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BORAN TELERSGENOOTSKAP VAN SA / BORAN BREEDERS’ SOCIETY OF SAPosbus / PO Box 506; Bloemfontein; 9300Tel: 051 410 0951 | Faks / Fax: 086 518 4833Epos / E-mail: [email protected] | [email protected] / Website: www.boran.co.za

Inhoud2016CONTENTSBORAN JOERNAAL | BORAN JOURNAL

DESIGN & PRINTED BY: Nelis Uys: 083 287 7300

2 2016 BORAN | JOURNAL | JOERNAAL

ADVERTEERDERS / ADVERTISERS

ARTIKELS / ARTICLES

The views expressed by the authors of the articles featured in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the Boran SocietyDie menings van die skrywers soos in die publikasie vervat, weerspiël nie noodwendig die mening van die Boran Genootskap nie.

DISCLAIMER/VRYWARING:

AAA Boran 128Adelson Boran 100-101African Elite Studs 160+BAAgri Shalom 61André Pretorius Fotografie 61Bar Circle & Bos Blanco 48Basha 1Bit Boran 47Bloodline Boran 75Boomskraap Boran Stoet 117Boran Genetics 120Boran WP 103-105Bothasberg Boerdery Boran Stoet 86Bosiu Borane 106-107Brenaissance Boran 136-137Byrne Valley Borans 108B&W Borane 46Chan-Te-Mar IFCChulu Borans 89De La Rey Boran 125Diamant-V-Boran 34

Drostdy Borane 90,91Embrio Plus 14Excelsior Borans 35Fonteine Borans 119Frapjean 80,81Frontier Borans 6-7Gerben Borane 124Groenland Boran 126-127Hessi Boran Stoet 74Hillock Boran 110Hotspot Boran 129Heavitree Boran 72Hurwitz Farming 22-23, 37, 114-115Igmar Borane 156-157Janvos Landgoed Boran Stoet 36Jarta Boran 98-99Jodan Boran 8Kieras Boerdery 88Kolskoot Borane 11Marones Borane 118Marnia Boerdery Pty. Ltd. 82,83

MC Boran Stoetery 62-63Meybor Borane 49Model Borane 130-131Mountain View Holstein & Boran 65Mount Verde Boran Stud 12-13Ooskus Boran Stoet 73Orca Boran 102Waterberg Boran Klub 66Palmyra Boran Stoet 43Pitsa Ya Metsi Boran Stud 17Peinke Ranch 96-97Pratos Borane 116Stein Stud 64Sterkfontein Borane 20-21, 67Tiarus Boran 57Tambaraine Boran 111Vastrap Boran 76-79Vleissentraal 109Vrystaat Boran Klub 38-39

Voorwoord / Foreword 4-5

Redaksioneel / Editorial 9

Raadslede / Board Members 11

Kantoor / Office 11

Moet ek my ontvangers induseer? / Should I induce my recipients? 15-19

Anhaling / Quote 24-25

Aanhaling / Quote

Koei doeltreffendheid / Cow efficiency 26-33

Boran X Faktor 44-45

2016 Boran Expo 40-42

Skrotum / Testis Variasies en die implikasies daarvan 50-53

Klubs / Clubs 54-56

2015 Dinee & Nasionale Veiling 58-59

Spogblad 60

Aanhaling / Quote 68-69

VRAAG: Wat is die gevare van Brusellose vir diere en mense? 70-72

Praktiese bulbestuur 84-86


Rangeland management 94-95

THE BORAN: Ideally adapted 112-113

Aanhaling / Quote 121

Aantekeninge makliker gemaak: Logix 122-123

How to take the perfect photo 132-134


Ledelys / Members 140-155

Stories 158-159

32016 BORAN | JOURNAL | JOERNAAL

Foreword

VoorwoordV O O R W O O R D

2016 F O R E W O R D


Foreword

Voorwoord

Of great significance as well, is the progress made in the commercialisation of the Boran as evidenced by the ever-increasing use of Boran bulls in cross breeding programmes, the role being played by Boran

cows in commercial herds, and the now well-established place of Boran and Boran cross calves in the South African feedlot industry.

These achievements have been realised through a joint effort of breeders, Boran Clubs, and the many service providers and organisations that we are associated with. The result has been the realisation of significant strategic

progress towards achieving our stated vision of being the most cost-effective beef breed of choice.

The main drivers of this achievement have been a powerful marketing and promotion programme featuring both stud and commercial success stories in the industry, ongoing auctions offering high quality animals for sale, a focus on commercial farmers as ‘friends of the Boran’, a newly-established team of contracted inspectors together with an expanded team of Senior and Junior inspectors, and a close association with the feedlot industry. All of this has been backed up and supported by an outstanding office team.

The use of a formally devised and implemented strategic management plan will be continued, and we are confident that we will continue through 2016 and enter 2017 with an even sharper focus on those things that will ensure ongoing success for our breed.Enjoy paging through and reading this journal – it will certainly inspire you and re-affirm how very special our Boran cattle are.

Ed KollerPRESIDENT

Van groot belang is die vordering wat gemaak word in die kommersialisering van die Boran soos blyk uit die toenemende gebruik van Boranbulle in kruistelingsprogramme.

Die rol wat gespeel word deur Borankoeie in kommersiële kuddes, en die nou reeds goed gevestigde plek van die Boran en Boran-kruiskalwers in die Suid-Afrikaanse voerkraalbedryf.

Hierdie prestasies is behaal deur ‘n gesamentlike poging van telers, Boranklubs, en die verskeie diensverskaffers en organisasies waarmee daar nou saamgewerk word. Die resultaat was die

verwesenliking van beduidende strategiese vordering ten opsigte van die bereiking van ons verklaarde visie om die mees koste-effektiewe vleisras van keuse te wees.

Die belangrikste drywers van hierdie prestasie is te danke aan kragtige bemarkings- en bevorderingsprogramme met beide stoet en kommersiële suksesverhale in die bedryf, deurlopende veilings waar hoë kwaliteit diere te koop aangebied is, ‘n fokus op kommersiële boere as “vriende van die Boran”, ‘n nuut gevestigde span van gekontrakteerde Inspekteurs, asook ‘n uitgebreide span van Senior en Junior inspekteurs, en ‘n noue verbintenis met die voerkraalbedryf. Al hierdie dinge is

gerugsteun en ondersteun deur ‘n uitstaande kantoorspan.

Die gebruik van ‘n goed saamgestelde en geïmplementeerde strategiese bestuursplan sal voortgesit word. Ons is vol vertroue dat gedurende 2016 en met die ingaan van 2017 daar ‘n skerper fokus sal wees op aspekte wat sal verseker dat ons ras voortgesette sukses sal behaal.

Geniet dit om deur die Joernaal te blaai en te lees – dit sal u beslis inspireer en herbevestig hoe spesiaal Boranbeeste werklik is!

Ed KollerPRESIDENT

It is indeed a great pleasure for me to write the foreword for this 2016 edition of our Boran Journal. Inside these pages you will see many examples of the high standard of quality that has been achieved in our breed, not only in the phenotype, but also in the achievement of measured breeding performance.

Dit is inderdaad vir my ‘n groot plesier om die voorwoord van die 2016 Boran Joernaal te skryf. In hierdie uitgawe sal u genoegsame voorbeelde sien van die hoë standaard en kwaliteit wat in die ras bereik is. Nie net met betrekking tot die fenotipe nie, maar ook op die gebied van prestasiemeting.


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RE2016Redaksioneel

R E D A K S I O N E E L | E D I T O R I A L

Die toekoms van enige ras hang af van die mate waaraan dit voldoen aan markver-eistes. Die positiewe gesindheid waarmee voerkrale ons beeste “ontvang”, is ‘n aanduiding van die sukses wat in ‘n relatiewe kort tydperk behaal is. Dus kan daar met opgewondenheid gekyk word na wat die toekoms vir ons inhou. Ek is seker dat die

Boranras alle verwagtinge sal oortref! Die Boran het alles wat nodig is vir ‘n top-ras en dit word raakgesien en ondervind deur baie stoet- en kommersiële boere.

Hierdie uitgawe beloof om weer heelwat artikels te bevat wat relevant en interessant is.

Baie dankie aan die Raad wat in hierdie tyd van droogte en uitdagings besluit het om advertensies te subsidieer, om dit sodoende vir elke teler moontlik te maak om ‘n advertensie te plaas. Dankie aan elke teler wat van die geleentheid gebruik gemaak het. Spesiale dank aan ‘n ieder en elk vir die kundige en insiggewende artikels wat geplaas is. Zippo, baie dankie vir die insette wat jy gelewer het om die uitgawe ‘n sukses te maak.

We need to embrace this wonderful breed, market our product and believe in our future! We

need to trust our breed, trust their abilities and know that the future is in our hands. It is only with your contributions and co-operation that the Boran can perform as well as it currently does. Thank you for attending Nampo, Farmer’s Days, auctions of the Society, as well as auctions of fellow breeders.

It is without a doubt that our breed will go from strength to strength in the years to come. With the participation of each and every member, we will experience a fantastic celebration unlike anything the beef industry has ever seen!! Please, be part of this phenomenal future!

Fate whispers to the farmer -“You cannot withstand the storm”And the farmer whispers back -“I am the storm”

Christine Vd MerweREDAKTEUR/EDITOR

Weereens was dit vir my ‘n groot voorreg en plesier om hierdie publikasie vir ons lesers saam te stel.


KOLSKOOTBoraneBorane

GIDEON BOTHA: 0823867724 | gideon&[email protected] | Luckhoff

WORD IN 2016 AANGEBIED!!

Kwaliteit bees vanaf die veld!

PRODUKSIEVEILING: 16 JUNIE 2016Wolwedrift, Boshoff distrik

CFH 0863PM14R × 494 gelynteel

CFH 0863 DOGTERS

GB1528 GB1338

ED KOLLER – PRESIDENT: Finansiële, Organiserings- en Struktuur Portefeulje / NavorsingsportefeuljeFinancial, Organization and Structure Portfolio / Research Portfolio

JOHAN ERASMUS – VISE PRESIDENT: Tegniese Portefeulje - InspeksiesTechnical Portfolio - Inspections

PIETER GENIS – RAADSLID: Klub Portefeulje Club Portfolio

SIMEON HURWITZ – RAADSLID: Bemarkingsportefeulje Marketing Portfolio

SIMON HODGSON – RAADSLID: Beleid, Prosedures en Protokol Portefeulje – Nasionaal en Internasionaal, Wetgewing/Administratiewe ProsessePolicies, Procedures and Protocols Portfolio – National and International, Legal/Administrative Processes

ZIPPO LAMPRECHT – RAADSLID: Tegniese Portefeulje – Prestasiemeting en GenomikaTechnical Portfolio – Performance measuring and Genomics

ZIPPO LAMPRECHT - RAADSLID

SIMON HODGSON- RAADSLID

SIMEON HURWITZ- RAADSLID

JOHAN ERASMUS - VISE PRESIDENT

PIETER GENIS- RAADSLID

ED KOLLER - PRESIDENTRaad2016

COUNCIL

BLOEMFONTEIN KANTOOR: Christine van der Merwe(Raadsvergaderings, Joernale, Nuusbriewe, Nuwe aansoeke, Bedankings, Advertensies, Promosies)

KAAP KANTOOR: Hesther van der Walt(Veilings, Keurings, Invoere, Uitvoere, KI Aansoeke)ChristineHesther

Kantoor

2016

OFFICE

BORAN


Mount Verde Estate , Hil ton, KZNwww.voigtsgroup.co.za

Ivan Voigts 083 301 5834 / 033 343 2433Defining Generations

TLM 03-021VADER: K6K2588 MOER: KPO 961 KPO 2558

CI 11-0122VADER: TLM03-0021 MOER: HOTSPOT BIANCA

GOLIATH NJS 08-0012VADER: HVT9503 MOER: B04-56 1603 LINE MUSCLE KING TLM 03-04-KP02588

OntvangersMoet ek my ontvangers induseer?

Daar heers heelwat verwarring rondom die induksie van ontvangers om te kalf. Daar is ongelukkig nie ‘n standaard aanbeveling wat vir alle gevalle geld nie, elke geval moet op sy eie meriete be-oordeel word en

elke geval moet ook eers met u privaat veearts bespreek word.

Hier volg ‘n paar algemene vrae en antwoorde, wat u kan help om ‘n ingeligte besluit te neem. 1) Wat is die korrekte verwagte kalfdatum?Die gemiddelde dragtigheidsperiode vir beeste word as 284 dae gereken. Daar is egter groot verskille tussen rasse. Jersey’s se gemiddelde periode is byvoorbeeld 279 dae, teenoor Brahmane se 292 dae. Kontinentale rasse soos Simmentalers, Charolais en Limousins se gemiddelde dragtigheidsperiode is ongeveer 289 dae, terwyl ‘n Engelse ras soos die Angus op 281 dae bereken word. Dit is ook nie ongewoon om kalwings tot 12 dae vroeër of later as ‘n ras se gemiddelde periode te kry nie, met individuele bulle wat ook n groot invloed uitoefen op koeie se dragtigheidsperiodes.

Sommige kenners beweer ook dat vetter diere, meer “manlike” tipe koeie en groter raam koeie binne ‘n ras

MOET EK MY ONTVANGERS

DEUR / BY: Dr. Robert Treadwell

induseer?


ook geneig is om langer dragtigheidsperiodes te hê. By embrio-oorplasings, waar een ras se embrio dikwels binne ‘n ontvanger van ‘n ander ras oorgeplaas word, raak die presiese verwagte kalfdatum nog meer van ‘n raaiskoot. Persoonlik is ek bewus van ‘n geval van ‘n ontvanger wat vir 311 dae dragtig was met ‘n Boran embrio voordat sy normaal gekalf het sonder ‘n induksie.

By Embrio Plus gee ons aan kliente die vroegste moontlike datum as kalfdatum deur, waarop die eerste ontvangers van ‘n spesifieke oorplasingsprogram kan begin kalf. Die rede hiervoor is dat baie kliënte verkies om die swaar dragtige ontvangers na kampe te skuif waar goeie observasie moontlik is en die hanteringsfasiliteite naby is sodat hulp vinnig aan die ontvanger of kalfie verleen kan word, sou daar ‘n probleem ontstaan met kalwing. Hierdie vroeë datum help kliënte dus om die ontvangers betyds te begin dophou, veral waar tweelinge verwag word, wat gewoonlik vroeër kalf.

Dit gebeur egter dat wanneer diere nog nie gekalf het teen hierdie vroeë datum nie, kliënte onrustig raak en induksie oorweeg. As n duimreël kan u daarop werk dat 50% van ‘n gemiddelde groep ontvangers behoort te kalf 9 maande en 10 dae na die oorplasingsdatum. Dit is eers na hierdie tydperk verloop het, dat ‘n mens induksie begin oorweeg.

Verder is dan ook belangrik om ontvangers een siklus te laat oorstaan na oorplasings en dan dragtig-heidsondersoeke te doen sowat 2 maande na oorplasing, om seker te maak die betrokke dragtigheid is wel van die embrio-oorplasing en nie dalk deur ‘n natuurlike dekking wat later plaasgevind het nie. Sou ‘n mens n koei induseer wat nog nie 270 dae dragtig was nie, is die kanse goed dat die kalfie prematuur of dood gebore sal word, terwyl die ontvanger ‘n groter kans het om te sukkel met agtergeblewe plasenta. 2) Wat is die voordele van induksies?Die heel belangrikste doelwit van embrio-oorplasings is om ‘n gesonde embrio kalf te produseer. Hierdie kalfie se waarde is gewoonlik baie meer as die ontvanger s’n en daarom moet alles moontlik gedoen word om seker te maak die embrio kalfies word lewendig gebore en kry ten minste 2 liter biesmelk binne 6 ure na geboorte.

Induksie kan dus telers help wat nie hulle volle aandag aan die kalwings kan gee nie of op baie verafgeleë plase boer, om binne ‘n sekere tydsraamwerk sy ontvangers te laat kalf en met sy privaat veearts ‘n reëling te tref om bystand te verleen met die kalwing of ‘n keisersnee te doen, sou daar ‘n probleem opduik.

In die laaste 10 dae van dragtigheid kan die ongebore fetus met tussen 400 en 700 gram per dag groei. As ‘n ontvanger dus haar verwagte kalfdatum met 10 dae oorskry, kan die kalfie tot 7 kg meer weeg by geboorte, met moontlike kalwingsprobleme ‘n logiese gevolg. Induksie kan dus help om oorgroot kalwers by geboorte te voorkom. Voeding is krities belangrik tydens die laaste trimester van dragtigheid, met voedingkundiges wat ‘n lae energie, “onderhoud” tipe dieet aanbeveel om oormatige groei van die ongebore kalf, asook vet-aansameling in die geboortekanaal van die ontvangers, te voorkom.

Dit gebeur ook soms dat ‘n ontvanger siek word, ‘n besering opdoen net voor kalwing of erge uier-edeem ontwikkel voor kalwing . Induksie is dan ‘n handige hulpmiddel om die kalfie so gou as moontlik uit te kry om moontlik die kalfie se lewe te red, en selfs as ‘n keisersnee oorweeg word, help die middels wat met induksie gegee word om die ongebore kalfie se

longe te laat matureer sodat dit kan asemhaal en oorleef na die keisersnee.

Verse kalf as ‘n reël moeiliker as volwasse koeie wat al vantevore gekalf het. Waar kleinraam tipe verse as ontvangers gebruik was en die ander diere in dieselfde program al ‘n paar dae vantevore gekalf het, kan ‘n mens ook induksie gouer oorweeg.

Telers in sommige dele van Suid-Afrika sukkel toenemend met jakkalse wat ontvangers so erg versteur gedurende die geboorteproses dat hulle weer opstaan nadat hulle al begin kalf het. Sulke ontvangers het dikwels ‘n dooie kalf wat versmoor het omdat die kalf nie betyds uitgekom het nie. Die jakkalse vang ook baie pasgebore kalfies of begin aan die ontvangers vreet tydens die kalfproses. In ekstreme gevalle kan induksie en kalwings onder toesig binne in ‘n klein beskutte kampie die antwoord wees vir boere wat te veel kalwers as gevolg van jakkalse verloor. 3) Wat is die nadeel van induksie?Soos voorheen genoem, kan dit katastrofiese gevolge hê as ‘n ontvanger geïnduseer word wanneer die dragtigheid nog nie ver genoeg ontwikkel was nie. Dooie of swak kalfies by geboorte en ‘n agtergeblewe plasenta by die ontvanger is die grootste nadele. Die bestuur van die ontvanger na oorplasing, akkurate dragtigheidsondersoeke asook observasie later deur die loop van die dragtigheid om seker te maak dat die ontvanger wel so ver dragtig is as wat sy behoort te wees, is noodsaaklik.

In die beginjare van die Boran in Suid-Afrika, is ‘n wye verskeidenheid ander diere as ontvangers vir Boran embrio’s gebruik. Soos Borane se getalle toeneem en telers naderhand hulle kommersiële diere verkoop om meer Boran koeie op hulle grond te kan aanhou, word al hoe meer Boran koeie as ontvangers gebruik, soos wat die geval met ander rasse is waar telers net hulle top 2-5% vroulike diere as embrio-skenkers gebruik en die “onderste” 50% van die kudde as ontvangers ingespan word. Van die Boran ras se pluspunte is juis klein kalfies by geboorte, ‘n goeie kruishelling by koeie wat makliker geboorte tot gevolg het, asook kalwers wat as ‘n reël vinnig na geboorte opstaan en wil suip aan die moeder. Dit gee aan ‘n mens n bietjie meer gemoedsrus om Boran-tipe ontvangers wat met Boran embrio’s dragtig is, eerder n bietjie langer te laat loop voordat induksie oorweeg word. 4) Hoe werk induksie?Wanneer ‘n mens ‘n ontvanger induseer met kort-werkende kortikosteroide en prostaglandiene, behoort die ontvanger koei binne 24-36 uur daarna te kalf. As die dier in elke geval vroeër sou gekalf het, gaan sy natuurlik kalf op haar gewone tyd.

Wanneer ‘n teler dus die geval met sy veearts bespreek het en moontlik die dier deur die veearts laat ondersoek het, is die gewone praktyk om die diere so vroeg as moontlik in die oggend te induseer, sodat die kalwings die volgende dag gedurende daglig gebeur, wat observasie en moontlike ingryping makliker maak. Gestel die diere word Maandagoggend 5:00 ingespuit, beteken dit hulle behoort deur die loop van Dinsdag te kalf tot en met Dinsdagmiddag om 17:00. Goeie observasie deur die dag is noodsaaklik, sodat bystand dadelik gegee kan word indien nodig. As ‘n dier teen 17:00 nog nie gekalf het nie, moet sy dadelik deur ‘n veearts ondersoek word.


PITSA YA METSI PROPRIETARY LIMITEDContact: Hilton G Philpot, [email protected], Mobile: 0824538007

Focused on quality, temperament,and diversity.

Coming to the market soon!

Pitsa Ya Metsi (“Pitcher of Water”) Boran StudLocated in the beautiful Kwena Basin, near Machadorp in Mpumalanga

Start-up herd acquired from Elandspruit with additions from Byrne Valley, Pratos,Peinke Ranch, Brenaissance, and Vastrap

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RecipientsShould I induce my recipients?

There is a lot of confusion surrounding the practice of inducing cattle to calve. Unfortunately, there is not a standard recommendation that can be applied to all cases, each case must be evaluated on its own merit and should be discussed

with one’s private veterinarian first.

Here are a few frequently asked questions and their answers, which may help you to make an informed decision. 1) Whenisthecorrectcalvingdate? The average gestation period for cattle is estimated at 284 days. There are, however, big differences between various breeds. The average period for Jerseys, for example, is 279 days, compared to a Brahman’s 292 days. Continental breeds such as Simmental, Charolais and Limousines average about 289 days, while an English breed such as the Angus is estimated to be 281 days. It is not uncommon to have a cow calving up to 12 days earlier or later than the breed’s gestation period,

SHOULD I

MY RECIPIENTS?DEUR / BY: Dr. Robert Treadwell

induce


with individual bulls also having a big influence on the cows’ average gestation length.

Some people also believe that fatter animals, more “masculine” types and larger framed cows are inclined to have longer gestation periods. With embryo transfers, where embryos from one breed are often transferred into recipients from another breed, the correct due calving date becomes even more of a gamble. I’m aware of a case where a recipient was pregnant for 311 days, before she gave birth on her own, without assistance, from a Boran embryo.

At Embrio Plus, we indicate to customers the earliest possible calving date, when the first recipients could start calving normally. The reason for this is that many clients prefer to move the advanced pregnant recipients to camps where good observation is possible and where handling facilities are close by, should a problem arise. This early date enables them to start observing the cattle in time, especially when twins are expected, which are usually born earlier.

It does happen that when animals have not calved by this date, clients get anxious and start contemplating induction of the recipients. As a rule of thumb, you can work on 50% of the pregnant recipients having calved within 9 months and 10 days after the date of transfer. It is only after this date that one should start to contemplate giving an induction.

Furthermore it is important to have the recipients skip at least one cycle after the transfers before introducing a bull, and to do pregnancy diagnosis 2 months after the transfers were done so that you can be sure that the relevant pregnancy is from the embryo transfer and not perhaps from a natural mating that occurred later. Should one induce a calving in a cow that was not yet 270 days pregnant, the chances are good that the premature or dead calf will be born, while the recipient will most probably have a retained placenta. 2) What are the advantages of induction?The primary goal of doing embryo transfers is to produce healthy embryo calves. The value of the embryo calve usually exceeds the value of the recipient by far, therefore everything possible should be done to ensure that the embryo calves are born alive and that they get at least 2 litres of colostrum within the first 6 hours after birth.

Doing inductions can aid breeders that are not able to give their undivided attention to the calving period, or that farm on remotely situated farms, to have all their recipients calve within a certain time period and to make prior arrangements with his private vet to assist with the calving or do a caesarean section should the need arise.

During the last 10 days of pregnancy, an unborn foetus can grow by between 400 and 700 grams a day. Should a recipient thus exceed her due calving date by 10 days, the calf can weigh up to 7 kg more at birth, with obvious potential calving problems. Induction can help to prevent oversized calves at birth. The correct feeding during the last trimester of pregnancy is extremely important too, with nutritionists recommending lower energy, maintenance type of diets to prevent too much foetal growth and fat accumulation in the birth canal of the recipients.

It sometimes happens that a recipient falls ill, gets injured or suffers from extreme udder oedema prior to calving. Induction can then be a helpful tool in order to get the calf out as quickly as possible in order to save its life. Even when a caesarean section is considered, the drugs administered for induction help to mature the

unborn calf’s lungs in order for it to breathe normally and survive after the C-section.

Heifers, compared to multiparous cows, tend to have more difficult calvings. When small framed heifers were used as recipients and the other animals in the same group have calved already, induction can be considered at an earlier stage.

In South Africa, jackal is an increasing problem in some areas. Jackal would often disturb a cow that is busy giving birth, resulting in her getting up again and delaying the birth. This could lead to a stillborn calf being born later because it suffocated when it could not be born in time. Jackal also kill a lot of newborn calves and injure recipients giving birth. In extreme cases, induction of the recipients to calve in a small, secure camp with proper observation and keeping the recipients there until the calves are stronger, may lead to reduced losses. 3) What are the disadvantages of inducing recipients

to calve?As mentioned previously, it could have disastrous consequences should a recipient be induced when the pregnancy is not advanced enough. Dead or weak calves at birth and retained placenta are the biggest drawbacks. The correct management of the recipients after transfers, accurate pregnancy diagnosis as well as observation during the pregnancy period is essential to be sure that the recipients are indeed as far pregnant as one assumes.

When the Boran first became popular in South Africa, a lot of different breeds were used as recipients for Boran embryos. As the numbers of the Boran increased and breeders started reducing their commercial herds in order to keep more Boran on their available lands, people started using Boran cows as recipients. This is similar to the trend in other breeds, where breeders would flush their top 2-5% of cows and use the “bottom” 50% as embryo recipients. Some of the Boran’s favourable traits are indeed small calves at birth, sloped pelvic angles for easier births as well as strong calves that tend to get up and suckle quickly after birth. All of these factors allows one to wait a bit longer before considering induction when Boran type cows were impregnated with Boran embryos. 4) How does induction work?When one induces a recipients with a short acting corticosteroid and prostaglandin, she should calve within 24-36 hours. However, if her natural due date was earlier in any case, she will still calve earlier.

After a breeder has discussed the individual case with his vet and possibly had the vet examine the cow, the standard procedure is to induce the animals as early in the morning as possible. This enables one to have more daytime calvings, which makes observation and possible intervention easier. For example: If you were to induce the recipients at 05:00, it would imply that the cow should calve the following day up to 17:00. Thorough observation is important so that you can assist immediately if needed. In the unlikely event that the cow has not calved by 17:00, she should be examined by a vet immediately.


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