2/24/11BR- Chuck was a 58 year old man who died of a heart-attack. When he died, he was overweight. He ate lots of junk food and never exercised. He had smoked two packs of cigarettes since he was 17. Running late for work one day chuck tried to shovel 2 feet of snow in order to move his car. After a few minutes of heavy shoveling he collapsed and died.- The snow caused Chuck to die.Explain why you agree or disagree with this statement

Homework – Cause and Effect (write this out or add it to your work)• List the cause and effect of

• The Persian Wars• The Persian Wars were caused by

• The Persian Wars were caused by the revolt of the Ionian cities

• ..• Some effects of the Persian Wars were

• The Athenians became rich and powerful• ..

Greek History Timeline -1 • Greek City States (Athens, Sparta, others)

expand and colonize.• Greeks have colonies or city states on the

coast of Asia Minor.• These city states have loyalties and

connections with city states back in Greece.

• The city states in Asia Minor are conquered by the Persian Empire.

• Greeks are “xenophobic” fear and mistrust those who are not “Greek.” They thought of the Persians as Barbarians.

Persian Empire

Greek History Timeline -2 • Greek City States in Ionia decide to rebel

against the Persians. (499-494 BC)• Athens supports the rebelling cities

(Sparta Does not)• Persians (led by Darius) invade Greece to

punish and conquer• Greeks (Led by the Athenians) defeat

Persians at Marathon (Spartans did not participate in the battle) – 490 BC

Greek History Timeline -3 • Xerxes, son of Darius, tries again to defeat

the Greeks – Massive Army: 250,000 Soldiers

• Thermopylae (480 BC) – “300” Spartans hold off the Persians before they are killed. (Athens did not participate in the battle)

• Athens is burned, but Athenian navy defeats Persians at Salamis – Persians go home.

Greek Colonies and City-States

Greek History Timeline -4 • Greek Poleis Form Alliances to “protect”

against future Persian invasion• Athens leads one, Sparta leads the other.• After the Persian wars Athens became rich

because of their Naval Power – Themistocles. They form a group of cities called the Delian League

• Under Pericles, Athens begins to dominate and abuse? Their power – Sparta forms their own alliance called the Peloponnesian League

Themistocles and a Greek Trireme (3 decks)

The Great Peloponnesian Wars (431-404 B.C.)

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The Great Peloponnesian War (431-404 B.C.)

War began as a conflict between Athens and Sparta

Defeat of Athens and the loss of the Athenian Empire

After the war much of Greece is destroyed. The Great city states are left very weak.

Alexander the Great and the Greek EmpireAlexander’s Father – Phillip the One-Eyed

Conquers the Greek City States (who were weak after the Peloponnesian War)

Alexander was from Macedonia (hill country)

Student of AristotleBecame king at 20 Decides to Conquer Persia (the world) with

his group of friendsBurned Persepolis to ground - revenge for

AthensDied at 32 in Babylon – His empire splits

up among his remaining friends/generalsResponsible for the spread of Greek

culture.

• Alexander’s Father – Phillip the One-Eyed