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Context – Additional Listening Comprehension

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Transcript: Modern Media – Tools or Tyrants? KV 1

Context | Additional Listening Comprehension

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Modern Media – Tools or Tyrants?

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How digital messages excite us

Transcript

Leigh Alexander: Hey, Leigh here. Question for you. ((ping)) How did that make you feel? Did you check

your phone? Ok, how about this? ((buzz)) Heart skip a beat? Did you feel that rush of

adrenaline through your body? Today’s episode is about that feeling and how that feeling

can drive you – a gratification-seeking human – to do things that you might not

otherwise do. I’m joined by my producer Matt for this one.

Matt Shore: Hey Leigh. So, you know those nights where you’re out at the club or the bar with your

friends? Then you head home afterwards. It’s three or four a.m. and you get kind of

desperate and you text your ex – not speaking from experience …

Leigh Alexander: Well, yeah. I don’t know about that. But I mean I’ve definitely left a lot of impulsive and

regrettable texts in my wake.

Matt Shore: Yeah, we all have. Well, you know that exact moment when you hit ‘send’ on that

message that you shouldn’t be sending to the person you shouldn’t be texting in the first

place? And it feels really gratifying.

Leigh Alexander: Yeah, and it kind of comes with the thrill of doing something that you know you’re not

supposed to be doing.

Matt Shore: Yeah. So that feeling – that feeling of pleasure that you get when you send that message

to your ex or your phone rings or you get that new email…

Leigh Alexander: Or like that jolt of excitement when one of your tweets hits a hundred ‘likes’.

Matt Shore: Hey, not all of us have a hundred-thousand Twitter followers, Leigh.

Leigh Alexander: Half of them are bots.

Matt Shore: Well, it turns out, there’s a huge amount of psychology behind that sensation. And

you’re actually not the only one experiencing it. Millions and millions of people get that

exact same shot of adrenaline every single day.

Leigh Alexander: From the Guardian I’m Leigh Alexander.

Matt Shore: And I’m Matt Shore. It’s Chips with Everything. Here is the show.

Leigh Alexander: Today’s show starts off with an art curator based in Brooklyn.

Lindsey Howard: My name is Lindsey Howard. I’m an independent curator based in New York and I

specialize in digital art and culture.

Matt Shore: Lindsey’s days are made up of conducting studio visits, talking with artists and going to

see exhibitions and artists around spaces.

Lindsey Howard: And really … a lot of my practice evolves out of these conversations with artists, making

connections between their work and seeing what they’re in dialogue with.

Matt Shore: And the reason we wanted to have Lindsey on for this episode is because she recently

curated an art exhibition all about those little bursts of dopamine that our body gives us

when the technologies that we surround ourselves with excite us.

Leigh Alexander: Exactly. And, appropriately she titled her exhibition Temporary Highs.

Lindsey Howard: I think Temporary Highs was a phrase that kept coming up in my mind when I was

experiencing social media, thinking about the kinds of things that I would post or the

responses that I would get. It seemed like it was a hit every time you would get a like,

you’d get a ‘fave’ or you’d get a retweet. And so, Temporary Highs became this

overarching theme that really tied all of these works and impulses together.

Leigh Alexander: So Lindsey goes out, does some research, taps into the local community of artists and

she starts finding creators who are making art that explores this kind of impulsive cycle

of sharing and consumption and how technology enables our reward-seeking behavior.

Lindsey Howard: So I was talking with artists in studio visits and I heard more than once this description

of opening up Twitter, scrolling through, closing Twitter, and immediately opening it

back up again. So I wanted to bring these works together to look at both the pleasure and

the anxiety around these experiences as well as what I identified, you know, in terms of

why do this is really about a constant search for validation and understanding and

essentially connection.

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Modern Media – Tools or Tyrants? KV 1




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How digital messages excite us

You will listen to a podcast in which Leigh Alexander and her co-host Matt Shore discuss social media

addiction with artist Lindsay Howard. You will hear the audio twice. Before listening, read the tasks and

make sure you understand them.

Before listening 1 Sometimes people check their mobile phones for new messages, put it away and immediately

check again for new messages. Explain why do you think they do this?

Individual answers

2 Compare your answers with a partner and discuss what a psychologist would possibly say about

the question in task 1. Individual answers

While listening: gist 3 Listen to the podcast. While listening, take notes on the following questions:

a Give an example of ‘impulsive texting’: e. g. Texting an ex when you get home from the bar .

b What kind of moments create an addictive reaction to social media? e. g. You get 100 ‘likes’ on

Twitter .

c Who is Lindsey Howard? She is an independent curator from New York who specializes in

digital art and culture .

d What is titled ‘temporary highs’? An art project/exhibition that Lindsey Howard created .

e What was the inspiration for Temporary Highs? e. g. Opening Twitter, scrolling through, closing

it and immediately opening it again

While listening: detail 4 Listen to the podcast a second time and indicate who says the following quotes. Tick the correct

box for each quote.

Quote Lindsay

Howard

Leigh

Alexander

Matt Shore

a ‘… how that feeling can drive you, a

gratification-seeking human, to do

things that you might not otherwise do.’

b ‘… millions of people get that exact

same shot of adrenaline every single

day.’

c ‘… enables our reward-seeking

behavior.’

d ‘… the pleasure and anxiety around

these experiences’

e ‘… a constant search for validation

and understanding and essentially

connection.’

x

x

x

x

x





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After listening 5 Explain one or more of the quotes from exercise 4 in your own words.

Individual answers, e. g. a. Since digital messages seem to give us a positive feeling/make us feel

acknowledged, we even do silly things to experience this feeling.

b. Digital messages give all people good feelings. 6 Based on the given synonyms, add the following terms/expressions to the table below and give a

German translation for each of them.

Term/expression Synonym German translation

1. a burst of

2. a jolt of shot of Schub

pleasure enjoyment Erregung

gratification reward Belohnung

compulsive passionate / uncontrollable unkontrolliert

7 Prepare a two-minute statement in which you present your opinion on the problem of social media

addiction presented in the podcast. Individual answers

gratification impulsive pleasure

jolt of burst of





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Fake news and the post-truth world

Transcript

Adam Boulton: Jim, is it people just having a laugh? Is that what it’s about?

Jim Waterson: No, I think it’s genuinely quite a major threat to how we sort of function in sort of how

we have a sort of agenda that, actually, we can discuss things within some reasonable

bounds. We have got almost no control in distribution now which for many reasons

that’s good – you no longer have to rely on a handful of newspapers to get an idea of

what’s going on in the world. On the other hand it means your mate John down the pub,

who previously used to bang on about strange things, about secrets going on that he

couldn’t get out there, can now reach a far bigger audience than a newspaper can and he

can do it with one completely wild, unsubstantiated, unverified story which gets straight

out there, suddenly has 20,000 shares on Facebook. And millions of people who don’t

know any better, think that it’s there for a reason and has some value.

Boulton: And as I understand it, people can actually make money from generating clickbait, is that

right?

Waterson: This is really the classic one. Journalists have always unashamedly tried to push stories

as far as they go. We all love a juicy headline. We all love a great bit of gossip and then

we often push it just that little bit further to try and make people take an interest in it.

And that was how you sold papers, that’s how you get people to watch TV shows, that’s

how you get people to tune in and that was, you know, accepted. The problem this time

is that no one had considered a world in which you have no one controlling the

distribution other than one company, particularly Facebook, based in California, to the

point where, if you just make a completely fake a headline like that rugby player who

says, ‘You know, people are clicking on stories to see I’ve died,’ – obviously you’d click

on that if you’re interested in that as a player, and then they find out that he hasn’t. But

you’ve clicked on the site, you’ve given some ad revenue to the site that you’ve clicked

on, and you’re less interested in the much more mundane, day-to-day news which

traditional outlets are offering. […]

The problem is, there’s always a counter argument, which is that it probably was the

system that needed reforming. It’s probably, in fact it’s definitely much healthier that

new outlets, such as mine, BuzzFeed, can come along and break in entirely thanks to the

internet opening up the news agenda. The downside is that, the problem is, through that

gap are now charging in. We sort of breached the walls and into the gap. Absolutely

everyone is charging in.

Boulton: Now Tom, on Twitter we’ve got the blue tick which says, you know, theoretically it says

it really is you who’s doing this. Technologically, are there any other ways of sort of

sorting stories and saying, ‘Well this is credible, this isn’t credible’?

Tom Cheshire: It is really hard, and as Jim was saying, the problem is that this stuff just flies around,

and even people click on it, and the damage is already done and you send out a rebuttal. I

think what’s interesting is, the big tech companies, you know, they’re kind of founded on

optimism, whether it is Twitter. Everyone thought that this would be a lovely place for

people to talk and, instead, it turns into a den of trolls and horrible abuse. Facebook, the

same sort of thing: that we want to connect people. But both of them rely on advertising

that relies on people really engaging on it and they don’t really mind what you click on.

But I think their site fits, so Mark Zuckerberg, the chief executive of Facebook, had a

lovely fireside chat with Sheryl Sandberg, talking about the year 2016 which was a fairly

disastrous one for Facebook in every other metric than money. But he said, ‘Facebook is

a new kind of platform, it’s not a traditional technology company, it’s not a traditional

media company. You know, we build technology and we feel responsible for how it’s

used.’ That’s a bit different from how it used to be. They used to say, ‘We’re just pipes,

we just put it out there.’ Now they’re going to start thinking a bit more about what they

can do about this.

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Claire Fox: But isn’t there … isn’t there a nervousness here? I mean one of the problems is that

there’s a lot of calls for regulation. We’re seeing Facebook and Twitter under pressure –

but sadly have gone along with it – to start censoring things that they don’t like and so

we actually end up, for those of us who believe in press freedom, and actually the pursuit

of truth requires freedom.

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Fake news and the post-truth world

You will listen to an interview about fake news and the influence of the internet. Host Adam Bouton talks

to journalist Jim Waterson, to technology expert Tom Cheshire and finally to researcher Claire Fox. You

will hear the audio twice. Before listening, read the tasks and make sure you understand them.

Before listening 1 Give a definition of the term ‘fake news’.

Individual answers

2 Talk with a partner. Discuss the impact or possible dangers of fake news. Individual answers

While listening: gist 3 Listen to the interview and then decide which of the following headlines summarizes the whole

discussion best:

a How to make money with fake news

b The challenges created by fake news

c Fake news and their technological background

d Big tech companies and their responsibility in a post-truth world

While listening: detail 4 First read the following tasks and make sure you understand them. Then listen to the interview

again and tick the right answer for each statement.

1 Jim Waterson thinks that there is now one company that controls the distribution of news:

a Google.

b Twitter.

c Facebook.

d Instagram.

2 Jim Waterson outlines two consequences that clicking on links to fake news might result in for

companies and for readers:

a companies: publicity, readers: sharing private details.

b companies: ad revenue, readers: sharing private details.

c companies: publicity, readers: less interest in boring topics.

d companies: ad revenue, readers: less interest in boring topics.

3 Tom Cheshire says big tech companies were ‘founded on optimism’, because they wanted to

make communication …

a easy.

b public.

c profitable.

d international.

x

x

x

x





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4 Cheshire says that Facebook has come to see itself differently because it …

a feels responsible for their users.

b considers itself responsible for hate posts.

c claims it is not responsible for what people post.

d thinks that it is responsible for how their services are used.

5 Claire Fox believes that the times we are living in are increasingly characterized by …

a rules.

b reforms.

c rebellion.

d restlessness.

6 Claire Fox is worried that fake news ultimately threaten the freedom of (the) …

a press.

b people.

c speech.

d information.

After listening 5 Do more research on fake news, post-truth politics and hate posts. Then design an info graphic to

show how they are related to the internet. Use the space below.

Individual answers

x

x

x

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