Early European Explorers

Pages 39 – 63

Christopher Columbuspages 39 - 43

Born in ItalyWas looking for a faster way to reach Asia

for the rich trade market.Made 2 mistakes when planning his

voyage; 1st-- he thought Asia was larger than it really was and 2nd—he thought the earth was smaller than it actually is.

Sailed for Spain

Columbus cont.

Three Ships: the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria. Sailed in 1492 Discovered what is present day Central America. Called the people“Indians”

Columbus cont.

Thought he had landed in an Asian island called the Indies. Died in 1506 believing he had found the passage to Asia

With Columbus’ discovery, Spain gained great wealth and power. This encouraged France, England and other European countries to send ships to the America’s.

Amerigo VespucciPage 52

Italian Sailor Sailed for Spain Sailed in 1501 to find a sea route to Asia. Founded present day South America.

Ferdinand Magellan

Page 52

A Portuguese Sailor Sailed for Spain Set out to reach Asia by sailing around South America. He died during the trip but his crew made it and became the first people to sail around the world.

Hernando CortesPage 53

Sailed for Spain Conquered the Aztec Empire Present day Mexico

Francisco PizarroPage 54

Sailed for Spain Conquered the Incas Present day Peru

John CabotPage 55

o Sailed for Englando Set sail in 1497o Landed in present day Newfoundland, Canada

Henry HudsonPage 55

Sailed for England Discovered present day New York and parts of Canada.

Giovanni da VerrazzanoPage 56

Italian who sailed for FranceLooking to find the Northwest Passage.Explored the Atlantic coastline of North America.

Jacques CartierPage 56

• Sailed for France• Traveled up the St. Lawrence River to present day Montreal.

Samuel de ChamplainPage 58

Sailed for the FrenchExplored the St. Lawrence RiverFounded a fur trading post at Quebec. This became the first permanent French settlement in North America.

The Dutch also built a colony called New Netherland along the Hudson River in present day New York.

The Dutch also purchased ManhattanIsland from the Native Americans. They then founded the town of New Amsterdam—which is New York City.

To conclude:The 3 motives or reasonsfor European exploration ofthe Americas are ---1. Religion—the spread of Christianity2. Power – to expand the Empires3. Wealth – to find gold

The Impact of Colonization

Pages 59 - 63

Slavery – because of the rapidly growing colonies, the Native Americans were dyingfrom being overworked and European diseases. The Spanish and Portuguese turned to enslaved Africans.

Before the slave trade endedIn the late 1800’s, approx.12 million Africans had beenenslaved and shipped to the Western Hemisphere.

With the arrival of Europeans, there was more than a clash of peoples and cultures. Besides slavery, it also brought about a movement of plants (grains), animals (livestock), and diseases.The movement of living things between the hemispheres is called the Columbian Exchange.

European Exploration

of the Americas

Causes Effects

National competition

Desire for Wealth

Spread Christianity

Slavery

Destruction of Aztec and Inca Empires

Columbian Exchange

European Colonies in

the Americas