2010 chapter 13 european explorers

8/8/2019 2010 Chapter 13 European Explorers

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Chapter 13Chapter 13 European ExplorersEuropean Explorers


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Chapter Summary

Europeans risked

dangerous oceanvoyages to discovernew sea routes.

Spain and Portugalcontrol the NewWorld

Early Europeanexplorers soughtgold in Africa, thenbegan to tradeslaves.


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Motives and Means 1500-1800 Dynamic

Energy in Europe leads

to European Expansion

Why would theyrisk so much toexplore?

The 3 Gs:

God

Gold

Glory


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The Portuguese

Southern coast of Africa along the Atlantic =

The Gold Coast


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The Portuguese = look to roundAfrica to return from India with Spices

In 1488, BartholomeuDias rounded the tip of Africa

looking for a route to India.

Vasco da Gamarounded the tip

ofAfrica andsailed on to theport of Calcuttain India in 1498.

He took on a cargo ofspices and returned tomake a profit of severalthousand percent.

DIAS

da Gama


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Da Gamas Ship


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What Did Columbus Look Like?


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Spanish Sail West & Voyage to Americas

As the Portuguese sailedeast to reach the sourceof the spice trade, theSpanish sailed west tofind it.

Italian ChristopherColumbus sails forSpain.

4 voyages believeshe reaches the Indies

Opposing viewpoints page 410


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The VoyageThe Voyage


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Video: Age of Exploration- Race for Riches


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Voyages to the Americas (cont.)

Both Spain and

Portugal feared theother would claimsome of its newlydiscovered

territories. In the 1494 Treaty ofTordesillas, they decided ona north-to-south line through the

Atlantic Ocean and theeasternmost part of South

America.

Portugal claimed the unexploredterritories east of the line, Spain

to the west.

Like the modern Space Race

European Nations were in a race

to find new territories.


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Spanish Win the Treaty:

They get the bestOf the deal


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Amerigo Vespucci Italian

Explorer, Navigator, andCartographer.

Wrote letters of the NewWorld.

The European publiclearned about the newlydiscovered continent of the

Americas for the first time Led to the use of his first

name Americus in LatinforAmericas


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The Conquistadors - Spanish Explorers

Cortes, Pizarro -

examples of Conquistadors Forced labor of NativeAmericans led to the

cruel treatment


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Video: Francisco Pizzaro


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Disease Ravages Native Americans

Smallpox, Measles, TyphusHispaniola pop. 250,000 in 1492

pop. 500 in 1538

Mexico pop. 25 Million in 1519

pop. 1Million in 1630


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Measles

Typhus


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Commerce & Trade

Mercantilism set

of principles thatdominated economicthought in the 17th

century.

Prosperity depends onsupply of bullion gold &

silver

Balance ofTrade diffbetween what a nationimports and exports


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Mercantilism

The prosperity of a nation isdependent upon its supply ofcapital, and that the globalvolume of international trade is"unchangeable".

Economic assets (or capital) arerepresented by bullion (gold,silver, and trade value) held bythe state, which is best increased

through a positive and healthybalance of trade with othernations (exports minus imports).


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Europeans Needed Cheap Labor


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Slave Trade The Middle

Passage name

for the transportof slaves fromAfrica to America.

Africans originallybrought to thenew world tosupply labor forsugarplantations


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The Middle Passage: Drawings by Tom Feelings

March 12 - December 3, 2000


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Video: Slave Trade


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Video: The Triangular Trade: Growth of European Slave Trade


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Triangular TradeTriangular Trade


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Triangular TradeTriangular Trade

2010 chapter 13 european explorers

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