6th grade science end of year exam

8/21/2019 6th Grade Science End of Year Exam

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HMS_6th Grade_Earth Science End of the Year Exam [44982]

ead the following and answer the questionselow:

hunderstorms take place around the world, with lightningriking the ground 100 times every second. bout 100,000

understorms occur in the !nited "tates every year. #loridaas the most days with thunderstorms in the !nited "tates,hile the $est %oast and laska have the fewest.

hunderstorms can happen any time of year, but they areore common at certain times of year, due to weather

onditions. The graph below shows the average number ofays thunderstorms occur each month in tlanta, &eorgia

orms are also more likely to occur at certain times of day,

s shown in the graph of data collected for thunderstormsat occurred in $isconsin, which is located by the &reatakes.

he average thunderstorm is about 1( miles wide and lastsound half an hour. Rain and hail may fall during such a storm.

he conditions that cause thunderstorms may also lead to otherpes of dangerous weather.

The graphs show thunderstorm patternsaccording to both time of year and time of

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day. !sing both graphs, which statementdescribes a ma)or reason for both patterns*

A. 'and changes temperature more rapidlythan water.

. ir pressure is lower when there is moresunlight.

!. "ea bree+es are stronger during coolweather.

". odies of water cool the land near them.

2. 'ook at the graph showing Time of Thunderstorms in $isconsin. $hich best e-plainsthe steep drop in number of thunderstorms after p.m.*

A. decreasing temperatures on land

. increasing temperature in water

!. decreasing atmospheric moisture

". increasing air pressure

#. $hen a scientist comes up with a hypothesis, he or she is most likely

A. summari+ing the data in an investigation.

. conducting the /nal steps of an e-periment.

!. changing the procedures during an e-periment.

". predicting what will happen in an investigation.

4. student notices dogs have more eas in the summer than in the winter. ased onthese observations, which is the most logical question for the student to investigate*

A. ow does wind a2ect the amount of eas on dogs*

. ow does diet a2ect the amount of eas on dogs*

!. ow does rain a2ect the amount of eas on dogs*

". ow does temperature a2ect the amount of eas on dogs*

$. farmer thinks a new kind of feed will help his hens lay more eggs. To /nd out, he puhis hens into two equal groups. &roup 1 receives the old feed and &roup 3 receives



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the new feed. $hat will the farmer need to compare in order to determine if hishypothesis is supported by the data*

A. the si+e of the hens in each group

. the si+e of the eggs each group lays

!. the total number of hens in each group

". the total number of eggs each group lays

6. $hich step should be performed /rst in a scienti/c investigation*

A. prepare a conclusion

. ask a question

!. conduct the e-periment

". choose the correct equipment

%. $hich is a hypothesis that can be easily tested*

A. The 4oon causes high tides.

. 5uring which season are the tides the highest*

!. $hat is the phase of the 4oon when tides are highest*

". $hen the 4oon is full, the tides will be at their highest.

8. Two groups of students made toy cars. &roup 1 used cardboard wheels. &roup 3 usecardboard wheels wrapped with rubber bands. They rolled their cars down a ramp tosee which car would travel the farthest.

fter one trial, the &roup 3 %ar traveled farther than the &roup 1 %ar. $hich activitywould most support their results*

A. rolling the cars down the ramp three more times



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. measuring the time it takes for the cars to stop

!. racing more cars with di2erent wheels

". making the ramp higher

9. 5erek hypothesi+es that a potted fern in a closed container will stay healthier thanthe same type of plant on an open windowsill. t the conclusion of his investigation,5erek /nds that his results support his hypothesis. $hich best e-plains why 5erekshould repeat the investigation*

A. to be able to start another investigation

. to prove the investigation is important

!. to learn why the hypothesis is correct

". to make sure the results are valid

1&. student fed the /sh in an aquarium at :00 a.m., 1:00 p.m., and :00 p.m everyday for two weeks. "he observed that the /sh ate more in the morning than at anyother time of day. 6n order to verify her results, how should other students performthis e-periment*

A. e-actly the same as the /rst student did

. conduct the e-periment for three days

!. change the type of food fed to the /sh

". turn o2 the aquarium light before each feeding

11. scientist claims that he made a discovery in the lab. $hat does the scientist needto have in order to prove that the discovery is valid*

A. diagrams showing the steps used in the discovery

. accurate records that show that the data are consistent

!. documents showing that the scientist is well known



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". proof that the equipment used in the discovery is of high quality

12. Two inventors from di2erent labs are each trying to develop a better stain remover.5uring their investigations, which of these is most important for the inventors to do

A. 7ne inventor should copy the design of the other.

. 7ne inventor should perform half of the procedure for the other.

!. 8ach inventor should write down the procedure so it can be repeated.

1#.

$hen performing a new e-periment for the /rst time, a scientist reaches anune-pected conclusion. $hat must the scientist do in order to have the conclusionaccepted by other scientists*

A. write a brief report

. repeat the e-periment

!. purchase new equipment

". make a data chart

14. student hypothesi+es that the amount of water a plant receives will a2ect how lonit grows before reaching maturity. To test this hypothesis, the student will need

A. several digital scales.

. a wet paper towel.

!. several identical plant seeds.

". di2erent si+es of containers.

1$. 9ohn is investigating if ants will eat crackers. e puts ants and sand in a clear plasti )ar. 9ohn puts tiny pieces of crackers on top of the sand. e plans to observe the antat the same time each day for a week. To perform the investigation correctly, whichshould 9ohn do each time he observes the ants in the )ar*

A. add more cracker pieces to the )ar

. write down what the ants are doing

!. guess how much the ants have eaten

". plan what he will do ne-t in the investigation

16 4aria races a toy car on three di2erent



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. tracks.

"he races the car once on each track."he concludes that the car on Track willalways /nish in the shortest time. ow can4aria increase the chances that herconclusion is correct*

A. Race the car on the tracks in a

di2erent order.

. !se a di2erent stopwach to time theraces.

!. Race the car on each track a fewmore times.

".

!se tracks that are made out ofdi2erent materials.

1%. student conducted an investigation and found that the results supported the

hypothesis. To make sure the results are reliable, the student should

A. make a graph.

. write a report.

!. use a di2erent procedure.

". repeat the same procedure.

18. class learns about weather. The students in the class measure the outside airtemperature at the same time each day. $hich way of measuring the temperaturewould provide the most accurate data*

A. taking the measurement in the shade

. placing the thermometer on the ground

!. taking a measurement using a di2erent tool each day

". recording the measurements from three thermometers



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19. 4r. ;asque+%

13:00 p.m. warmer

:00 p.m. same

. Temperature6nvestigation

Time Temperature

=:00 a.m. 1(>%

13:00 p.m. 1(.(>%

:00 p.m. 1(.(>%

!. Temperature6nvestigation

Time Temperature

4orning cool

'unchtime same

fternoon cooler

". Temperature6nvestigation

Time Temperature

4orning 1(.(>%

'unchtime 1(>%



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fternoon 1(.(>%

2&. student uses cups to model the amount of water on 8arth compared to the amounof land.

#our cups are /lled with di2erent amounts of water. 6f the empty space in the cuprepresents land, which cup best shows the amount of water covering 8arth*

A. 1

. 3

!.

". ?

21. The question mark in the diagram below represents which stage of the water cycle*

HMS_6th Grade_Earth Science End of the Year Exam Page /34


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A. condensation

. precipitation

!. ground water

". evaporation

22. $hich of the following would increase if an area had high temperatures and lowhumidity*

A. precipitation rates

. condensation rates

!. evaporation rates

". respiration rates

2#. The diagram shows parts of the water cycle.

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$hich point represents condensation*

A.

.

!. %

". 5

24. $ith reference to the cycle below, in which stage does condensation occur*

A. 1

. 3

!.

". ?

2$. The chart shows the distribution of freshwater on 8arth.

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4ost of the freshwater on 8arth is

A. highly polluted.

. in the fro+en state.

!. used for agriculture.

". puri/ed for drinking.

26. The diagram below shows parts of the water cycle.



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The process by which liquid water changes into water vapor is shown at which point

A.

.

!. %

". 5

2%. The diagram shows parts of the water cycle.



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$hich point represents transpiration*

A.

.

!. %

". 5

28. The diagram below shows parts of the water cycle.

The process by which water vapor cools and changes into tiny liquid dropletssuspended in the air is shown at which point*

A.

.

!. %

". 5

29. The water cycle describes the movement of the water of 8arth. bout =@A of thewater of 8arth is the salt water found in the oceans while the remaining ?A is freshwater. $here would the ma)ority of the freshwater on 8arth be found*

A. groundwater and aquifers

. swamps and wetlands



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!. ice caps and glaciers

". lakes and rivers

#&. The diagram shows parts of the water cycle.

$hich point represents evaporation*

A.

.

!. %

". 5

#1. This graph shows the percentages and types of water on 8arth.

$hich source contains most of the fresh water on 8arth*

A. lakes



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. groundwater

!. rivers and streams

". glaciers and ice caps

#2. $hich of the following contains most of the water on 8arth*

A. the oceans

. watersheds

!. the atmosphere

". ice and aquifers

##. $hich fact best e-plains why most evaporation happens in the oceans*

A. 7cean water is salty.

. There are mountain ranges on the ocean oor.

!. bout =B percent of 8arth


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$hich point represents precipitation*

A.

.

!. %

". 5

#6. $hen water vapor rises in the atmosphere it cools. This cooling causes DDDDDDDD

A. ioni+ation.

. condensation.

!. evaporation.

". precipitation.

#%. $hich is 8arth


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". tropical seas

4&. s a dry summer day begins to heat up which of these is most likely to increase themost*

A. evaporation rates

. precipitation rates

!. condensation rates

". respiration rates

41. 'ook at the water cycle below.

$hat part of the water cycle represents runEo2*

A. 1

. 3

!.

". ?

42. ighEaltitude cirrus clouds are primarily formed from which substance*

A. carbon dio-ide gas

. solid ice crystals

!. nitrogen compounds



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". o+one molecules

4#. $hen light reects o2 certain crystals in the atmosphere, e2ects called halos appea$hich substance in the atmosphere forms these crystals*

A. carbon dio-ide

. o-ygen

!. sulfur dio-ide

". water

44. 'ook at the water cycle below.

$hat part of the water cycle represents condensation*

A. 1

. 3

!.

". ?

4$. 5raw a diagram that models four stages of the water cycle as it happens over anocean. 6n your diagram:

F 'abel the stages of the water cycle.

F 'abel the energy that drives the water cycle, and the force that causes theprecipitation to fall back to the ocean.

46. $hich of the following sentences best e-plains what happens when puddlesevaporate*

A. The water absorbs into the ground.



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. The particles of matter move more slowly.

!. The water changes from one form to another.

". The particles of matter move closer together.

4%. The process by which water vapor in the atmosphere cools and becomes a liquid iscalled

A. evaporation.

. perspiration.

!. condensation.

". transportation.

48. The diagram shows the water cycle.

$hich atmospheric condition directly causes condensation*

A. cooling air with high humidity

. strong wind blowing from the land

!. warm temperatures over the ocean

". high pressure with little moisture present

49. $hy is the p of ocean water higher than the p of normal tap water*

A. ocean water contains salts of weak acids.

. ocean water contains salts of weak bases.!. ocean water contains more o-ygen than tap water.

". ocean water contains fewer minerals than tap water.

$&. $hich statement about ocean currents is accurate*

A. 7cean currents inuence life at the shore.

. 7cean currents keep the ocean temperature unstable.

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!. 7cean currents are a ma)or cause of glacier formation.

". 7cean currents stir nutrients to help in the production of o-ygen.

$1. 7ceans cover nearly B1A of 8arth


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$hich is most likely the mechanism that drives the current to continue to circulate*

A. surface winds

. density currents

!. rotation of 8arth

". gravity of the 4oon

$$. 7cean tides result mainly from

A. surface winds.

. radiant heat from stars.

!. 8arth


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A. ocean tides

. time of day

!. energy from the "un

". phases of the 4oon

$9. $hen air is heated, it will most likely

A. e-pand and fall.

. e-pand and rise.

!. condense and fall.

". condense and rise.

6&. The gravitational pull between the 4oon and 8arth a2ects conditions here on 8artheven though the 4oon has about 1G0 the mass and about 1G? the diameter of 8arth6f the 4oon was about the same si+e and mass of 8arth, which would most likelyoccur*

A. There would be smaller tides on 8arth.

. There would be bigger tides on 8arth.

!. 7b)ects would weigh more on 8arth.

". 7b)ects would weigh less on 8arth.

61. The strength of tides is related to the position of the "un, 8arth, and the 4oon. Thediagrams show the alignment of the "un, 8arth, and the 4oon on di2erent dates.

ow did the tides for "eptember 3@ compare to the tides for 7ctober *

A. The tides on "eptember 3@th were stronger than the tides on 7ctober rd.

. The tides on "eptember 3@th were weaker than the tides on 7ctober rd.

!. "eptember 3@th and 7ctober rd produced spring tides.

". "eptember 3@th and 7ctober rd produced neap tides.



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62.

$hich labeled point in the diagram shows where the lowest tide will occur on 8arth*

A. 1

. 3

!.

".

?

6#. student set up the investigation shown below.

$hich real life situation is the student modeling*

A. how the oceans heat the land

. how 8arth


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!. how lakes a2ect land around them

". how the "un a2ects oceans and land

64. 'and heats up faster during the day than water does. s the beach gets warm durinthe day, it heats the air above it. The warm air rises and cool air from the ocean ispulled in to replace it. "o, air ows from the ocean to the land. t night, the land

cools faster than the ocean. $hat most likely happens to the air at the beach atnight*

A. The air is still.

. The air moves along the coast.

!. The air ows from the ocean to the land.

". The air ows from the land to the ocean.

6$. 7n a warm day, students took a /eld trip to a local lake. $hile walking around, thestudents noticed that the air temperature felt very di2erent in some locations near

the lake. $hich location most likely felt the coolest to the students*

A. the parking lot near the bus

. the shore right ne-t to the lake

!. a trail from the parking lot to a grassy picnic area

". a grassy picnic area where tables and benches were set up

66. The picture below shows the local weather condition called a sea bree+e.

$hat is the main reason a sea bree+e begins*

A. $ater receives less solar energy than land does.

. 4ore clouds form over the ocean than over land.



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!. %ool air rises over the ocean, then sinks over land.

". "unlight heats land more quickly than it heats water.

6%. $hich of these has the greatest capacity for storing thermal energy from the "un*

A. air

. land

!. oceans

". plants

68. $hile ying a kite at the beach, a student observes that the wind blows constantlyinland from the sea for much of the day and then decreases as the "un starts to set

$hat is the cause for this steady wind blowing inland*

A. $aves push against the air above the water.

. 'and and water absorb and lose heat di2erently.

!. %louds are thicker over the water than over the land.

". uildings on land stop the wind from blowing toward the water.

69. $hich is a factor that most likely would a2ect the climate in a particular area*

A. amount of lightning

. distance from an ocean

!. number of earthquakes



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". shape of the shoreline

%&. "eattle, $ashington, and ismarck, Horth 5akota, are at about the same latitudeIdistance from the 8quatorJ. owever, "eattle is a coastal city, while ismarck is aninland city. The table shows how the average temperatures in these cities aredi2erent.

$hich statement best e-plains these di2erences*

A. "ea bree+es cool water near the shore.

. %ities near the ocean have greater air pressure.

!. ir collects more heat over water than over the land.

". The rate of temperature change is slower in water than on land.

%1. urricanes form over water and lose wind speed when they move over land. $hatdoes this pattern best illustrate*

A. 4ore solar radiation strikes oceans than land.

. eat from inside 8arth warms oceans more than land.

!. 7ceans transfer more energy to the atmosphere than land does.

". 7ceans transfer both heat and chemical energy to the atmosphere.

%2. $hich statement about the relationship between the ocean and atmosphere is mosaccurate*

A. 7cean currents do not a2ect the atmosphere.

. The atmosphere stores more heat than the ocean.

!. The ocean can hold heat more eKciently than the air.



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". 7cean currents can move faster than air or wind currents.

%#. $hat information best helps a meteorologist predict the possibility of tornadoesdeveloping in a certain area*

A. current wind conditions

. type of clouds in the sky!. percent humidity in the air

". amount of rainfall

%4. The diagram below shows the air ow at the 8quator. This air ow is the beginning oma)or wind systems.

$hy is the 8quator the center of this system*

A. because the 8quator divides the 8arth

. because the 8quator is mainly over the ocean

!. because the 8quator receives frequent storms



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". because the 8quator receives the most direct sunlight

%$. model is shown.

The blue water from the )ar rises to the top of the bowl. This model is most likelyshowing which event*

A. the way heat is transferred from a gas grill to food. the e-change of o-ygen and carbon dio-ide in lungs

!. the convection currents that form thunderstorms

". the direction in which a hurricane moves

%6. ow do the conditions for a tornado di2er from the conditions for a hurricane*

A. Tornadoes never form when there is rain, while hurricanes always form with



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rain.

. Tornadoes form under low pressure, while hurricanes form under highpressure.

!. Tornadoes form in a stable atmosphere, while hurricanes form in an unstableatmosphere.

". Tornadoes form over land, while hurricanes form over bodies of water.

%%. $hich is the main cause of global wind patterns*

A. the %oriolis e2ect

. uneven heating of 8arth

!. direction of ocean currents

". development of rain clouds

%8. $hich two factors are most responsible for a ash ood*

A. the distance from rivers and the time when it rains

. the temperature of the rain and the time since it last rained

!. how much rain is falling and how long the rain lasts

". how far the water must ow and time of the year it is raining

%9. "ometimes the conditions in a thunderstorm can lead to other dangerous weather.!nder these conditions, rapidly rising air can change direction, pick up speed, andthen start to spin. $hat kind of weather condition could this cause*

A. hail

. tornado

!. typhoon

". hurricane

8&. "torms transport water in the form of rain. The energy that starts this process comefrom the

A. "un.

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. oceans.

!. 8arth.

". clouds.

81. $hich best describes climate*

A. weather patterns over time

. precipitation in an area

!. frequency of warm and cold fronts

". current temperatures

82. $hich statement best describes the relationship between climate and weather*

A. $eather is the overall climate within a season.

. $eather is the overall climate over several years.

!. %limate is the overall weather within a season.

". %limate is the overall weather over several years.

8#. The water cycle is important for recycling the water on 8arth. $hich of these is thesource of most of the water vapor in 8arth


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84.%ity verage 8levation Iabove sea levelJ

5enver, %olorado 1@10 meters

"t. 'ouis, 4issouri 1@ meters

Hashville, Tennessee 13 meters

4iami, #lorida ? meters

ased on the information in the table, which city most likely has the coldest climate

A. 5enver

. "t. 'ouis

!. Hashville

". 4iami

8$. urricanes are strong windstorms that take place around the world. The map belowshows the areas where hurricanes begin.



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$hich statement best e-plains why hurricanes develop in the areas shown*

A. urricanes require warm, moist air for development.

. urricanes develop mainly during summer months.

!. urricanes develop in unstable areas.

". urricanes only develop near land.

86. ;illage is located at the base of a mountain. ;illage is located near the top of thmountain. ow would the climate di2er between the two villages*

A. ;illage would have colder temperatures.

. ;illage would receive more rainfall.

!. ;illage would have colder temperatures.

". ;illage would have cloudier days.

8%. "atellite technology helps scientists observe weather conditions over the entiresurface of 8arth. The drawing below represents a satellite picture of Horth merica.



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$hich observation about storm origins do satellite pictures help scientists make*

A. 4any storm systems develop over the ocean.

. "torms systems develop when two clouds collide with each other.

!. 4ost storm systems develop when clouds approach the mountains.

". "torm systems develop when hot, dry air rises higher into the atmosphere.

88. $hat ma)or and potentially catastrophic events can be predicted to occur in theHorthern emisphere between the months of 9une and Hovember*

A. tsunamis

. hurricanes

!. asteroid impacts

". volcanic eruptions

89. The arrows represent air rising from the ocean to the atmosphere.

Rising warm air leads to the formation of

A. tsunamis.

. high tides.

!. hurricanes.

". density currents.

9&. $hich portion of a meteorologistLs report on the evening news deals with climate*

A. temperature changes throughout the day

. current relative humidity

!. average high and low temperatures for that date



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6th grade science end of year exam

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