(8) basic life support (bls)

8/2/2019 (8) Basic Life Support (Bls)

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BASIC LIFE SUPPORT

Sequences of procedures performed to restorethe circulation of oxygenated blood after asudden pulmonary and/or cardiac arrestChest compressions and pulmonary ventilationperformed by anyone who knows how to do it,anywhere, immediately, without any otherequipment


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Aspects of BLS :

Rescue breaths for respiratory

arrest victims Chest compressions and rescue

breaths for cardiac arrest victims

Early defibrillation using AED.


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Timing isEverything


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PREVIOUS CHAIN OF

SURVIVAL


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CHAIN OF SURVIVAL

IntegratedPostcardiacArrest Care

Activation OfTheEmergencyResponseSystem

Early CPRWith EmphasisOn

ChestCompressions

RapidDefibrillation EffectiveACLS


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Approach safely

Check response

Shout for help

Open airway

Check breathing

Call Emergency phone30 chest compressions

2 rescue breaths

BASIC LIFE SUPPORT


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APPROACH SAFELY!

Scene

Rescuer

Victim

Bystanders

Approach safely

Check response

Shout for helpOpen airway

Check breathing

Call 112

30 chest compressions

2 rescue breaths


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CHECK RESPONSE

Approach safely

Check response


Check breathing

Call 112


2 rescue breaths


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Shake shouldersgently

Ask Are you allright?

If he responds

Leave as you find him. Find out what is wrong.

Reassess regularly.

CHECK RESPONSE


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SHOUT FOR HELP

Approach safely

Check response


Check breathing

Call 112


2 rescue breaths


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OPEN AIRWAY

Approach safely

Check response


Check breathing

Call 112


2 rescue breathsHead tilt and chin

lift


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OPEN AIRWAY

Head tilt, chin lift +jaw thrust- healthcare professionals


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CHECK BREATHING

Approach safely

Check response

Shout for help

Open airway

Check breathing

Call 112


2 rescue breaths

Look, listen and feel for

NORMAL breathing


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AGONAL BREATHING

Occurs shortly after the heart stops

in up to 40% of cardiac arrests

Described as barely, heavy, noisy orgasping breathing

Recognise as a sign of cardiac arrest

Erroneous information can result inwithholding CPR from cardiac arrestvictim


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Approach safely

Check response

Shout for help

Open airway

Check breathing

Call


2 rescue breaths

CALL FOR HELP


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FOREIGN-BODY AIRWAYOBSTRUCTION (FBAO)

SIGNS MILDobstruction

SEVEREobstruction

Are youchoking? YES Unable to speak,may nod

Other signs Can speak,cough, breathe

Can notbreathe/wheezy

breathing/silentattempts to cough/unconsciousness


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Place the heel of one handin the centre of the chest

Place other hand on top

Interlock fingers

Compress the chest

Rate 100 min-1

Depth 4-5 cm

Equal compression :relaxation

When possible change CPRoperator every 2 min

CHEST COMPRESSIONS


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RESCUE BREATHS

Approach safely

Check response


Check breathing

Call


2 rescue breaths


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After you deliver 2 rescue breaths, look for a pulseor other signs of circulation

A. Look for any response to the 2 rescue breaths. The victimmay start breathing normally, coughing, or moving.

B. Do not take more than 10 seconds to check for signs ofcirculation.

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Circulation


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Maintain head tiltPlace 2 or 3 fingers on the Adam's apple

Slide your fingers into the groove between the Adam's appleand the muscle (sternomastoid). Pull your fingers toward you.

When your fingers are in the correct position, determine if apulse is present by feeling for it. This should take no morethan 10 seconds.

If there is no pulse, start chest compressions.

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How to perform the pulse check


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CONTINUE CPR

30 2


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Approach safely

Check response

Shout for help

Open airway

Check breathing

Call30 chest compressions

2 rescue breaths

BASIC LIFE SUPPORT


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DEFIBRILLATION


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Call 997/code blue

Approach safely

Check response

Shout for help

Open airway

Check breathing

Attach AED

Follow voice prompts

DEFIBRILLATION


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AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR (AED)

Some AEDs will automaticallyswitch themselves on when

the lid is opened

DEFIBRILLATION


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Automated Defibrillation1. Ease of use by

untrained rescuers

2. Automateddetection ofdefibrillatablerhythms

3. Advises shock &delivers it.

4. Portable & cheap


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ATTACH PADS TO CASUALTYS BARE CHEST

DEFIBRILLATION


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ANALYSING RHYTHM

DO NOT TOUCH VICTIM

DEFIBRILLATION


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SHOCK INDICATED

Stand clear

Deliver shock

DEFIBRILLATION


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SHOCK DELIVERED

FOLLOW AED INSTRUCTIONS

30 2

DEFIBRILLATION


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PLACING THE VICTIM IN RECOVERY POSITION


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Approach safely

Check response

Shout for help

Open airway

Check breathing

Call 997


2 rescue breaths

Approach safely

Check response

Shout for help

Open airway

Check breathing

Call

Attach AED

Follow voice prompts


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CONTINUE RESUSCITATION UNTIL

Qualified help arrives and takes over

The victim starts breathing normally

Rescuer becomes exhausted


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When Can I Stop CPR?Victim revivesTrained help arrives

Too exhausted to continue

Unsafe scenePhysician directed (do not resuscitate

orders)

Cardiac arrest of longer than 30 minutes (controversial)


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Checking for CPR

EffectivenessDoes chest rise and fall with

rescue breaths?Have a second rescuer check

pulse while you givecompressions


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Why CPR May Fail

Delay in startingImproper procedures (ex. Forget to pinch

nose)

No ACLS follow-up and delay indefibrillation

Only 15% who receive CPR live to gohome

Improper techniques

Terminal disease or unmanageable disease(massive heart attack)


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Stomach Distension

Air in the stomach Creates pressure against the

lungs

Prevention of StomachDistension Dont blow too hard Slow rescue breathing Re-tilt the head to make sure the airway is open Use mouth to nose method


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M.A.Seraj, The new manual of basic emergencyprocedures, First

Aid and updated CPR. Learn CPR: http://deptedu/learncpr/index.html

European resuscitation council adult basic life support(BLS)

References

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Thank You

(8) basic life support (bls)

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