3jr system concept

8/3/2019 3jr System Concept

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Following questions are

importantShort bits Feed back and

control

System and subsystem

System

performance Open vs. closed

system

Long questions

What is asystem? List outthe componentsof system?

Differentiate

between openand closedsystem and whybusiness is called

as open system?


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SYSTEM OVERVIEWAND

BUSINESS AS A SYSTEM

BAKSHI


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In the following lecture

you will be familiar with What is a system?

What is a natural and man made

system? Why business is called as a

system?

What are the components of abusiness system?

What are the types of system?


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EXAMPLE OF SYSTEMNATURAL VS MAN MADE


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HUMAN BODYHUMAN BODYAS A SYSTEMAS A SYSTEM

VARIOUS SUB SYSTEMVARIOUS SUB SYSTEM


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SOLAR SYSTEM


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COMPUTER SYSTEM


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WHAT IS A SYSTEM ?

SYSTEMS ARE CREATED TO SOLVEPROBLEMS.

One can think ofthe SYSTEMS

APPROACHas an ORGANIZED WAYOF DEALING WITH A PROBLEM

The word System comes (from Latin

word systma,

in turn from Greekword sustma)

WHICH MEANS AN ORGANIZEDRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FUNCTIONAL

UNITS / COMPONENTS


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DEFINATION

THE SYSTEM IS INTEGRATED SET OFCOMPONENTS /ENTITIES THATINTERACT TO ACHIEVE A

PARTICULAR FUNCTION /GOALA SYSTEM CONSISTS OF GROUP OF

INTERRELATED ,INTERACTING

ELEMENTS WORKING TOWARDS ACOMMON GOAL BY ACCEPTINGINPUT,PRODUCING OUTPUT IN ANORGANIZED TRANSFORMATIONPROCESS.


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OTHER DEFINATION

A set of detailed methods ,procedures , and routines

established or formulated to carryout a specific activity,perform a duty, or solve a problem.


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OTHER DEFINATION An organized purposeful

structure regarded as a whole andconsisting of interrelated andinterdependent elements ( components,entities ,factors, members, parts etc.).

These elements continually influence oneanother (directly or indirectly)

to maintain their activity and theexistence of the system,in order to achieve the goal of the system


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In order to call it asystem it should have

these Core components

INPUT

MAN,MECHINE,MATERIAL,

LAND,FACILITIES,ENERGY,ECONOMIC RESOURCES,ETC

PROCESS

MANUFACTURING,

ENGINEERING,PRODUCTION ,

DEVELOPMENT, DELIVERY,CUSTOMER SERVICE ,ETC

OUTPUT

PRODUCT,SERVICE,PAYMENT,INFORMATION ETC


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The organizational

system

Feed back Feed back

input outputprocess

management

control control


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A SYSTEM FOR APRODUCTION UNIT

ANDHEALTHCARE


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Feedback

SignalsFeedback

Signals

System Boundary

competitors community

Labor union Financial institution

stock

holders

customers

Govt

suppl

iers

INPUT

MAN,MECHINE,MATERIAL,LAND,FACILITIES,ENERG,ECO

NOMIC RESOURCES,ETC

PROCESS

MANUFACTURING,ENGINEERING,

PRODUCTION,DEVELOPMENT,DELIVERY,CUSTOMER

SERVICE,ETC

OUTPUT

PRODUCT,SERVICE,PAYMENT,INFORMATION ETC

CONTROL

MANAGEMENT

OTHERSYSTEMS OTHER

SYSTEMS

OTHERSYSTEMS

OTHERSYSTEMS

OTHERSYSTEMS

OTHERSYSTEMS

INFORMATION SYSTEM

CONTROLSIGNALS

CONTROLSIGNALS


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Feedback

SignalsFeedback

Signals

System Boundary

competitors community

Labor union Financial institution

stockholders

customers

Govt

suppl

iers

STRUCTURE

INFRASTRUCTURE,TECHNOLOGY,PEOPLE,

PATIENTS,FACILITIES,MONEY,ECONOMIC RESOURCES,ETS

PROCESS

DIAGNOSTICS,THERAPEUTICS,SUPPORTIVE,ADMINI

STRATIVE ETC

OUTCOME

CURED PATIENT,LAMA,DEADBODY, REFERENCE

CONTROL

MANAGEMENT

OTHERSYSTEMS OTHER

SYSTEMS

OTHERSYSTEMS

OTHERSYSTEMS

OTHERSYSTEMS

OTHERSYSTEMS

INFORMATION SYSTEM

CONTROLSIGNALS

CONTROLSIGNALS


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COMPONENTS OF A SYSTEMThe Components Of A System Are

1. INPUT

2. PROCESS

3. OUTPUT

4. BOUNDARY

5. ENVIRONMENT

6. STRUCTURE

7. INTERFACE

8. SUBSYSTEM

9. FEEDBACK AND CONTROL


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BUSINESS AS A SYSTEMBusiness is considered as ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEM

THE ECONOMIC RESOURCES (INPUT) ARETRANSFORMED BY VARIOUS OPERATIONS(PROCESSES) INTO GOODS/ SERVICES (OUTPUT)

INFORMATION SYSTEM PROVIDES (FEEDBACK) ONTHE SYSTEM TO THE MANAGEMENT FOR THEDIRECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE SYSTEM(CONTROL) AS IT EXCHANGES INPUT & OUTPUTWITH ITS (ENVIRONMENT.)

A system has VARIOUS SUB SYSTEM, BOUNDARY,which separates it self from EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

, AND DEFINES ITS OPERATIONAL TERRITORY.


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Input It Involves CAPTURING AND ASSEMBLINGELEMENTS THAT ENTER THE SYSTEM To BeProcessed.

THE QUALITY OF INPUT ELEMENTS DECIDESTHE PROCESS EFFICIENCY AND OUTPUT

E.G.RAW MATERIALS , ENERGY , DATA,HUMANEFFORTS ETC

Process It is a TRANSFORMATION ACTIVITY that

converts input- output, the process can bemanual, semi automatic, fully automated,Computerized..

E.G. MANUFACTURING , ENGINEERING ETC

Output The elements which had been produced aftertransformation process (end product)

Output is a DEPENDENT VARIABLE and is basedon quality of input and process,WHICH IS AMAIN SOURCE OF FEED BACK.

e.g. PRODUCT,SERVICE,PAYMENT,INFORMATION


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Boundary It DEFINES THE EXTENT AND SCOPE OFTHE SYSTEM ACTIVITY

A BOUNDARY SEPARATES A SYSTEM

FROM ITS EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTA boundary can be physical/logical

e.g. EGG SHELL, SKIN, INFORMATIONSYSTEM OPERATIONS

Environment SURROUNDING OF A SYSTEM IN which

a system operates is called environment

It consists of interacting entities like(customers, govt, suppliers )

Environment PROVIDES INPUT TO THE

SYSTEMEnvironment STRONGLY INFLUENCETHE SYSTEM and determines boundariessome times

Environment can be internal /external.

(cont)


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Subsystem A system internally have small system(SYSTEM WITH IN SYSTEM)

A subsystem provides SPECIALIZED

TASK relative to OVERALL OBJECTIVE OFSYSTEM

A sub system has INDIVIDUALOBJECTIVE in time with the systemsoverall objective e.g. INVENTORYBELONGS TO BOTH PRODUCTION ANDFINANCE ,BILLING IS A PART OF ALMOSTALL THE SUB SYSTEMS OF HOSPITAL

If a subsystem fails the entire system

has to suffer

The OUTPUT OF ONE SUBSYSTEMBECOME INPUT TO ANOTHER SUB SYSTEM(e.g. cash collected becomes input tofinancial subsystem which in turnbecomes input to payments etc)


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Interface INTERFACE IS COMMONCONNECTION AT THE SYSTEM ANDSUBSYSTEM

An interface serves as a MEDIUM TOCONVEY THE OUTPUT FROM ONESYSTEM TO ANOTHER SYSTEM

Information flow and exchange is

through interfaceFeedbackand control

Feedback is an INDICATORCONTAINING INFORMATION ABOUTTHE CURRENT PERFORMANCE OF THE

SYSTEMCONTROL INVOLVES MONITORINGAND EVALUATING FEED BACK todetermine whether a system ismaking towards the achievement ofits goals (cont)


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Feedbackandcontrol

WITH FEEDBACK AND CONTROL NECESSARYadjustment to the system can be done to ensureGOOD WORKING OF THE SYSTEM

A system which has FEEDBACK AND CONTROLCOMPONENT is also called as CYBERNETICSSYSTEM (SELF MONITORING AND SELFREGULATING SYSTEM)

Feedback has data about performance of thesystem e.g. A SALES MANAGER EXCESSESCONTROL WHEN HE FINDS NEGATIVE FEEDBACKABOUT SALES PERFORMANCE.

With effective feedback and control a system cancontinuously improved ,FEED BACK CAN BEPOSITIVE OR NEGATIVE

Positive feedback tells that system is moving inthe right direction (activities can be repeated/improved)

Negative feedback tells a failure/fault so

necessary adjustments can be done to improvethe overall s stem. cont


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Feed back Feed back

input outputprocess

management

control controlcontrol


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TYPES OF SYSTEM

Natural system (human body, eco system,solar system) vs. man made system

(computer)

Open system vs. closed system

Deterministic system vs. probabilisticsystem


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CLOSED SYSTEMA CLOSED SYSTEM IS THEORETICAL CONSTRUCTS

THE COMPONENTS WITHIN THE CLOSED SYSTEM AREASSUMED TO EXIST IN A SELF-SUFFICIENT STATE

A CLOSED SYSTEM IS SELF CONTAINED AND HAS HIGH ANDRIGID BOUNDARIES

IN CLOSED SYSTEM THERE IS NO EXCHANGE OF MATERIALS

AND PARTS WITH THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

ALL OTHER INFLUENCES OR VARIABLES FROM OUTSIDE THESYSTEM ARE CONSIDERED TO BE NONEXISTENT ORINSIGNIFICANT

THERE IS NO PERFECT CLOSED SYSTEM EXISTING

No exchange with the environment


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OPEN SYSTEMARE THE REAL-WORLD SYSTEMS

THAT HAVE PERMEABLE BOUNDARIES THROUGH WHICHTHEY

CONTINUALLY EXCHANGE ENERGY, MATERIAL, AND INFORMATION WITHTHEIR EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT THE LARGER SYSTEM IN WHICH THEY EXIST

IT IS OPEN TO THE ENVIRONMENT (INTERACTS WITH OTHER SYSTEM INITS ENVIRONMENT)E.G. BUSINESS IS A OPEN SYSTEM

IN OPEN SYSTEM THERE IS FREE EXCHANGE OF MATERIALS, INFORMATION ,DATA WITH THE ENVIRONMENT

IT IS AN EXPOSED SYSTEM WHICHHAS FREE INTERACTION WITHENVIRONMENT SYSTEMS

ENVIRONMENT HAS GREAT IMPACT ON OPEN SYSTEM , AN IT HAS TOADJUST ACCORDING TO ENVIRONMENT .

input process output

Feed back


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BUSINESS AS A OPEN SYSTEM

IT ACCEPTS MATERIALS FROM THEENVIRONMENT (SUPPLIERS)

IT ACCEPTS MAN POWER FROM THEENVIRONMENT

IT UTILIZES OTHER ECONOMIC RESOURCES FROMTHE ENVIRONMENT

IT HAS TO ADJUST (FOLLOW RULES ANDREGULATIONS OF GOVT ) SUPPLIERS,LABOR

UNION ETCTHE OUT PUT (GOODS, SERVICES, FINISHED ,SEMI FINISHED PRODUCTS,PAYMENTS) ARE GIVENBACK TO THE ENVIRONMENT.

IT TAKES FEED BACK AND IMPLEMENT CONTROL


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INFORMATION

SYSTEMS

Bakshi


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What are we going to

learn. What is IS What does IS consists of

Classification of IS What is TPS

Types of TPS

What is MIS Structure and parts of MIS


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Myth about IS success

1.Can IS bring changes ? NO IS ALONE JUST CANNOT

BRING CHANGE BY ITSELF

The involvement from eachand every department(FUNCTIONAL AREA) and

activity(HIREARCHY) isimportant


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2.Do I have to spend more on IT

&IS ?

The cost of informationsystem depends ON VARIOUSfactors but ADOPT IT INYOUR WORK CULTURE

it pays in longer run THERE ARE BOTH FINANCIAL

AND NONFINANCIAL

BENEFITS ASSOCIATED


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3.Is my Hospital going to acceptIS ?

Yes, the initial transit period

is difficult but later on theresults can be seen


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4. I have invested on IS and itis not giving me results ?

It may happen if yourinformation system is notFULLY INTEGRATED

THE ACTIVITS ANDFUNCTIONAL UNITS DOESNOT RESPOND.


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5. Where can I see the benefits ofIS implementation ?

The benefits can be seen on

VARIOUS aspects SUCH ASBETTERCUSTOMER SERVICE,IMPROVED WORK EFFICENCY,

COST REDUCTION, WORKPROCESS IMPROVEMENT,ERROR REDUCTION, TIMELY

INFORMATION SUPPLY ..


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marketing

finance

Humanresource Information

systemmanufact

uring

INFORMATION SYSTEM IS NOT ANINDEPENDENT SYSTEM

YOU CANNOT EXPECT THE RESULTSIF IT IS NOT AN FULLY INTEGRATED

SYSTEM


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Information system

An information system is an ORGANIZEDCOMBINATION OF

PEOPLE

H

ARDWARESOFTWARE

COMMUNICATION NETWORKS

DATA RESOURCES

THAT COLLECT, TRANSFORM, ANDDISSEMINATE INFORMATION IN AN

ORGANIZATION


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A information system includes

HARDWARE

SOFTWARE INFORMATION ,DATA &APPLICATIONS

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS


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Diagrammatic representation

networks

hardware

software

data

people

Information system consists of

+COLLECT

TRANSFORMDISSEMINATE

INFORMATION

+THIS INFORMATION IS

AVAILABLEFOR

ORGANIZATIONAL

NEEDS


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Information

system

Operationalsupportsystem

Managementsupportsystem

Support

businessoperations

Support

managerialdecisionmaking

Processcontrolsystem

Enterprisecollaboration system

Transactionprocessing

system

Managementinformation

system

Decisionsupportsystem

Executiveinformation system

Processingbusiness

transaction

Control ofindustrial

processing

Team andwork group

collaboration

Pre specifiedreporting tomanagers

Interactivedecisionsupport

Informationtailored forexecutives

Information system classification for a production unit


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Informationsystem

HospitalOperational

supportsystem

Hospital

Managementsupportsystem

Supportbusinessoperations

Support

managerialdecisionmaking

Datacapturesystem

Enterprisecollaboration system

Transactionprocessing

system

HospitalManagementinformation

system

HospitalDecisionsupportsystem

Executiveinformation system

Processingbusiness

transaction

Capturing ofdata at point

of origin(EDI,POS,PR

OCESSCONTROL)

Team andwork group

collaborationPre specifiedreporting tomanagers

Interactivedecisionsupport

Informationtailored forexecutives

Information system classification for a hospital


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What is Management InformationSystem

Management information system is

*ANINTEGRATED USER MACHINE SYSTEM

*FORPROVIDING INFORMATION

*TOSUPPORT THE OPERATIONS, MANAGEMENT,ANALYSIS AND DECISION MAKING FUNCTION

*INAN ORGANIZATION

The system utilizes

*COMPUTERHARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

*MAN

UAL PROCEDURES*MODELS FORANALYSIS, PLANNING, AND CONTROL,

DECISION MAKING.

*AND HAS A DATA BASE


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Parts of MIS

FUNCTIONAL SUBSYSTEM ACTIVITY SUBSYSTEM

All functional area in a

organization

All activity in aorganization

11 2 3 4 5

1

2

3

THE STRUCTURE CAN BE REPRESENTED BY USING A PYRAMID


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Parts of MIS


1.SALES AND MARKETING SUBSYSTEM 1.STRATEGIC SUBSYSTEM

2.FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING 2.TACTICAL SUBSYSTEM

SUBSYSTEM 3.OPERATIONAL SUBSYSTEM

3.PRODUCTION SUBSYSTEM

4.PERSONNEL SUBSYSTEM

5.LOGESTICS SUBSYSTEM

11 2 3 4 5

1

2

3


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11 2 3 4 5

1

2

3+

1 2 3 4 5

1

2

3

=

SALES FINANCE


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SALES

AND

MARKETING

PRODUCTION

LOGISTICS

PERSONNEL

FINANCE

AND

ACCOUNTING

MODEL

BASE

COMMON

APPLICATION

DATA

BASE

MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

(DBMS)

DATA BASE

STRATEGIC

PLANNING

TACTICAL

CONTROL

OPERATIONAL

MANAGEMENT

TRANASACTION

PROCESSING

UNIQUEFILES

COMMONDATABASE


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FOR A HOSPITAL THE

MISC

ANH

AVE

MIS in the hospital has follo ing


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MIS in the hospital has following

MIS


1.CLINICAL SUBSYSTEMS 1.STRATEGIC SUBSYSTEM

2.NONCLINICAL/PARA MEDICAL 2.TACTICAL SUBSYSTEM

SUBSYSTEM

3.SUPPORTIVE SUBSYSTEM 3.OPERATIONAL SUBSYSTEM

4.ADMINISTRATIVE SUBSYSTEM

5.ENGINEERING SUBSYSTEM

11 2 3 4 5

1

2

3


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11 2 3 4 5

1

2

3+

1 2 3 4 5

1

2

3

=

NON SUPPORTIVE


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MODEL

BASE

COMMON

APPLICATION

DATA

BASE

MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

(DBMS)

DATA BASE

STRATEGIC

PLANNING

TACTICAL

CONTROL

OPERATIONAL

MANAGEMENT

TRANASACTION

PROCESSING

UNIQUEFILES

COMMONDATABASE

CLINICAL

SUB SYSTEM

NONCLINICAL

SUB SYSTEM

SUPPORTIVE

SUB

SYSTEM

ADMINISTRATIVE

SUBSYSTEM

ENGINEERING

SUB SYSTEM

1.CLINICAL SUBSYSTEM 2.NON CLINICAL SUBSYSTEM


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1.CLINICAL SUBSYSTEM

OUT PATIENT RELATED MODULES

INPATIENT RELATED MODULES

CASUALTY / ICU RELATED MODULES

OPERATION THEATER RELATED MODULES

LABOUR ROOM RELATED MODULES

NURSING SERVICES RELATED MODULES

2.NON CLINICAL SUBSYSTEM

LABROTARY MODULES

PHARMACY MODULES

RADIOLOGY MODULES

BLOOD BANK MODULES

DIETARY MODULES

INFECTION CONTROL MODULES

MORTARY RELATED MODULES

3.SUPPORTIVE SUBSYSTEMHOUSE KEEPING MODULES

LAUNDARY MODULES

AMBULANCE ANDTRANSPORTATION MODULES

SECURITY BASED MODULESPARKING MODULES

CORRESPONDENCE MODULE

4.ADMINISTRATIVE SUBSYSTEM

MARKETING MODULES

HUMAN RESOURCE MODULES

LOSGISTICS AND INVENTORY MODULE

FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING MODULESRESEARCH AND DEVELOMENT

MEDICAL RECORDMODULES

5.ENGINEERING & MAINTAINANCE MODULESBIOMEDICAL,MECHINICAL,ELECTRICAL,CIVIL ENGINEERING MODULES


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Goals of an MIS

Provide managers withinformation

Regular,routine operations Control, organize and plan better


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Corporate

databases

ofinternal

data

Databases

of

externaldata

Databasesof

valid

transactions

Operational

databases

Transaction

processing

systems

Management

information

systems

Decision

support

systems

Executive

support

systems

Expert

systems

Business

transactions

Inputand

errorlist

Drill-downreports

Exceptionreports

Demandreports

Key-indicatorreports

Scheduled

reports

Employees

Corporate

intranet

Application

databases

O t t f


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Outputs of aManagement Information

System Scheduled reports

Produced periodically, or on a schedule (daily,weekly, monthly)

Key-indicator report Summarizes the previous days critical activities

Typically available at the beginning of each day

Demand report

Gives certain information at a managers request Exception report

Automatically produced when a situation isunusual or requires management action


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An Organizations

MIS

Financial

MIS

Marketing

MIS

Human

Resources

MIS

Etc.

Accounting

MIS

Drilldownreports

Exceptionreports

Demandreports

Key-indicatorreports

Scheduledreports

Databases

of

externaldata

Databases

of

valid

transactions

Transaction

processing

systems

Business

transactions

Businesstransactions

Extranet

Internet

Etc.


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What Kinds Of People Pursue MIS Degrees?


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What Kinds Of People Pursue MIS Degrees?The Profiles Of MIS Professionals Are Varied, ButIn General, Such Individuals Possess Many Of

The Following Traits:Good Problem Solving SkillsAbility To Effectively Manage Time AndResources

A Clear Vision Of The Big Picture As WellAs The Small DetailsA Desire To Work Closely With Other PeopleExcellent Communication Skills

Ability To Think Strategically AboutTechnologyA Desire To Take Responsibility ForDeveloping And Implementing Their Own

Ideas

What are typical career options for MIS


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What are typical career options for MISprofessionals?IT Consultant

Web DeveloperInformation Systems ManagerBusiness Intelligence AnalystNetwork Administrator

Business Application DeveloperSystems AnalystTechnical Support SpecialistBusiness Analyst

Systems Developer

What is an average salary for an MIS


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What is an average salary for an MISprofessional?

From 2002 to 2009, MIS undergraduate starting

average salaries rose from $42,165 - $56,000.


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TPS, MIS, DSS, and AI/ES

Hierarchy:

EIS/ES

DSS

MIS

TPS

Information

Data

Less More Less More

More MoreLess Less

RoutineDecisionsupport

Input &output

Sophistication& complexity ofprocessing &

analysis

Transactions


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Transactions Transactions are

BASIC BUSINESS OPERATIONS SUCH ASCUSTOMER ORDERS, PURCHASE ORDERS,RECEIPTS, SUPPLIERS ACCOUNTS ,INVOICES, AND PAYROLL CHECKS.. Thatare generated IN ANORGANIZATION

IN A HOSPITAL THE TRANSACTION, SUCHAS PATIENT INFORMATION ,PATHOLOGICAL TEST INFORMATION, THELEDGER, ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND

RECEIVABLE, PAYROLL, INVENTORYTRANSACTIONS. Are generated everytime and every where

Who should involve and take care of each

and every transaction TPS


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Transaction processing systems(TPS)

IS A SYSTEM THATPERFORM ROUTINEOPERATIONS AND SERVEAS A FOUNDATION FOROTHER SYSTEMS

TWOTYPES OFTPS


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Batch AND On-Line TransactionProcessing

Two types of TPS:

h i


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Batch processing Batch processing

A SYSTEM WHEREBY BUSINESSTRANSACTIONS AREACCUMULATED OVER A PERIOD

OF TIME AND PREPARED FORPROCESSING AS A SINGLE UNITOR BATCH

In batch processing,the FIRMCOLLECTS DATA FROMTRANSACTIONS AS THEYOCCUR, PLACING THEM IN

GROUPS OR BATCHES

n- ne transact on process ng


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n netransact onprocess ng

(OLTP)

A system WHEREBY EACHTRANSACTION IS PROCESSEDIMMEDIATELY, WITHOUT THE

DELAY OF ACCUMULATINGTRANSACTIONS INTO A BATCH

In online processing,data are

processed as soon as a transactionoccurs


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Batchprocessing

Data entry

of accumulated

transactions

Input

(batched)Output

EXAMPLE :-BILL GENERATION OF creditcardtransactionsonesin 30 days


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On-lineprocessing

Output

Terminal

Terminal

Terminal

Terminal

Terminal

Terminal

Immediateprocessing

of eachtransaction

EXAMPLE :-ATMtransactions

Obj ti f TPS


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ObjectivesofTPS

PROCESS DATA GENERATED BY AND ABOUTtransactions

Maintain a HIGH DEGREE OF ACCURACY

Ensure DATA AND INFORMATION INTEGRITYAND ACCURACY

Produce TIMELY DOCUMENTS AND REPORTS

Increase WORKERS EFFICIENCY

Help provide INCREASED AND ENHANCEDSERVICE

Help BUILD AND MAINTAIN CUSTOMERINFORMATION and loyalty

Achieve COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

Event


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Data entry & input

ProcessingDocuments

& reports

Database

Internally generatedtransactions:

shipped orders

purchase orders

employee time cards

Externally generatedtransactions:

customer orders

vendor invoices

customer payments

Internally generatedtransactions:

shipped orders

purchase orders

employee time cards

Externally generatedtransactions:

customer orders

vendor invoices

customer payments

Database update:

customer orders

inventory

purchase orders

customers

suppliers

Database update:

customer orders

inventory

purchase orders

customers

suppliers

Documents:

pick list

cheques to vendors

receiving notices

A/C paycheques

Operational reports:

finished productinventory status

raw materials; packingmaterials; spare parts;

inventory status

Documents:

pick list

cheques to vendors

receiving notices

A/C paycheques

Operational reports:

finished productinventory status

raw materials; packingmaterials; spare parts;

inventory status

Event


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Data Processing Activities

Commonto TPSs A transactionprocessingcycle

Datacollection

Dataediting Datacorrection

Datamanipulation

Datastorage

Document production


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Data

collection

Data

edit

Data

manipulation

Data

storage

Document

production

Data

correction

Original data


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WHEN DID HMIS STARTEDANDWHAT ARE ITS GENERATION

ORHOW CAN WE SEE THE HMIS

BAKSHI

WHEN DID IT STARTED


75/77

WHEN DID IT STARTED. The FIRST HIS WAS DEVELOPED IN MID 1960

in the UNITED STATES AND FEW EUROPEANCOUNTRIES (NETHERLANDS, SWEDEN,SWITZERLAND)

Although SEVERAL HUNDREDS OF HMIS are

available in the market VERY FEW COVER ALLTHE REQUIREMENTS OF A HOSPITAL ORPROVIDE ADEQUATE INTEGRATION WITHTHE LARGE HEALTHCARE NETWORK.

The DIVERSITY OF TASK TO BE PERFORMED,

THE PLAYERS INVOLVED,THE EXISTINGORGANIZATION,THE TECHNICALPOSSIBILITIES EXPLAIN THE SITUATIONMAKES

HIS MORE COMPLEX BUT NOT IMPOSSIBLE.

HOW DID IT EVOLVED


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HOW DID IT EVOLVED.

GENERATION 1 BILLING

GENERATION 2- BILLING +RECORD

KEEPING

GENERATION 3- BILLING +RECORD

KEEPING +ADMINISTRATION

GENERATION 4-INTEGRATED HIS

HOW DID IT EVOLVED


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HOW DID IT EVOLVED.

GENERATION 1

GENERATION 2

GENERATION 3

GENERATION 4