426-fox decent immigrationandrefugeelaw winter2010

8/12/2019 426-Fox Decent Immigrationandrefugeelaw Winter2010

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Immigration and Refugee Law Winter 2010 Prof. Fox-Decent

Immigration and Refugee Law Prof. Evan Fox-DecentStavroula Papadopoulos(ba ed on t!e 200" ummarie b# $ir% &!annon and Dorian 'eed!am

Intro........................................................................................................................................................................

Part I !ontext...................................................................................................................................................... ") *RL+ + )*R& ................................................................................................................................................................ .... ,

nion o//ier# of Ltd . r#den (1 33 ........................................................................................................................................................................ .... .4R. . 5uong-Wing (1316 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... ."Re7 8un !i &ing! (1316 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... ."8ac% . anada (*9 of an ................................................................................................................................................................................................... .

Part II - #$eoretical Perspectives %Sovereignt& and 'pen (orders)................................................................ *:reb/icoc% :!e /aw and economic of Immigration Po/ic#................................................................................................................................................... .3aren a/ien and citi;en 7 t!e ca e for o. anadian !i/dren wit! 'on- iti;en Parent = .................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................... .1,1,

Langner . anada (133, ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... .1, P )R8*')': R )&ID)': &:*: & ..................................................................................................................................... 14

1 Lo of Permanent Re ident &tatu1 Lo of Permanent Re ident &tatu ........................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................ .1"1"Roman . anada (2001 ................................................................................................................................................................................................. ..... .1"

F BR)I9' ' *:IB'*L& &:*: & ...................................................................................................................................... 1

Part I0 !onstitutional Review........................................................................................................................ 12Law &ociet# of . . . 8angat (2001 ................................................................................................................................................................................... .20&ing! . anada (13 , .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... .21anada . !iare//i= C1332 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... .22&ure ! anada (2002 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... .2>

Part 0 3dministrative Review of Su4stantive Decision................................................................................ 1/

Pragmatic/functional approach: Pragmatic/functional approach: ..................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... .2626F* :BR& :B B'&ID)R ..................................................................................................................................................... 2,

Pu !1&ure ! . anada C2002 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... .>>$!o a . anada (2003 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ . .>6

PRB )D R*L F*IR')&& ..................................................................................................................................................... >6a%er on Re iew of Proce ................................................................................................................................................................................................... .>,&ure !..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .>4

Part 0I - International Review........................................................................................................................... /5$!an (133, ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .60*!ani...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .61

Part 0II - #emporar& Residence........................................................................................................................+uan (2001 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .62

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De/a ru; (13 3 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... . .62a )ntr# and De

'o a% (2006 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .6> b ondition Bn *// :em

2 : )8P WBR$)R& .......................................................................................................................................................... 6>> ?RB'I &?BR:*9) &) :BR ........................................................................................................................................ 66

8ic!ae/ Wa/;er= E8ember !i< in &

11 Li e-in aregi erLi e-in are gi er ...................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................... .6,6,2 &ea ona/ *gricu/tura/ Wor%er2 &ea ona/ *gricu/tura/ Wor%er ................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... .6"6"

Diane LindAui t= E*bu e cited in mode/ anadian 9ue t Wor%er Program ................................................................................................ 6> &tudent> &tudent ....................................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................................................................ .66

$im (2006 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ... .63Wen (2002 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .63Din! (200> ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .63

Part 0III - Perm Residents Economic !lass.................................................................................................. "2

&$ILL)D PBI': &+&:)8 .................................................................................................................................................... ,0Dogra v. Canada (1333 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... .,1

'e!me (2006 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .,2

Sheikh v. Canada (200> ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... .,2Di cretion of t!e Immigration Bfficer Di cretion of t!e Immi gration Bfficer ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................. . ,>,>

!en . anada (1336 F * & (di ent rea oning ................................................................................................................................................ ....... .,>

Part 6 - Famil& !lass.......................................................................................................................................... ""!atti (2006 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .,,8aca

Fami/# 8ember and Inadmi ibi/it#Fami/# 8ember and Inadmi ibi/it# ............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. .4,4,

Part 6I - Refugees - International !ontext....................................................................................................... 77

1 : ?) R BL) =): . BF :?) '? R................................................................................................................................. 4"2 I ':)RDI :IB' .............................................................................................................................................................. 4

Interdiction at &eaInterdiction at &ea ........................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................ .44Inter-*merican ommi ion on ?uman Rig!t = Re


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Wi//iam . anada (200, ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... . >Refugee /aimant 8u t !a e a Fear of EPer ecutionRef ugee /aimant 8u t !a e a Fear of EPer ecution .................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................... . >>We//-Founded Fear We//-Founded Fear ......................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... . 449round of Per ecution9round of Per ecution ................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................... . ""

!an . anada (133, ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... .* ........................................................................................................... .30

nab/e or nwi//ing to * ai/ ?im e/f of 'ationa/ &tateJ Protectionnab/e or nwi//i ng to * ai/ ?im e/f of 'ationa/ &tateJ Protection ........................................................................................... ............................................................................................ .3030

) K L &IB' L* &)& ........................................................................................................................................................ 318oreno . anada (1336 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... .32Pu !


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Intro&tor# of a !i< (&t. Loui = de


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>udicial Review (GR at Federa/ ourt rea on7 aut!orit# to re iew a// deci ion made under t!o e agencie or mini trieem


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o 1316-13207 on/# one Indian immigrant ucce fu//# immigrated to anadaGa


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?o/ding +e .Ratio - Lord Wat on !e/d t!at= a/t!oug! t!e *ct !ad to do wit!


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Landing mone# (200O wa reAuired from Indian fami/ie .

Broad effect of Policy: In #ear t!at fo//owed t!e continuous ,ourney rule =1 Indian immigrant came to anada.

Re- unshi /ingh !#!*$Guri diction G 1316 ( * Fact &ing! wa nati e of India and a riti ! ub ect. 7omagata "aru ( !i< - >,6


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?o/ding 'oRatio Charter cannot appl& retroactivel& or retrospectivel&

Redress towards one group is not discrimination towards ot$erDiscrimination t$at was contemporaril& constitutional is not unconstitutionall& discriminator& toda&8o/da er and 8acP!er on GG*7!arter cannot be u ed to c!a//enge a di crete act t!at too%


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'ote t!at t!e critici m cou/d /ead to en /a ing ma// minorit#= or


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be#ond our contro/ ( tate= et!nicit#= c/a = etc. om

:!i gi e t!em rig!t to exc/ude ot!erBf common /aw dut# of re cue

Dutie t!at indi idua/ owe to eac! ot!er In 8L t!ere are no


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aren u e Raw/ argument ei/ed ignorance re ea/ 2


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!at$erine Dauvergne, 3moralit& and t$e umanitarianism in Immigration LawLibera/i m i ban%ru


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uffered di crimination. ourt aid t!at io/ation wa o c/o e/# tied to !i intere t t!at= ba ed on Eeffect - ba ed ana/# i = t!e# found in ennerJ fa our.)g. Sierad1+i Lo of anadian citi;en !i< w!en !i


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8arriage a a Efa t trac% to PR tatu 'ote7 S. 1


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:!i re


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B) Permanent Resident Status

Charter s. 7% ). o4ilit& rig$ts.(1 ) er# citi;en of anada !a t!e rig!t to enter= remain in and /ea e anada.

Charter s. 7%1) Rig$ts to move and gain liveli$ood.(2 ) er# citi;en of anada and e er#


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*ttem

'ote (F-D ?i

?ere= court conc/uded t!at /aw wa not ufficient/# tai/ored man# ot!er wa# to !a e drafted t!e /egi /ationmore c/ear/#. Infringed in a broad wa# t!eir abi/it# to go about anada= contrar# to


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C) Foreign Nationals Status 0iether citi1en nor perm residents

. #emporar& ResidentsForeign nationa/ are


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Part I/ Constitutional "evie.&ome of different ground of re iew

Separation of Powerss.* %1") CA!" uri diction to fed o er naturali+ation and aliens but this is tem6ered 4& s.*" bot! Par/ and


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Constitutional >a :on t. *ct= 1 4"


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,. an a


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considerations cannot 4e considered to s$orttail rig$t to procedural fairness.eet;

a i on dn i// of Rig!t /ong tor# a to w!# !e did t!i . a ica//# wou/d guarantee rig!t to !earingw!en rig!t are in eo

Bne of term i t!at #ou are not gui/t# of offence for w!ic! cou/d be con icted of term of more t!an , #ear in


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>udicial Review can go to Aue tion of1 Procedura/ fairne = natura/ u tice2 &ub tanti e re iew7

(1 Butcome of t!e (admini trati e deci ion(2 Rea on gi en for t!e deci ion

a. inter


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o if deci ion ma%er offer rea onab/e inter


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*n indi idua/ gui/t# of act contrar# to


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Pashpanathan and it *ftermat!o In recent ca e of >a Society of 0e Bruns ic+ v- Ryan t!e & aid t!at t!ere are in fact t!ree tandard of re iew7

correctness, reasona4leness and patent unreasona4leness. It a/ o im


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'unsmuir :;;"$Guri diction & 200*na/# i Proce of udicia/ re iew in o/ e two te< ( T >3 7

1. court a certain w!et!er t!e uri


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remo a/ order. Deference owed to t$e I3D, it cannot 4e said t$at its decision fell outside t$e range ofreasona4le outcomes.

Per Rot! tein G. (concurring 7Finding of fact are to be re iewed on a !ig!/# deferential standard . ourt are on/# to interfere wit! adeci ion ba ed on erroneou finding of fact Emade in a

>1

>1


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'unsmuir anal&sis&:)P 17

- E*n ex!au ti e re iew i not reAuired in e er# ca e to determine t!e


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Immig- Act . IB aden refu ed t!i reAue t ba ed on note made b# IB Loren;. &er ed de


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amaicaFi e con traint to di cretion7

&tatutor# uri diction ob ecti e (!ere= fami/# reunificaitonPrinci


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Purudges limitedto c$ec9ing factors considered, not view t$e weig$t t$e&?re given ( Ba+er V If an# re/e ant factor i notcon idered or deci ion ba ed on irre/e ant factor= deci ion i unrea onab/e under an# tandard of re iewRe iew on merits vs re iew on legalit&7 re iewing w!ic! factor were ta%en into account i a /ega/it# i ue w!et!er !e !ou/d be de

Ba+er - at t!e /ower court= it wa /oo%ed at. :!e mini ter wa di criminator# (raci t and t!i actua//# did ta%e t!e c!i/dren intocon ideration. It i not u< to t!e court to inter>,


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In Ba+er = & con idered E!ow a court !ou/d determine t!e

Di cu ion of procedural fairness u ua//# re o/ e around7adeAuate noticeM adeAuate di c/o ureM ufficient o


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o Loo% to t!e rig!t of a


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Po t- Ba0er = fee/ing on & and F * t!at /ower udge t!oug!t t!e#Jd been gi en a carte b/anc!e to inter ene w!ere erc!i/dren are in o/ ed. ourt !ad been critici ed t!at it !ad become too in o/ ed


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Definition of torture in accordance wit! Convention art. 1 IRPA inc/u ion of torture a Aua/if#ing omeone a meriting


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o 22. &tate can dec/are recognition of ommitteeJ com


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'B:)7 anada !a igned an o


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internationa/ (1 (g of t!e IRP*. >(1 (g IRP* :o faci/itate t!e entr# of i itor = tudent and tem< wor%er for


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'elaCru7 !#"#$Guri diction 13 3 FRatio Framewor% t!at in o/ e > con ideration to bear in mind w!en examining tem< tatu

o 'ature of deci ion i discretionar& and administrative (not udicia/ or Aua i - bot!ugge t deference

o (urden of proof is on applicant to e tab/i ! t!at !i or !er intended entr# to anada inot contrar# to immigration /aw (/oo% to mone# to u

o 8u t a/ o e tab/i ! at


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If t!e c!ange of circum tance are con i tent wit! #our *


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For uc! gue t wor%er


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*re t!e# !$ildren of a second Sort Br i t!e argument of Ru! com


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Femini t im


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Diane Lind=uist, ;34uses cited in model !anadian Huest Aor9er Program> BP i on crown7 mu t e tab/i ! t!at t!ere are rea onab/e ground to be/ie e t!at a


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Remo a/ order again t F' i a/ o remo a/ order again t fami/# memberHo/untar# com


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"ight o, 'ppeal to I'*If ub ect to remo a/ order= under s.7/ !a e t!i a


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'ature of deci ion omew!at tria/ /i%e= omew!at udicia/Q.but on t!e ot!er !and not udicia/ a did not!a e or wa !e entit/ed to !a e coun e/.Pub/ic intere t at ta%e er u nationa/ ecurit#

Re*uirements of procedural fairness ought to (e less than in Ba+er or Suresh8o t ignificant !iau did !a e o


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(b t!e# !a e made a c/aim to refugee

(d in t!e ca e of a


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o IRPA s. 2 %1)%4) 7 8P&)P can i ue o


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)ntit/ed to re iew of detention e er# ix mont!F'

8u t be detained8u t a


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ut t found t!at t!e udgeJ inAui itoria/ ro/e w!ere


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o Pb wit! t!i # tem7 b/ac% and gre# !o/e di tinction= gre# !o/e gi e a


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&ection 13 Cof o/d Act


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o If t!e Charter aontext of t!e reform current de/a# of u< to 13 mont! for a !earing= increa ed number of c/aimant from o-ca//ed democraticcountrie = worrie about bogu c/aimant de/a#ing de


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9ood # tem now u t ma%ing better for a few


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BR 5 on tatutor# ba i 8ile5it7 o W!atJ a

426-fox decent immigrationandrefugeelaw winter2010

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