3.1 sustainability system design tools

Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy

carlo vezzoliPolitecnico di Milano

Learning Network on Sustainability

course Product-Service System Design for SustainabilitySubject 3. Methods and tools for PSS Design for Sustainability

learning resource 3.1

MSDS METHOD AND SUSTAINABILITY-ORIENTING SYSTEM DESIGN TOOLS: THE POLIMI/DIS APPROACH


CONTENTS . System Design for Sustainability: skills. MSDS Method approach and phases. Quick tour in MSDS method and main tools . System design for sustainability tools: approach. Sustainability Design-Orienting (SDO) toolkit. Interaction (sustainability) story-spot. Case of MSDS implementation by Polimi/DIS


- design an integrated system of products and services fulfilling a particular demand for “satisfaction”

- promote/facilitate new socio-economic stakeholders’ interactions

- promote/facilitate participated design between different stakeholders

- ORIENTATE THE ABOVE PROCESSES TOWARDS ECO-EFFICENT SOLUTIONS

- ORIENTATE THE ABOVE PROCESSES TOWARDS SOCIALLY EQUITABLE AND COHESIVE SOLUTIONS

SYSTEM DESIGN FOR USATAINABILITY: SKILLS


EU RESEARCHES DEVELOPED METHODS/TOOLS TO DESIGN PSS AND TO ORIENTATE THE PROCESS TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS:

van Halen, Vezzoli & Wimmer, Methodology for product service system innovation,Van Gorcum, Assen, The Netherlands, 2005

MEPSSManzini, Collina & Evans, Highly Customerised Solutions, Cranfield University, 2006

HiCS


… from MEPSS/HiCS EU projects,adjasted after some company consultings …

MSDS: Method for System Design for Sustailability

ADOPTED BY POLIMI-DIS IN COMPANY CONSULTING AND TEACHING


STRATEGIC ANALYSIS

EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES

SYSTEM CONCEPT DESIGN

SYSTEM DESIGN (AND ENGIN.)

COMMUNICATION

MSDS: PHASES/PROCESSES OBJECTIVESGaining the information needed to facilitate the generation of ideas oriented towards sustainability

Producing a “catalogue” of promising strategic possibilities, i.e. a sustainability design-orienting sceanario

Defining one or more system concept oriented towards sustainability

Developing the most promising system concept in a detailed version necessariy to its implementation

Producing the documents for the external communication of the solution’s characteristics (general characteristics but above all the sustainability ones)

ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT PROMOTERS

ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE CONTEXT

ANALYSIS OF BEST PRACTICES

ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE STRUCTURE

DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN PRIORITIES

IDEAS GENERATION ORIENTED TO SUSTAINABILITY

DEVELEPMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN ORIENTING SCENARIO - VISIONS/CLUSTERS/IDEAS

VISIONS, CLUSTERS AND IDEAS SELECTION

SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT (EXECUTIVE LEVEL)

ENV, SOCIO-ET. & ECON. CHECK/VISUALISATION

MULTIMEDIA REPORTING: OVERALL QUALITIES

MULTIMEDIA REPORTING: STAINABILITY QUALITIES



MODULAR METHOD:

1. enabling to START up the process at any stage

2. enabling to use a SELECTED set of processes and tools

3. Enabling to work on one, two or all the sustainability DIMENSIONS

MSDS: MODULAR APPROACHSTRATEGIC ANALYSIS




COMMUNICATION
















1. Sustainability Design-Orienting toolkit (SDO)

2. system map3. interaction table (story-board)4. satisfaction offering diagram5. stakeholder motivation matrix6. solution element brief

7. sustainability interaction story-spot

MSDS MAIN TOOLS:

LEGENDAsustainability-orienting system design tools(other) system design tools


QUICK TOUR IN MSDS METHOD AND MAIN TOOLS


STRATEGIC ANALISYS

Identify the sustainability design priorities

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS




COMMUNICATION
















ENVIRONMENTAL/SUSTAINABILITY PRIORITIES DEF.for each critera

evaluation checklists6 criteria

for environm. sustainability dimension

define priorities

set priotities

write answers

SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN-ORIENTING TOOLKIT


Generate sustainable-focused ideas on a stakeholder system intaraction level (1)

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS




COMMUNICATION

















SUSTAINABLE INTERACTION IDEAS GENERATATION

criterion and its priority

read guidelines (criteria/system

-related)

select idea table (one per criterion)

type idea emerged



criteria (without priority)

writeemerged ideas (for criteria)

read guidelines criteria/system-related

choose criteria

SUSTAINABLE INTERACTION IDEAS GENERATATIONSUSTAINABILITY DESIGN-ORIENTING TOOLKIT


Design and formalisation of the system concepts

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS




COMMUNICATION

















. SYSTEM MAP


. SATISFACTION OFFERING DIAGRAMM


. INTERACTION STORY BOARD


F. INTERACTION STORY BOARD. PRODUCT AND SUPPORT-PRODUCT CONCEPTS


Generate sustainable-focused ideas on a product-service system concept level

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS




COMMUNICATION

















criterion and its priority

type idea emerged

read guidelines (criteria-related)

per eachsustanibility dimension

1. select service or product level for idea table

SUSTAINABLE INTERACTION IDEAS GENERATATION



check and visualise achieved sustainability improvements/worsening

> up-date priorities

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS




COMMUNICATION

















CHECK IN PROGRESS CONCEPTevaluation helped bychecklists for each

criteria

for each given

criteria

define improvement

for each sustainab. dimension

click oncheck concept

write improvem.

Radar env.



CHECK/VISUALISE IN PROGRESS CONCEPT

concept improvement (e.g. +)

priority of existing system(e.g. Medium)

criterion(sust. dimension)

IMPROVEMENT…

type text synthethisingimprovement




concept improvement (e.g. ++)


IMPROVEMENT…

type text synthethisingimprovement


SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN-ORIENTING TOOLKITSUSTAINABLE INTERACTION IDEAS GENERATATION


. INTERACTION (SUSTAINABILITY) STORY-SPOT


development of the system organization

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS




COMMUNICATION












SYSTEM DESIGN (AND ENGINEERING)





H. SYSTEM MAP (DETAILED). SYSTEM MAP


. SATISFACTION OFFERING

DIAGRAMM


. INTERACTION STORY BOARD


Check and visualise the achieved sustainability improvements

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS




COMMUNICATION














SYSTEM DESIGN (AND ENGINEERING)



. (up-date) CHECK DESIGNED SYSTEMevaluation helped bychecklists for each

criteriafor each

given criteria

define improvement

for each sustainab. dimension

check concept

write improvem.

Radar env.


. (up-date) CHECK/VISUALISE DESIGNED SYSTEM

concept improvement (e.g. =)

priority of existing system(e.g. Low)


IMPROVEMENT…

type text synthetisingimprovement



. (up-date) CHECK/VISUALISE IN PROGRESS CONCEPT

concept improvement (e.g. ++)


IMPROVEMENT…

type text synthsthisisngimprovement



. (up-date) INTERACTION (SUSTAINABILITY) STORY-SPOT


SUSTAINABILITY-ORIENTING SYSTEM DESIGN TOOLS:APPROACH


… in addition to system/strategic design methods/tools> CRITERIA, METHODS AND TOOLS ARE NEED TO ORIENTATE DESIGN TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE STAKEHOLDER INTERACTIONS

[… NOT ALL SYSTEM INNOVATION ARE ECO-EFFICENT AND/OR SOCIALLY EQUITABLE AND COHESIVE!]

(OBJECTIVE) ORIENTATE THE SYSTEM DESIGN TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS


product concept service concept

syst

em

desi

gn

syst

em

eng

in.

stakeholders interactions concept

product design service design

stakeholders interactions design

product engineering

service engineering

stakeholders interactions engineering

strategic analysis

syst

em

conce

pt

SUSTAINABILITY ORIENTING METHOD/TOOLS

DESIGN/DEVELOPMENT PROCESSPRODUCT, SERVICE, SYSTEM

SUATAINABILITY EFFECTIVENESS

+

_

system design orientation B’

system concept evaluation/visualisation A’

system design evaluation/visualisation C’’

system design evaluation/visualisation A’’

system engineering evaluation B’’

system engineering evaluation/visualisation C’’

priorities evaluat. (existing) A

concept orientation B

system concept evaluation/visualisation

(priorities) C


MSDS SUSTAINABILITY-ORIENTING SYSTEM DESIGN TOOLS:

1. Sustainability Design-Orienting toolkit (SDO)

7. sustainability interaction story-spot


1. SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN-ORIENTING (SDO) TOOL

WHAT IS:a modular software toolkit supporting the following processes: - A: priorities sustainability criteria/guidelines (existing system qualitative analysis)- B: identify sustainable existing options (best practices analysis) - C: generate sustainability-focused idea- D: check/visualise sustainability improvement/worsening of developed concept/s

SCOPEorientate system design process towards sustainable solutions (environmental, socio-ethical, economic)


SDO STRUCTURE:SUSTAINABILITY DIMENSIONS<CRITERIA<GUIDELINES

environmentaldegradation

future generation

equity

environmental

socio-ethical

economic

criteria 1(e.g. transportationreduction)

criteria 2(e.g. system life optim.)

… criteria 3-6

guideline (e.g. on-site production/assembly) guideline(e.g. use local resources) …

… criteria 1-6

… criteria 1-6

sustainabilityprinciples

dimensionsdistinguished areas

criteriadesigner-BRIDGE-analyst

guidelines (2 levels)addressing potential improvement

…

…

…

…


SDO ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA (GUIDELINES)to suggest system eco-efficent stakeholder innovative interactions

. system life optimisation

. transportation/distribution reduction

. resources reduction

. waste minimisation/valorisation

. conservation/biocompatibility

. toxic reduction


SDO SOCIO-ETHIC CRITERIA (GUIDELINES)to suggest system social equity and cohesion(innovative interactions)

. improve employment/working conditions

. increase equity and justice in relation to stakeholders

. enable responsible/sustainable consumption

. favour/integrate the weak and marginalized

. improve social cohesion

. empower/enhance local resources


SDOintegration in the design processper each sustainability dimensionincreasing the detail level

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS




COMMUNICATION











A: priorities sustain. criteria/guidelines [tool: checklist/existing system]


B: analysis of sustainab. best practices[tool: checklist/case study; radars]

D:sustainab. improv. check/visualisat.[tool: checklist/concept; radars]




C: sustainability-focused idea generation [tool: idea tables + guidelines]


SCOPE: visualise (only) key interaction in relation to a specific aim, i.e. how the concept help achieve a given sustainability criteria

WHAT IS: a clipping from an interaction story-board. It covers less and focuses better than a storyboard

7. INTERACTION (SUSTAINABILITY) STORY-SPOT


WHAT IT CONSISTS OF:it is a graphical representation containing:

> the sequence of slides accompanied with short texts, representing (in time) the key interactions of the solution

> differentiated colors to identify each stakeholder (e.g. provider and client)

> notes to highlight main achieved sustainability criteria

7. INTERACTION (SUSTAINABILITY) STORY-SPOT


GREEN COLOR: CLIENT

RED COLOR: PROVIDER

7. SUSTAINABILITY INTERACTION STORY-SPOT


BACKGROUND COLOR

SHORT TEXT

STAKEHOLDER IDENTIFICATION

IMAGE



DESCRITPION OF A

SPECIFIC

INTERACTION THAT

LEADS TOWARDS

THE IMPROVEMENT

OF A GIVEN

ENVIRONMENTAL

CRITERIA

DESCRITPIO

N O

F A

SPECIFIC

INTERACTIO

N TH

AT

LEADS TO

WARD

S

THE IM

PROVEM

ENT

OF A G

IVEN SO

CIO-

ETHICAL CRITERIA



integration in the design processper each sustainability dimensionincreasing the detail level

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS




COMMUNICATION














visualise (only) key interactions underlining the achieved sustainability criteria




CASE OF MSDS IMPLEMENTATION BY POLIMI/DIS


LESS WASTES: OTHER WAYS OF DOING

SCENARIOS AND SYSTEMS’ CONCEPTS OF UPSTREAM WASTES REDUCTION IN THE FOOD AND PAPER CHAINS IN THE CITY OF BRESCIA, ITALY

commissioned by:

ASM-BRESCIA

existing existing system system analysisanalysis

eco-efficient eco-efficient scenarios and scenarios and system concept system concept developmentdevelopment

sustainabilitsustainability focused y focused ideas ideas generationgeneration


0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Imp

att

o r

ela

tivo (

%)

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

and productionPre

-production- Distribution Disposal

Imp

att

o r

ela

tivo (

%)

abridged LCA

ABRIDGED LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT

DESIGN OF THE SYSTEM INNOVATION INTRODUCTION AND DIFFUSION PATH

ECO-EFFICIENT SCENARIOS ELABORATION

commissioned by:

system innovation introd. and diffusion path

eco-efficient scenarios elaboration

PSS concept design

PSS engineering

PSS CONCEPT DESIGN AND ENGINEERING


ARCHIMEDE ENERGIA

PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND CREATING PROTOTYPES

DESIGN OF ECO-EFFICIENT PRODUCT SERVICE SYSTEMS

DEFINITION OF A STRATEGIC PATH FOR THE INTRODUCTION AND DIFFUSION OF THE DESIGNED SYSTEMS

product designproduct design

system designsystem designpath to intro. and path to intro. and diffusion of diffusion of system system innovationinnovation

commissioned by:

ARCHIMEDE ENERGIA


system designsystem design

product designproduct design

path to intro. and path to intro. and diffusion of diffusion of system innovationsystem innovation

coordinated by:

MIT (USA)

INTRODUCTION OF SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY SYSTEMS IN EMERGING CONTEXTS

1. introduction of sustainable Mobility Management system in Bangalore2. introduction of sustainable Car sharing (+carpooling) system in Bangalore3. introduction of sustainable residential Carpooling system in Beijing


system designsystem designproduct designproduct design

system innovation system innovation introd. and diffusion introd. and diffusion pathpath

SYSTEM DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABLE PILOT PROJECT AIMING AT AN INTRODUCTION OF LOCALLY-BASED AND LONG LASTING MOBILITY SYSTEM FOR LOW INCOME CONTEXTS IN AFRICA

United Nations Industrial Development Organization

A Global UNIDO Network of University Chairs on Innovation

Politecnico di Milano

Cape Peninsula University of Technology

3.1 sustainability system design tools

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