5. glava
TRANSCRIPT
RADIOLOŠKA
ANATOMIJA I PATOLOGIJA
Glava
SVEUČILIŠTE U SPLITU
SVEUČILIŠNI ODJEL ZDRAVSTVENIH STUDIJA
STUDIJ RADIOLOŠKE TEHNOLOGIJE
Radiološka anatomija:
• Radiološke metode u prikazu a/p
• Kosti glave
• Moždani parenhim
• Orbite
• Hipofiza
• Paranazalni sinusi
• Krvne žile glave i vrata
Metode u radiologiji
• Morfološki prikaz rtg, CT, CTA, MR, DSA,
mijelografija,
• Funkcijski prikaz UZ, fMRI , MRS,
SPECT, PET
• Kombinacija MRA
Sagitalni presjek
Koronarni presjek
Osjetljivost CT MR
Prostorna rezolucija
FUNKCIJSKI MR
PI DWI
BOLD
FUNKCIJSKI MR
MRS
MOŽDANE OVOJNICE
CEREBRPOSPINALNI LIKVOR
NEURORADIOLOŠKA OBRADA
ZAPOČINJE VEĆ INTRAUTERINO
UZV
MR
KOSTI GLAVE
Kosti lubanje – rtg.
SINUSI PA snimka
1. Nosna pregrada
2. Frontalni sinus
3. Maksilarni sinus
4. Etmoidni sinus
2
1
4
3
7
1- Fisura orbitalis superior
2- Foramen orbitalis inferior
3- Foramen mentalis
1
2
3
1
2
3
KOSTI LICA
1. Frontalni sinus
2. Etmoidni sinus
3. Koštani dio nosne pregrade
4. zigomatično-frontalna sutura
5. Maksilarni sinus
6. Zigomatična kost
7. Zigomatični luk
8. Mandibula
9. Donji rub orbite
10. Lijeva orbita
8
1
2
5
7
9
10
3
4
6
Otvor optičkog živca
1. Frontalni sinu
2. Maksilarni sinus
3. Etmoidni sinus
4. Sfenoidni sinus
5. Sella turcica
6. Okcipitalna kost
7. Mastoidne stanice
8. Dno stražnje lubanjske jame
9. Nazofarinks (zrak)
10. Kondili mandibule
11.Koronarni šav
10
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
11
PROFILNA SNIMKA GLAVE
LUBANJA
Baza
1. Parijetalna kost
2. Lambdoidna sutura
3. Foramen magnum
4. Petrozni dio temporalne kosti
5. Mandibula
6. Mastoidne stanice
4
5
1
1
2
3
6
3
2
4
6
1. Pterigoidna ploča
2. Etmoidni sinus
3. Odontoidni procesus
4. Sfenoidni sinus
5. Foramen ovale
6. Maksilarni sinus
7. Mastoidne stanice
8. Luk C! kralješka
9. Foramen ovale
10. Kanal vanjskog
zvukovoda
7 9
1
5
8
10
BAZA LUBANJE
SNIMKA ORBITA
TEMPOROMANDIBULARNI ZGLOBOVI
SNIMKA TMZ
SNIMKA TMZ
SNIMKA PIRAMIDA
SNIMKA ORBITA
SNIMKA SINUSA
SNIMKA MASTOIDA
SNIMKA MASTOIDA
SNIMKA OPTIČKOG KANALA
UZV - CT - MR
Sagitalni presjek
Koronarni presjek
KOSTI GLAVE - CT
BAZA LUBANJE - CT
KAROTIDNI KANAL
FORAMEN JUGULARE
MANDIBULARNI
KONDILI
MASTOIDNE STANICE
UŠKA
BAZA LUBANJE - CT
ZIGOMATIČNI LUK
KANAL
VANJSKOG
ZVUKOVODA
BAZA LUBANJE - CT
FORAMEN OVALE
FORAMEN SPINOSUM
BAZA LUBANJE - CT
KAROTIDNI KANAL
SLUŠNE KOŠĆICE
MALLEUS
INCUS
BAZA LUBANJE - CT
KANAL UNUTARNJEG ZVUKOVODA
KAROTIDNI KANAL
MALLEUS
INCUS
BAZA LUBANJE - CT
Ramus of
mandible
Lateral
pterigoid m
Lateral pterigoid
plate
Medial pterigoid
plate
Maxillary sinus
Nasal septum
Mastoid process Spinal card
Styloid process
Ramus of
mandible
Lateral
pterigoid m
Lateral pterigoid
plate
Medial pterigoid
plate
Maxillary sinus
Nasal septum
Mastoid air cells Spinal card
Styloid process
Coronoid
process Neck of
mandible
Lateral
pterigoid m
Lateral pterigoid
plate
Medial pterigoid
plate
Maxillary sinus
Nasal septum
Mastoid air cells
Styloid process
Spinal card
Foraman
magnum
Vertebral a
Coronoid
process Neck of
mandible
Mastoid air cells
Lateral
pterigoid m
Lateral pterigoid
plate
Medial pterigoid
plate
Maxillary sinus
Nasal septum
Spinal cord
Foraman
magnum
Vertebral a
Coronoid
process Neck of
mandible
Lateral
pterigoid m
Lateral pterigoid
plate
Medial pterigoid
plate
Maxillary sinus
Nasal septum
Mastoid air cells
Foraman
magnum
Vertebral a
External auditory
meatus Mastoid air cells
Medulla oblangata
Nasal septum
Temporalis m
Trapezius m
Coronoid process
Head of
mandible
Temporo-
madibular joint
Globe
Vertebral a
External auditory
meatus
Lacrimal gland
Mastoid air cells
Medulla oblongata
Nasal septum
Globe
Temporalis m
Cerebellar
hemisphere
Trapezius m
Auditory tube
External auditory
meatus
Lacrimal gland
Mastoid air cells
Medulla oblongata
Temporalis m
Cerebellar
hemisphere
Trapezius m
Sigmoid sinus
Lens
Globe
Auditory tube
Lacrimal gland
Mastoid air cells
Medulla oblangata
Rectus medialis
Temporalis m
Cerebellar
hemisphere
Trapezius m
Sigmoid sinus
Lens
Globe
Basilar a
Auditory tube
Internal occipital
protuberance
Lacrimal gland
Mastoid air cells
Medulla oblangata
Rectus medialis
Temporalis m
Cerebellar
hemisphere
Trapezius m
Sigmoid sinus
Lens
Globe
Basilar a
Internal occipital
protuberance
Frontal sinus
Lacrimal gland
Mastoid air cells
Medulla oblangata
Petrous bone
Rectus lateralis Crista galli
Temporalis m Temporal lobe
Cerebellar
hemisphere
Trapezius m
Sigmoid sinus
Rectus medialis
Globe
Basillar a
Internal occipital
protuberance
Frontal sinus
Lacrimal gland
Mastoid air cells
Medulla oblangata
Petrous bone
Rectus lateralis
Optic nerve
Crista galli
Temporalis m Temporal lobe
Cerebellar
hemisphere
Trapezius m
Sigmoid sinus
Globe
Basillar a
Internal occipital
protuberance
Frontal sinus
Lacrimal gland
Pons Mastoid air cells
Petrous bone
Rectus lateralis
Optic nerve
Crista galli
Temporalis m Temporal lobe
Cerebellar
hemisphere
Trapezius m
Sigmoid sinus
Globe
Internal occipital
protuberance
Frontal sinus
Lacrimal gland
Pons Mastoid air cells
Nasal septum
Petrous bone
Optic nerve
Crista galli
Temporalis m
Temporal lobe
Cerebellar
hemisphere
Trapezius m
Sigmoid sinus
Globe
Crista galli
Internal occipital
protuberance
Frontal sinus
Pons Mastoid air cells
Petrous bone
Sphenoidal sinus Temporalis m
Temporal lobe
Cerebellar
hemisphere
Trapezius m
Sigmoid sinus
Globe
Crista galli
Frontal sinus
Pons Mastoid air cells
Sphenoidal sinus Temporalis m
Temporal lobe
Cerebellar
hemisphere
Sigmoid sinus
Dorsum sellae
Internal occipital
protuberance
Tentorium cerebelli
Crista galli
Frontal sinus
Pons Mastoid air cells
Sella tursica Temporalis m
Temporal lobe
Cerebellar
hemisphere
Sigmoid sinus
Dorsum sellae
Internal occipital
protuberance
Tentorium cerebelli
Grey Matter
White Matter
White Matter
Occipital Lobe
Cerebellum
Grey Matter
Frontal Lobe
Lateral Sulcus
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Gyri of cerebral
cortex
Sulci of cerebral
Cortex
Cerebellum
Frontal
Lobe Temporal
Lobe
Frontal Lobe
Temporal
Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Occipital
Lobe
Cerebellum
Frontal Lobe
Eye
Ball
Parietal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Transverse
Sinus
Cerebellar
Hemisphere
Optic Nerve
Maxillary
Sinus
Precentral Sulcus
Lateral Ventricle
Occipital Lobe
Caudate
Nucleus
Tongue
Corpus callosum
Thalamus
Tentorium
Cerebelli
Pons
Thalamus
Splenium of
Corpus
callosum
Pons
Ethmoid air
Cells
Inferior nasal
Concha
Mesencephalon
Fourth Ventricle
Genu of Corpus
Callosum
Hypophysis
Body of corpus callosum Thalamus
Splenium
of Corpus
callosum Genu of
corpus
callosum
Pons
Superior
Colliculus
Inferior
Colliculus
Nasal Nasal Septuml
Medulla
Cingulate Gyrus
Genu of corpus
callosum
Ethmoi
d air
cells
Oral cavity
Splenium
of Corpus
callosum
Fourth Ventricle
Frontal
Lobe
Maxillary
Sinus
Parietal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Corpus Callosum Thalamus
Cerebellum
Frontal Lobe
Temporal
Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Lateral Ventricle
Occipital Lobe
Cerebellum
Parietal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Cerebellum
Frontal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Frontal Lobe
Lateral Sulcus
Superior Temporal
Gyrus
Inferior Temporal
Gyrus
Parietal
Lobe
Middle
Temporal
Gyrus
External
Auditory
Meatus
Eye Ball
Cerebral Peduncle
Temporal Horn
Lateral Ventricle
Occipital Lobe
Lateral Sulcus
(Sylvian)
Inferior
Colliculus
Putamen
Globus Pallidus
Third Ventricle
Thalamus
Frontal Horn
Lateral Ventricle
Anterior Limb
Internal Capsule
Posterior Limb
Internal Capsule Thalamus
Head of the
Caudate Nucleus
Frontal Lobe
Anterior Limb
Internal Capsule
Lentiform Nucleus
Posterior Limb
Internal Capsule
Splenium of
Corpus
Callosum
Genu of
Corpus Callosum
Head of the
Caudate Nucleus
Thalamus
Lateral Ventricle
Longitudinal
Fissure
Caudate Nucleus Frontal Horn
Lateral Ventricle
Occipital Horn
Lateral Ventricle
Lateral Ventricle Corpus Callosum
Cingulate Gyrus Corona Radiata
Gyri
Sulci Falx cerebri
Calvarium
Superior Sagittal Sinus
Straight Sinus
Transverse Sinus
Superior Sagittal Sinus
Straight Sinus
Cerebellum
Superior Sagittal
Sinus
Cerebellum
Occipital Lobe
Longitudinal
Fissure
Sigmoid
Sinus
Straight Sinus
Vermis of
Cerebellum
Straight Sinus
Cerebellum
Lateral Ventricle,
Occipital Horn
Arachnoid Villi
Great Cerebral
Vein
Tentorium
Cerebelli
Falx Cerebri
Lateral Ventricle
Vermis of
Cerebellum
Cerebellum
Splenium of
Corpus callosum
Posterior
Cerebral
Artery
Superior
Cerebellar
Artery
Foramen
Magnum
Lateral Ventricle
Internal Cerebral
Vein
Tentorium
Cerebelli
Fourth Ventricle
Cingulate Gyrus
Choroid Plexus
Superior Colliculus
Cerebral Aqueduct
Corpus Callosum
Thalamus
Pineal Gland
Vertebral Artery
Insula
Lateral Sulcus
Cerebral Peduncle
Olive
Crus of Fornix
Middle Cerebellar
Peduncle
Caudate Nucleus
Third Ventricle
Hippocampus
Pons
Corpus Callosum
Thalamus
Cerebral
Peduncle
Parahippocampal
gyrus
Lateral Ventricle
Uncus Of
Temporal Lobe
Lateral Ventricle,
Temporal Horn
Body of Fornix
Third Ventricle
Hippocampus
Internal Capsule
Insula
Optic Tract
Caudate Nucleus
Lentiform Nucleus
Hypothalamus
Amygdala
Parotid Gland
Internal Capsule
Optic Nerve
Nasal part of
Pharynx
Cingulate Gyrus
Caudate Nucleus
Lentiform Nucleus
Internal Carotid
Artery
Longitudinal
Fissure
Lateral Sulcus
Parotid Gland
Superior Sagittal
Sinus
Genu of Corpus
Callosum
Temporal Lobe
Ethmoid Sinus
Nasal Septum
Nasal Cavity
Tongue
Frontal Lobe
Nasal Turbinate
Masseter Muscle
Rectus Medialis
Rectus Lateralis
Inferior Turbinate
Frontal Lobe
Rectus Superior
Rectus Inferior
Maxillary Sinus
Tooth
Grey Matter
Superior Sagittal Sinus
White Matter
Eye Ball
Maxillary Sinus
Tongue
Superior Sagittal Sinus
Nasal Septum
Tooth
Eye Ball
Frontal Lobe
Oral Cavity
Nasal Turbinate
Medulla Oblongata
Vermis of Cerebellum
External
Auditory
Meatus
Auricle
Maxillary
Sinus
Trigeminal Nerve
Fourth Ventricle
Cerebellum
Rhombencephalon
(Hindbrain)
Inferior Cerebellar
Peduncle
Temporal Lobe
Pons
Fourth Ventricle
Maxillary Sinus
Middle Cerebellar
Peduncle
Temporal Lobe
Pons
Fourth Ventricle
Ethmoid sinus
Cerebellar
Hemisphere
Pituitary Gland
Lens
Cerebral aqueduct
Eye Ball
Optic Nerve
Optic Chiasm
Pons
Cerebellum
Temporal lobe
Lateral Rectus
muscle
Nasal Septum
Cerebral Peduncle
Inferior colliculus
Eye Ball
Cerebellum
Eye Ball
Third Ventricle
Cerebral
Peduncle
Vermis of
Cerebellum
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
Inferior Colliculus
Third Ventricle
Superior colliculus
Cerebellum
Lateral Sulcus
(Sylvian)
Lateral Ventricle
Head of Caudate Nucleus
Posterior Limb,
Internal Capsule
Genu,
Corpus Callosum
Anterior Limb,
Internal Capsule
Thalamus
Lateral Ventricle
Choroid Plexus
Lateral Ventricle
Anterior Limb,
Internal Capsule
Thalamus
Head of Caudate Nucleus
Third Ventricle
Lateral Ventricle
Longitudinal Fissure
Genu of corpus
callosum
Internal capsule
Falx cerebri
Lateral ventricle,
Frontal horn
Head of
Caudate Nucleus
Lateral Ventricle,
Occipital horn
Cingulate gyrus
Corona radiata
Calvarium
Falx cerebri
Grey Matter
White Matter
Falx cerebri
Sulcus Gyri
HIPOFIZA
Normalno Tvorba selarnog
područja
PARANAZALNI SINUSI
i ORBITE
1
1. Frontalni sinus
CT- SINUSA TRANSVERZALNI SLOJ
1. Etmoidni sinus
2. Sfenoidni sinus
1
2
CT- SINUSA TRANSVERZALNI SLOJ
1. Maksilarni sinus
2. Pterigoidne ploče
3. Nazofrinks
4. Nosna pregrada
1
2 3
4
CT- SINUSA TRANSVERZALNI SLOJ
1. Maksilarni sinus
2. Tvrdo nepce
3. Mandibula
4. M. maseter
3
2
1
3
4
4
CT- SINUSA TRANSVERZALNI SLOJ
1. Fronto-nasalna
sutura
2. Frontalni sinus
3. Nosna kost
4. Leća
1
2
3 4
CT- SINUSA KORONARNI SLOJ (od naprijed prema straga)
1. Etmoidni sinus
2. Donja nosna školjka
3. Srednjanosna školjka
1
2
3
CT- SINUSA KORONARNI SLOJ
1. Maksilarni sinus
2. Septum nasi
3. Orbita
1
2
3
CT- SINUSA KORONARNI SLOJ
1. Sfenoidni sinus
2. Tvrdo nepce
3. Prednji klinoid
1
2
3
CT- SINUSA KORONARNI SLOJ
1. Retroorbitalna mast
2. M. Rectus medialis
3. Leća
4. M. Rectus lateralis
5. Optički živac
5
1 3 2 4
CT- ORBITA TRANSVERZALNI SLOJ
Upala sinusa
CT SINUSA
Upala sinusa
MMAKSILARNI SINUSI
ETMOIDINI SINUS
CT SINUSA
Posttoperativno:
Trepanacija medijalnog
zida maksilarnog sinusa
ORBITE
PRIJELOM DNA ORBITE
KORONARNI
SLOJ
CT ORBITA
METODE PRIKAZA
KRVNIH ŽILA
• UZ-DOPPLER
• DSA
• CTA
• MRA
B-mod i obojeni Doppler karotidne
arterije
VASKULARNA OPSKRBA
WILLIS-ijev prsten
a. cerebri ant.
a. cerebri media
a. cerebri post.
VASKULARNA OPSKRBNA PODRUČJA
A-V MALFORMACIJA
INFARKT
INFARKT
INTRACEREBRALNO KRVARENJE
SUBARAHNOIDALNO KRVARENJE
EPIDURALNO KRVARENJE
SUBDURALNO KRVARENJE
akutno kronično
DIFUZNA AKSONALANA OZLJEDA