8th grade Intro to Two-Point Perspective

To gain an understanding of the Elements of art (especially Space), create better illusions of depth by incorporating the technique of linear perspective and creating art inspired by a variety of artists from different time period.

Linear Perspective Drawings using two point perspective

Students will learn linear perspective (two point), become influenced by artists of the Ashcan School of Art and create pieces of art that demonstrate this.

Objectives with Perspective

Students will be able to:• Create compositions with a variety of lines, shapes and values. • Create still life and landscapes in which value is used to create

realistic forms and space.• Create drawings that use a light source.• Construct examples of one & two point perspective.• Create compositions from observation that show linear

perspective. And those that use perspective theory to create depth.

• Compositions that emphasize positive and negative shapes and uses value to show form.

• Finally, analyze, critique and become influenced by The Ashcan School and create works that demonstrate one or two point perspective.

What was the Ashcan School?

• The Ashcan School, is a realist art movement that was in the United States during the early twentieth century, best known for scenes of daily life in poor urban neighborhoods. The movement is most associated with a group known as The Eight, or The Ash Can Painters, whose members were Robert Henri, Arthur B. Davies, Maurice Prendergast, Ernest Lawson, William Glackens, Everett Shinn, John French Sloan, and George Luks. They would later include two of Robert Henri’s students Edward Hopper and George Bellows.

Robert Henri• Robert Henri was an

American painter notable for his teaching and leadership of the Ashcan School movement in art.

Snow in New York. 1902,

2 Point Perspective

• Objects seen at an angle would be drawn with two-point perspective using two vanishing points. Note, artwork with two-point perspective often has vanishing points "off the page".

• 2 Point perspective follows the same principles and ideals that one point uses. Now, you just have an additional Vanishing Point and you can find them both on the Horizon Line.

John Sloan

• John French Sloan studied art at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, where he met his mentor, Robert Henri. Sloan's style was heavily influenced by European artists of the

late 19th and early 20th century.

Sixth Avenue Elevated at Third Street (New York City) by John Sloan. Oil 30 x 40. 1928.

Two Point PerspectiveWith two point perspective, you, in a sense, pick a corner to be the front of your picture. Rather than having a complete side as the front of your drawing, you only have one corner. We will continue to practice by drawing buildings. Use a separate piece of paper to learn this technique on.

Step 1

Make two dots on your paper. Although you do not have to draw the dots at the same level, do it for this practice example. This will help you understand two point perspectives.

Step 2Next, draw a vertical line somewhere below and between both points. This will be your “front” corner.

Step 3

Connect the top and bottom of your vertical line to the two points.

Step 4Now draw a second and third vertical line to each side of you “front” corner line.

Step 5

Draw two lines – one from the top of the second vertical line to the opposite point and the other from the top of the third vertical line to the opposite point.

Step 6Once you erase the extra lines, you will be left with a simple box, drawn using the two point perspective technique.

Step 7

Drawing doors and windows is similar to when you drew a window on the side of the one point perspective building. Simply draw for lines on one of the sides of the building.

Step 8Draw two more lines from the same side point so that they cross all for of the vertical lines you just drew.

Step 9

When you erase the unnecessary lines, you are left with a building with a door and window on it.

You can continue this same technique to make your drawing a bit more complicated

Assessment: Complete Day 1in your Perspective Drawing Journal

• Perspective Drawing Journal• Day 1 (Steps 1-9 of two point perspective ) • What do you plan on working on today?

_____________________________________________• ____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

• What did you finish today? _______________________________________________________

• ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• What did you learn today? ________________________________________________________

• ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Draw similar houses from yesterday using the following points:

Test Drawing #1 Test Drawing #2After drawing both of these test drawings, what did you notice about them? Give specific observations related to their perspective. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Maurice Prendergast • Maurice Brazil Prendergast

was a U.S. post-impressionist watercolor artist. Technically, he was a member of The Eight, but the beauty of his compositions and designs had little in common with the philosophy of the group.

Splash of Sunshine and Rain, Watercolor, 1899.

Shape: Element of art that is a two-dimensional area which is defined by an edge or outline. (Figure A.)

Form: An object with three dimensions-length, width and depth. Forms can be geo-metric (like a cube) or free-form (like something organic) (Figure B.)

Crosshatching: A technique using crossed line for shading (it can also show Value and Texture)

Simulated Texture:

Is the imitation of a real texture by using a two-dimensional pattern to create the illusion of a three dimensional surface.

Using the skills you now have with two point perspective drawing, think of something a bit more complicated to draw and use the two point perspective techniques you have learned to draw it. Draw on your own paper and show it to me before moving on. It is important that you have understood what you are doing at this point. Ask questions if you do not understand one of the parts.

Clock Camaraderie

• TEAM UP WITH YOUR 3 O’ CLOCK PARTNER TO ASSESS THEIR WORK, GET IDEAS AND BRAINSTORM WHAT TO CREATE.

POINTS TO REMEMBER:

• All vertical lines remain vertical.

• Parallel lines seem to recede to the same vanishing point.

• Both front and side planes seem to recede in depth.

• Two-point perspective appears more similar to human vision than one point perspective.

Assessment: Complete Day 2 in your Perspective Drawing Journal

• Day 2 (Independent Perspective Practice)• What do you plan on working on today?

_____________________________________________• ____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

• What did you finish today? _______________________________________________________

• ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• What did you learn today? What did you learn from your partner? ________________________________________________________

• ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

In Jan Vermeer's The Music Lesson (painted in 1662-1665),

Nighthawks. 1942 by Edward Hopper.

How does Edward Hopper utilize a light source to create forms? How does he use value to create forms?

Hopper Pop

• Hopper’s use of dramatic lighting in his works has been used and imitated several times in several movies. Such as Psycho, Blade Runner, Road to Perdition, and many others.

• The painting of “Nighthawks” has been imitated many times as well.

                         

   

To finish the perspective drawing project, you need to draw a complex drawing. When you think of an idea of what you want to draw, get it approved by the teacher first before

you start working on it. The drawing should use either one or two point perspective drawing, but it cannot use both at the same time (this would be like saying an apple and orange are exactly the same). Do whichever you feel more comfortable with. You may

choose to color your picture when you are finished or shade it in as Black and White, but IT MUST SHOW VALUE.

You will be graded on the following items:Accurateness & Value (20 Points) Straight Lines (20 Points)Extra Lines Completely Erased (10 Points)Complexity of your Drawing (10 Points) Creativity of your Drawing (20 Points)

Your handout must be turned in with your final drawings. If it is complete (ESPECIALLY YOUR JOURNAL) you will receive the last 20 points on your drawing.

Final Project Ideas?

Clock Camaraderie

• TEAM UP WITH YOUR 12 O’ CLOCK PARTNER TO ASSESS THEIR WORK, GET IDEAS AND BRAINSTORM WHAT TO CREATE FOR YOUR FINAL PROJECT.

Assessment: Complete Day 3 in your Perspective Drawing Journal

• Day 3 (Start final drawing)• What do you plan on working on today?

_____________________________________________• ____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

• What did you finish today? _______________________________________________________

• ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• What did you learn today? What did you learn from your partner? ________________________________________________________

• ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

George Bellows’ “New York” 1911

• Just like his colleague Edward Hopper, George Bellows was a student of Robert Henri and he had a great use of light in his work.

• He attended The Ohio State University where he played for the baseball and basketball teams. He was encouraged to become a professional baseball player, and he worked as a commercial illustrator for magazine assignments.

• Despite these opportunities in athletics and commercial art, Bellows desired success as a painter. He left Ohio State in 1904 just before he was to graduate and moved to New York City to study art.

• Bellows' series of paintings portraying amateur boxing matches are what he is most known for. They show dark atmospheres, through which the bright human figures show a strong sense of motion and direction.

Final Project Requirements:

• The drawing should use either one or two point perspective drawing, but it cannot use both at the same time (this would be like saying an apple and orange are exactly the same). Do whichever you feel more comfortable with. You may choose to color your picture when you are finished or shade it in as Black and White, but IT MUST SHOW VALUE.

Final Project Grading Scale:

• You will be graded on the following items:• Accurateness & Value (20 Points) • Straight Lines (20 Points)• Extra Lines Completely Erased (10 Points)• Complexity of your Drawing (10 Points)

Creativity of your Drawing (20 Points)

• Your handout must be turned in with your final drawings. If it is complete (ESPECIALLY YOUR JOURNAL) you will receive the last 20 points on your drawing.

Clock Camaraderie

• TEAM UP WITH YOUR 4 O’ CLOCK PARTNER TO ASSESS THEIR WORK, GET IDEAS AND BRAINSTORM WHAT TO CREATE FOR YOUR FINAL PROJECT.

Assessment: Complete Day 4 in your Perspective Drawing Journal

• Day 4 (Finish final drawing)• What do you plan on working on today?

_____________________________________________• ____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

• What did you finish today? _______________________________________________________

• ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• What did you learn today? What did you learn from your partner? ________________________________________________________

• ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________