Activities relevant to

Neutrinos in the UK

Alfons WeberOxford/RAL

Durham, 11-Mar-2011

Motivation

• New experiments are needed to measure q13, determine mass hierarchy and observe CP violation in neutrinos

• CP violation essential ingredient for leptogenesis responsible for matter-antimatter asymmetry

• Next round experiments to search q13: T2K, NOvA, reactor experiments (Double Chooz, Daya Bay, RENO)

Double Chooz

NOvAT2K ND280

Mar 2011

Motivation

• Beyond the next round we have three options:– Super-Beams: (eg FNAL-DUSEL, T2KK, SPL-Frejus, CERN-Pyhasalmi….)– Beta Beams: decay of 6He and 18Ne– Neutrino Factory: decay of 25 GeV muons

Neutrino Factory

SPL-MEMPHYS

Beta Beam

Mar 2011

Neutrino Factory detectors

Mar 2011

Multi PixelPhoton Counter (MPPC)

50-100 kt MIND

Scintillator+WLS fibre

ToroidalB-field:1-2.2 T

14 m

Wrong sign muon identification

Mar 2011

Numu efficiency Anti-numu efficiency

e

e

50%

50%

wrongsignmuon

e

detector

Test muon charge identification capabilities in MIND test beam.

Background: 10-4

Totally Active Scintillator Detector (TASD)

Kp

3 cm

1.5 cm15 m

15 m

15

m

100 m

– 35 kton– 10,000 modules– 1000 cells per plane– Total: 10M channels

Momenta between 100 MeV/c to 15 GeV/c Magnetic field considered: 0.5 T Reconstructed position resolution ~ 4.5 mm Can also do proton decay:

Reduction threshold: access second oscillation maximum and electron identification

TASD

Muon charge mis-ID rate

Visual scans: electron charge ID efficiency (~80%)

At what momentum and density can one perform electron charge ID?

Electron charge ID efficiency

Mar 2011

Relevant WP/Task

Task 8.2.1:– Develop test beam area in H8 beamline (North Area at CERN)– A study of the upgrade of the H8 beam to deliver low energy

electrons, muons and hadrons for neutrino experiment prototypes

Task 8.5.2:– Build a Magnetised Iron Neutrino Detector (MIND) prototype– Install a Totally Active Scintillating Detector prototype inside the

Morpurgo magnet– This will allow to test both electron and muon charge ID in the

same test beam– Apart from the equipment, detectors and electronics we would

also need a DAQ (would the common DAQ be suitable?)– MIND prototype becomes a facility for other users in the test

beam

Mar 2011

Milestones and deliverables

• Task 8.2.1: design study for low energy particle beam line– MS27: Specifications for beam line fixed (month 12)– D8.3: Design study on low energy beam line: Design and

implementation study on a low energy beam to the range of 1 (or possibly less) and 10 GeV (month 26)

• Task 8.5.2: TASD and MIND– MS28: Design of TASD and MIND (month 26) – MS36: Installation of TASD and MIND (month 33)– D8.11: Infrastructure performance and utilization - TASD

and MIND are constructed and tested for their performance. (Will there be test beams in 2014?)

Mar 2011

Low Energy Beamline

Beamline Instrumentation

Totally Active Scintillator prototype in Morpurgo magnet: electron charge ID test

Magnetised Iron prototype:

iron (3 cm) scintillators (2cm)

beam2 m

2 m

B=1 T

3 m

Test beam activity with TASD and MIND prototypes:― Measurement of muon charge ID in MIND― Measurement of electron charge ID in TASD.

Beamline Instrumentation

Beamline Instrumentation

MIND will become an integral part of infrastructure and is used as muon catcher and spectrometer, for testing other prototypes (water Cherenkov, liquid argon, etc.)

Groups that have expressed interest: Geneva (lead), CERN, Fermilab, Valencia, Sofia, UK (Glasgow, RAL/Oxford, Liverpool, Imperial, Warwick, Brunel), France (LLR Palaiseau, IPN Strasbourg, LAPP Annecy), INR Moscow– MIND design: 3-4 cm thick magnetized iron,

two 1.0 cm scintillator planes per iron plate– With 50 planes: depth of ~2 m of iron

plus 100 cm of scintillator– Muon charge separation studies– Hadronic shower resolution studies

up to 20 GeV. – Magnetisation: 1-2 T– Total size prototype: ~2x2x3 m3

– Read out MPPC with T2K electronics

~2000 channels

MIND

Groups that have expressed intererst: Geneva (lead), CERN, Fermilab, Valencia, Sofia, UK (Glasgow, RAL/Oxford, Liverpool, Imperial, Warwick, Brunel), France (LLR Palaiseau, IPN Strasbourg, LAPP Annecy), INR Moscow– TASD prototype: 48-plane unit with

Minerva style scintillator and MPPC (SiPMT) readout: ~ 1m3 detector (~3000 ch.)

– SiPMTs from T2K ND280 can be used including sci-fi connectors

– Large aperture Morpurgo dipole magnet (1.6m diameter)

– Electronics: T2K design– Tests with variable

spacing: 1mm-2cm air between planes (density 100%-40%)

1.56 T

TASD

T2K Electronics

• Used to readout MPPCs in near detectors– INGRID, P0D, ECAL, SMRD

• Key performance– Dual range ADC (effective 12-13 bit, LSB 5*104 e-)– TDC (2.5 nsec)

• Flexible integration/readout cycle– Reset > 100 nsec– Integration < 2 usec

• Triggering– External– Limited “self-triggering” capability

Mar 2011

17

47k50V, 0402

220pF50V0402

330pF100V0603

10pF100V0603

100pF100V0603

51RLV

0603

100nFLV

0402

1kLV, 0402

trip-t

10pF100V, 0603

HVglobal

HVtrim(0-5V)

cal testpulse

coax sheath not DCcoupled to GND

SiPM

47k50V, 0402

HVGlobal common to all Individual adjustment via HVtrim

significant no. of passives/channel – need careful, high

density layout

PD TFB Connection

Signal splitting to increase dynamic range

Pictures

• Frontend board: TFB– 64 ch

• Backend board: RMM– 48 TFBs

Mar 2011

19

Spill Structure

• 8 (15) batches• Separated by 540 (241) nsec• charge integrated in batches

Bunch Structure

Spill Structure

58ns 58ns

540ns

58ns

540ns

58ns

540ns

58ns

540ns

58ns

540ns

58ns

540ns

58ns

540ns

540ns

58ns

2-3.53s

4.2µs 4.2µs 4.2µs

integration

resetTime Structure

2-3.53s

System LayoutMar 2011

Plans to modify H8 beamline for low energy applications, including neutrino R&D test beams as part of AIDA

Aim to build TASD and MIND prototypes and test muon and electron charge identification.

These detectors remain in test beam as part of the facility for other users

Other users will be able to request time on beam through trans-national access AIDA package: access to travel funds and support to carry out test beams using this infrastructure for other detector R&D.

Summary

Mar 2011

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