a time for empowerment
DESCRIPTION
A Time For Empowerment. Stanley Greenstein Doctoral Student, IRI [email protected]. The digital t rail. Future. Past. The linguistic f ootprint. Premise : each human being uses language differently Collection of identifiers that stamps the writer as unique - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The digital trail
PastFuture
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The linguistic footprint● Premise: each human being uses language
differently● Collection of identifiers that stamps the writer as
unique● Reconstructed from a persons daily interactions● Can be connected to a variety of personality
characteristics, situation variables, and physiological (psychological) markers
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The issue?
● Information collection● Information is stored, aggregated, data-mined, analysed● The algorithm● A consequence of category
The crux of the matter:1) The algorithm determines the category2) The category determines the consequence
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”Social sorting”Category 1:
Category 2:
Category 4:
Category 3:
Consequence:
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Social sorting cont. Category1:
”Always-buys-a-ticket-late”
Category 2:”Wealthy”
Category 4:”frequent-flyer-loyal-customer”
Category 3:”Terrorist”
Consequence:• Higher priced ticket• Lower priced ticket• Not allowed to fly• Special treatment
Airline company
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The digital profile
Bank
Social media
Supermarket
Law enforcement
Insurance co.
Digital persona
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Context: price discrimination
● “to charge different prices to various customers for the same goods or services”
● Some assumptions:– Profit, not control– Similar goods or services can attain varying price tags
depending on the conditions under which they were purchased
– Arbitrage disliked– Less information about a purchaser limits price
discrimination possibilities– Negative connotation even illegal– Modern technology facilitates price discrimination
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History repeats itself
Context: price discrimination
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Interstate Commerce Act 1887
● Rates to be just and reasonable● Personal discrimination
forbidden● “Undue or unreasonable
preference” forbidden● charging more for a short haul
than a long haul forbidden● pooling forbidden● rates were to be published● impediments to continuous
travel of freight forbidden
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Interstate Commerce Commission
• Railroad companies forced to provide the Commission with details of tariffs and fairs on a continual basis and provide notification in the change of these fares
• The Commission was tasked with oversight of the railroad industry and had the power to call upon various forms of information from the railroad companies as well as call witnesses
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The price
100 SEK
Maximal
willingness
to pay!
Assumption:More information about customers, means less privacy, which allows for increased price discrimination
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Difference?
Technology!– Railroads did not have the ability to determine
“willingness to pay”
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Example 1:The Netflix recommendation
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Example 2:…in relation to the state…
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“Issue”?
Institutions know more about us
than we know about ourselves!
…and many, many more
Insurance co.Social media
SupermarketLaw enforcementBank
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EMPOWERMENT
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Definition
em·pow·ertransitive verb \im-ˈpau̇(-ə)r\ : to give power to (someone): to give official authority or legal power to (someone)
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/empowerment
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Power of attorney
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EMPOWERMENT● Knowledge (incl. rights)● Transparency● Non-arbitrarness● Criteria (relevance)● Fairness● Accountability● Enforcement● Challenge forum● Technology
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The End!