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a Subcommittee of the Advanced Technology Committee of the Western HVAC Performance Alliance Subcommittee Meeting 9:30am 12:30pm (PST) April 18, 2011 Call-in: 712/432-0075 742911# weblink at: http://uc-d.na4.acrobat.com/wcec/ Onboard/In-Field Fault Detection and Diagnostics

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Committee Members Abdullah Ahmed, Sempra Anthony Hernandez, SCE Brent Eubanks, Taylor Eng. Chris Scruton, CEC Dale Rossi, FDSI Dale Gustavson, BBI Derek Johnson, Pacific Controls Dick Lord, Carrier Jerine Ahmed, SCE Jonathan Douglas, Lennox KC Spivey, PG&E Kristin Heinemeier, WCEC Mark Cherniack, NBI Matt Tyler, PECI Mike Brambley, PNNL Nathan Taylor, Sempra Sean Gouw, SCE Sherry Hu, PG&E Vance Payne, NIST Glenn Hourahan, ACCA Warren Lupson, AHRI 2

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3 GapsApproaches to Overcome Tool Availability3 rd Party Tools licensable or acquirable; OEMs have some capabilities Perception of CostAnalysis shows it is cost effective Faults May Not be Addressed Research: Understanding Maintenance Behavior Standards Need to be National Reach out to ASHRAE 90.1, 189, 32; DOE/CBEA No Method of TestSCE Method of Test, ASHRAE Std. Method of Test, DOE Method of Test? Data on IncidenceNeed a research study No Defined Levels for Detection Develop levels: ASHRAE Std.

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>>Agenda 4 9:30Roll call, review of agenda 9:35Update on Proposal for Title 24 10:15Method of Test Development: Acceptance Tests 10:45Update on National Efforts ASHRAE, DOE/CBEA 11:15Demo of FDSI FDD Tool 12:15Next Steps 12:30Adjournment

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Proposal for Incorporating FDD in T24 IOUs (via CASE HMG/PECI) and PIER (via NBI/WCEC) are working together to develop a proposed new requirement. Informal Workshops held in April and December 2010 Roundtable on FDD held in July 2010 Discussion at AFDD Subcommittee in December 2010 Discussion at AFDD Subcommittee in January 2011 PIER Report Draft in February 2011 Discussion at AFDD Subcommittee in March 2011 PIER Critical Project Review March 2011 Workshop April 8, 2011 Workshop April 27, 2011 Formal 45 day language workshops in Apr-Jul 2011 Adoption March 1, 2012 Effective January 1, 2014 5

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4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes 6 HVAC Controls & Economizing Code Change Proposal 5: FDD Currently a compliance credit in the performance calculation method Not required by Title 24 Credit toward complying with energy budget Transition to a prescriptive requirement Not required by Title 24 Sets the basis of performance standard

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4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes 7 HVAC Controls & Economizing Code Change Proposal 5 SECTION 144 PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR SPACE CONDITIONING SYSTEMS 144 (m) Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) for Packaged Direct- Expansion Units. All packaged direct-expansion units with mechanical cooling capacity at ARI conditions greater than or equal to 72,000 Btu/hr shall include a Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) system in accordance with NA9 Fault Detection and Diagnostics.

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4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes 8 HVAC Controls & Economizing Code Change Proposal 5 Nonresidential Appendix NA9 2013 Appendix NA9 Fault Detection and Diagnostics NA9.1 System Requirements The following sensors should be permanently installed to monitor system operation and the controller should have the capability of displaying the value of each parameter: Refrigerant Pressure: Suction Line, Liquid Line Refrigerant Temperature: Suction Line, Liquid Line Air Relative Humidity: Outside Air, Supply Air Air Temperature: Outside Air, Supply Air, Return Air

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4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes 9 HVAC Controls & Economizing Code Change Proposal 5 NA9.1 System Requirements The controller shall provide system status by indicating the following conditions: Compressor Enabled Free Cooling Available Economizer Enabled Heating Enabled Mixed Air Low Limit Cycle Active The unit controller shall manually initiate each operating mode so that the operation of compressors, economizers, fans, and heating system can be independently tested and verified. Faults shall be reported to a fault management application accessible by day-to-day operating or service personnel, or annunciated locally on zone thermostats. A performance indicator shall be provided, which will allow tracking of efficiency. The FDD System used shall be certified by the CEC and verified to be installed correctly.

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4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes 10 HVAC Controls & Economizing Code Change Proposal 5 NA9.2 Faults to be Detected The FDD system shall detect the following faults: 1. Air Temperature Sensor Failure/Fault 2. Low Refrigerant Charge 3. Economizing When it Should/Shouldnt 4. Damper Not Modulating 5. Excess Outdoor Air

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4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes 11 HVAC Controls & Economizing Summary of FDD Products Currently available fault detection by OEMs (matches NA9.2 Faults to be Detected) Air temperature sensor failure/fault Low refrigerant charge Not economizing when it should Damper not modulating Excess outdoor air Currently available products by third parties ClimaCheck by ClimaCheck, Inc. FDSI Synergy by Field Diagnostics, Inc. Sensus MI, developed by Univ. Nebraska

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4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes 12 HVAC Controls & Economizing Summary of FDD Products Third party products currently in development SMDS by PNNL Low cost SMDS by PNNL Low cost NILM by MIT Virtjoule by Virtjoule, Inc.

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4/8/2011 CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes 13 HVAC Controls & Economizing Cost Effectiveness LCCA for 6-ton RTU Installed cost for OEM solution is much less than $1600 - this is cost of third party solution w/much longer fault list Maintenance $ at 50% of expected for conservative estimate 75% probability of detecting faults with FDD

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Acceptance Requirements FDD system installed by HVAC system manufacturer with factory calibration and documented testing Attach documentation and complete certification statement Verify that points are mapped correctly within the system No other functional testing required FDD system field tested Functional testing per below 14

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15 SCE FDD Project Series Develop FDD Test Method Performance Impacts of Common Faults (Single/Multiple) Choose and assess two highly ranked FDD Tools Comm. 5 Ton RTU Res. 3 Ton Split Comm. 5 Ton RTU Res. 3 Ton Split Project 1: Development of an FDD Test Method for Commercial HVAC Packaged Units Project 2: Development of an FDD Test Method for Residential HVAC Split Systems Project 3: Laboratory Assessment of Retrofit Fault Detection and Diagnostics Tools on a Commercial HVAC Packaged Rooftop Unit Project 4: Laboratory Assessment of Retrofit Fault Detection and Diagnostics Tools on a Residential HVAC Split System Project 5: Evaluating the Effects of Common Faults on a Commercial HVAC Packaged Rooftop Unit Project 6: Evaluating the Effects of Common Faults on a Residential HVAC Split System

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16 SCE FDD Project Series Develop FDD Test Method Performance Impacts of Common Faults (Single/Multiple) Choose and assess highly ranked FDD Tools Comm. 5 Ton RTU Res. 3 Ton Split Comm. 5 Ton RTU Res. 3 Ton Split Near-term Needs Establish technical advisory group Draft/review working test method

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Acceptance Tests/ Certification Tests Air Temperature Sensor Failure/ Fault Low Refrigerant Charge Economizing When it Should/ Shouldnt Damper Not Modulating Excess Outdoor Air 17

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Update on ASHRAE and DOE/CBEA Presentation to ASHRAE SSPC 90.1 Mechanical Subcommittee Presentation to TC 7.5 FDD Subcommittee Presentation to TC 7.5 Others to Contact: SPC 189, GPC 32 CBEA/DOE RTU Spec http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/alliances/rooftop_specification.html 18

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Title:METHOD OF TEST FOR FAULT DETECTION AND DIAGNOSTICS IN UNITARY AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEMS Purpose:This standard provides a method of test for the performance of Fault Detection and Diagnostic (FDD) tools on commercial unitary equipment in the laboratory. The objective is to provide a method of test to define an FDD tools function. Scope: 2.1 This standard applies to unitary air conditioning systems. 2. 2 The test is a physical laboratory test on a particular combination of diagnostic tool and make and model of unitary system. 2.3 This standard applies to any on-board, after-market or hand-held functionality that detects and/or diagnoses problems that lead to degraded energy efficiency or capacity, increased maintenance costs, or shortened equipment life. 2.4 This standard provides a method of test to define an FDD tools function, not to specify how it should be implemented. 19

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Demo of FDSIs FDD Tool 21

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>>Next Steps Working Groups? Detailed review of HTSDA and related Action Items Develop strategy and recommendations for action and advocacy for Roadmap integration Next meeting: Week of May 30 (3-hour webinar) 22

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Thank you! Mark Cherniack markc@newbuildings.org Kristin Heinemeier kheinemeier@ucdavis.edu Jerine Ahmed jerine.ahmed@sce.com Anthony Hernandez anthony.hernandez@sce.com KC Spivey kcs7@pge.com 23