4 food, glorious food - adistanciaginer · pdf filewriting a recipe 82 unit 4 food, glorious...
TRANSCRIPT
COMMUNICATIVE OBJECTIVES
Speaking
Talking about specific things
Talking about things in general
Talking about quantity
Comparing people, things and places
Ordering food
Listening
Listening to people doing a questionnaire
Listening to people talking about food
Reading
Reading an article about unusual dishes
Reading an article about diet
Writing
Writing a recipe
82
4UNIT
FOOD, GLORIOUS FOOD
83
READING 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
COMPREHENSION CHECK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
GRAMMAR 1: Definite and indefinite articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
GRAMMAR PRACTICE 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
VOCABULARY BUILDING 1: Types of food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
LISTENING 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
GRAMMAR 2: Countable and uncountable nouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
GRAMMAR PRACTICE 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
STOP AND SEND 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
READING 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
VOCABULARY BUILDING 2: Adjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
GRAMMAR 3: Comparatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
GRAMMAR PRACTICE 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
LISTENING 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
GRAMMAR 4: Superlatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
GRAMMAR PRACTICE 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
STOP AND SEND 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
SPEAKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
WRITING: Writing a recipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
STOP AND SEND 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
MY LEARNER DIARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Choosing the correct meaning
in a bilingual dictionary
Predicting what word is going
to come next
Definite and indefinite articles
Countable and uncountable
nouns
Comparatives
Superlatives
Types of food
Adjectives
Reading a questionnaire
carefully before listening
Listening and reading the
tapescript
Learning set phrases people
use when buying things
A procedure for writing a
recipe
READING GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING
INDEX
CONTENTS
84
1. Find these words in the text and write a translation.
Paragraph 1: dishes ___________
Paragraph 2: course ___________; nest ___________; swift ___________;
cliff ___________
Paragraph 3: main ___________; spider ___________; octopus ___________;
swallow ___________; snake ___________
Paragraph 4: dessert ___________; rotten ___________; maggot ___________
Paragraph 5: berry ___________; digest ___________
Reading strategy: Use a bilingual dictionary to look up key words when you
are reading. Many words have more than one translation. Look carefully at the
context and choose the correct translation of the word.
4UNIT
SPIDERS, ANYONE?
People like travelling to new countries to see new places and try different foods. And, of
course every country has its own very special dishes. Dishes such as pizza in Italy, paella in
Spain or hamburgers in the United States are all well known and much loved. But there are
some less well-known dishes that most people never try.
An unusual first course in China is birds’ nest soup. The nests are made out of the saliva
of swifts and they are only found in remote caves and on high cliffs. Collecting the nests is
very difficult and dangerous, which makes them an expensive delicacy. A bowl of soup can
cost from $30 to $100.
For an unusual main course, you could try a Cambodian speciality: fried tarantulas. These
are cheaper than birds’ nests, costing only a few cents, and locals say they taste delicious
when they are fried whole with a little garlic and salt. Or if you don’t like spiders, you can try
some sannakji from Korea. This is a raw dish of live octopus. To help you swallow it, consider
a bottle of snake wine from Vietnam. This rice wine has a venomous snake inside. But don’t
worry: the alcohol makes the venom inactive so it is not dangerous!
For dessert, isn’t it sometimes nice to have some cheese? Perhaps not! One of the world’s
strangest cheeses can be found in Sardinia. Casu Marzu is a very unusual cheese. “Casu
Marzu” means “rotten cheese”, also called locally “maggot cheese”. As the name suggests,
this cheese is full of maggots. Definitely not for me!
Finally, to finish the meal, what about a nice cup of coffee? What better than kopi luwak from
Indonesia, the most expensive coffee in the world? However, like the rest of this strange meal,
this is not typical coffee. It is actually made from the excrement of a cat-like creature called the
“luwak”. The luwak eats only the ripest coffee berries but its stomach can’t digest the coffee
beans, so they come out whole. Before you get too excited however, you should know that the
coffee costs between US$120 and $300 per pound, so you can’t have too many cups!
READING 1
85
COMPREHENSION CHECK
1. Mark the sentences true or false according to the article.
1. Swifts make their nests near people. TRUE FALSE
2. Birds’ nest soup is expensive because it is difficult to prepare. TRUE FALSE
3. Fried tarantulas are not expensive. TRUE FALSE
4. Sannakji comes from Vietnam. TRUE FALSE
5. Snake wine has a poisonous snake in the bottle. TRUE FALSE
6. Casu Marzu is a type of wine. TRUE FALSE
7. Kopi luwak has passed through an animal’s stomach. TRUE FALSE
2. Rewrite the false sentences correctly.
a) _______________________________________________________________
b) _______________________________________________________________
c) _______________________________________________________________
d) _______________________________________________________________
3. Write words from the article in these categories.
1. Dishes and food:
_________________________________________________________________
2. Drinks:
_________________________________________________________________
3. Insects, animals and birds:
_________________________________________________________________
4. Countries:
_________________________________________________________________
86
1. Match the rules to the examples.
We use the indefinite articles a and an…
1. with singular nouns to indicate ‘one’.
_____
2. with jobs. _____
3. when we talk about a person or thing
for the first time. _____
a) I met a nice girl at the dance. The girl was a friend of my sister’s.
b) She works as a waitress.
c) Can I have a hamburger, please?
2. Read the rule and the examples and circle the correct article.
We use (1) a / an before nouns beginning with a consonant sound and (2) a / an before
nouns beginning with a vowel sound.
a cat an orange an umbrella a university an hour a hat
3. Read the rules about the use of the article the.
We use the definite article the…1. when the person or the thing is unique. the moon, the sun, the King of Spain2. when something has been mentioned before.
I met a nice girl at the dance. The girl was a friend of my sister’s.3. before superlatives and ordinal numbers. the best, the most difficult, the first4. with musical instruments. I play the piano. I used to play the guitar.5. with names of geographical areas. the Grand Canyon, the Sahara Desert
We do not use the definite article the…
1. when we talk about things in general. I love chocolate. Cats are very clean.
2. with meals of the day. What time do you have lunch?3. With the verb go to + school / work / university / hospital / church / prison.
Do you go to church on Sundays?
4UNIT
GRAMMAR 1: Definite and indefinite articles
87
1. Complete the sentences with a, an, the or no article.
1. My mother works as a nurse in _____ biggest hospital in town.
2. Waiter, there’s _____ fly in my soup!
3. I like _____ coffee but I don’t usually drink _____ tea.
4. Would you like _____ cup of coffee?
5. What time do you usually go to _____ bed?
6. _____ Earth moves around _____ Sun.
7. There’s _____ e-mail for you from your English teacher.
8. Have you ever eaten _____ fried tarantulas?
9. _____ oranges are sweeter than _____ lemons.
10. This is _____ best paella I’ve ever had.
2. Write a or an.
1. an apple 2. _____ horse 3. _____ unusual meal
4. _____ airport 5. _____ umbrella 6. _____ interesting book
7. _____ university 8. _____ hour 9. _____ hole
3. Complete the sentences with the or no article.
1. What time do you usually have _____ breakfast?
2. How do you go to _____ school?
3. I don’t normally like _____ action films but _____ film I saw yesterday was really exciting.
4. I’m not very fond of _____ cats. I prefer _____ dogs. My next door neighbour has got a dog
and a cat. _____ dog wakes me up every morning! It’s _____ best alarm clock you can get.
5. I prefer _____ cinema to _____ theatre. I normally watch _____ science fiction films and
_____ romantic comedies.
6. Chicago is located on _____ south shore of _____ Lake Michigan.
7. Paris is _____ capital of France.
8. We went to Tarifa last summer. ______ beaches were wonderful but very windy.
GRAMMAR PRACTICE 1
88
4UNIT
1. Find the words in the word soup and write them in the lists.
l a m b p e a r s p l u m s g o o s e d u c k
h e r r i n g l o b s t e r p o r k b e e f c r a b
r a b b i t c h i c k e n p r a w n s a p p l e s
p e a s c a b b a g e t u r k e y m u s s e l s
o r a n g e s c a r r o t s p o t a t o e s c o d
s o l e l e m o n s s h r i m p s g r a p e s
MEAT: l_________, p_________, b_________, r_________
POULTRY: g_________, d_________, c_________, t_________
FISH: h_________, c_________, s_________
SEAFOOD: l_________, c_________, p_________, m_________, s_________
VEGETABLES: p_________, cab_________, c_________, po_________
FRUIT: p_________, pl_________, a_________, o_________, l_________ g_________
2. Listen to check, then repeat.
3. Underline the odd word out in the lists.
1. mushroom, bacon, egg, pizza, tomato
2. butter, cheese, bread, milk, yogurt
3. lemon, apple, banana, cherry, grape, eggplant
4. steak, tomato, lettuce, cucumber, onion
5. chocolate, cake, doughnut, bread, biscuit
VOCABULARY BUILDING 1: Types of food
LEARNING TIP Picture dictionaries are a useful way to learn words grouped according to
meaning, for example: food, transport, the house etc. Choose the words that are useful for you
and write them in your notebook, together with a translation and a picture if you want.
89
LISTENING 1
1. Do the questionnaire and decide: have you got a healthy diet?
2. Listen and circle the answers Jake gives on the questionnaire. What is his final score?
3. Complete the phrases Jake and Sylvia use, then listen to check.
I’m afraid I hate and stuff like that what about really like How many How much
1. “I ____________ hamburgers and crisps ____________.”
2. “____________ snacks do you eat?”
3. “A lot, ____________.”
4. “And ____________ fruit?” “____________ do you eat?”
5. “____________ fruit.”
Listening strategy: When completing a questionnaire, read the questions and answers
carefully before you listen.
HEALTHY DIET QUESTIONNAIRE
1) How much junk food do you eat during the week?
a) none b) some c) a lot
2) How many bottles of soda do you drink at the weekend?
a) none b) some c) a lot
3) How many snacks do you eat between meals?
a) none b) some c) a lot
4) How many sweets do you eat a day?
a) none b) some c) a lot
5) How much fruit do you eat?
a) a lot b) some c) none
6) How many vegetables do you eat with your meals?
a) a lot b) some c) none
Score(a = 3 points; b = 2 points; c = 1 point)
6–9 points: You have a terrible diet! Eat some fruit and vegetables!10–15 points: Be careful! Remember, junk food isn’t very healthy!16–18 points: Wow! What a super diet!
90
4UNIT
1. Read the explanations and label the
nouns C (countable) or U (uncountable).
1. Countable nouns refer to things that
we can count. They have a singular
and a plural form.
2. Uncountable nouns are for things that
we cannot count. They do not have
a plural form and are used with a
singular verb.
1. fruit _____ 2. orange _____ 3. vegetable _____ 4. soda _____ 5. meat _____
6. crisps _____ 7. hamburger _____ 8. sweets _____ 9. fish _____ 10. chicken _____
11. money _____ 12. dollar _____ 13. bread _____ 14. time _____
Note that certain nouns are sometimes countable and sometimes uncountable.
I don’t like chocolate. (U) I gave her a box of chocolates. (C)Can I have another piece of chicken? (U) The man ate the whole chicken. (C)
2. Read the rules, then circle the correct option in the examples.
1. We use many and how many with countable nouns.
2. We use much and how much with uncountable nouns.
3. We use a lot of and lots of with countable and uncountable nouns.
4. We use a few with countable nouns and a little with uncountable nouns.
5. We normally use much and many in negative sentences and questions.
6. We use a lot of and lots of in all types of sentences.
1. How much / many milk do you drink a day?2. How much / many books do you read in a month?3. I drink a lot of / much water.4. There’s a little/ a few wine in the bottle. 5. I’ve got a little / a few English-speaking friends. 6. I don’t have much / many free time during the week.7. There are much / a lot of foreign restaurants in the town.
GRAMMAR 2: Countable and uncountable nouns
91
GRAMMAR PRACTICE 2
1. Complete the questions with How much or How many.
1. How many brothers and sisters have you got?
2. ____________ coffee do you drink a day?
3. ____________ chocolate do you eat in a week?
4. ____________ hours do you sleep?
5. ____________ countries have you visited?
6. ____________ time do you spend on the internet?
2. Complete the sentences with a lot of, much, many, a little or a few.
1. I don’t eat much chocolate. It’s bad for my skin.
2. There aren’t ______ people without an internet connection at home.
3. Are there ______ supermarkets run by Chinese people in your area?
4. There’s only ______ milk in the fridge. Shall I buy some?
5. I don’t know how ______ eggs I have to put in the omelette.
6. There were ______ cinemas in the town centre but now there are only ______ .
3. Rewrite the sentences with a different quantifier.
1. I don’t eat much fish. I eat a little fish.
2. John doesn’t have many friends.
______________________________________________________________
3. My tennis teacher doesn’t have a lot of patience.
______________________________________________________________
4. I haven’t got much money for this weekend.
______________________________________________________________
5. My mum cooks with a little salt.
______________________________________________________________
6. There weren’t many people at the party.
______________________________________________________________
92
4UNIT
1. There is one mistake in each of these sentences. Rewrite the sentences correctly.
1. I like the cucumbers but I don’t like cabbage.
2. This is best roast chicken I’ve eaten.
3. There was a car parked in front of the house. There were three people inside car.
4. The doctors say fish is good for you.
5. What time do you go to the bed?
6. The oranges have a lot of vitamin C.
2. Write full questions with how many and how much. Then answer the questions about
you.
1. cups of coffee / you / drink / a day?
2. fruit / you / eat / in a week?
3. exercise / you / take / in a week?
4. friends / you / talk to / every day?
5. books / you / have?
6. times / you / check / your e-mail every day?
7. TV / you / watch / a day?
8. hours / you / normally / sleep?
3. Read the description of Ben’s diet and write six sentences with the quantifiers below.
not many not much a few a little a lot of lots of
“I drink about four or five cups of coffee a day. It depends how stressed I am.
I only eat vegetables once or twice a week. They’re boring and I don’t like them much. Fruit?
Maybe an apple or a banana but I prefer cakes for dessert. Cheesecake is my favourite.
I love hamburgers, hot dogs and steaks. I like chicken, too. I eat meat about four or five times
a week. I hardly eat any fish. I don’t like it. Rice is OK and pasta is great! I drink coke or other
soft drinks everyday. Sometimes I drink some wine if I go out for dinner. I drink a pint or two of
beer at the pub with my friends.”
He drinks a lot of coffee.
STOP AND SEND 1
93
1. Read the text quickly and underline the words that do not belong. There are two words in
each paragraph. (There are no words in the last paragraph.)
2. Read the text again and write answers to the questions.
1. How many of the calories that we consume every day does our brain use?
_____________________________________________________________
2. Why is breakfast the most important meal of the day?
_____________________________________________________________
3. Why is it not a good idea to eat food with a lot of fat at breakfast?
_____________________________________________________________
4. Why are omega-3 fatty acids good for us?
_____________________________________________________________
5. What does iron do in our brain?
_____________________________________________________________
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT
They say we are what we eat. Some obvious differences between us are partly caused bydiet: some people are taller or shorter, thinner or fatter, more active or lazier. But did you knowhow intelligent we are also depends in part on having a healthy diet? This is not surprising whenyou think our brain yellow uses more than a quarter of all the calories we consume each day. Soto boost our brain power or have a better but memory we need to improve our diet.
Perhaps the most important meal of the day is breakfast. Breakfast provides bedroom thefuel that the brain needs to start the day properly. The best way to supply energy to the brain iswith a high carbohydrate breakfast; breads and cereals are ideal. A high fat breakfast leaves youfeeling tomato more fatigued and less imaginative.
Although carbohydrates help start our day, a lunch high in carbohydrates makes us sleepyuniversity. Fish is an excellent option for both lunch and hate dinner. Fish is a good source ofomega-3 fatty acids which help to transport nutrients to the brain cells.
It is also important to eat plenty of fruit and vegetables every day. Experts recommend betweenfive and happy nine servings. The antioxidants in fruit and vegetables help neutralize moleculesthat can damage brain cells. We should also eat plenty of foods that are dogs rich in iron, likenuts and red beans. Iron helps transport oxygen to brain cells. A lack of oxygen can cause cellfunctions to slow which leads to shorter attention spans, lower intelligence, poorer coordination,and an inability to concentrate.
So now you know... to be smart, eat smart!
Reading strategy: When we read we automatically predict what words we are going to read
next. This helps us to read faster.
READING 2
94
4UNIT
1. Underline the adjectives in these sentences.
1. The new chef is very talented.
2. The food was delicious but rather expensive.
3. The weather got colder and colder.
4. I enjoy eating in busy restaurants.
5. He was a quiet man but hardworking and honest.
6. They found comfortable seats in the corner of the popular bar.
2. Write the adjectives in the most appropriate column in the table. Some adjectives can go in
more than one column.
spicy interesting salty sweet clever sour cold delicious fat friendly angry
strong generous horrible lazy remote historic tasty fashionable educated boring
bland exciting rude
3. Complete these sentences with appropriate adjectives from the table.
1. He was very ___________ - he was always giving his money away.
2. We had problems getting to the village because it is in a very __________ location.
3. The food was too __________ - even though we drank lots of water our mouths still burned.
4. The restaurant is in a __________ old castle where Henry VIII once stayed.
5. I’m afraid I find him rather boring – he doesn’t have any __________ opinions.
6. The waitress was very __________ so we didn’t leave her a tip.
7. Gordon was so _________ that he threatened to call the police.
8. The milk had gone __________ so we had to throw it away.
People Places Food
VOCABULARY BUILDING 2: Adjectives
95
1. Read the rule and the examples, then
complete the table with the correct
form of the missing adjectives.
We use the comparative form of
adjectives to compare two people,
things or places.
John weighs 85 kilos. Bill weighs
72 kilos.
John is fatter than Bill. Bill is thinnerthan John.
Bananas cost 3 euros a kilo. Oranges are 2.5 euros a kilo.
Bananas are more expensive than oranges. Oranges are cheaper than bananas.
Adjective Comparative
Short adjectives (1 syllable): tall taller
cheap cheaper
nice (1) _______
Short adjectives (1 syllable ending in consonant-vowel-consonant):
fat fatter
hot hotter
thin (2) _______
Adjectives with two syllables ending in –y:
healthy healthier
easy easier
funny (3) _______
Adjectives with two or more syllables:
active more active
boring more boring
interesting (4) ________
A few adjectives have irregular forms:
good better
bad worse
far farther / further
GRAMMAR 3: Comparatives
96
4UNIT
GRAMMAR PRACTICE 3
1. Write the comparative form of the adjectives.
1. tall taller 2. short _____ 3. thin _____ 4. fat _____
5. small _____ 6. big _____ 7. salty _____ 8. interesting _____
9. sweet _____ 10. hot _____ 11. cold _____ 12. boring _____
13. tasty _____ 14. modern ______ 15. comfortable ______
2. Complete the sentences with the comparative forms of the adjectives.
comfortable difficult exciting heavy hot expensive tasty strong sweet tall
1. Crisps are tastier than cereal.
2. A desert is ______ than the North Pole.
3. Sugar is ______ than pure chocolate.
4. Elephants are ______ than lions.
5. Learning Chinese is ______ than learning French.
6. An action film is _______ than a romantic comedy.
7. A sofa is _______ than a chair.
8. A basketball player is ______ than a jockey.
9. A rugby player is usually ______ than a table tennis player.
10. Travelling by taxi is _______ than taking a bus.
3. Compare the items with the adjectives given.
1. vegetables / healthy / pizza
Vegetables are healthier than pizza.
2. fast food / fattening / traditional food
________________________________
3. strawberries / sweet / oranges
________________________________
4. lobsters / expensive / shrimps
________________________________
97
1. Listen to Claire and Mark talking about their eating experiences. Match the words they use
to the dishes.
1. Spanish omelette a) not very healthy
2. curry b) unusual
3. lobster c) not very exciting
4. chocolate fried in batter d) expensive
5. jacket potatoes e) spicy
6. salad f) nice
7. roast camel g) disgusting
2. Listen again and number what Claire and Mark say in the correct order.
Claire: That looks nice - what is it?
C: You’re joking! You mean the cheaper the better... a jacket potato with cheese on top is more
your style.
C: Yes, roasted. How did you know?
C: Yes, but they’re not very exciting. When I was on holiday in Morocco last year I had the most
unusual food.
C: Lobster? That’s really expensive....
C: I prefer spicy food... an Indian restaurant near my house has the spiciest curry in town!
C: Well, it’s not as disgusting as chocolate fried in batter. You had that last week.
Mark: What? Camel?
M: That’s not very healthy...
M: It’s a Spanish omelette. It’s the nicest omelette in the world!
M: True, but you know I like salads as well.
M: Not me! I like lobster.
M: A little bird told me.
M: Yes, only the most expensive dishes for me!
3. Read the tapescript on page 344 and listen again.
Listening strategy: After you complete the listening exercises, it is a good idea to
listen once more and read the tapescript at the same time.
LISTENING 2
98
4UNIT
1. Read the rule and circle the correct adjective in
the sentences.
We use the superlative form of the adjective to
compare three or more people or things. We use
the before superlative adjectives in a sentence.
Phil is 17 years old. Rick is 18 and Roger is 20.Roger is the oldest.
1. My brother is taller / tallest than me and my
sister. He’s the taller / tallest at home.
2. The underground is faster / the fastest means of
transport in cities.
3. Jupiter is bigger / the biggest than Saturn. It is
bigger / the biggest planet.
2. Read the rule and complete the superlative
forms of the adjectives in the table.
We make the superlative form of the adjective by adding –est to the end of the adjective.
We follow the same spelling rules as for the comparative form.
Comparative Superlative
Short adjectives (1 syllable): old older the oldest
nice nicer (1) _____
Short adjectives (1 syllable ending in consonant-vowel-consonant):
hot hotter the hottest
thin thinner (2) _____
Two-syllable adjectives ending in –y: healthy healthier the healthiest
tasty tastier (3) _____
Adjectives with two or more syllables: boring more boring the most boring
expensive more expensive (4) _____
Adjectives with an irregular form: good better the best
bad worse the worst
far farther the farthest
further the furthest
GRAMMAR 4: Superlatives
99
1. Complete the sentences with the superlative form of the adjectives.
1. My dad is the busiest person I know. (busy)
2. What is ___________________ wine in the shop? (expensive)
3. Mexico DF is one of _______________ cities in the world. (polluted)
4. Who is _________________ person you know? (generous)
5. I think my brother is ________________ person in the family. (lazy)
6. What is ______________ meal you’ve had? (good)
7. ______________ place in the world is Death Valley in California. (hot)
8. What is _____________ film that you’ve seen? (bad)
2. Complete the sentences with the comparative or superlative form of the adjectives.
1. Chips are more fattening (fattening) than pasta.
2. A Mediterranean diet is _____________ (healthy) diet that you can eat.
3. Deep-fried food is _________ (bad) for your health than food cooked in the oven.
4. Fresh food is _____________ (tasty) than frozen food.
5. Mangoes are ______________ (juicy) than apples.
6. Salads are _______________ (healthy) than fried food.
7. My sister is _______________ (thin) person in our family.
8. Restaurants with Michelin stars are usually ___________ (expensive) in town.
3. Write two sentences comparing the items.
1. burgers / pizza / vegetables (nourishing)
Vegetables are more nourishing than pizza or burgers. They are the most nourishing.
2. pizza / salads / chips (healthy)
____________________________________________________________
3. travelling by plane / travelling by car / travelling by bus (expensive)
____________________________________________________________
4. riding a horse / water-skiing / cycling (exciting)
________________________________________________________ ____
GRAMMAR PRACTICE 4
100
4UNIT
1. Write sentences comparing the items.
1. chatting to friends online / meeting up with them
Chatting to friends online is easier than meeting up with them. 2. taking exercise / watching sport on TV
3. downloading music / buying CD’s
4. drinking soda / drinking fruit juice
5. fish / fast food
6. going to the cinema/ watching a video at home
7. history / maths
8. texting your friends / phoning them
2. Complete the sentences with an adjective in the comparative or superlative.
beautiful boring difficult hot fast good
1. This restaurant is fine but the one we went last week was _______ .
2. What a boring film! It’s one of ______ films I’ve ever seen.
3. I think it’s ______ if we travel by underground.
4. _______ city I’ve visited is Venice.
5. I think physics is ______ than chemistry.
6. Seville is much ______ than Barcelona in summer.
3. Write about the things below using superlative adjectives.
1. important person in my life
The most important person in my life is my sister. 2. relaxing time of the day
3. attractive person I know
4. good book I’ve read
5. long exam I’ve taken
6. boring subject I’ve studied
7. interesting place I’ve visited
8. good TV series at the moment
STOP AND SEND 2
101
1. Listen and mark what the customer orders in the fish and chip shop.
2. Complete the dialogue.
bottle all portion much tub help pence want some pounds you Anything
Server: Hi, can I (1) _____ you?
Customer: Yes, can I have (2) ______ fish and chips, please?
S: (3) ______ else?
C: A (4) ______ of peas and a (5) _____ of gravy.
S: Do you (6) _____ a drink?
C: Yes, a (7) _____ of coke please.
S: Is that (8) _____?
C: Yes, thanks. How (9) _____ is that?
S: Three (10) _____ and thirty-five (11) _____, please.
C: Here (12) _____ are.
3. Listen to check, then listen again and repeat.
Speaking strategy: People often use set phrases when they buy things in shops and
restaurants. Learn these phrases. They will give you confidence and make communication
easier.
George and Angela’s FISH AND CHIP SHOP
Menu
Fresh fish £1.10 Pork pie £1.75
Sausage £1.30 Hamburger £2.00
Chicken £1.20 Cheeseburger £1.85
Portion of chips £0.50 Chicken burger £0.95
ExtrasPortion of peas 50p Tub of gravy 25p Salad £1.55
DrinksBottle of coke £1.00 Bottle of water £0.75
SPEAKING
102
4UNIT
1. Read the recipe and write the name of the dish.
_____________________________________________________
My favourite dessert
Ingredients Equipment
a cup of flour a whisk
a pinch of salt a mixing bowl
a couple of eggs a small frying pan
2 1/4 tablespoons of butter a tablespoon
a mixture of fresh fruit a jug
Instructions
Put the flour and salt into a mixing bowl. Then make a small
hole in the centre of the flour. Break the eggs into the hole.
Whisk the eggs and flour together. Next mix together the water
and milk in a separate bowl or jug. Add the liquid to the
flour, a little at a time, whisking to make a smooth batter.
Melt two tablespoons of the butter in a small frying pan and
stir it into the batter. Melt the rest of the butter in the pan to
cover the bottom of the pan. Put two tablespoons of the batter
into the pan. Cook the pancake for about one minute, and
then flip it over. Cook the other side. Do the same with the re-
maining batter. Finally, fill the pancakes with plenty of fresh
fruit.
Writing strategy: When writing a recipe, first make a list of all the ingredients and equipment.
Then imagine you are preparing the dish. Write down the steps in the correct order.
WRITING: Writing a recipe
103
2. Complete the phrases with the cooking verbs. Use your dictionary to help.
Fry stir Slice Boil Roast Add toast Wash Peel mash Cut
1. ______ the meat in the oven.
2. ______ the eggs in a little oil.
3. ______ the potatoes into small pieces.
4. ______ the carrots until they are soft.
5. Put some butter in the carrots and potatoes and ______ them together.
6. ______ some flour and ______ the mixture so that it does not form lumps.
7. ______ the apples with a sharp knife.
8. ______ the lettuce thoroughly in clean water.
9. ______ the bread and ______ it.
NOTE
When we write recipes we often use connecting words that indicate sequence: first,then, next, after that, finally.
3. Complete the recipe with the missing connecting words.
Fresh Fruit Salad
Ingredients1/4 cup sugar
1 cup of cold water
grapes, oranges, pears
Instructions(1) ____ add the sugar to the water. (2) ____ boil the water and sugar to make a syrup. (3)
____, wash the fruit. (4) ____ that, peel and slice the fruit. When the syrup is cold, pour it
over the fruit. (5) ____, serve with fresh cream or ice cream.
104
4UNIT
Write a recipe for a dish you enjoy.
GUIDE TO WRITING: WRITING A RECIPE
Follow these steps when you write a recipe:
Write the final draft.
Step 5:
Check your recipe.
Step 4:
Write the recipe.
Use your dictionary to look up words you do not know.
Use connecting words to join the different steps.
Step 3:
Imagine you are preparing the dish.
Make a list of the steps in the process.
Number the steps in order.
Step 2:
Make a list of the ingredients and equipment you need.
Step 1:
STOP AND SEND 3
105
1. Make a list of useful vocabulary you have learnt in this unit.
_________________ ___________________ _____________________
_________________ ___________________ _____________________
_________________ ___________________ _____________________
_________________ ___________________ _____________________
_________________ ___________________ _____________________
_________________ ___________________ _____________________
_________________ ___________________ _____________________
2. Translate these useful phrases into your language. Then add two more.
1. That looks nice. __________________________________
2. You’re joking! __________________________________
3. Can I help you? __________________________________
4. Can I have some fish and chips, please? __________________________________
5. Anything else? __________________________________
6. Is that all? __________________________________
7. How much is that? __________________________________
8. _______________________________________________________________________
9. _______________________________________________________________________
3. Circle how well you can do the following:
Very well 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0 Not at all
I can talk about specific things. 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0
I can talk about things in general. 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0
I can talk about quantity. 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0
I can compare people, things and places. 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0
I can order food. 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0
I can write a recipe. 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 0
MY LEARNER DIARY
LEARNER TIP If you score yourself low, look again at that part of the unit. Try doing
the activities again. Remember: the more you practise the better you will get!