5.1 Notes5.1 Notes To keep your teeth and gums healthy, brush To keep your teeth and gums healthy, brush

and floss daily.and floss daily. At least brush twice a day.At least brush twice a day. Soft bristle tooth brushSoft bristle tooth brush Replace the tooth brush every 2 to 3 months or Replace the tooth brush every 2 to 3 months or

after an illness. after an illness. fluoridefluoride – a substance that helps prevent tooth – a substance that helps prevent tooth

decaydecay Buy a toothpaste with fluoride.Buy a toothpaste with fluoride. If you can’t brush, at least rinse your mouth outIf you can’t brush, at least rinse your mouth out

5.1 Notes5.1 Notes You should floss to get the food stuck between You should floss to get the food stuck between

the teeth and to prevent cavitiesthe teeth and to prevent cavities Brush for 2 minutes each time:Brush for 2 minutes each time:

30 seconds for each of the 4 areas.30 seconds for each of the 4 areas. Circular strokes are the best for brushingCircular strokes are the best for brushing Brush your tongueBrush your tongue Things that help fight tooth decay:Things that help fight tooth decay:

Fruits & vegetablesFruits & vegetables Milk and yogurt – they contain calciumMilk and yogurt – they contain calcium No sugar (less sugar)No sugar (less sugar) Visit the dentist every 6 monthsVisit the dentist every 6 months

5.1 Notes5.1 Notes tooth decaytooth decay – a tooth or teeth start to disintegrate due – a tooth or teeth start to disintegrate due

to bacteriato bacteria plaqueplaque – a thin, sticky film that builds up on teeth and – a thin, sticky film that builds up on teeth and

contributes to tooth decaycontributes to tooth decay If you do not brush off the plaque, acid forms, and If you do not brush off the plaque, acid forms, and

starts eating a hole (cavity) in your tooth.starts eating a hole (cavity) in your tooth. cavitycavity – a hole in teeth that forms due to acid when – a hole in teeth that forms due to acid when

plaque builds upplaque builds up dentindentin – bonelike material that surrounds the sensitive – bonelike material that surrounds the sensitive

inner parts of the toothinner parts of the tooth enamelenamel – the hard material on the outer surface of the – the hard material on the outer surface of the

toothtooth

5.1 Notes5.1 Notes tartartartar – hardened plaque that threatens gum – hardened plaque that threatens gum

healthhealth 3 layers of the skin:3 layers of the skin:

1.1. epidermisepidermis – outer part of the skin – outer part of the skin

2.2. dermisdermis – inner part of the skin – inner part of the skin

3.3. layer of fat cellslayer of fat cells

5.1 Notes5.1 Notes 5 functions of the skin:5 functions of the skin:

1.1. waterproofing – keeps the water out of the bodywaterproofing – keeps the water out of the body

2.2. Vitamin D formation – help build bones and teethVitamin D formation – help build bones and teeth

3.3. protections – protects from germs and injuriesprotections – protects from germs and injuries

4.4. temperature controltemperature control

5.5. sensation – any touching feelingsensation – any touching feeling acneacne – a skin condition (face, neck back, – a skin condition (face, neck back,

chest, shoulders) that occurs when active oil chest, shoulders) that occurs when active oil glands cause hair follicles to become clogged.glands cause hair follicles to become clogged.

5.1 Notes5.1 Notes dandruffdandruff – a flaking of the outer layer of dead – a flaking of the outer layer of dead

skin cells on the scalp (scalp is dry)skin cells on the scalp (scalp is dry) head licehead lice – parasitic insects that live on the – parasitic insects that live on the

hair shaft and cause itchinghair shaft and cause itching