm;ud k owday;NyD; tultnDac:,lyg/ 3. acgif;armh-ar;aphyif hNyD; touf½S Lvrf;aMumif;ud k zGif hyg/4. yg;pyfzGif hNyD; jyifyt&m0w¬ Krsm; 0ifaejcif; ½S dr½S d ppfaq;yg/ 5. jyifyt&m0w¬ Krsm; rawG U&vQif yHkrSeftouf½S Laom avyrmP 2Budrf

wpfBudrfvQif 1puúef UpD rIwfoGif;yg/

6.

&ifacgif;udk tBudrf 30 zdNyD; av2Budrf rIwfoGif;yg/ 2rdepftwGif; 5ausmhNyD;atmif vkyfay;yg/

7. touf½S LrIwfoGif;pOf rMumrMum yg;pyfwGif;wGif jyifyt&m0w¬ Krsm; ½S dr½S d Munf hyg/

8. jyifyt&m0w¬ Krsm; awG Ujrifae&vQif z,f½S m;ay;yg/ 9. vlemtoufjyef½S LvmvQif wpfapmif; vJavsmif;ygap/

10.

vlem\ tajctaeud k qufvuf apmif hMunf hyg/

pmrsufES m - 74

7/26/2019 ADPC.



rSwfom;&efrsm;

1 u,fq,fa&;vkyfief;rsm; aqmif&GufaepOftwGif; jzpfEd kifygu vufrsm;ud k toH k;jyKyg/ a*:jym;rsm;ud ktoH k;jyKonhftcgwGif rawmfwqjzpfrIaMumih f

xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dxm;onh f vlemtm;xyfrHíxdcdkuf'Pf&mrjzpfatmif wm;qD;Edkif &ef owdxm; ud kifwG,f toH k;jyK &rnfjzpfygonf/

2 u,fq,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;wGif ta&;BuD;qH k;yk*¾ dKvfrSm u,fq,fol jzpfygonf/

3 a&wdrfaomfvnf; tvsiftjrefpD;qif;aeonfh a&xJwGif rwfwyf&yfjcif; onf tvGef Y tvGefyif ab;tEÅ&m,fjzpfapEdkifygonf/

4 oih fywf0ef;usifwGif&Sdonh f tEÅ &m,fjyKEd kifonh f vQyfppfyg0grsm;ud k tjrJ &S mazGyg/ 5 rD;avmifuRrf;rIt&if;cHud k pdppfwGufcsufjcif;jzih f oifonf rD;avmifuRrf;rItm;

ysH UES HUjcif;rS umuG,fEd kif&efESihf rD;Nid§rf;owfEd kif&ef rnfok d YrnfyHk jyKvkyfaqmif&Guf &rnf qd konfud k odapEd kifygonf/ rD;avmifuRrf;rItrsKd;rsKd; &S douJ hok dY rD;Nid §rf;owf onh fenf;vrf;trsKd;rsKd;&S dygonf/ xdk YaMumifh rSm;,Gif;pG ma&G;cs,frdygu xda&mufrI r&S djcif;? xdcd kuf'Pf&m&&S dEk difjcif; ?od kYr[kwf rD;tm; yd krd kqdk;&G m;pG m avmifuRrf;apjcif;rsm; jzpfay:apEk difygonf/

6 rD;Nid §rf;owf&mwGif rD;awmufrsm;ud k rcsdefygESif h?atmufajcudkomcsdefyg/7 Bud K;xH k;tm;vH k;wGif oD;jcm;&nf½G,fcsufrsm; ½S dMuygonf/ awG UMuH Kae&aom tajc

taeESif h udkufnDonf h BudK;xH k;trsd K;tpm;ud k toH k;jyKwwf&ef ta&;BuD;ygonf/8 u,fq,folrsm;taejzihf rnfonh ftaMumif;aMumih frS rdrdwdk Y\ tusÐrsm;ud k

cRwfay;jcif;rjyKvkyf&yg/ xk dok d YjyKvkyfygu ¤if;wd kY\ usef;rma&;? aumif;&maumif;usKd;rsm;ud k xdcd kufapEd kifjcif; (ok d Yr[kwf ) ¤if;wd kY\ vkyfief;rsm;ud k xda&mufpG maqmif&GufEd kifrIwd k Yud k avsmhyg;apEd kifjcif;rsm; jzpfapEdkifygonf/

9 ta&;ay: ajymif;a&T UrIudk vlemtay: csufcsif; wdkuf½d kuftEÅ &m,f usa&muf

Ed kifrSomvQif jyKvkyfaqmif&Gufay;&rnf jzpfygonf/10 atmufwGifazmfjyxm;onfh t&yfzuf u,fq,folrsm;twGuf enf;vrf;rsm;onfrS xkwfa0aom pmtkyfudk tajccHygonf/

11 vlemwGifoifhudktEå&m,fjzpfaprnf h ul;pufwwfaom a&m*g&S donf[k ,lqygua&S;OD;olemjyKpkolonf touf½S Ltm;uljcif;udk rjyKvkyfoif hyg/ tultnD a&mufvm csdeftxd jyifyrS ESvk H;zdESdyfEId;qGjcif;ud komaqmif&Gufoif hygonf/

pmrsufES m - 75

7/26/2019 ADPC.



12 xyfcgwvJvJ avhusif hyg !!!

CPR uRrf;usifrIrsm;rSm yH krSeftoHk;jyK&aom uRrf;usifrIrsm; r[kwfojzif hvkyfxH k;vkyfenf;rsm;ud k arhavsmhNyD; uRrf;usifrIrsm; avsmhenf;usqif; oG m;wwf

onf/ avhusif hom;jynfh0rS trSm;uif;rnf/

pmrsufES m - 76

7/26/2019 ADPC.



pmrsufES m - 77

List of the participants of the Wider Consultation Workshop on CBDRM Manuals’ held

on 21st October 2009 at Yangon

Sr.

No.Name Organisation E-mail

1 Thang BoiMetta Dev.

[email protected]

2 K.G. Mathaikutty LWF [email protected]

3 Toshihiro Tanaka UNDP [email protected]

4 Dr. Yinn Mar Myo Aung Tdh-It [email protected]

5 Srinivas Popuri UN-HABITAT

[email protected]

6 Nadve Wakeed UN-HABITAT

7 Soe Win UN-HABITAT [email protected]

8 Zaw Linn Oo Archenova [email protected]

9 Naomi Anatol French Red Cross [email protected]

10 Suriya Aslim ASEAN HTF [email protected]

11 Myint Myint San UNESCO mm.san@unesco@org

12 Tom McNelly ACF [email protected]

13 Anggiet Ariefianto ASEAN HTF [email protected]

14 Euima Deaonder CARE [email protected]

15 MMK UNDP

16 Alex UNDP

17 Dillip Kumar Bhanja UNDP [email protected]

18 Aung Kyi UNDP

19 Soe Soe Tun UNDP [email protected]

20 Lat Lat Aye ADPC [email protected]

21 Maung Maung Khin MRCS [email protected]

22 Sital Kumar Action Aid [email protected]

23 Aye Kyaing UNDP [email protected]

24 Stenly Sajow UNFPA [email protected]

25 Sudhir Kumar ADPC [email protected]

26 Than Than Myint ADPC [email protected]

27 Maung Khank ADPC [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]












mailto:mm.san@unesco@org
























mailto:mm.san@unesco@org







7/26/2019 ADPC.



pmrsufES m - 78

udk;um;pmtkyfpmwrf;rsm;

1. Health and first aid in community documental, Vietnam Red Cross, 1998

2. Responding to Emergency, Australian Red Cross

3.

Essential First aid documental, New Zealand Red Cross

4. Fire Services Department

5. First Aid Training, Course Material, MRCS Training Unit, Myanmar

6. First Aid, A Hand Book for Community Based Disaster Preparedness, Gujarat

State Disaster Management Authority and United Nations Development

Programme, India

7. Community Based Emergency Response Course (CBERC), ADPC

8. Collapsed Structure Search and Rescue (CSSR) Course, ADPC

9.

Medical First Responder (MFR), ADPC

7/26/2019 ADPC.


adpc.ရပ္ရြာအေျချပဳ ရွာေဖြကယ္ဆယ္ေရး...

Documents