4 nematoda intestinal

7/30/2019 4 Nematoda Intestinal

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/4-nematoda-intestinal 1/88

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Srukt h` Fb`k Drdfk bj Swkmishci

ijc Dktshci



Fb`k drdfk bj a{mij swkmishckt



Sruk h` fb`k drdfkt bj bjsktsbjif dktshckt



Fb`k drdfkt bj a{mij bjsktsbjif dktshckt



Fb`k drdfkt bj a{mij fiwpif dktshcbitkt



Jkmishci

Cw* Mhabkcckj M Igc{f-@issia



Nkjkwif daiwidskwt

‧ Drfbjcwbdif wh{jc bj dwhtt tkdsbhj !wh{jc ~hwm"*

‧ Ghcr ~iff bt `hwmkc h` 4 firkwt‧ Ait ghcr dipbsr dhjsibjbjn `f{bc tkq hwnijt ijc bjsktsbjk*



‧ Tkuiwisk tkqkt ♅ :♇*

‧ Tbjnfk tks h` nkjbsifbi

bj ♇ ijc 7 tkst bj ♅*

‧ Cbnktsbpk trtskm

gknbjt ~bsa<

‧ Mh{sa ~bsa fbut

uiubffik hw g{ddifdiut{fkt `hffh~kc gr

‧ hkthuain{t sakj

‧ Bjsktsbjk ijc kjct gr

‧ Ij{t ~abda hukjtpkjswiffr ohbjbjn sak

nkjbsif swids sh `hwm

dfhidi bj ♇* ijc

tkuiwiskfr bj ♅



Kthuain{t srukt bj jkmishckt



Ic{fs bjsktsbjif jkmishckt ~bsa uwk ic{fs fiwpif

mbnwishwr uaitk? Itdiwbt f{mgwbdhbckttswhjnrfhbckt tskwdhwifbt Ahhl~hwmt

Ic{fs Bjsktsbjif jkmishckt ~bsah{s fiwpifmbnwishwr uaitk? Kjskwhgb{t pkwmbd{fiwbt

Swbdahtswhjnrf{t dhf{gwb`hwmbt Diubffiwbiuabfbuubjkjtbt ijc Swbda{wbt swbdab{wi*

Bjsktsbjif jkmishckt ~bsa uhts-ic{fs fiwpifsbtt{k bjpitbhj? Swbdabjkffi*

Fiwpif sbtt{k jkmishcbitkt ~bsa ckpkfhumkjsifiwwkts? pbtdkwif ijc d{sijkh{t fiwpi mbnwijt*

Ic{fs sbtt{k jkmishckt? Ic{fs sbtt{k

jkmishcbitbt? Cwid{jd{f{t mkcbjkjtbt ijc `bfiwbik*

A{mij Jkmishckt



Dfittb`bdisbhj h` jkmishckt iddhwcbjn shaigbsis ijc ckpkfhumkjs*

Ic{fs bjsktsbjif jkmishckt ~bsa uwk ic{fs fiwpif mbnwishwruaitk? Itdiwbt Ahhl~hwmt tswhjnrfhbckt*

Ic{fs Bjsktsbjif jkmishckt ~bsah{s fiwpif mbnwishwr uaitk?

Kjskwhgb{t Swbdahtswhjnrf{t Diubffiwbi ijc Swbda{wbt*

Bjsktsbjif jkmishckt ~bsa uhts-ic{fs fiwpif sbtt{k bjpitbhj?Swbdabjkffi*

Fiwpif sbtt{k jkmishckt ~bsa ckpkfhumkjsif iwwkts? pbtdkwif

ijc d{sijkh{t fiwpi mbnwijt*

Ic{fs sbtt{k jkmishckt? Ic{fs sbtt{k jkmishcbitkt?Cwid{jd{f{t ijc `bfiwbik*



Jkmishckt iddhwcbjn sh mhck h` bj`kdsbhj

9* Bjnktsbhj h` knnt? Itdiwbt Kjskwhgb{t Swbda{wbt*

7* Bjnktsbhj h` fiwpi?

Swbdahtswhjnrf{t !hj pknksigfk" Swbdabjkffi !bj uhwl"

Cwid{jd{f{t !bj drdfhut" Diubffiwbi !bj `bta"*4* Idsbpk ukjkswisbhj h` tlbj gr fiwpi?

Ijdrfhtshmi Jkdishw Tswhjnrfhbckt*

3* Kjswijdk h` tlbj gr fiwpi swijtmbsskc gr bjtkds?

@bfiwbif ~hwmt ? ^{dakwiwbi Hjdahdkwdi Fhi Idijsahdakbfhjkmi Mijthjkffi*



Jkmishck bj`kdsbhj gr bjnktsbhj



Jkmishck bj`kdsbhj pbi tlbj



Ic{fs bj

bjsktsbjk h`

mij

Bmmis{wk Knnt

kqbst ~bsa `kdkt

hjsh thbf

Bj`kdsbpk 7jc tsink

fiwpi ckpkfhut

~bsabj sak knnt

Mij bjnktstbj`kdsbpk 7jc tsink

fiwpi ~bsabj knn

Fiwpi aisdakt bj

bjsktsbjk & ukjkswiskt

m{dhti bjsh dbwd{fisbhj

Fiwpi mbnwiskt bj f{jn ijc

iwwbpkt sh uaiwrjq sh gk

t~iffh~kc ch~j bjsh bjsktsbjk

Itdiwbt



Ic{fs bj

bjsktsbjk h`

mij

Bmmis{wk Knntkqbs ~bsa `kdkt

hjsh thbf

fiwpi ckpkfhut

~bsabj sak knnt &

aisdakt bj thbf

Bj`kdsbpk 4wc

tsinkFiwpi ukjkswiskt tlbj

h` mij

Fiwpi nkst bjsh

dbwd{fisbhj




Ahhl~hwmt

9*Ijlrfhtshmi7*Jkdishw



Ic{fs bj

bjsktsbjk h`

mij

Knnt bjbjsktsbjif

m{dhti

Fiwpi aisdakt ~bsabj

sak bjsktsbjk & kqbst

~bsa `kdkt bjsh thbf

4wc

tsink fiwpiukjkswiskt tlbj h`

mij

Fiwpi nkst bjsh

dbwd{fisbhj




Tswhjnrfhbckt

B b f c b a f f f b a



Bjsktsbjif jkmishckt ~bsa fiwpif f{jn mbnwishwr uaitkTswhjnrfhbckt

@wkk fbpbjn & uiwitbsbd drdfkt Ijlrfhtshmi

Jkdishw Itdiwbt Ic{fs~hwm

@bjif ahts Mij

JhjkWktkwphbw Tmiff bjsktsbjkt Aigbsis

Waigcbsb`hwm fiwpi`bfiwb`hwm fiwpi

Bmmis{wk knn ~bsa 1 dkfftsink

Bmmis{wk knn ~bsamimmbfiskc takff

Kqbs tsink

jhjk BA

@bfiwb`hwm fiwpi bj thbf bj

bjsktsbjk hw hj g{sshdlt@bfiwb`hwm fiwpi bj thbf Knn ~bsa 7jc tsink fiwpi bj

thbf Bj`kdsbpk

tsink Fiwpi ukjkswisk tlbj bj thbf hw

bjsktsbjif m{dhti ukwbijif tlbj!Bjskwjif kqskwjif i{shbj`kdsbhj"

Fiwpi ukjkswisk tlbj bjthbf

Bjnktsbhj h` knn ~bsa 7jc fiwpi bj `hhc & cwbjlt

Mhck h` bj`kdsbhj

Fiwpi d{wwkjtUjk{mhjbsbtKjskwbsbt

dawhjbd cbiwwaki arukwbj`kdsbhj bjbmm{jk dhmuwhmbtkc

Nwh{jc bsda ujk{mhjbsbtKjskwbsbtMbdwhdrsbd ijkmbi c{k shgfhhc fhtt

Fh``fkw.t ujkhmhjbsbtKjskwbsbtBjsktsbjif hgtsw{dsbhjGbfbiwr tsitbt

Cbtkitk

Ckskds fiwpik bj tshhf

!Gikwmijj‒t" hw bj CI

Ckskds & dh{js knnt bj

tshhf

Ckskds & dh{js knnt bj

tshhfCbinjhtbt

Hwif IfgkjcizhfkSabigkjcizhfk Hwif Mkgkjcizhfk Hwif Mkgkjcizhfk Swkismkjs

9* Ch jhs ~ifl giwk `hhskc7* Chj‒s ufir ~bsa thbf& 4* Tijbsiwr cbtuhtif h` mij kqdwksi

Icky{iskfr ~ita pknksigfkt

Tijbsiwr cbtuhtif h` tk~ink@fr dhjswhf @hhc tijbsisbhj

Dhjswhf 9(>(7594 91



Ic{fs bj fiwnk

bjsktsbjk h` mij

Ic{fs `kmifkt nks h{s h` ij{t& fir mis{wk knnt ~bsa

bj`kdsbpk fiwpi bj ukwbijif iwki

mis{wk Knnt nh ~bsa

`kdkt hjsh

kjpbwhjmkjs

Mij bjnktstbj`kdsbpk fiwpi

~bsabj knn

Fiwpi aisdakt bj

bjsktsbjk

Hqr{wbt



Ic{fs bj fiwnk

bjsktsbjk h` mij

ijdahwbjn bj

m{dhti

Bmmis{wk knnt kqbs ~bsa `kdkthjsh thbf

Bj`kdsbpk fiwpi

ckpkfhut ~bsabj knn

bjthbf

Mij bjnktstbj`kdsbpk fiwpi

~bsabj knn

Fiwpi aisdakt bj

bjsktsbjk

Swbda{wbt



Ic{fs bj tmiff

bjsktsbjk h` mij

Bmmis{wk mis{wk knnt ijcbj`kdsbpk fiwpi kqbs ~bsa `kdkt

hjsh ~iskw

mis{wk Knnt kiskj gr

`bta & fiwpik aisda

bjtbck `bta bjsktsbjk

Mij & gbwctbjnktst bj`kdsbpk

fiwpi ~bsabj `bta

Fiwpi fbgkwiskc bj

bjsktsbjk h` mij

Diubffiwbi

B s sb f s c bsa s f f f b s a



Bjsktsbjif jkmishckt ~bsah{s fiwpif f{jn mbnwishwr uaitkSwbda{wbtDiubffiwbi Kjskwhgb{t !hqr{wbt" Ic{fs

@bjif ahts Mij

Jhjk@bta ijc gbwct Jhjk Wktkwphbw

Fiwnk bjsktsbjkt Tmiff bjsktsbjkAigbsis Bmmis{wk Giwwkf taiukc knnt

~bsa gbuhfiw uf{nt Bmmis{wk knn ~bsa

gbuhfiw uf{nt fiwpikic{fst

C-taiukc mis{wk knn Kqbs tsink

Jhjk BA

Mis{wk knn dhjsibjbjn 7jc tsink

fiwpi@bfiwb`hwm fiwpi bj `bta C-taiukc mis{wk knn

dhjsibjbjn bj`kdsbpk fiwpiBj`kdsbpktsink

Bjnktsbhj h` bj`kdsbpk knn ~bsa`hhct & cwbjlt

Bjnktsbhj h` `btadhjsibjbjn bj`kdsbpk fiwpiBjskwjif i{shbj`kdsbhj

Bjnktsbhj h` knndhjsibjbjn bj`kdsbpk fiwpibj `hhc*Gr i{shbj`kdsbhj

Mhck h` bj`kdsbhj

Dhfbsbt & crtkjskwrWkdsif uwhfiutk

Ijkmbi? mbdwhdrsbd ijcmidwhdrsbd

KjskwbsbtDawhjbd cbiwwaki^kbnas fhtt

IuukjcbdbsbtUkwbijif bsdabjn

BjthmjbiJhds{wjif kj{wktbt

Cbtkitk

Ckskds knnt bj tshhf*Ckskds knnt & fiwpi bj

tshhf

Ckskds knnt bj ukwbijif

t~igCbinjhtbt

Hwif mkgkjcizhfk Hwif Mkgkjcizhfk Hwif Mkgkjcizhfk Swkismkjs

Akifsa kc{disbhj*Tijbsiwr tk~ink cbtuhtif@bta bjtukdsbhjTijbsiwr cbtuhtif trtskmUkwthjif arnbkjkDhjswhf 9(>(7594 77



Ic{fs bj m{dhti

h` tmiff bjsktsbjk

h` ubnt wist ijc

mij

Ic{fs `kmifkt ckfbpkwt fiwpikbjsh dbwd{fisbhj

Fiwpi wkidakt m{tdfkt ijc

hsakw sbtt{kt g{s fiwpik

kjdrts hjfr bj tlkfksif m{tdfkt

9*Mij bjnktst bj`kdsbpkkjdrtskc fiwpi ~bsabj uhwl

7*Wist & ubnt nks bj`kdskc gr

kisbjn bj`kdskc sbtt{k h`

kida hsakw

Fiwpifbgkwiskc bj

bjsktsbjk

Swbdabjkffi

s~h ahtst

9 Mij bjnktstUbnt



Dbwd{fisbhj

;* Fiwpi kjdrtst bjtswbiskc m{tdfkt

4* kjskwbjsktsbjifm{dhti

♇ dhu{fiskt ♅

3*Fiwpi ckuhtbskc bj sak m{dhti

9* Mij bjnktstkjdrtskc fiwpibj {jckwdhhlkc

uhwl

Whckjst

Diwjbphwbtm

Ubnt

Fb`k drdfk h` Swbdabjkffi

9* Kjdrtskcfiwpi `whm ubnt

7* Fiwpik wkfkitkcbj bjsktsbjkmis{wk sh ic{fst

; Sh dbwd{fisbhj

Pb f f



9*♅Ic{fs bj chnBjsktsbjk uittktknnt bj `kdkt

4* Chnt 6 ; ~kklbjnkts sak knn

3*Fiwpi wkfkitkcbj sak bjsktsbjk

;* Sh dbwd{fisbhjf{jn ifpkhfbgwhjdab*

Sakj sawh{nat~iffh~kc tu{s{m

sh bjsktsbjkt

3*Fiwpikwkfkitkc bjsak bjsktsbjk

;* Fiwpik mbnwisk

bj piwbh{t hwnijt

Shqhdiwi FD

Pbtdkwif fiwpimbnwijt

7

4

9 Ic{fst bj tmiff



9* Ic{fst bj tmiffbjsktsbjk h` chnt

ijc dist7* HpbuhtbsBmmis{wk knnt

bj bjsktsbjk

4* Knntuittkc bj

`kdkt

3* Waigcbsb`hwmfiwpik aisda

;* @bfiwb`hwmfiwpik bj thbf

0* Ukjkswisk

tlbj h` chnthw dist>* Gr dbwd{fisbhjsh f{jn

Fiwpik Ukjkswisk

tlbj h` mij

Mbnwisk bjT*D* sbtt{kt

Dij jhsdhmufksk FD

1* Fiwpik mhfsbj ifpkhfb

2* Kjskw gwhjdabwkida swidaki

95* T~iffh~kcbjsh kthuain{tsh bjsktsbjk

99* Fiwpikmis{wk sh ic{fst

Fiwpif sbtt{k jkmishckt ?



Fiwpif sbtt{k jkmishckt ?Ijlrfhtshmi h` chnt ijc distShqhdiwi h` chnt ijc dist SwbdabjkffiIc{fs

~hwm

Uiwiskjbd gfbjc kjc BA @bjif ahts & BAMij

JhjkHfc dist chnt gbwct UbntWktkwphbw

Fiwnk bjsktsbjkt Tmiff bjsktsbjkAigbsis

Bmmis{wk Giwwkf taiukc knnt~bsa gbuhfiw uf{nt

Bmmis{wk knn ~bsagbuhfiw uf{nt fiwpik

ic{fst

C-taiukc mis{wk knn Kqbs tsink

Ifmhts jhjk Uiwiskjbd BA !gbwct" mir ufir whfk* ubntBA

@bfiwb`hwm fiwpi bj thbfMis{wk knn dhjsibjbjn 7jc

tsink fiwpiKjdrtskc fiwpi bj uhwlBj`kdsbpktsink

Bjnktsbhj h` bj`kdsbpk knn ~bsa`hhct & cwbjlt

Bjnktsbhj h` Itdiwbt fblkknn dhjsibjbjn 7jc tsinkfiwpi bj `hhct cwbjlt

Bjnktsbhj h` kjdrtskcfiwpi bj uhwl*

Mhck h` bj`kdsbhj

Wkc bsdar uiu{fkt bj sak `kksiwm ijc `idk `hw mhjsat

@kpkwAkuishtufkjh-mknifr*

Hd{fiw & DJTmijb`ktsisbhjt

Id{sk cbiwwaki@kpkw ukwbhwgbsif kckmi

Mrhdiwcbsbtmrhtbsbt

Cbtkitk

Gbhutr Tkwhfhnr

Khtbjhuabfbi

Gbhutr Tkwhfhnr

Khtbjhuabfbi

M{tdfk gbhutrTkwhfhnr khtbjhuabfbiGidamij Bjswickwmif skts

Cbinjhtbt

Hwif ifgkjcizhfkHwif sabigkjcizhf

Hwif ifgkjcizhfkHwif sabigkjcizhf

Hwif Mkgkjcizhfk Swkismkjs

Chj‒s ufir bj thbf Chj‒s ufir ~bsa chnt &dist Uhwl tijbsisbhjDhjswhf 9(>(7594 7>

1 F4 mbnwiskt sh 9 Mhty{bsh silkt gfhhc mkif



1* F4 mbnwiskt shmhty{bsh uwhghtdbt

9* Mhty{bsh silkt gfhhc mkifijc F4 kjskwt sawh{na gbs ~h{jc

7* Ic{fst bj frmuaisbdt

4*Uwhc{dk takisakcmbdwh`bfiwbi !M@" bjgfhhc & frmua

3* Mhty{bshsilkt gfhhcmkif &

bjnktst M@

;* mbdwh`bfiwbi

ukjkswisk sakmbcn{s &mbnwisk shsahwidbd

m{tdfkt

0* F9

^{dakwiwbi & Gw{nbi FD

9 @fr silkt



Ic{fst bj T*D* sbtt{kt

4* Sakr uwhc{dktakisakc mbdwh`bfiwbibj gfhhc {wbjk DT@ijc tu{s{m

3* @fr silkt gfhhcmkif & bjnktsmbdwh`bfiwbi !M@"

;* M@ukjkswiskmbcn{s shsahwidbd

m{tdfkt

1* F4 mbnwisk

sh sak `frmh{sa uiwst

9* @fr silktgfhhc mkif &F4 kjskw sakgbsk ~h{jc

A{mij tsinktDawrthut tsinkt

Fhi fhi FD

Fhi fhi FD

Hjdahdkwdi Fb`k drdfk



2* F4 mhpktsh gfidl `frmh{sa uiwst

0* M@ mbnwisksh sahwidbd

m{tdfkt

9* @fr silkt gfhhc ijc F4kjskw sawh{na gbsk ~h{jc

7* T{gd{sijkh{tsbtt{kt !TD"

4* Ic{fst bj TD

3* Ic{fsttakc M@ bj

tlbj

Hjdahdkwdi Fb`k drdfk

A{mij tsinktTbm{fb{mtsinkt

;* @fr silktmbdwh`bfiwbi !M@" bjgfhhc mkif

Ic{fs sbtt{k jkmishckt ?



Ic{fs sbtt{k jkmishckt ?Hjdahdkwdi Fhi fhi Gw{nbi ^{dakwiwbi Ic{fs

~hwm Wbpkw gfbjcjktt Difigiw t~kffbjn Frmuaisbd `bfiwbitbt

@bjif ahts @bjif ahts@bjif ahtsMij

Jhjkjhjk Dist mhjlkr jhjk Wktkwphbw

t{gd{sijkh{t T{gd{sijkh{tt{gdhjo{jdsbpif Frmua pkttkft ijc jhcktAigbsis

Jhj takisakc m` bj tlbj ~bsasibf `wkk h` j{dfkb

Takisakc mbdwh`bfiwbi bjgfhhc ~bsa sibf `{ff h`

j{dfkb

Takisakc m` bj gfhhc ~bsa7 j{dfkb bj sibf

Takisakc m` bj gfhhc ~bsaij{dfkisk sibf

Kqbs tsink

Tbm{fb{m !gfidl `fr" DawrthutMhty{bshkt? d{fkq

ijhuakfkt

BA

4wc tsink fiwpi bj figb{m h` Tbm{fb{m

4wc tsink fiwpi bj figb{m h` Dawrthut

4wc tsink fiwpi bj figb{m h` D{fkq Ijhuakfkt Ikckt

Bj`kdsbpktsink

4wc fiwpi kjskw Tbm{fb{m gbsk~h{jc c{wbjn gfhhc mkif

4wc fiwpi kjskw Dawrthutgbsk ~h{jc c{wbjn gfhhcmkif

4wc fiwpi kjskw mhty{bshgbsk ~h{jc c{wbjn gfhhcmkif

Mhck h` bj`kdsbhj

Ckwmisbsbt

Th~ciLkwisbsbtBwbchdrdfbsbt wksbjbsbt

Difigiw t~kffbjn *

dhjo{jdsbpbsbtkhtbjhuabfbi

S*U K* Frmuaijnbsbt`kpkw

Kubcrcmh-hwdabsbtArcwhdkfkKfkuaijsbitbt

Cbtkitk

Ckskds mbdwh`bfiwbi bj tlbjCkskds mbdwh`bfiwbi bjgfhhcCkskds mbdwh`bfiwbi bj gfhhcCbinjhtbt

Bpkwmkdsbj CKD ifgkjcizhfk CKD Bpkwmkdsbj Swkismkjs

Ikwbif bjtkdsbdbckt hpkw

~iskw`ifftDawrthut‒ dhjswhfMhty{bsh‒t dhjswhf Mitt swkismkjs

Dhjswhf 9(>(7594 49



Bjsktsbjif Jkmishckt?~bsa uwk-ic{fs fiwpif f{jn mbnwishwr uaitk?

Cw Mhabkccbj M Igc{f-@issia

9* Itdiwbt7* Ahhl~hwmt

4* Tswhjnrfhbckt tskwdhwifbt

9 I b f g b bc



B* Gbhfhnr9*Itdiwbt f{mgwbdhbckt



Itdiwbt mifk ijc `kmifk

♇ uhts kjc

~bsa tubd{fk

M f s c gb f



Mij wkfiskc gbhfhnr

9* Mij !ktukdbiffr dabfcwkj" ids it `bjif ahts*

7* Aigbsis? f{mkj h` tmiff bjsktsbjk*4* Cbinjhtsbd mhwuahfhnr? Bjsktsbjif jkmishck< 7;

dm fhjn dwkimr ~absk*

3* Kqbs tsink? `kwsbfbzkc ijc {j`kwsbfbzkc knnt bj tshhf

♅ Itdiwbt firt 755555 knnt ukw cir*

BB Kubckmbhfhnr



BB* Kubckmbhfhnr Nkhnwiuabdif cbtswbg{sbhj? mhbts ~iwm

dfbmiskt ijc skmukwisk zhjkt*

Swijtmbttbhj?*

9* Bjskwmkcbisk ahts? jhjk

7* Wktkwphbw ahtst? Jhjk A{mij bt sak hjfr

ahts*

4* Bj`kdsbpk tsink? knn dhjsibjbjn @bfiwb`hwm

fiwpik*

@kwsbfk knnt kmgwrhjisk husbmiffr bj mhbts

~iwm taickc thbf ijc ckpkfhu bj`kdsbpk`bfiwb`hwm fiwpi bj 7 — ; ~kklt*

3* Mhck h` bj`kdsbhj? Bjnktsbhj h` `hhct mibjfr

pknksigfkt ijc diwwhst dhjsimbjiskc gr knnt

~bsa !7jc tsink" fiwpik*



BBB* Ahts uiwitbsk wkfisbhjtabu

Bmm{jk wktuhjtkt9* Ic{fs bj sak f{mkj kfbdbst jh bmm{jk wktuhjtk*

7* Mbnwisbjn fiwpi tsbm{fiskt a{mhwif wktuhjtk

~bsa ij bjdwkitk h` BnK*

4* Mbnwisbjn fiwpik bj sak f{jn bjbsbisk bj`fimmishwr

dkff{fiw wktuhjtk !khtbjhuabfbd"

3* Sak bmm{jk wktuhjtkt iwk jhs uwhskdsbpk it

wkbj`kdsbhj hdd{wt*




Uisahnkjktbt

9* Fiwpik bj sak f{jn di{tk ujk{mhjbsbt !Fh``fkw.t

trjcwhmk"

7* Akipr ~hwm g{wckj !: 755 knnt( N `kdkt"

di{tkt bjsktsbjif hgtsw{dsbhj*

4* Uiwitbsk tkdwkskt swrutbj bjabgbshw uwkpkjst ahts

`whm cbnktsbjn uwhskbjt ↗ uwhskbj-difhwbk

mifj{swbsbhj*3* Mbnwisbjn ic{fs bjsh gbfk c{dst di{tkt hgtsw{dsbpk

oi{jcbdk ijc uijdwkisbsbt

Phfp{f{t



Bj`fimmishwr khtbjhuabfbd

nwij{fhmi iwh{jc fiwpi bj f{jn

Phfp{f{t

Itdiwbt

kqswidskc

`whm fbpkw

BBB Ahts uiwitbsk wkfisbhjtabu




Dfbjdif ubds{wk?

9* Mbnwishwr uaitk? Fh``fkw‒t trjcwhmk? `kpkw dh{na khtbjhuabfbi

f{jn bj`bfswisbhj< !c{wbjn uwkuiskjs ukwbhc"*

7* Bjsktsbjif tsink? Itrmushmisbd bj fbnas bj`kdsbhj*

Akipr bj`kdsbhj< ji{tki phmbsbjn cbiwwaki ijc

igchmbjif uibj*

Bjsktsbjif hgtsw{dsbhj c{k sh bjs{tt{tdkusbhj ijc

phfp{f{t mir hdd{w*

BBB Ahts uiwitbsk wkfisbhjtabu




Kwwisbd mhpkmkjs h` sak ic{fs? hdd{wt c{k sh bst

bwwbsisbhj gr `kpkw ijktsaktbi ijc cw{nt?

Ic{fs mbnwisk `whm jhwmif aigbsis sawh{na ijr hukjbjn

ijc dij kpkj ukw`hwisk sak bjsktsbjif ~iff sh?

9* Imu{ffi h` Piskw? !uijdwkisbsbt"*

7* DGC? !hgtsw{dsbpk oi{jcbdk"*4* Iuukjcbq? !iuukjcbdbsbt"*

3* Ukwbshjk{m? !ukwbshjbsbt c{k sh bjsktsbjif gidskwbi"

;* Fbpkw? nwij{fhmit iwh{jc knnt ijc ic{fs ♅*0* Gbfbiwr c{dst? gbfbiwr itdiwbitbt ~bsa wkd{wwkjs

dahfijnbsbt*

BP Cbinjhtbt hphbc



BP* Cbinjhtbt

Cbwkds mksahct?

Ckskdsbhj h` knnt bj `kdkt*

Knn dh{js gr Tshff skdajby{k bt

jkkckc sh ktsbmisk ~hwm g{wckj*

Ckskdsbhj h` fiwpik bj tu{s{m

Bjcbwkds mksahct?

Khtbjuabfbi*

Dakts q-wir !f{jn bj`bfswisbhj"*

Q-wir ~bsa Giwb{m mkif? `bffbjnck`kdst

hphbc*05 q 3; {m



P* Swkismkjs

Ifgkjcizhfk? 755 mn `hw 4 cirt* Mkgkjcizhfk? 955 mn gbc `hw 4 cirt*

Swkismkjs< sh gk `hffh~kc gr u{wnk sh iphbc

iffkwnbd mijb`ktsisbhj*

Ifskwjisbjn

tswkilbjn`bffbjn ck`kdst

bj giwb{m

mkif

PB Dhjswhf



PB* Dhjswhf

Ukwthjif arnbkjk

Aijc ~itabjn

Pknksigfk ~itabjn

Iphbc ufirbjn bj thbf*

Tijbsiwr cbtuhtif h` a{mij kqdwksi*

Iphbc {tk h` a{mij kqdwksi it `kwsbfbzkw `hw

pknksigfkt

Swkismkjs h` uisbkjst

[tk h` jbnas thbf it `kwsbfbzkw



[tk h` jbnas thbf it `kwsbfbzkw

7* Ahhl~hwmt? Ijdrfhtshmi ijc Jkdishw



7* Ahhl~hwmt? Ijdrfhtshmi ijc Jkdishw

GBHFHNR?

@bjif ahts? a{mij*

Aigbsis? Sak ic{fs iwk {t{iffr `h{jc bj oko{j{m*

Kqbs tsink? Ic{fs `kmifkt u{s knnt \75555(73a<

Ijdrfhtshmi 3555< Jkdishw] bj sak 3 dkff tsink*

^akj uittkc bj tshhf sakr ckpkfhu sh sak mhw{fi

tsink ijc aisdakt bj 9-7 cirt*

C* mhwuahfhnr? 2 — 97 mm q 5*3 mm sak akic

gkjct gidl chwtiffr ijc ait i g{ddif diut{fk ~bsa

skksa \Ijdrfhtshmi] hw ufiskt \Jkdishw]*

4* @bfiwb`hwm 3* Ukjkswiskt



9* Knn bj `kdkt7* Waigcbsb`hwm

fiwpi Aisdaktbj thbf

;* Ic{fst fbpk bjtmiff bjsktsbjk

fiwpi bj thbf tlbj

Fb`k drdfk h` Ahhl~hwmt



Sak 9ts tsink fiwpi ckpkfhut sh sak 7jc tsinkwaigcbsb`hwm fiwpik ~bsa cbtsif hkthuainkif g{fg

^bsabj ;-1 cirt bs ckpkfhu sh bj`kdsbpk 4wc tsink jhj-`kkcbjn `bfiwb`hwm fiwpik \155 »m ~bsa tbmufk m{td{fiw

kthuain{t ijc uwhskdsbpk takisa]*



Sak fiwpik ukjkswisk tlbj kjskw gfhhc & mbnwisk sh f{jnt*

Sakr kjskw ifpkhfb uitt {u swidaki sakj t~iffh~kc

sh gkdhmk mis{wk ~hwmt bj oko{j{m sais fir knnt

~bsabj ; ~kkl ukwbhc `whm kquht{wk*

BB Kubckmbhfhnr



BB* Kubckmbhfhnr Nkhnwiuabdif cbtswbg{sbhj? Kjckmbd bj swhubdt<

`iph{wkc gr

9* uwhmbtdh{t cik`kdisbhj*7* mhbts taicr ~iwm tijcr thbf ~bsa ckdirbjn pknksisbhj*

4* sak uwktkjdk h` c{jn ijc tshhf g{wrbjn gkksfkt*

Uwhfhjnkc cwr ijc dhfc dfbmiskt iwk {jtisbt`idshwr*

Swijtmbttbhj? Bjskwmkcbisk ahts? Jh* Wktkphbw ahtst? Jh A{mij iwk sak hjfr ahtst*

Bj`kdsbpk tsink? @bfiwb`hwm fiwpik bj thbf*

9* Saktk fiwpik t{wpbpk 4-3 ~kklt bj sak thbf hw mhbts{wk`bfmt hj sak nwh{jc*

7* Sakr mhpk sh~iwct ~iwmsa mhbts{wk hqrnkj ijc DH7 g{s i~ir `whm nwipbsr \fiwpif swhubtm]*

Mhck h` bj`kdsbhj? @bfiwb`hwm fiwpik bj thbf ukjkswisktlbj h` `kks*

Ahts-Uiwitbsk Wkfisbhjtabu



Ahts-Uiwitbsk Wkfisbhjtabu

9* Nwh{jc bsda?

d{sijkh{t ukjkswisbhj< itthdbiskc ~bsa tsbjnbjn

tkjtisbhj `hffh~kc gr fhdif hkckmi kwrsakmi ijc

uiu{fk `hwmisbhj*

Saktk iwk mhwk dhmmhj bj wkukiskc bj`kdsbhjt ijc

wk`fkds kjaijdkc ahts bmm{jk wkidsbhj !sruk B" sh

fiwpif `hwmt* Sakr iwk mhwk uwhjh{jdkc imhjn sak

kquiswbiskt*

7* Swijtbkjs dwkkubjn kw{usbhj di{tkc gr fiwpik h`

Jkdishw imkwbdij{t*

Ahts Uiwitbsk Wkfisbhjtabu



Ahts Uiwitbsk Wkfisbhjtabu

4* U{fmhjiwr fktbhjt< ujk{mhjbsbt ijckhtbjhuabfbi hdd{wt c{wbjn mittbpkmbnwisbhj h` fiwpik bj sak f{jn*

B` Ijdrfhtshmi c{hckjifk bj`kdsbhj aithdd{wwkc hwiffr ujk{mhjbsbt bt uwkdkckc gr

ji{tki tifbpisbhj bsdabjn h` sak uaiwrjq ijcahiwtjktt \^iliji cbtkitk]*

3* Bjsktsbjif bj`kdsbhj & ahhl~hwm cbtkitk<igchmbjif uibj cbiwwaki fktt dhmmhjfr

mifigthwusbhj;* bwhj ck`bdbkjdr ijikmbi ijc dawhjbd uwhskbj

difhwbk mifj{swbsbhj b` sak bj`kdsbhj ~it akipr!:955 ~hwmt"* Fktt saij 7; ~hwm fhic bt

bjtbnjb`bdijs*

Cbinjhtbt



Cbinjhtbt Ckskdsbhj h` knnt hw fiwpik bj `ikdkt* Knn

dh{js gr Tshff skdajby{k bt jkkckc shktsbmisk ~hwm g{wckj* Khtbjuabfbi {t{iffr

hdd{wt*

Knn daiwidskwt? sabj takffkc dhfh{wfktt

hphbc ~bsa gf{js kjct 05 q 35 »m ijc

dhjsibj ij hp{m bj 3 hw 1 dkff tsink*

Waigcbshbc fiwpi? 7;5 »m ~bsa

waigcbsb`hwm hkthuain{t ijc g{ddifdipbsr fhjnkw saij sak ~bcsa h` sak akic

sbu*

Swkismkjs



Swkismkjs9* Ifgkjcizhfk !Ifzkjsif sigfkst 955 755" 755 mn

`hw 4 cirt*7* Mkgkjcizhfk !Ijsbpkw sigfks 955mn" 955 mn

s~bdk cibfr `hw 4 cirt*

4* Urwijskf uimhisk !Dhmgijswbjsigfkst< 7;597;" i tbjnfk chtk h` 97*; mn(ln b*k* 4 sigfkst

Dhjswhf?

9*[tk `hhs~kiw*

7*Uwhukw cbtuhtif h` a{mij ~itsk

4 Tswhjnrfhbckt tskwdhwifbt



4* Tswhjnrfhbckt tskwdhwifbt

Gbhfhnr?

@bjif ahts? A{mij* Aigbsis?* Ic{fs fbpkt ijc firt knn bj m{dhti

h` tmiff bjsktsbjk *

Kqbs tsink? knn bj sak m{dhti aisdaktWaigcbsb`hwm fiwpi sais ktdiukt bjsh sak

f{mkj ijc bt uittkc bj `ikdkt*

Cbinjhtsbd mhwuahfhnr?

Uiwitbsbd `kmifk bt fiwnkw !7*7 mm q 3; »m"

saij sak `wkk-fbpbjn ~hwm !9 mm q 05 »m"

*Sak knnt ~akj fibc iwk ;; »m gr 45 »m*

Fb`k drdfk h` Tswhjnrfhbckt



Fb`k drdfk h` Tswhjnrfhbckt

7*Kubckmbhfhnr?



Nkhnwiuabdif cbtswbg{sbhj? kjckmbd bj swhubdt ijc

t{gswhubdt ~bsa uhhw tijbsisbhj* Bs ait 7 `kis{wkt?

Sak ~hwm ait uhskjsbif `hw i{shbj`kdsbhj ijc m{fsbufbdisbhj~bsabj sak ahts*

Bs ait s~h srukt h` drdfkt< `wkk fbpbjn ijc uiwitbsbd*

Bjskwmkcbisk ahts? Jh*

Wktkwphbw ahts? Jh

Sak bj`kdsbpk tsink? @bfiwb`hwm fiwpik*

Mhck h` bj`kdsbhj? @bfiwb`hwm fiwpik dij ukjkswisk

kbsakw gr? Sak bjsktsbjif m{dhti !bjskwjif i{shbj`kdsbhj"

Sak tlbj h` sak ukwbijif iwki !kqskwjif i{shbj`kdsbhj"hw

Dhjsids h` sak tlbj h` aijct ijc `kks ~bsa dhjsimbjiskc

thbft*

4* Ahts uiwitbsk wkfisbhjtabu?



Uisbkjst ~bsa i fh~ ~hwm g{wckj iwk itrmushmisbd

hsakw~btk<

Fiwpi d{wwkjt?

I* wita di{tkc gr dawhjbd d{sijkh{t fiwpif mbnwisbhj

fhdifbzkc iwh{jc sak ~ibts ijc g{sshdlt*

G* Bs bt i tkwubnbjh{t wkc fbjk sais uwhnwkttkt 9 sh 7dm(a `hw

{u sh 31 a* Fiwpik bj sak f{jn uwhc{dk ujk{mhjbsbt*

Ic{fst ~bsabj sak m{dhti di{tk kjskwbsbt fkicbjn sh

cbiwwaki*

Tkutbt c{k sh kjskwbd gidskwbi mir hdd{w c{k sh cimink

di{tkc gr i{shbj`kdsbhj*

Mittbpk t{ukw bj`kdsbhj hdd{wt bj sak bmm{jk

dhmuwhmbtkc !arukw-bj`kdsbhj"**

3*Fig cbinjhtbt? -



nCkskdsbhj h` fiwpik bj tshhf timufk gr cbwkds kqim*

Hw gr Gikwmijj dhjdkjswisbhj*

Khtbjhuabfbi bj gfhhc dh{js

Daiwidskwt h` sak waigcbsb`hwm fiwpi?

Pkwr tahws g{ddif dipbsr*

Sak kthuain{t ait s~h g{fgt ~bsa jiwwh~ btsam{tgks~kkj sakm*

;*Swkismkjs? -

Ifgkjcizhfk ;mn(ln(97a ukwhwif !UH" `hw4c hw

Sabigkjcizhfk 7;mn(ln(97a UH `hw 4c hw

Bpkwmdsbj !Mkdsbzij" 755 »n(ln(c `hw s~h cirt*0*Dhjswhf? -

@hhs ~kiw ijc

uwhukw cbtuhtif h` a{mij ~itsk*



Bjsktsbjif jkmishckt ~bsa uhts-

ic{fs fiwpif sbtt{k bjpitbhj

‧Swbdabjkffi tubwifbt

Swbdabjkffi tubwifbt



uI*Gbhfhnr?

@bjif ahts? Ubnt ~bfc ghiwt wist gkiwt ~ifw{tkt ijc

mijr hsakw diwjbphwkt bjdf{cbjn mij* Aigbsis? -

b* Ic{fs ♇ bj Tmiff bjsktsbjkt ~abfk `kmifkt bjaigbs wh~t h`

kubsakfbif dkfft h` sak m{dhti h` c{hckj{m ijc oko{j{m*

bb* Fiwpik fbpk bj Tswbiskc m{tdfk `bgkwt !dkfft"*

Kqbs tsink?

b* Mifkt bj sak `ikdif tswkimt*

bb* Fiwpik aipk jh kqbs it sakr kjdrts bj m{tdfk `bgkwt* Mhwuahfhnr? 7*; mm fhjn ♅ ~bsa siukwbjn uhts* kjc ijc

9*7 mm fhjn ♇ ~bsa 7 di{cif iuukjcinkt* ♅ u{st ;555

fiwpik kida 955 »m fhjn*

9* Mij bjnktstkjdrtskc fiwpi

Ubnt9* Kjdrtskc



Dbwd{fisbhj



♇ dhu{fiskt ♅


kjdrtskc fiwpibj {jckwdhhlkc

uhwl

Whckjst

Diwjbphwbtm


9* Kjdrtskcfiwpi `whm ubnt


Swbdabjkffi Fb`k Drdfk



Swbdabjkffi Fb`k Drdfk

9* Mij bjnktstkjdrtskc fiwpi

Ubnt9* Kjdrtskc



Dbwd{fisbhj



♇ dhu{fiskt ♅


kjdrtskc fiwpibj {jckwdhhlkc

uhwl

Whckjst

Diwjbphwbtm


drtskcfiwpi `whm ubnt




G* Kubckmbhfhnr?

Cbtswbg{sbhj? ^hwfc~bck< uwkpifkjs bj uhwl

kisbjn dh{jswbkt ![TI ijc K{whuk"* Swijtmbttbhj?

Bjskwmkcbisk ahts !BA"? Ubnt*

Hjk ahts mir tkwpk it ghsa `bjif ijc BA* A{mijtiwk ckic kjc BA*

Wktkwphbw ahts? Ubnt ~bfc ghiwt wist gkiwt~ifw{tkt ijc mijr hsakw diwjbphwkt*

Bj`kdsbpk tsink? Kjdrtskc fiwpik bj m{tdfkt* Mhck h` bj`kdsbhj? Bjnktsbhj h` uhwl bj`kdskc gr

kjdrtskc fiwpik*

D*Ahts-uiwitbsk wkfisbhjtabu?



9* Bjsktsbjif tsink !75-73 ah{wt"? kjkskwbsbt ↗ ji{tki&phmbsbjn igchmbjif uibj ijc cbiwwaki*

7* Mbnwishwr tsink?I* Bjpicbjn tlkfksif m{tdfkt !9-7 ~kklt"? `kpkw `idbifkckmi dhjo{jdsbpbsbt uibj t~kffbjn ijc ~kiljktt h` sak bjphfpkc m{tdfkt*

G* Bjpicbjn diwcbid m{tdfkt ijc DJT !4wc ~kkl"?Mrhdiwcbsbt ijc DJT bjphfpkmkjs iwk sak mhts`wky{kjs s~h di{tkt h` ckisa bj swbdabjhtbt*

4*Kjdiut{fisbhj !4~ — 3 ~"?

trmushmt t{gtbck hw ckdwkitk* Mrhdiwcbsbt ukwtbtstijc mir uwkdbubsisk dhjnktsbpk akiws `ibf{wk*

3* B` sak bj`kdsbpk chtk ≫955 fiwpik mhwgbcbsr hdd{wt* B` bsbt ≫455555 ckisa hdd{wt

C* Cbinjhtbt?

9 T



9* Trmushmt*

7* ckskdsbhj h` `wkk hw kjdiut{fiskc fiwpik*@whm sak >sa cir hj~iwc

i" Bj dhmuwkttkc !swbdabjhtdhur" hw

g" Tsibjkc gbhutr*

d" Hw cbnktskc timufkt `whm ckfshbc gbdkut

nitswhdjkmb{t hw Ukdshwifbt m{tdfkt*c" Hw gr qkjhcbinjhtbt bj wist*

4* Bmm{jk-cbinjhtbt gr

i* Gidamij bjswi-ckwmif tlbj skts !BCS"* Hw gr

g* Tkwhfhnr? `whm 7 ~kklt bj akipr bj`kdsbhj ijc4-3 ~ bj fbnaskw hjkt?

G@S !7~" B@IS !7-4~" ijc

Tijc~bda Kfbti*



K*Swkismkjs?

Uwkcjbthfhjk 35 mn(cir `hw ;c ~bsa

Mkgkjcizhfk ;5 mn(ln(97a UH `hw 95

cirt*

@*Dhjswhf?

Uwhukwfr dhhlbjn uhwl*

@kkcbjn ubnt hj dhhlkc niwgink*

Bjsktsbjif jkmishckt ~bsah{s



Bjsktsbjif jkmishckt ~bsah{sf{jn fiwpif mbnwishwr uaitk

Aigbsis bj fiwnk bjsktsbjk?

9* Kjskwhgb{t pkwmbd{fiwbt !Hqr{wbt"

7* Ssbda{wbt swbdab{wi Aigbsis bj tmiff bjsktsbjk

9* Swbdahtswhjnrf{t dhf{gwb`hwmbt

7* Diubffiwbi uabfbubjkjtbt*

Kjskwhgb{t pkwmbd{fiwbt !Hqr{wbt"



! r "

@bjif ahts? A{mij*

Aigbsis? Dkd{mijc dhfhj*

Kqbs tsink? mis{wk

knn*

Cbinjhtsbd

mhwuahfhnr? ♅

drfbjcwbdif 9 dm

~bsa uhbjskc kjct*♇ ½ dm ~bsa

d{wpkc uhtskwbhw

kjc*

B* GBHFHNR

BB Kubckmbhfhnr



BB* Kubckmbhfhnr

Cbtswbg{sbhj? ~hwfc~bck* Mhtsfr bj dabfcwkj* Swijtmbttbhj?

Bjskwmkcbisk ahts? Jh*

Wktkwphbw ahts? Jh*

Bj`kdsbpk tsink? Kmgwrhjiskc knn*

Mhck h` bj`kdsbhj?

Bjnktsbhj h` mis{wk knnt `wh kjpbwhjmkjs ~bsa

`hhct hw gr aijc sh mh{sa*

Wk-bj`kdsbhj !i{sh bj`kdsbhj"*

BBB Ahts-Uiwitbsk wkfisbhjtabu



BBB* Ahts Uiwitbsk wkfisbhjtabu

Ukwb-ijif uw{wbsbt ijc bjthmjbi

Ji{tki ijc fhtt h` iuuksbsk [wbjiwr swids bj`kdsbhj ktukdbiffr bj `kmifkt*

^hwm mir mbnwisk bjsh ♅ nkjbsif swids

bjc{dbjn gidskwbif bj`kdsbhj tifubjnbsbt*BP* Cbinjhtbt Knnt iwk ckskdskc bj ukwb-ijif tlbj gr Tdhsda

siuk skdajby{k* Ic{fs bj sak tshhf hw cbiukwt*

Knnt iwk ckskdskc bj tshhf iddbckjsiffr bj 4+

h` uisbkjst

P* Swkismkjs



Mkgkjcizhf 755 mn(97 ah{wt `hw hjk cir

wkukiskc i`skw hjk ~kkl* B` inkc 6 7 rkiwt ubukwizbjk< 5*4mf(ln(cir

`hw > cirt* Swkis sak ~ahfk `imbfr

PB* Dhjswhf Ukwthjif dfkijfbjktt*

Arnbkjk bt mhwk bmuhwsijs saij cw{nt it

ic{fst cbk i`skw 0 ~kklt*

Dhjsbj{kc trmushmt mkijt wk-bj`kdsbhj

Swbda{wbt Swbdab{wi



@bjif ahts? Mij

Aigbsis? Fiwnkbjsktsbjk ~bsa ijskjc kmgkcckc bjsak bjsktsbjif ~iff*

Kqbs tsink? hjk dkffbmmis{wk knn*

Mhwuahfhnr? ^abufblk ~bsa jiwwh~

ijs uiws bt aif` sakfkjnsa h` sabdluhtskwbhw uiws bj ♇ ijc ch{gfk sakfkjnsa bj ♅*

B* GBHFHNR

BB* Kubckmbhfhnr



BB* Kubckmbhfhnr

Cbtswbg{sbhj?

~hwfc~bck ktu* bj sakswhubdt*

Swijtmbttbhj? Bjskwmkcbisk ahts? Jhjk*

Wktkwphbw ahts? Jhjk*

Bj`kdsbpk tsink?kmgwrhjiskc knn ~bsa

7jc tsink fiwpi* Mhck h` bj`kdsbhj?

Bjnktsbhj h` thbf `hhc hw cwbjlt dhjsimbjiskc ~bsa

kmgwrhjiskc knn*

BBB Ahts Uiwitbsk Wkfisbhjtabu



BBB* Ahts Uiwitbsk Wkfisbhjtabu

9* Mbfc bj`kdsbhj bt itrmushmisbd

7* Bj akipr bj`kdsbhj?

Ukjkswisbhj h` m{dhti mir uwkcbtuhtk sh 7wrgidskwbif bj`kdsbhj iuukjcbdbsbt ijc ukwbshjbsbt*

Gfkkcbjn `whm `wbigfk m{dhti ↗ aruhdawhmbdbwhj ck`bdbkjdr ijkmbi ijc nwh~sa wksiwcisbhjbj dabfcwkj*

Mknifhgfitsbd !arukwdawhmbd" ijikmbi mirhdd{w

4* Tkpkwk bj`kdsbhj? crtkjskwr↗ `wky{kjsfr fkic sh wkdsif uwhfiutk

BP Cbinjhtbt



BP* Cbinjhtbt

Ckskdsbhj h` srubdif knnt bj

tshhf timufk*

Dh{jsbjn knnt ~bsa Tshff

skdajby{k

Daiwidskwt h` knn?

9* ;5 q 7; »m

7* Giwwkf taiukc ~bsa m{dhbc uf{n

is ghsa kjct4* gwh~jbta

3* {jtknmkjskc ~bsa hjk dkff

P* Swkismkjs



P* Swkismkjs

Mkgkjcizhfk

755 mn( 97a ukwh —hwif !UH" `hw 0 cirt

PB* Dhjswhf Ukwthjif arnbkjk

Uwhukw cbtuhtif h` a{mij `ikdkt



Diubffiwbi Uabfbuubjkjtbt

;* Thmk ♅ fir fiwpik 0*Saktkwkbjpick



9* Mij hw gbwctbjnkts fiwpik bj`bta & fiwpikckpkfhu sh ic{fstbj bjsktsbjifm{dhti

7*♅ fir Bmmis{wk knnt4* Mis{wk knn

3* Bj`kdsbpk fiwpickpkfhut bj `bta

wkbjpickm{dhti &ckpkfhu sh

ic{fst

Bjskwjif i{sh-bj`kdsbhj

DiubffiwbiUabfbuubjkjtbtFb`k Drdfk

D* uabfbuubjkjtbt



@bjif ahts? A{mijt

`bta* Aigbsis? m{dhti h`

sak tmiff bjsktsbjk

!sak oko{j{m"* Kqbs tsink? Knnt

fiwpik ijc ic{fstuittkc bj `kdkt*

Gitbd mhwuahfhnrijc fb`k drdfk? ic{fs7-3 mm fhjn*

B* GBHFHNR

BB* Kubckmbhfhnr



u nr

Cbtswbg{sbhj?

~hwfc~bck g{s mhwk bj sak Hwbkjsift <Uabfbuubjkt ijc Saibfijc*

Swijtmbttbhj

B* Wktkwphbw ahtst? @bta ijc Gbwct*

BB* Bjskwmkcbisk ahtst? `bta

BBB* Bj`kdsbpk tsink? bj`kdsbpk fiwpi bj sak m{dhti h`

`bta*

BP* Mhck h` bj`kdsbhj? bjnktsbhj h` {jckwdhhlkc `btabj`kdskc ~bsa sak fiwpik hw gr bjskwjif

i{shbj`kdsbhj*

BBB Ahts Uiwitbsk Wkfisbhjtabu



BBB* Ahts Uiwitbsk Wkfisbhjtabu

9* ^iskwr cbiwwaki ~bsa kqdkttbpk `f{bc fhtt*

7* Mifigthwusbhj ~bsa ~kbnas fhtt igchmbjif

cbtskjtbhj hkckmi ijc m{tdfk ~itsbjn*

4* Ckisa c{k sh akiws `ibf{wk ujk{mhjbi hw

arukwlifikmbi bj tkpkwk bj`kdsbhj*

BP* Cbinjhtbt



Dfbjbdif ubds{wk bj kjckmbd iwkit nbpkt i df{ksh cbinjhtbt*

Ckskdsbhj h` knnt bj sak tshhf?9* Sabdl takffkc ~bsa uhfiw uf{nt

7* 35q75» bj tbzk*

Ckskdsbhj h` fiwpik hw ic{fst bj tshhf*

P* Swkismkjs Mkgkjcizhfk? 355mn cibfr `hw 75 cirt

PB* Dhjswhf Akifsa kc{disbhj

uwhukw dhhlbjn h` `bta*

Swbdahtswhjnrf{t



@bjif ahts? - akwgbphwh{t ijbmift !takkunhist"* Hdditbhjiffr `h{jc bj mij*

Aigbsis?- tmiff bjsktsbjk< ~bsa ijskwbhw kjc

kmgkcckc bj sak m{dhti* Kqbs tsink? Knn ~bsa 90 -47 dkff mhw{fi tsink*

Mhwuahfhnr?

3mm fhjn ♇ 1mm fhjn ♅ tfkjckw aibw fblk~hwm ~bsa jiwwh~ ijskwbhw kqswkmbsr*

Mifk ic{fs bt ~bsa uhts* dhu{fishwr g{wti*

B* Gbhfhnr

B* Gbhfhnr? Fb`k drdfk



nr r

BB* Kubckmbhfhnr



Cbtswbg{sbhj?

Mbccfk Kits ijc @iw Kits* Swijtmbttbhj?

9* Bjskwmkcbisk ahts? Jh*

7* Wktkwphbw ahts?- Takku dimkft ijcnhist*

4* Bj`kdsbpk tsink?- @bfiwb`hwm fiwpik hjpknksigfkt*

3* Mhck h` bj`kdsbhj?- Bjnktsbhj h` pknksigfkt dhjsimbjiskc ~bsa `bfiwb`hwm

fiwpik*

BBB* Ahts-Uiwitbsk wkfisbhjtabu



BBB* Ahts Uiwitbsk wkfisbhjtabu

Tfbnas kjskwbsbt ijc cbiwwaki

BP* CbinjhtbtCkskdsbhj h` srubdif knnt bj tshhf timufk*

Daiwidskwt h` knn? 25 q 3; »m sabj

takffkc uhbjskc is hjk kjc gwh~jbta ijc

tknmkjskc kmgwrh ~bsa 90 -47 dkfft*

P*Swkismkjs? Mkgkjcizhfk 755 mn( 97a ukwhwif

!UH" `hw sawkk cirt*

PB*Dhjswhf?- Ukwthjif arnbkjk ~itabjn

4 nematoda intestinal

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