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ANALYSIS OF CIRCULAR AND RECTANGULAR

OVERHEAD WATERTANK

Conference Paper March 2014

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3 authors, including:

Hemishkumar Patel

Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya Engineer

6PUBLICATIONS 1CITATION

SEE PROFILE

Dr. Jayeshkumar Pitroda

Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya Engineer

217PUBLICATIONS 260CITATIONS

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Available from: Dr. Jayeshkumar Pitroda

Retrieved on: 02 June 2016
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National Conference on: Trends and Challenges of Civil Engineeri ng in Todays Transforming World

29th Mar ch, 2014, Civil Engineeri ng Department S.N.P.I.T. & R.C., Umrakh

ANALYSIS OF CIRCULAR AND RECTANGULAR

OVERHEAD WATERTANK

Hemishkumar Patel

1

, Prof. Jayeshkumar Pitroda

2

, Dr. K. B. Parikh

3

1Student of first year M.E (Construction Engineering & Management), B.V.M Engineering College, VallabhVidyanagar-Gujarat-India

2Assistant Professor and Research Scholar, Civil Engineering Department, B.V.M. Engineering College,

Vallabh Vidyanagar-Gujarat-India3Associate Professor, Government Engineering College, Dahod - Gujarat-India

Abstract: This paper is an application of optimization method to the structural Analysis and

design of circular elevated water tanks, considering the total economy of the tank as an

objective function with the properties of the tank that are tank capacity, width and length of

tank in rectangular, water depth in circular, unit weight of water and tank floor slab

thickness, as design variables. A computer program has been developed to solve numerical

examples. The results shows that the tank capacity taken up the minimum economy of the

rectangular tank and taken down for circular tank. The tank floor slab thickness taken up the

minimum economy for tanks. The unit weight of water in tank taken up the minimum economy

of the circular tank and taken down for rectangular tank.

Keywords: Optimization, Tank capacity, Water tanks

I. INTRODUCTION

Storage reservoirs and overhead tank are used to store water, liquid petroleum, petroleum

products and similar liquids. The force analysis the reservoirs or tanks is about the same

irrespective of the chemical nature of the product. All tanks are designed as crack free

structures to eliminate any leakage. Water and petroleum and react with concrete and,

therefore, no special treatment to the surface is required. Industrial wastes can also be

collected and processed in concrete tanks with few exceptions. The petroleum product such

as petrol, diesel oil, etc. are likely to leak through the concrete walls, therefore such tanks

need special membranes to prevent leakage. Reservoirs below the ground level are normally

built to store large quantities of water wheres those of overhead type are built for direct

distribution by gravity flow and are usually of similar capacity.


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GENERAL

A water tankis a container for storing water.

Water tank parameters include the general design of the tank, choice of materials of

construction, as well as the following.

1. Location of the water tank (indoors, outdoors, above ground or underground) determines

colour and construction characteristics.

2. Volume of water tank will need to hold to meet design requirements.

3. Purpose for which the water will be used, human consumption or industrial determines

concerns for materials that do not have side effects for humans.

4. How is the water to be delivered to the point of use, into and out of the water tank i.e.

pumps, gravity or reservoir.

TYPES OF WATER TANK

Based on the location of the tank in a building`s tanks can be classified into three categories.

Those are:

I.

Underground tanks

II. Tank resting on grounds

III. Overhead tanks or Elevated tanks

ELEVATED TANKS

Elevated tanks have many advantages. Elevated tanks do not require the continuous operation

of pumps. Short term pump shutdown does not affect water pressure in the distribution

system since the pressure is maintained by gravity. And strategic location of the tank can

equalize water pressures in the distribution system. However, precise water pressure can be

difficult to manage in some elevated tanks.

The pressure of the water flowing out of an elevated tank depends on the depth of the water

in the tank. A nearly empty tank probably will not provide enough pressure while a


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completely full tank may provide too much pressure. The optimal pressure is achieved at

only one depth.

The optimal depth of water for the purpose of producing pressure is even more specific for

standpipes than for tanks elevated on legs. The length of the standpipe causes continual and

highly unequal pressures on the distribution system. In addition, a significant quantity of the

water in a standpipe is required to produce the necessary water pressure.

TYPES OF ELEVATED WATER TANKS BASED ON SHAPE

Types of Water tanks based on shape are as follows

1.

Circular tank

2. Rectangular tank

3. Intze tank

1. CIRCULAR TANK

The simplest form of water tank is circular tank for the same amount of storage the circular

tank requires lesser amount of material. More over for its circular shape it has no corner and

can be made water tight easily. It is very economical for smaller storage of water up to 200

lac liter sand with diameter in the range of 5 to 8 m. The depth of the storage is between 3 to

4 m. The side walls are designed for hoop tension and bending moments.

General diagram of Circular water tank is shown below.

Figure 1: General diagram of Circular water tank


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SOFTWARE CAPABILITY

SOFTEARE SAP2000 v14

The software used for the analysis in present study is SAP 2000 v14.0.0 Advanced. It is

product of Computer and Structures; Berkeley, USA. SAP 2000 is used for analyzing general

structures, buildings, dam, soil etc. fully integrated program that allows model creation,

modification, execution of analysis, and design optimization and result review from within a

single interface. SAP 2000 is a standalone finite element based structural program for the

analysis and design of civil structures. It offers an intuitive, yet powerful user interface with

many tools to aid in quick and accurate construction of models, along with sophisticated

technique needed to do most complex projects.

SAP 2000 is objects based, meaning that the models are created with members that represent

physical reality. Results for analysis and design are reported for the overall object, providing

information that is both easier to interpret and consistent with physical nature.

The SAP 2000 structural analysis program offers following features:

Static and Dynamic Analysis.

Linear and Non Linear Analysis.

Dynamic seismic Analysis and static push over Analysis.

Geometric Non Linearity including P effect.

Frame and Shell structural elements.

Non-linear link and support Analysis.

Frequency dependent link and support properties.

Multiple co-ordinate system.

Wide variety of loading option including wind load, seismic load, moving load etc. in

addition to the general loads.


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DATA ANALYSIS

Figure 2: Comparison of hoop tension for rectangular and circular water tank

Figure 3: Comparison of axial force in column for circular and rectangular water tank

50000 60000 75000 90000 100000

RETANGULAR TANK 33 70 80 90 110

CIRCULAR TANK 42 58.5 65 77 100

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

HOOPTENSION(kN/m)

WATER CAPACITY (LITER)

COMPARISON OF HOOP TENSION FOR RECTANGULAR AND

CIRCULAR WATER TANK

50000 60000 75000 90000 100000

AXIAL FORCE FOR CIRCULAR

(KN)87.73 98.384 123.26 147.89 164.37

AXIAL FORCE FOR

RECTANGULAR (KN)61.51 150 187.5 225 250

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

AXIALFORCE(KN)

CAPACITY (LITER)

COMPARISON OF AXIAL FORCE IN COLUMN FOR

CIRCULAR AND RECTANGULAR WATER TANK


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Figure 4: Comparison of weight of water for circular and rectangular tank

Figure 5: Comparison of dead load for circular and rectangular tank

50000 60000 75000 90000 100000

CIRCULAR 502.391 590.304 739.588 887.357 986.231

RECTANGULAR 512 600 750 900 1000

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

WEIGHTOFWATER(KN)

CAPACITY (LITER)

COMPARISON OF WEIGHT OF WATER FOR CIRCULAR AND

RECTANGULAR TANK

50000 60000 75000 90000 100000

Dead load for circular (KN) 788.935 939.329 1017.604 1126.422 1143.711

Dead load for rectangular (KN) 828.47 889.48 1056.5 1136.46 1155.53

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Dead load (KN)

Capacity (liter)

COMPARISON OF DEAD LOAD FOR CIRCULAR AND

RECTANGULAR TANK


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CONCLUSIONS

Total water load in Rectangular tank is slightly higher than water load in circular tank

A hoop tension force for Circular tank is lower compare to Rectangular tank for higher

capacity.

An axial force in column due to total water load in Circular tank is lower compare to

Rectangular tank for higher capacity.

Software results compare to IS code calculation is higher.

REFERENCES

[1]

S. Ramamrutham , Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures

[2]Shah H.J. Vol-2, Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures

[3]IS code 3370, Part-I,II,III,IV

[4]IS code 456-2000

22 hp-jrp-kbp circular water tank 1-9!2!2014

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