1934 autumn
TRANSCRIPT
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The Royal rmy ay Corps Journal
Vo . H
No.
15.
So, Pall, Mall,
London, S.W.I.
September, 1934.
With
much
regr
et we
announce th
e
death
f Major Genera l Sir Claude Arthur
Bray,
K.C.M.G., C.B., \Nhich took place in Daw
lish on 25th August.
The
deceased
transferred to the Army
Pay Department in 1891
and
during the
Great
War
was
Paymaster-in-Chief
of the
British Expeditionary Force
in France.
Further detai ls of General Bray's dis
tinguished
service
in
the
Army
wi
ll be
found elsewhere in tbis issue.
At the funeral
wh
ich took p l a c ~ in the
parish
church at Dawlish
on 29th
August,
I,ieut.-Colooel P.
L.
Oldham was presen t
to
represent
the
Royal Army
Pay Corps.
* * *
A new Army Pay Office was opened at
Khartoum on the 1st September, 1934, for
the carrying out of
cash accounting duties
(Command
and
Regimental Services), in
rt:spect of the British
troops
in the Sudan.
Por the
purposes
of control, administration
and
provis
i
on
of staff,
the
office is u n d ~ r
the
orders
of the
Command Paymaster
111
Egypt.
Our Chess
editor
embarks for
China
th is
troopillg season, and takes
~ I i t h
him 0:11'
hest wishes. Perhaps he \nll succeed 111
tracing the ga me
back
to its n ~ y s t ~ r i o u s
origin said to be orienta l , and \Vdl
put
us
in po;session of
the
true facts in
the
next
issue. Donhtless the Curious in Chess
se
ries
COli
ici
sl1stain a
further
contribution
from East of Suez, so next time we
may
hore for an or ienta l problem, or Chinese
Juzzle.
293
Autumn, 1934
R.A.P.C. Officers'
Club
Annual General Meeting.
The Seventh
Annual
General Meeting of
the Royal
Army
Pay Cor:ps Officers' C
lub
\\
'as held at 80, Pall Mall, S.W.I, on
Friday, 6th July, 1934.
At the r
eques
t of Colonel
W. S. Macken
zie, C.B.E.,
who
was
unable
to b ~
present
at the o m m ~ n e m e n t of the
meeting,
the
Chair was taken by Lieut.-Colonel G. H.
Charlton, M.C. Seventeen
officers
,ere
present.
1
The
minutes
of
the last
meeting
were
read,
c o n f i r m ~ d and signed.
2 t was proposed by
Captain
B. Sant
and seconded
by
Captain
O . D. Garratt,
M.C.,
that the
accounts
f
or
the previous
yea r be passed.
This
was
agreed.
3. The secretaries of the various Sports
Sections gave
details of their proposed
activities c1l1ring the coming
year
and
plained certain items
of expenditure.
Owing
to
the increased a c t i v i t i ~ s of the
Club in all
Sections the
question of
raising
t h ~ sUbscriptions of home
members
by
2S 6d .
Per
year
was
discussed. t
was
de
cided
that this should be br:ougb,t up
at the
next
Annual
Meeting.
4.
t
was proposed by
Lieut.-Colonel
J
Sawers that Lieut.-Colonel
1
P. Brickman
and
Captain R. H.
Sayers, M.C., should be
asked to continue in their capacity as
honorary auditors and
be c c o r d ~ d a hearty
vote of thanks for
their work this
yea .
This was seconded by Captain W . Marshall
and
was
unanimously
carried
.
5. It \vas qgreed tha t the Corps
Sports
Week
in 1935
should be
from
Monday,
July 1St to
Saturday,
Ju ly
6th,
and tha.t
the
Corps Dinner should
be hdd on
Fnday.
July
5th. The
allocation of days to Sports
Sections
was
relegated
to t h ~ Sports Com
mittees, and it was agreed that if necessary
each section
should
circular ise the members
to discover their views.
6. Colonel W. S. Mackenzie proposed a
vote of thanks to
the
b,onorary
secretary
Qf
the
Club
and honorary
secretaries
of
the
Sports Sections
for
their
work
during the
past
year. This
was
seconded by Colonel
R.
A. B .
Young
and
c ~ r r i e d
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THE ROYAL ARMY PAY CORPS JOURNAL
orps
Sports
ews
CORPS
CIUCKET 1934.
VERSUS ROYAL ARMY
CHAPLAINS
DEPARTMENT.
Played
at
Aldershot
on 29th
and
30
th
Jun e, 19
1 .
The R.A .Ch.D. I\'on the toss and batted
first but
this did
not
prove
an advantage,
as
th ey were
dismissed for 77 runs on a
diffic
ult wicket
. Sg t . Grant bowled
rea
lly
we ll. He foune.
a
sj)ot and used it cleverly,
making the
ba ll get
up sha
rp ly, five bats
men
being
ca u
ght
in
consequence; in
ad
dition he clean bowled fo ur
men and
finished up w it h
an analysis
of
nine
\I'ic
ket
s
for twenty-three runs. Captain
1\IIalpass
bowled steadily
at
the other end and it \I'as
not necessary to ch.ange
th
e bo\\'lin g .
Th
e
Rev. Todd batted well for t\lent y-seven.
but the bowling was never mastered, and
on ly tll'O other batsmen
reached double
figures.
Our batting
was
not at all
br
illiant in
the first innings but thanks to Col
one
l
Lightfoot, Captains Treglown and
Marden,
Sergeants Enclacott and G rant, lye
secured
a usef ul l
ead
of
thirty-seven runs.
The
Reverends
Stee
le
and
Foster b o w h : well
and the
bowling was never
collared
In
their
second innings the Padres
made
a di
sastrous
start l
osing four
lVickets for
s ~ v e n mns. The Reverends
G l
adstone
and
Stee
le
then held the fort until stumps
lI'ere dra\l'u for the day with t h ~ score at
thirty-eight.
Continuing their partnersh
ip
Oil
the
second day,
w ith the
\I
'icket play in
/
easier, it was not until the score reached
nine
ty-ni
ne
that th
e
next wicket
fell.
The
Reverend Steele made a grand
seventy-o
ne
and the Reverend Gladstone a v ~ r y llseful
twenty-eight. Capta
in
Evers took
both
their wi
ckets, one be
in g well caught
by
Captain Eynon. A colla pse followed and
the
innin
gs closed with the score at J21 . Th e
Corps
needed
eigh ty-nil1e runs to Il'in
and
Captain Clowes and Pte.
Baker quick
ly
knocked off the runs
witho
ut be
ing
separated,
both
batting co
nfidently,
making
forty-tl1Tee each . This
was
Baker's first
appearance for t h ~ Corps; a
prom
isin g
295
sta rt . It was a 1110st
enjoyab
le
game,
1I"0n
by ten
\I'
ickets
w
hi
ch
makes
ll S all square
with the
Padres.
J
ext year's
game
wi
ll
be
a keen one.
RA
CHAPLAINS DEPT 1st Innings
Hev. P . M. B l'umw e
Il
, c. Clowes, b. Gra nt 9
Rev.
n.
W . Todd , b. C
I
a
nt
.. . '" 27
Rev .
J.
H . Ra m urd . c . Grant , h.
Ma
lpass 6
Hev . H . .-L Ain wO 1h , b. Gran
l
.
1
Hev. J . Melhuish . c. Enda c
ott
. b. 'Gra
nt
0
Rev J . J . teele. c. Clowes. b.
Gr
ant 0
R ev.
D.
ll . L . Fos ter . b. Gra
nt
,
1
R ev . T . W . H enle. b. Gnt 1t . . . 16
R ev.
T\:
.
J
Punt
on. c. IVlnrdpn,
b.
Gnmt
...
1
R ev.
W . E.
CLlds ton e c. Li g
htf
oot ,
b
Gran t 14
R ev
FT
T Tovey,
1I0t
. ou t .. 0
"Ex
t ra s 2
Tot
a l
77
R A CHAPLAINS DEPT 2nd Innings
Rev . P. ]\[ B umwe
ll
, c.
Bak
er ,
b. En
.d acot, 1
Hev .
H . W .
T od(l. run out ...
0
R
ev
. J . H . l lama I'd. b.
Gmnt
. .. ... 3
R ev . H.
A.
A J1 sworth , c. Bak er, b. Grant 0
Rev. J : lIfelhu ish.
1101, out
.. ...
6
Re
v.
,1.
.T: St
cele, c. low es. b.
Ev
ers 71
B
v.
D. ll
.
L.
Fo
st
er.
h.
End acott
...
Rev. T . W . H eale,
l.b.w
. h. Malpass 6
Rev K. , \ . "Pu ll t.on. c. Ligl1tfoot. b. Enda cott 1
R ev. \ iV. E Gladston c.
Eyn
on. b. Evers 21l
Rev
H.
T.
'ro
ve" ,
Co
a lld
b. Endacott 0
E x
tra
s 7
' Total 125
R A P C
. 1st
Innings
Ca pt.
A N.
Ev er -. c. 'H eale,
h.
Ste ele
4
Ca
pt
. J B . Clowe . I).
St
eele .. , 8
C
apt
, C. J . H. 'r rcg lowII ,
c.
Bal'tlard. b.
St
ee le 26
Col. L . J
Lightfo
ot. c. H cole. h. Barnal'd 18
C
ap
t.
H. \N
T. M,trden.
b. Fo
st er
13
Capt.
J.
S . EYllon, b. St eele ... 6
SKt .
F.
Gt
:
nnt
, c. b.
12
Sg t . . Endu c
ot t
. 110t out ...
10
Pt
e .
\
. B aker. c. Todd. h. Foster 5
Sgt,. G. D. Egan. c. Mclhui sh . b. Fo st er 0
.Ca pt. H.
:s:
:M,\ lpas s,
b.
F oster ... .
6
Extras 6
Total
F I ~ P
C. 2nd
tnnings
. .
Ca
pt
.
J.
H . Clo wes.
not
o
ut
Pt
e. A. Baker, no t out ...
:\ ]xtras . .. . ' .:.
Tot.al for 0
wi
ke t .
...
114
43
43
3
.... 89
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THE
ROYAL ARMY PAY CORPS JOURNAL
VERSUS
R
OYAL ARMY
ORDNANCE
CO
RP
S.
Played
at A
lder
sh
ot on
2nd
and 3rd Jul
y,
1934
The
R. A.M.C. kindly lent us their
ground for this
match and
e are very
gratefu l to them for doing so.
Having
won
the toss the R.A.O.C.
bat
ted first and were
given
a good start by
Colonel
Hoare and Major Palmer,
wh.o put
on seven
t
y-one
runs for the first
.\
,
cket.
Colonel
Hoare
con
tinue
d
to bqt
bn lh
antly
and
received
excellent
su
pport
from Pt e .
Borwell.
The
former was rather unlucky to
miss a century by two
runs:
the latter w ~ s
undefeated aft er scoring eigh ty runs 111
good s tyle.
Our
reply to
a total of 24 4
was satis
fac
tory,
especially
as Captain
Treglown
~ a d
fractured
a finger taking a
catch
and faIled
to score. The
feature
of the
innings
was a
well
played
sixty by
Captain
Eve rs wh o
\\ 'as unlucky to be caught off a
~ a f d
shot
to leg. Time
now became an
Im
por
tant
factor and our opponents had to force the
pace to \\in the ,
match:
in doi ng so they
" 'ere dismissed for 139. Colonel Sheppard
and Capt.
Robinson
hit hard and scored
well .
but
Sergeant Grant
bow
led. e x c ~
lently to
take
seven c k e t ~ f
or
thlrtY-:,lx
runs . Set to
ge
t J63
to
Will.
our battl11g
broke
down and
were d i s m i s s ~ d
for
8 ~ . the
R.A.'O.C. winn ing b y 79. Colonel
Lightfoot despite
a
strained
leg batted well ,
hut
apar
t from
Captain Evers
.
nobodv
else
r
encheCl
double figures . LjCp .
Sands.
Ptes. Clarke and Lawrence all
howled
very
well for our qnponents, who are lu cky to
have such a
tr i
o.
Th
e Corps is
greatly
indebted to Colonel
W. S.
Mackenzie
.
Lieut.-Colonel
T.
L.
Rogers. members of
the R.A .P.C . e t a ~ h -
ment
. A
ldershot Command and
the. lad.les
,,ho vvorked so
hard
to
make the
socIal SIde
such
a
big
success.
Catering
arrang-eme ,ts
for
this
ame were
exce
ll
ent. reflect111
.
reat
credit
on all
concerned. Five
hundreCl
teas were served Cluring the match and
coolin
g-
drinks wh ich
were
much a
D
pre dated.
Th
e weath er was grand at
Aldershot
on all four days.
29
6
R.A
.O.C. 1St
Innings.
Co
l.
L . L . Ho are, c. Lightf oot , b. E vers 98
Major G. W . Palm er . b. Grant ... .. . 19
Lt . -Col. J. H . D. Sheppa rd , c. Tr
rg
lowll , .
Endac
ott
.. . ...
7
Capt . L . C. D. Robinson, l.b. w., b. Rogers 18
Pt e. \7 / .
BOl
'we
ll
, not ou t ... 80
Lt. C. Phil lpotts, b .
Gr
ant 4
Cpl. E. J . K ell y, 5
.
G
rant
.. . ... .. .
2
Pt e.
A . Lawrence, c. Grant , b . Malpass. .
..
4
Major H .
R.
Skinner .
c.
Clowes, b. Malpn ss
P te . T . Clnrk , b. Clow s . 2
L j Cpl. A. Sand s, h . Clowes 2
Extr
as
8
Tot al
.. . 244
R.A O.C. 2nd
Innings.
Co
l.
L. L. H oa re. b. Grant .. .
20
Ma
jor
G.
W .
Palmer . b. Mal pass .. .
... :3
Lt
. -Gol.
J
H . D. Shepp a rd , c. and b. Grant 39
ra
pt.
L . 0 D.
R ohin son,
b.
Gr
a
n . 43
Pt e. W . BO 'well , c. Malpa ss, b. Gra.nt ... 3
Li eut. C.
W
Phillp'
ot
t s, c. E ynon . U. Grant 4
COl
p
l. E . J . K e
.ll
y,
I.b
.w . , h. M" rden 4
P
t.e
.
A.
La wrence,
b.
Malpass
3
Majol' H. R Skinner. b. Grant ... 6
Pt
e. T . Chuk. c Ma rc\en, h. Grant
L /CIJ I. A . Sallds, not out. 10
E .
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8/10/2019 1934 Autumn
4/27
THE
ROYAL ARMY PAY CORP S JOU RNAL
A.E . CORPS. 1st Innings.
Sergt.
Friend, c. Ramsay
Holden
, b. E nda 61
c
ot
t . . . ... .. . ... .. . . .
C
apt.
R. A. l
-t
usb rid ge, I.b .w .
b.
R :
\msay
80
Ho
lden ... ... .. . ... . .
Col.
A.
C. John ston , run out .. ' ... 10
Capt. H. R. Kirkwood , c. Ba ker , b. Endacot, 7
Capt. M. H . Cork ,
run
out ... . . . 1
\
1.1.0.
T. E .
Parslow
, c. R am
say Holden
,
b En d
acot
t . .. . . . .. . . ..
25
Col.
C
G. Maude, c. E ynon , b .
Ma
l
pass
4
Capt. r . J. Chambed ain. c. En daco t,t , b. 1
Ma lpass .. . 2
Capt. G. W. P. l
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8/10/2019 1934 Autumn
5/27
THE ROYAL ARMY
PAY
CORPS
JOURNAL
R.A.P.C. GOLFING SOCIETY.
The
Summer Meeting was held
at the
Went\\"orth
Club, Virginia Water, Surrey,
on Thursday, July 5th, the number attend
ing being 28. Singles
were
played in the
morning on the East Course and Foursomes
ill the afternoon on the West
Course.
~ t h e r conditions were again very favour
able, though rather warm . The
fairways
were
very
dry as was
inevitable
following
the long
period
of drought, but the greens,
though fast, were
in excellent condition.
The results and
leadin
g
scores were
as
follows :-
The 'Riley' Cleek.
(Best gross score.)
Major
C. N .
~ d l l a l l
Major R. G.
Stanham
Capt. A.
N. Evers
Gross
81
84
84
The
Toiler' Cup and Captain's Prize.
(Best net score.)
Gross N et
Lieut. S. Holman (24) 9
1
67
Major C. N . Bednall (7) 81 74
Capt. A. N. Evers (10) 84 74
Capt.
G.
Haggard (26) 100 74
Bogey
of the
course
is 7
5
The
Captain's Prizes for the
Bogey
Four
somes \"ere
won by Capt. A.
N. Evers
and
Capt. G .
Haggard
with a
score
of 3 down .
The prizes were
presented b y Colonel
Young, after which the Annual General
Meeting was
held.
The minutes of the last Annual General
Meeting were
read
and confirmed.
A telegram from Lt .-Col.
Brickman
apologising for absence
>;\
'
as
read .
A heari-y
vote
of
thanks to
Major Bed
nall for carrying out the duties of Captain
for
the past year, and
for
Pi
s e n t i n g
pnzes
for the winner of the best net score in
Singles and for the winners of the Bogey
Foursomes was carried unanimously.
The
following
were
elected or re-elected
as Officers for
1934-35:
Captain-Major T. A.
Meek.
Hon.
Sec
.-Captain O. D. Garratt .
Committee-Lt.-Col.
T.
L.
Rogers,
Lt .-Col. 1. P . Brickman, Major R.
G.
Stanham.
t was decided to
hold
the Autumn Meet
ing, 1934, at the Ald :rshot Command Golf
Club,
and the Summer IVleeting, 193 5, at
Wentworth.
A
proposition
by Lt.-Col.
Cockburn
for
holding a
Spring
Meeting
\\
'as dis
cussed, and
after
consideration
it
was de
cided
to
circularise all members
to
ascer-
tain
their
views
. .
t was decided to institute
a
st
arting
sheet for all future meetings.
Votes of
thanks were
a c c o r d
to
Majors
Stanham, Bednall and Meek, and Capt.
Swe eny for representing the Corps in th e
Arm y Team Championships at St.
Andrews, and to Colonel Youn g for pre
i d i n g
at thi s
meeting.
Autumn
Meeting.
The
Autumn Meeting
\\ill
be held
at the Aldershot Command
Golf
Club
on
Monday,
O
ctober
1st. Full
particulars
and entry forms
have
been cir
culated.
MATCHES.
Versus Exchequer and Audit Dept. Played
at
PurIey Downs on
Thursda)7,
31st I
Ha
v.
This \\'as a six a side match and result ed in
a win for th e R .A.P.C . by
st
matches to
.3t , the
detailed
results bein g as follows :-
SINGLES.
R.A.P.C. E.
& A.
DEPT
.
Major Meek t Mr.
Harb
y
Major Bednall
(4 & 3)
Capt . Sweeny
Lt.-Co .
Brickman
(6
&
5)
I Mr. Kench 0
o
Mr. Smart
(5 &
3)
1
300
Ca
pt. Garratt
Lt.
-Cb ,
Grant
(7 & 5)
I Mr.
Chambers
0
o Mr. Stewart (2&r)
J
I
Mr. T owell
o
FOURSOMES.
Garratt
&
Grant
0
Meek & Sweeny
I
up)
I
Bednall & Brickman
(5 & 4) I
2
Harby
.& T o
weJl
(2 & I)
K ench & Smart
0
tewart & Cham-
bers 0
Versus
War
Office. Played at Effingham
Manor on Tuesday, 26th June. This
was
arranged
as
eight a
side, but
the War
THE ROYAL ARMY
PAY
CORPS JOURNAL
Office team was uufortuna
tely
one si t
I I . . lor
,
t lUS ma ,lI1g It
necessary
to r>lay o n ~ of
the ~ a t c h e s as a
three-ball.
The
result -",as
a WID for tl:e Office by 6t
matches
to
S, the detaIls belllg as follows :_
R.A.P.C.
Major Stanham
3
&
2)
SINGLES.
WAR
OFFICE.
I Capt. Ransford
Capt.
Johnstone
3 & I)
I
Col. Cole
o
I
o
Major Meek
Capt. Milling
(4 &
'
2)
Capt. Sweeny
(I up)
Capt. Howard
Capt.
Garratt
I Mr. Apps 0
Mr.
Apps
t
o Mr.
Grant
(I up)
Mr . Simmons
Lt.-Col. Golding 0
6
&
4)
Brigadier
Ml1sson
0
Col. HowelJ (5&4)
J
FOURSOMES.
Stanham
& Meek Ransford & John-
3 & 2) I stone
Sweeny
& Howard -
o
I up) I Col. Cole
o
Apps & Grant
Garratt
& Golding
0 7
& 6)
I
Howell
& Simmons
Milling & Musson 0 (I up)
I
2
2
COMPETITIONS.
'Campbell
Todd' Cup.
The
competition
fOl:
this Cup runs from
1st Ju ly.
to 31st
December, and is
on handi
cap
agalllst bogey. The
number of strokes
take? each hole must be shewn. There is
no IIml.t
to the number
of
cards which
can
be put by each .competitor, but they must
be forwarded to the Hon. Sec . in the calen
dar month in which they were taken out .
Half-Yearly Spoon-June 30th, 1934,
p r e s ~ n t e d by
Lt.-Col.
E. W . Hart-Cox.
WIDner :-Lt.-Col. H. Golding
2
up
.
Capt.
O. D. Garratt, I
down.
'
Eastern Command, Aldershot Command & War Office
Knock-Out Competition.
1st
Round.
I
Capt.
Marshall
Capt. Oliver
Lt.
Holman
I
Capt.
Buck
2nd Round.
3
6
}
.
(28) OlIver
w/o
3rd Round.
} Olivec
(,
&
,
(24)
1
(26) J Holman
(I
up)
Lt-Col.
Hart-Cox (19) } Broadhurst 3 & 2)
Capt.
Broadhurst lb)
Major
Stanham
Capt.
Garratt
(6) )
14) r
tanham (I up)
Lt-Col. Brickman (I2)} .
Ca
pt. Milling
(10)
Bnckman
4
&
2)
Lieut. Thies
Major Meek
Capt. Ingpen
Capt.
Woods
(13) }
(12)
Woods
3 & 2)
Capt. Sweeny (6) }
Lt.-Col. Rogers (14) Rogers 2 & I)
Capt.
Sayers (24) }
Major Bednall 7)
}
Lt .-Col. Hackett 3
6
) Capt. Sayers 5 4) Bednall 8 & 6)
3
01
4th Round.
Final.
} O
liv" (,
up)
} St.nh.m
(,
up)
]j
Q:
::I
e
'
} Meek (, & c)
..c
=
'
-.
-
.r
e
-
l
J Bednal1 2 up)
;
=
Q
c::::l
-
8/10/2019 1934 Autumn
6/27
1'HE ROvAL AR1VIV PAY CORPS JOURNAL
Corps News-Officers
rom The Londo'n Gazette
ROYAL
ARMY PAY
C O R P ~
Lt. (Asst. Paym.) F. W. Coop
r
to be Capt. ( .sst.
P ,tymr.) (July 3).
Lt (Asst. Pay'lnr.) C. H .
Parratt
to be Capt.
Pa Illr.) (Ju ly 18) . _
Capt.
J.
R Burne,
R.A.
, to be Capt . and Paymr.
(on prob.) {April 3).
LL. J.
P. N
Wh
i
tty
(Inte R Sussex
R .
P aymr.
(on prob.) to 'be t emp.
apL. (Aug
ust
10)
.
Lt. (Asst .
Payrqr,) J.
F eehally to be Capt. (Asst.
Pa
ymr.) (August 15). .
Maj. and
Paymr. H
A. D. Bocke
tt-Pugh ret
Ir es
on ret. pay (Augu t
21)
.
L t,.
R.
vV . T. Marden, M.B.E ,
f 'Om
Dor set, R ,
to I e Lt. and Paymr. (August 22 , 1932) , and to be
temp.
Capt
.
(Augnst
22.
1933):
Lt.
and
Paymr
.
(temp. C::t
lt.) H
W. T. Mard rn, NLl3.E. , to be
C::tpt. and Paymr . (August
2'2),
W th sen. August
22, 1932.
Half-yearly Brevet.
The fo
Jl
owi.
ng
p,l'omotion is
made
(July 1)
:- .
To be Bt. Majo r. Capt. and P aymr. F . T. Bam es,
RA.P.C.
Annual Dinner
Th
e 14th Annual Dinner of the Royal
Arm y Pay Corps was he ld
at
the Nava l
and Military Club, Piccadilly on 6th July,
1934. In addi
ti
pl1 to Col. Commandan
t.
J.
C. Armstr
ong, C.B
. , C.M.G . , followmg
were
amon
gs
t
h o ~ e present
Brigadier
A.
1. Musson.
Co
lonels H .
Duesbury,
H .
C.
Ellis, H. Genge
Andrews, E.
A.
Lang,
L.
J . Ligh
tfoot
, R W . Mac
fie
, W. S.
Ma
ckenzie,
H.
G. Ri ley,
C.
C. Todd,
E. E. E.
Todd
, and R. A. B. Y O l ~ n
Lt
. -Colonels J. G. Anderson, R. W. l
\nd
erson,
C. J . Barl'adell, G.
H.
Charlton, N. Forde,
H .
Golding , E. W. Grant, C. Holrnes, J. G. Ma c
Cri lldJ e, G. W.
'e
lson, P.
L.
Oldham . T. L .
Rog
ers,
J
. l1we
l'S,
A . \1,,1.
M.
C.
Skinner, and
F.
Vldal.
l\bjors
F. T. B:1ines,
C. T. d n a l l ,
E. C.
Eth
el'
ington , T. H. Grant,
A.
Greenwood, W. P almer.
It.
H
Sayer, R
H.
Smyth
,
R
G. St:1nham,
and
H. W. Taylo1'.
.
Captains
R
C.
de V . Askin,. A. E. Bm low, L. 1. F,
B:1rton, G. S.
Bates
, J. Bellm an, .J. VII. Br ennall ,
A.
G. W.
Bro
adh urst, R
.D .
Bu ck, B.
L.
Burgess.
J. H.
Clowes, H . H. Cotli er ,
R.
S. Ellicott ,
A.
N
Evel's,
A. J.
Hopkins, R L. L. Ingpen. E.
R.
K e
Uy.
H. ' H.
l\
Jalpass,
W.
Mar shall , E. L. Munn, B. Sant,
F Spil bury, and J. G. Wood,. .
L ie
ut
e
nants
J. Feeha lly , and W. n. Thles.
NOTIC E.
The Uon ora ry Sec
J{ta
ry Old Comrades Associatioll
wi shes to bring to th e of all members that
a fresh stock of lape l I adg es has b
ee
n obtfLined and
are now on sale at
1/
- each
PORt
"free.
APPOINTMENTS
.
Lieutenant" olonr l E. J::tm es, D.S.
O.
, LC .
Th
e
Ea
st Lancashire Regim ent,
ha
s been appointed
Olft 'er-in -c harge of Infantry Re ord :Ll1d Pay Of ice.
York,
with
e
ffe
ct from November 8, 1934.
LieutenanL-Colonel S.
R.
l\lcClintock, D,R.O., 11
,.,
Gordon
Highlanders . has been appoi.nted Officer-
in
ch
arge
of InFantl'y Record and P ay Office, LeIt
h,
with effect from December 16,
19
34.
. Li uten :1
nt
-Colonel McClintock c-ommand the old
92nd
at
l
\l
d
er
hot, which is leav
in
for Gibral
t:1r on
October 16.
At
Le
ith
he succeeCls olollel A. R.
MacA llan, whose tenur e exp
ir
es in December. Be
join
ed th e Gordons during th e
BoeT
War, was
adjutant
of th e 4th Ba ttalion
at
Abe
rcl
eep and
0. 0.
it
in
Fran
ce, ns
we
ll as of th e 7th Batt:t1lon s
of Th
e
'A . and S
.H
. and The Black Watc h and 3rd Battalion.
Th e S
co
tti sh Ri fies. H e wns wounded twi
ce
and
award
ed th e D.S.O .
and
clnsp.
Colonel Al
ex
and
er
M. vVilson, D.S.O. , took over
th e duti es o[
Offi
cer-in-charge , R ecord and
Pay Office,
Deptfol'cl, succession
t,o
Colonel
C.
W.
Hortol1
,
D,S.O. , on August 25.
Colonel Wi l
so
n has been 011. half-p,ny sin ce Sept
ember. when he vac
'l.
ted the appointment of A. slstant
Dir
ector of Supp li es and T ranspo
rt
at
Ule
head
quar ters of the Western Command, Cheste
r. Be
was promol,ed
co
lonel in 1929.
Co lone l H a lTY F. B. S. Moore, O.B.E. ,.
was
ap pointe
1 Offi
cer-in- ch
arge
of
th
e Royal .
Eng l1 eers
Re
('I'd and
Pay Offi
ce, with
effect
from
3 1.
Colonal Mool:e has h
ee
n a sap per sin ce
1902
,
a
nd
has held appointments as a Sllecial . Bes rve and
Territorial Force
::tdj
ui;an t . Aft er serVJce l1 Oal hp oh
he was
sta
ff
offi
cer to
th
e Engineer-in
-Chi
ef
of
the
Egyptian
E xpEditionary lTorce, and _ lad
em
p,
loyrne
nt
und
er
th e Col0111 al
Offi ce 111
Promoted heutenant- colonel I I I 1928. be became
a
colonel at
the
end of 1932.
3
0
2
POSTINGS.
Capt. H . H. Morrell. Woolwich to York ,
16
/7/
34.
Capt. (Bt. Major)
E
T. C. Smith, York
R.)
to
Wool wich. 16/7/ 34.
Ca
pt,. J. A. Bedford, Southern Cmd. to N.LD.,
16/7/ 34.
Cap t. H. P . Pa
rk
, N .I. D. to
Woo
l
wi
h,
16
/: /
34.
Capt. L. G. Daisb,
Woo
lwich to
Southc1'1I C0 1l1
(
1.
,
16/7 /34.
Lt .-Col. F. P. Vicl:11, O.B.E. , Western
Cm
u. to
N.I.D.
,
28/8
/34. "
t
Major E.
N.
Booth , M.C., N.I.D. to
\ov es
el'll
Omd., B 834 934
M:1jor F. C. Robins , Egypt to London, 1 , .
Major F. A. Woods , Soulhel1l Cmd. to
Eg)r
t
.
6/9 / 34. .
I
apt. H . G.
En
s
olL
, Lic
hfi
eld (.0
WOolWIC1,
17/9/34.
ENGAGEMENT.
CA
(>T
,II N
IT
R. HT CHARD ON ,1
Nl;> LE
\ i n
Th c
ngaO'
emcnt is ll l11lOl1TICe
cl
betwcclI .Ipt.
r
Fmnk Richnrclson. RA,P, '. , thll;l1 so n I
th
htt
c
bl'.
J.
C. Ryd
cl Riehnrcl
so
n . of
~ m l l ~
haITI , Suffolk
:1
d of Mrs.
Ryc1
cl' )l lc
hRrd
50
n.
'Sir
J oa,n MHry Le Bas. onlv d l 1 t i ~ h t of the
Hed ley Le Bas and 01 Lady Le Bus, The
an ,
Kelsal
e,
uffolk.
THE ROVAL
ARMV
PAV CORPS JUURNAL
Contract Bridge
By Lt.-Col. J.
GROSE (late R
.A.)
.
The
chief item
of Contract
Brid
ge
news
this
qu
arte
r is the
large increase
in th e
number
of
tournaments
and m
atc
hes that
are
taking place all
over the
\yorld.
Several Clu bs ex ist chiefly for
the purpose
of
organis
ing
competitions.
In
th e S ummer number of the journal
r e a d ~ r s
were advised to form fours, and b ;
plaYlDg together once or tv\'ice a week to
work e m s e ~ e s up ' int o a team which
wo uld soon
be
ab le to compete wi th othe r
teams
c o m p o s ~ d
per
h
aps,
of
individually
stronger pl
aye
rs. They \\'ill find th at
every
m
ember
of a t
eam
that
prac
ti ces
regularly
toge th er and pl
ays matches
IN
henever
it ca n
will im
prove
sur p rising ly as aq
individual
player, wh ile t h ~
team
spi
rit
that is devel
oped
makes
them a
formidable comb
i
nation
and e
nh ances the fascination
of
the game.
Anyone
who is
keen
to
have care
fully
read
through th ese
articles
and
tri
ed
the
prob
lems is
capab
le of captaining
suc
h
a team . He
\I
ilI h
ave
to
buy
a
good
book,
of course, for reference,
but
the framework
of th e approach-forcing
sys
tem has been
depict ed here an d some of the
niceties
of
t h ~ ca lling been sketched. Practice
and discussion
\I
ill do the rest so far as that
part of
the
game is concerned.
.
It
mu st be admi tted th at, hitherto, very
lIttle has beeg prin ted in the Journ al about
the play of t h ~ hand.
It
was natural to
deal with the bidding thoroughly first. But
Shakespeare was right \yhen he said The
pla y' s
th
e thing. Th e most brilliant
caller will
co
me
to
gr
ief if
he
m e s s ~ s
up
the
play
of
th
e
cards
, good
card
play is responsible both for escaping and
for mar kin g up many a
fat
pena lt y. Apart
from Slam
bon
uses, wH
ich
should
never be
attempted
unless souqd
pl
ay
ca n
be counted
on, m o r ~ than a
thousand
point s may
be
turned over
from
one side to the other by
a single p iece of pretty ,,"ork in pl
aying
out the
cards.
The
fanciful n ot ion th
at
all g reat p layers
are p o s s e s s ~ c 1 of a sL"{
th
sense, called card
sense , is ba ld erda sh .
Sk
ill comes
more
easily to some than; to others, but it is a
bra nch of o;rdil1ary'
intelligence, po
lished
up and apphed t t h ~ particu lar
problems
I I I h ~ n d by much prac ti
ce
and thought .
PractIce al
one
gets
one
nowhere as is
proved by the g reat number oC
persons
who
play a lmost
i n c ~ s s a n t l
and
very
badly.
And much of the thinking
has to
be done
at. other tim es, for
frequent
'
long
pauses
d U ~ l l l g
t h ~
play
are boring
to
the
ot
hers b e s l d ~ s bemg th e mark of medioc
ri t
y.
Not
th at
there
is
any
ob jecti
on to
a
player
st
opp
ing
to work
o
ut
a
partlc
ular
problem or
to tqink
when there
is some
~ h i n
to th.ink abo
ut
.
g o ~ d
e r s do
It . But tIllS only
happens
occasiona
ll
v
and
at
other times th ey play without t i n g
a moment .
. T h ~ play of the hand
begins from
the
when t h ~ cards are
picked
up, for
dUrIng the ca
lhn g,
th e In telligence
Depart
ment should be hard at " 'ork collecti I1 O' in
form
atio
ll
wh
ich
ma y'
be
of
va
lue in th e
p lay as \ V ~ l l as in th e
bidding.
A
certain
teach
er of Contract al
ways
te lls h i ~
pup il
s
to lo
ok
at
the ot
her hands first. Vou will
h
ave
plenty of time,
he
says, to look
at yo ur own
cards after
-
wards
." This is
humorous,
but it is
profound wisdom
too,
for du in?,
th
.e
pre liminary stages,
ally
and
every
mdlcatlOl1 of
the
con t
ents
of
the other
thr ee
~ n d s sho
ul d
be studied,
a th oro
ugh
reconnaIssance
made and its results not for
gotten whe
n Dummy goes dml'll.
I f as Z yo u are playing a game contract,
when
A has led
and V's hand
goes down
on
th e table, do not
imm
ed
iatel
y pull ou t a
card from Dummy.
That
is the
time
to
plan out the play of the
hand.
A few
second s spent in
cons
ideration then ,,ill be
more
th
an
made
up by your
bellO'
ab
le
to
play w
ith
out
hesitation
later. If
play
the first
card hastily,
yo u mav
make an
irretrie
vab le s
li
p
and rack
br ai
ns
ill
va in for a remed y
afterwards.
The \I'[iter
gave
him self (and
his
pa
rtn
er) a
sharp
les son
in this the
oth
er
day. As Z, he was
playing
a
contract
of Three
No
-Trumps ,
vu
ln
erable.
-
8/10/2019 1934 Autumn
7/27
THE ROYAL ARl\fY PAY CORPS JOURNAL
+ A.K.IO-4
A.J.I O4
O K.6
+
J.lo5
D
872
\/ K.6
O Q.J . l o 54
+
K3
2
A led the Seven of Hearts and no
sooner
had
Y
rut
down
'
his cards, than the writer
pulled
out the Jack.
f
\/7 \I
'ere the fourth best of
A's
longest
suit a
common
lead against a No-Trump
decl'arati on, A must
have
the Q u e ~ n
him
self, of course. So Z
e x p ~ c t e d to win
, the
trick " '
ith the Jack
. But
as
it
happened,
the S e v ~ n
" 'as A's high
est
Heart, and B
played
the
Queen
. Z
saw
that if
he
pla yed
his Kin
g
on the
Q u ~ e n
he mi
g
ht never
get in to make
the
Diamonds.
He
there
fore p l a y ~ d the Six and hoped for
the
b ~ s t
B led a Club up to
Dummy's
weakness and
A , taking the trick with the Queen. led
anotber
Heart.
and away went
Z's
King.
Z
no\\' led a Diamond and
put
on
Dummy's
Kin g, but B did not put on t h ~ Ace till the
second round; and as A
hdd
the Ace
,of
Clubs,
not another Diamond was made. and
Z, \yith all that strength,
was
two down
on hi s contract
The moment he had touched tile Jack
of
Hearts to pla y it on the first trick, Z
saw
that
by pla y
ing the
Ace
instead, and then
leac1in O' the King of
Diamonds and
follow
ing if
the Ace
were
not
put 0 ~ 1 witp, a
small
one,
he could
make certal11 of the
game and rubber, no
matter
how
the ad
verse
cards
lay. But it was too
late then.
When planning the play of the hand, if
your Contract is a big
one, four
of a major
suit
or
five of a
minor,
count your
un
avoidable losers first , and thell concentrate
011 making-
the
contract if by any conceiv
able distribution of t h ~ opp
osing hands it is
pos
sible . '
+ x. x .x
Q.IO .X.X.x
O x .x
+ J.IO.X
=:J
A.K.x.x.
+
A.K.Q
.x .x
O A.J.IO
\/ X
Z started \I 'ith a demand bid of "T\I'o
Clubs", and the final Contract \I'as "Five".
A-I3
did not bid.
A led a sm all Dia11lond, B play ed the
King and
Z
took the trick with
his Ace .
He
then
took out the trumps.
and
esta
b
lished the thirteenth
Spade
with the lo
ss
of
the
Queen
. But
he
was
set
one trick, for
he
had
to
lose,
besides the Qu e
en of
Sp
ades,
th
e
Queen
of
Diamonds and
one H eart.
Ho\\' should he have pla yed the hand ?
He
could count two certain losers, the
of Diamonds and o
ne
H eart . What
about his two small Spades? They must
be
trumped
someho
w .
He
c ~ u \ l.ead ba.ck
a
Diamond
and
when he
gets 111 agam,
throw a Spade
from
Dummy on his t h ~ f l
Diamond.
H e can
then
trump the thIrd
and fourth Spades
before
taking out the
trumps.
So far so
go
od. But
he
will have to
Set
th e lead
back into his o\,yn
hanel atter
trumping
the
third
Spade
before can
trump
the fourth.
This he
can
do by lea
c
in g
Dummy's
small
trump
to one of
hIS
O VD top honours . T he 1 ponent who held
the Queen of Diamonds, however would
be pretty certain to
tU11lble
to h,ls game
when he saw him take out Dummy's
last
Diamond.
He
would surely lead a trump
and scupper the wbole scheme. Z l 1 l d
therefore first lead his Heart as less hkely
to give a way
his tactics.
304
The hand occurred in a duplicate match,
and at the other
table where
the o
ther
t ~ m
\\'ere pl
ay ing the
" Five Club"
the first
trick was
t h ~ same; but
Z
led
hI:>
He art to
the second
and B took it \\'Ith
~ h e
, h K lg
King and led a
Spade
. Z put on IS .
and
led the
Jack of Diamonds.
A
\I
'
on
with the
Queen
and quickly led trumps.
THE ROYAL ARMY
PAY
CORPS
JOURNAL
Z won it with the Que en, led Ace of
Spades, and folloll'ed it with a small one
\\
'hich he trum ped \\ 'ith
Dummy's Ten.
Then he got back into his o,,'n hand by
trumping
Heart
s, and the rest was easy .
t is tru e
that Dummy's
play to t b ~ first
trick is oft en obvi ous.
but
the best players
cultivate the habit of making a rapid ap
preciation
of the situation before playin g it .
The cultivati on of the right habits is
no
unimportant branch of the art of
card-pla
y .
For instan ce, if
yo
u are leading off a Kin g
from
Ace-Kin
g , ",hen
openin
g the defence
play against a suit de
claration
(and a
very
good ope
nin
g it is) ,
watch
your partner' s
card.
f he \\
'is
he
s y ou to
continue
th e
suit,
he
will pla y hig h-low. MallY
persons, when
they
follo\\'
their
King
with their
Ac e, and
see
their partner play
a
Four
(say) , find
they do not remember what he pla yed to
the Kin
g-
.
CONTRACT PROBLEM. (I) (11).
+
J.6
42
\) A .4.2
O Q-4 .2
+
K.
4
.2
A.Q.IO53
\/ 5 3
O K .J.IO5 3
Q
Z
is playing
the declaration of
" F o
ur
Spades" , A-B did
not
bid. Ho ' s
hould
Z play
the
hand
:
( l ) f A leads the
Eight
of
Heart
s ?
(IT)
f
A leads Ace and then. a small
Diamond. and Dummy 's Queen
" ' InS
the
second trick, B having- follo\\'ed suit?
PROBLEM
Ill
+ A.IO.8
\/KJA 2
O A .6
rl
Z is pla ying the
hand
at a
declaration
of
"Four H eart s
". T h ~ bidding
was:
Z A Y B
r 1 20
2\/ 4\/
A leads
the Ace
of
Clubs
. What
should
Z do?
(Solutions will be f ound
pa
344l
OLD COMRA D ES ASSOCI A
TIO
N
CO
MM
ITTE
E N
OTES
Sin ce th e last publication of t he " Journ al". the
Man age men t Committ ee ha ve met monthly \\'it h
th
e
excep
tIOn
of August . F
our
a ppli cat ions for assist .
ance W1e d
ea
lt w.ith, G l ants were made in thl'ee
cases and
the
fourth was refe
l
red to th e GenE 'a I
o m m i t L be illg ou' side t he power of th e
Man agement Commi t tee,
Co
rl'esponde nce on various subj ects was dea lt
With, and seve
l
al applica
tion
s in respect of variou s
se
l
Vces on behalf of Old C
omr
ades
\\'
6re sa tis f
ac.
tOl'ily dea
lt
with ,
Th e ques tion of
In
com e Tax on Associa tion
Fund
s
has
not
ye t been
sett
led to
th
e sa ti s fa
ct
ion of t he
C
ommittee
and
it
is
int
end ed to tak e
th
e mat
te
l up
ag;)
in when c
ir
cumstan
cES
a re mor e fa v
our
able,
Th e General Commi t t ee m
et
on
t.h
e 4th J uly.
1 9 ~ 4 In
th
e una voidabl e absence of Mr. Sh arp ,
th e members nonll natd S,Q.M.S ergt . Mundy Cha
ir
.
man. Th e other members
pr
etie
nt
were
Mr
. .
Thurgood , S,Q.M,S e l g ts, G. W , Mit chener,
F.
B,
.Mitchll , C:rpt. A, A , Gawn, CoL H . Du esbul'Y .
Hon, Tr eas urer, al.d
Mr
. E. J,
W.
Browue, Honor.
ary Secretar.).
Th e C
ommittee
of Manageme
nt
l'ep'orted
that th
ey
had only one Item to bying before the Committee in
conn ec ti on wi th
th
e annual general meeting , viz.,
th at Offi ce R e
pr
esentatives should be empOWEred
to
make a payment of 5 to a
Dl
emb er 's widow. Th e
ma tt er had been Id t to t he Man ageme
nt
C
omnlit.
tee and t.he wh ole quesfjon _deferred to the next
annu al meetin g. Th e Man age ment Committ ee
sta ted
th
eir vi ews. and tlie mat te r was discussed
at
length , and it is hop ed
to
h iIYe a ati sfactory
solu t ion ,
,,
hen
th
e ma tter c
om
es up at
th
e annu al
meeting.
Th
e st.a tement of accounts and report of th e
Dinner C
ommitt
ee were
pr
esented, a
ppr
oved, and
a
dopt
ed.
Le
tt
ers received from th e
Pr
eside
nt and
various
memb
er
s ex press
in
g th eir pleasure at th e dinner
arr
angm ent s were read , a nd
th
e Committee e
x
e s s e
th e
ir th
anks to
th
e
Pr
eside
nt
and others
conce rn ed.
Th e
Honorar
y Secre
tar
y repOlted
th
at he had
complied with t.he proposa l to send a l
et
ter of
apprecia tion to Sergt . Pond and read
th
e reply he
had received. .
Ot.hEl ma
tt
ers refe
rr
ed from
th
e Manageme
nt
C
ommitt
ee inclnded an appli
ca
tion for assista n
ce,
which th e C
ommitt
ee decided, with regr
et
,
co
uld
not be en ted ain ed.
Th e C
ommitt
ee repor t with regret th e deaths of
two mem bers, o , 407 MI', A. Fliday a t H ouns,
low. and o . 930
Major
R. W. P. L odw:ck at
C
amb
erl ey.
VariollS oth er matt ers having been d
ea
lt wi th
th e meet ing th en -closed.
E. J. W.
BROWNE
, Hon. Sec l taI'Y. '
-
8/10/2019 1934 Autumn
8/27
THE
ROYAL ARMY.
PAY
COR PS JOU
RNAL
hanghai
By Sg t. P. M. LEE.
Shanghai is a revelation to a newcomer.
It
has
been sty led many things , the
"Paris
of the East" or the "Incredible
City", but
n one seem suitable to desc rib e this extra
ordinary place. To say that Shanghai is
incredibl e is putting it
mildly.
At first the
visitor is not
inclined
to believe his olvn
senses
but
eventuall)
; the truth of thi s
hybrid
city breaks down
all reserves and
th e startlin g
facts are
forced
on our un
accustomed European minds. One ha
s to
visit Shanghai
to
realise
th a t th
ere are
sti ll
some things one does not
wish
to beli eve .
Those who have travelled
East
of Suez are,
no doubt, entit led to believe t h ~ y possess a
fair
idea
of what Shanghai is like, but even
the hardened
traveller
is not altogether pre
pared for what is in
store
for
him
whe n he
sails
up
the
Wangpoo.
From Gibraltar
to
Ho ng Kong the many
changes
of scenes
are
, in a
manner,
antici
pated,
but
in
the
other
goo
miles
from
Ho n
g Kong
many
a
surprise
is
held
in
every
mile .
There
are man
y
strange sights to be seen
in
Shang-hai . The
nativ
es dress in anything
from a European lounge suit to a bare rag.
The
Coolies, the most subjected type in
the world, are an object of p it y, and in
many cases, disgust . Here. where all the
race
s of the East and West intermix, so
me
fantastical forms
of appare l are
inevitable.
The
C o s s ~ c k hat, the
Basque
beret, the
Yankee
check
and our
own sober
trilby
and
bowler
are
equally
pop
ular.
The
native
sku
ll
cap
is usually
worn
hy the
Chinese. The
eterna
l "dress question" is
as strong here amongst the dau
g
hters
of
Eve
as
in
a
ny
E u
ropean city. Th
e
I ~ i g h e r
class
Chin
ese l
ady dr
esses
in the
finest of
silk and
bea
u tiful creations are seen.
The
"s p
lit
kirt", divided
at
the sides from
ankl e to hip is very much in evidence,
and if th e is to ex oose delicate under
wear and dainty lim bs, the ob ject meets
with a fair amount of succ ess . t \\ 'c:, ld
never do f
or
a
Chinese
lady to
be in
a hurry
getting on a
bus.
The 'ik h no lice
in native dre
ss and the
Annamite police of the French Concession
with
their
c o n ~ h
ats
add to the conglomera
tion of col
our
a
nd types. Stro
lling in
the
-
8/10/2019 1934 Autumn
9/27
THE
ROYAL ARMY PAY CORPS JOURNAL
Our hess Page
TH
E CU RIOUS I N CH ESS .
Final Article.
So
,,ide is this subject,
that
only
the
merest
fringe
of it can
be dealt with in
three short
articles.
We
have already
in
our
two preceding numbers given various
curious problems
which
serve
as
illustra
tions of the theme, and we no\\" append
three further instances of actual problems
which have points of both interest and
curiosity.
The
first one has a curious layout of the
black pawns, and the
forced
moves
of each
one after the key, v hich is a
move
of the
knight,
gives
white a separate loop-hole
to
No. I
By
Le
De
Szasz.
Black
(7 pieces)
White
(6
pieces)
White
to play
and
mate in two moves.
mate.
The
great difficul ty in the construc
tion of these task
prob
l
ems
lies iD the
prevention
of "cooks",
or
other
keys
. In
this
o n ~
the
composer has very
cl
everly
avoided
them.
The second
one
owes
its
cur i
ous
t u rn
to the
fact
of
the White Queen
origina
lly
moving to
I3ishop's third and
forcing
the
Black
King to
his
Knight's
eighth.
The
Queen then clwcks at Quee
.
1
S
third
and
so
on, gradually see-sawing
lip
the
board to Rook's eighth when he mates
on
his K. Rook's square.
The
presence of
the
white pawns is to prevent the mates
taking
place earlier, the white
King
also
serving in a similar capacity.
3
08
The
third pOSItIOn by the famous com
poser of
"Fairy Chess"-Mr. T .
R.
Daw
son, is solved by moving the ,,hite rook
to
King's
fourth,
King's
third ,
Queen's
eighth
or
Queen' s seventh,
according
to
the
directi
on the
Board
is turned.
No. 2.
By S.
R.
Barrett.
Black (3 pieces)
White
(5
r ieces)
Wh ite to play and mate in
12
moves-
commenci
ng
Queen-B
3, etc.
No
. 3.
By T. R. Dawson.
Black (g pieces)
WhiteJ3 pieces)
White
to play and mate in
t,, o moves,
from
any of
the four
sides of
the
board
Problem
No. IQ
(See
page
270 .)
Key-Queen
to
K .B .
3rd
.
If Knight takes Queen, White mates by
K night
to
Queen's third.
If
black
~ n i g h t to Bishop's 7th, Queen
TH E ROYAL ARMY PAY CORPS JOURNAL
m a ~ e s
by playing to Bishop's
3rd, const
i
tut1l1g a self block .
If
the black bishop moves, White Queen
takes the pa\vn, etc., etc.
T h ~ problem is an illustration of a
pure
"waiter", the mates all being set
out
awaiting Bl
ack's
moves
.
The
key retains
the
block
entirely.
So
lved
by
C.
Turnbu
ll ;
"R.V.";
"Well-wisher";
"W.S . ; and
two
solvers
with no nom-de-plume.
Dr.
Alekhin
easily won his
match
against Herr Bogoljuboff by a l
arge margin.
There
is talk of
another
match with Capa
blanca,
but
this
is
doubtfu
l.
I t
seems
more likely
that
o n ~ of the
younger school of p layers, such as
Flohr
-or Kashdan
or
Li lienthal the young
French
player, may
p l
ay him.
These
matches invo
lve a
considerab
le strain and
at
present the
h a m p i o ~ can, to
a 'grea t
extent, make h is
own conditions.
A curious point in the famous match
with Capab lanca played
at
Buenos Aires
,vas that every game but one was a Queen's
Gambit declined . When Dr. Alekhine
ventured into a French Defence, he was
rapid ly beaten .
The recent
Congress he
ld at
h e s t ~ r
was
a great success
and
the
British
Ch
ampion
ship
was won
by
Sir e o r g ~ Thomas
again
a quadrup le International. The
veteran
pl
ayer, R. P. Mitchell, tied
wi
th
Fairhurst,
the Scottish Champion, for
the
second
place, whilst
Rupert
Cross, the blind
player, was only half a point away.
Arrangements for the International Team
Championships at Warsaw, are now well
nncler way, for
next
year.
Amongst
the
games appended is the
shortest one
at
the recent Chester Congress.
Ga
me No.
24.
Whit
e.
P. T . St,evenson.
1 P-K4
2 Kt---KB3
3
P-Q 4
4
B-QB4
5 P-QB3
6
Q-Q5
7 QxPch
8 B -K6
mat
e.
Black.
N. Maclean.
1 P-K4
2 Kt---QB3
?I PxP
4 B- K2?
5 PxP
6
P-Q3 ??
7 K-Q2
Game
No. 25.
. P layed and c l e v ~ r l y won
by
S .
S. M
. F lear
-at Colchester. against one of the best
l)layers in Essex.
309
QUEE S
PAWN GAME
The fo
ll
owing game was played in the
Co
lchester
Chess CluL
's
summer toUrt16Y. Not es by the
winner.
White.
E. H. FIeat'.
1
P-Q4
;
K t ~ K B
3
P-B 4
4 B-Q2
5 QxB
6 P-K3
Black.
T. Rohinson.
1 Kt-- -KB3
2 P-K3
3 8 -K t5 h
4 BxBcb
5 P-Q4
6 Kt - I\5
In view of the exchange. of his KB , the adoption
here of a stonewall fOl1natlOn by Black is probably
inferior , as his Black squares are left weak.
7 Q-B2 7 K t---Q2
8 B-Q3 8 P-KBt;
9 Kt---B3 9
P-B3
10 0 -0 10
0 - 0
11 QR-B1 Q-K1
12
P-QIVI
12
P-QR4
13 Kt---K2 13
P-K4
Black is concf.I'ned for the freedom of his QB a
more patient line was safer. '
14 P xKP 14 K txKP
15 KtxK.t 15 QxKt
16 PXP 16
PxP
17
Kt---B4 17 K-R l
To allow QxKt if White plays KtxBP.
18 KR-Q1
18
P-Q5
19 BxKt 19 PxP
20 PxP 20 QxB
B;ere PxB . t l i c ~ g h ~ o l a t i n g the pawn, would have
achieved the all Important freedom of the Bishop.
21 Q-Kt3
:r
hi s
confines t ~ e B and gives
Whit
e some superi
onty, as R-Q4 IS threate ned. coupled with a pos
sibility of a
Kt
sacrifice at Kt6 .
R-R3
22
R-B7
22 R-Q:a3
This loses qui c
kl,.
B.lack completely overlooked
the effect of Whlte s next move. QR-KB3 is best
after which , although Whit/' has th e adYal1tage
quick line for White is not apparent. '
23 Q-B7
Tt is impossiLle to
parry
every mate
24 K-R1
25 QxRch
A
smart
finish
23 QxKPch
24 R-KKtJ
Resigns.
ANSWERS
TO CORRESPONDENTS
Capt.
R.V
.-V ery fine game which r hope to p'ub-
lish-many tbanks . .
P.F.-Yes they play every evening , all the year
round, at a
lar
ge.
cafe in
th
e main square near the
station at Amsterdam.
A.C.-The key is Qu een to Queen' s fourth .
Nemo.-Send along the game and I will analyse it.
Will
all
c o r r ~ s p o n d e n t s address letters to
Sergt. V . Rush, Command _
Pay
Office ,
,Hong Kong, China.
-
8/10/2019 1934 Autumn
10/27
THE ROYAL ARMY PA Y COR PS JOURNAL
--------
The Royal
rmy Pay Corps
n reland
Immediately
prior
to the 1St
May,
1905,
Station Pay Offices
dealing
with Regimen-
tal services were
situated at Armagh,
Omagh, Galway, Naas, Clonme
l and
Tr alee.
Station and District offices were com-
bined
at
Belfast, Curragh, Cor.k and Dub
lin, the last under the direct control of
the
Chief Paymaste r in Dublin. Cash duties
were performed in all t h ~ s e offices .
There was also
the
office of the Local
Auditor, detached from the:
War
Office in
1902,
at
21, Parliament Street, Dublin.
On the
1St
May,
1905,
on
t h ~ formation
of the Army Accounts Department, all the
Station
Pay Offices
were abolished
and their
duties,
other than those
in connection
with
Cash payments,
were t a k ~ n
over
by
Regi
mental Pay Offices
in
Belfast,
Dublin
and
Cork.
.
All Cash duties were
amalgamate:d and
taken over by a
"Command Cashier", the
first holder of th is appointment being
Major G. R. B. Patten, A. P. D. (now
Lieut. Colonel, retired).
The
Chief Paymaster, Colone l Drage,
became
Chief
Accountant of the Ir ish Com -
mand and his Sergeant Major (Ma rtin)
joined
the Audit Branch as 2nd
Class
Assis-
tant Accountant.
The
Audit Office
moved
from Parliament Street into offices
vacated
by the Station Pay Office in Lower
Castle
Yard.
All the
District Services were amal
-
gamated into one
office and
Capt. (later
Colo
uel
and
c. P
.) F.
Woodall
with Staff
Sergeant (now
Major
and Ass istant
Pay
master) G.
H. White
ope ned a Dis trict
Office in Parliament Street, Dub lin on the
1St May, 1905.
S.S.M. Balls joined this new o f f i c ~ a few
weeks later and the office moved into new
quarters in Sh ip St reet Barracks, adjoining
the Ch ief Accountant' s Office some months
afterwards, Major B . E W inter being ap-
pointed Accountant in charge of District
Services.
T he
new
Regimen tal Pay Office in Dub-
lin
was opened in
the old Officers' Quart
ers
in
Ship Street B
arrack5
u n d ~ r L ieut .-
Colone l T. O' H ara
(l
ater Col
one
l and C .P. ).
3
10
On the break-u p of the Army Accounts
Department in 1910 the Loca l Audit Office
became once more an office apart from the
Army Pay Offices and the District Ac-
countant's Office became the:
Command
Pay
Office of the Irish Command, under olonel
and
Chief
Paymaster Smerdon.
On the 21St April, 1913, on the introduc-
tion of the
i x ~ d Centre
Scheme, the
Regi.
men tal Pa y Office, Dublin Iyas entirely
broken up
and the
personnel
we re 120sted
el
sewhere,
the
Accounts
of
the
regiments
going to Belfast, which
at
this time was the
R
ecord
Office for
the Irish Re
giments
hitherto in
payment
of the Regimental
Office in Dublin .
On the 15th October, 1913, the office of
the O.C. No. District and the Infantry
Record Office, Belfast were transferred to
Dublin once more and on the 21St October
the Regimental Pay Office,
Belfast
was
moved
to Dublin and
be
ca
me
the Regimen-
tal Pay Office, Dublin .
Owing to the expansion of wo
rk
during
the Great War the Reg imental Pay Office
was moved
from
Ship Stree:t B
arracks
to
L
inen
Ha ll
Barracks w h e r ~ more
suitable
accommodat
ion \yas available.
In the Rebellion
of 1916 L i
nen
Hall
Barracks was
burnt down , to
ge ther
with
most
of
the records
of the
Pa
y Office, and
the office
was moved to
Be
ggars Bush
Bar
racks, thence to premises in Rutland
Square.
The number of queries received relating
to
the
documents which had been destroyed
was so
great that
an Office Form was intro
duced wh ich informed the inquirer that
It
was
regretted
that
information
cou ld not
be furnished as the relevant documents had
been
destroyed
by fire."
This
form
proved a great boon to un-
sc
r
upulol1s probationers and o t h ~ r s who
were
still making use of it as l
ate
as
1 9 ~ 0 .
In
October,
1918, further a c c o m m o d a t l ~ n
was
taken
over
in the
Plaza
Hotel, and In
February,
1
9
20
, the
Minerva
Hote l in Rut
l
and Square was occupied
.
Thus at thi s time the
Command
Pay
Office \ ~ a s situa ted Castle yard
and t he Regimental Pay Office,
Dub
lin \\ 'as
T H E ROYAL
ARMY
PAY CORPS JOURNAL
accommodated in several buildings in and
a round Rutland Square.
The
on ly pther office in Irela
nd
at
the
p r ~ s e n t time was situated
in
Cork.
In 1920 the
polit
ica l situation in Ire l
and
~ a v e
ri se
t much
anxiety in England,
and
It was
deCided
by the
Home
Government
to draft a
large
number of extra
troops and
po lice into
Ireland
with the object of res-
torin
g law and order in the country .
In order to understand \yby
these
ad-
Ditional
troops
and police
were
oraered to
Ir eland, a
brief
summary of the ~ v e n t s
leading
up
to the present situation is neces-
sary .
The Sinn Fein
movement came into ex-
istence in 1905 with a mode rate policy.
From 1905 to I913 the policy changed and
the movement g radually became linked up
with the extremists, revolutionaries and
dis loyal societies.
At about the
end
of 1913
the
Home
Ru le
question caused politica
l fee ling
throughout Ireland to
become
violently em -
bi
ttered,
and as a
direct consequence, the
I ri
sh ationa
l
Vo
l
unteers \rere
formed 111
opposition
to
the Ulster Vo
l
unteers.
On the outb reak of the
Great War
in
I914 both po
li
tica l parties sank t heir diffe r-
ences and many en listed into the
British
Forces.
The extremists of the Sinn Fein move-
ment ,
however, took
up
the
attItude that
England's
enemies were
Ir e land's friends,
and coll
ected
together all the disaffected
and lawless
members
of the
Irish Nationa
l
Vo
l
unteers, and formed them into
a rebel
force, which they r ~ n a m e d
the
Irish Vo lun-
teers.
Then came the Rebe
llio n in
Easter
vVeek,
1916, when the I rish Volunteers made a
grea t attempt to procla im Ir e land a Re-
pub lic. There Iyas severe fighting and the
rebellion, wh ich \I'as confined
principally
to
Dublin, was crushed
within
a \\ 'eek, the
outbreak being
almost universally
con-
demned by the trading classes in
the
City.
The rebe
ll
ion
had
failed, but
the
ne\\'iy
appointed
leaders
resolved to carry on
\rhere their predecessors
had left
o ff, in
their attempt to make Ireland a Repub lic .
They collected
considerable funds,
chiefly
in
England and America, thro ugh t he
"Dai l
Eireann"
Loan, which
enabled
the
y O l 1 l : t e e ~ ' s
to
increas
e their activities by
1I1tmlldatlOn and propaganda.
The
G e ~ . e r a J E ection at the end 01
1
9
1
8
gave the
S l 1 1 ~ l Femel:s a l
arge majority and
used thIS to further
their object
of
an
ll1dependent
republic.
In January, 19I9, the y set up their own
ParlIament (Dail Eireann) of 'hich Mr.
De
Valera, on his escape from Lincol n
Prison,
was
elected as Pr esident. Th ey filled the
v ~ s t
majority of
seats
on the County
Coun
-
cIls and other local Government bodies
with th
eir
own representatives
,
and
thus
put
an end to
le
ga
l local
government.
They
established their
011 11
Courts and
intimidated I eop le into using them in pre-
ference to t h ~ legally constituted British
Courts.
Up to thi . time each County Council
receIVed an
annual grant
from the English
Local Government Board, but \I'hen the
extremists dec;:jded
that
all relations be-
tween the Irish County Councils and the
Boanl should be severed the ' latter im-
mediately stopped the payment of any
further grants.
The Sinn Fein l
eaders
rea lised that the
on
ly
way
they. could ac hieve
their object
of
a rep ublic \\ 'as
by active measures.
They
therefore, began their campaign
of g u e r i l 1 ~
warfare.
At
this
t i m ~
there
"'ere
comparatively
few trool s in
Ireland and
they
toqk no
part
in the
political
situation t h e r ~ .
Thus
it \I'ill be seen that, by the begin-
ning of 1920, it was imposs ible for the very
sma ll and wide ly scattered garrisons
thro ughout Ire land to hold their 0\\ 11 any
l
onge
r
against
a
party
of
extremists
\yho
\you ld
stop
at nothing.
Their 'harracks' \I'ere, in most cases,
buildings
situated
bet\l'een
shops or other
h O l ~ s e s
in the
main
street of a to\I'n
and
were theref
ore
incapab
le of
proper
defence.
F or many months the R.I.C. had been
the victims of an insidiolls campaigll of
boycott. Not only Iyere their lives
at
stake
but
the lives of their fam ilies liying in some
remote part of the country were also threat
ened in some cases.
The
follo\ying letter
shows the treatmen t the police \I 'ere sub-
jected to:--
-
8/10/2019 1934 Autumn
11/27
THE
ROYAL ARMY PAY CORPS JOURNAL
. The
general public are
h
ereby noticed
sic)
that for
the future
all
intercourse
\rith
the
R.I.C. in any form whatso
ever is
prohibited al1d traders
who
s
upply them with goods voluntarily
\yill be regarded as assisti.ng the
enem y and will severely dealt
with.
(Signed)
By
C rder, C.l\1.A.,
I. R
.A ."
Jul
y 20, 1920.
As
a Qunisl;J.ment for
talking
to
members
of the po1ce and military forces
the
rebels
kidnapped girls and
cut
off t h ~ i r hair.
t
was decided to draft more troops
and
police into Ireland and in a very short
t i ~ e
nits were stationed all over
the m o r ~
dIs
affected
parts
of
the Country.
Their
principal duty, of course, was to
assist the Civil police in maintainin g
law
and order.
In
many districts this was a
simple task, and the inhabitants, .who
h ~ d
recentl y been terrorised
by
the S111n
Fem
extremists, w e r ~ only too glad to
welcome the
troops,
for th ey
realised
that
the y would
now
receive a certaiq amoU1:t
of protection for themselves and their
property.
Unfortunately it was not such a simple
matter in other
parts
of
the
country, and it
became necessary to concentrate a large
number of
troops
in Belfast
w h e r ~
the riot
ing \yas chiefly caused by opposing re
ligious
factions), in Dublin, The Curragh
and in the extreme South.
By the middle of 19 2 0 the
I.R.A.
c;ttli
paign of murder was in full swing. This
" 'as
accompanied
by the burning of
police barracks
ahd
by the send
ing of a
large
numb
er of
anon
y
mou s
letters
to
persons opposed
to
Sinn Fern
views,
bearing
re
presentations
of
coffins,
sk
ulls
and
crossbones.
and
this
meant an extra strain
on
th e
already inadequate supply of military trans
port.
This
influx
of
troops into
Ireland
natur
ally meant
that the \york of t h ~
Command
Pay
Office in Dublin was greatly increased,
and so in December,
19 2
0, the office was
moved to a more spacious building in
Jur
y
's
Hotel in
C o l l ~ g e
Green, a building
which at
that
time, was absolutely unpro
tected : The vacated office in L
ower Cast
le
Yard \\'as taken
over
by the
Ro
ya l Ir ish
Constabulary wh o \\ 'ere faced with the diffi
culty of
finding
extra
accommodation
f
-
the
reinf
orcements sent
over
from England_
Recruiting for the R .I.C.
was
almost at
a
standstill in
Ireland and
in order
to keep
the
force
up to strength ex-soldiers
were
enrolled in
England. There was no lack
of
recruits here
as
the high
ra
te
of
pay
offered
\V
,as a great attraction.
The
uniform
of the R .I.C. was dark
green: but
owing to
the urgenc y of
9btain
in
O
reinforcements
it was not possible to
obtain
tilis
uniform
for the recruits.
They
were t h e r e f o r ~ supp lied with
khaki,
with
black belts
and
dark greeq caps. They
soon
be
'
came known,
as a
result,
as th e
"Black and Tans".
The move to
Ju ry's
Hotel was carried
out at 24 ho 'urs' notice, d u r i n ~ whic l time
everything had to be moved, l l l c l u ~ l l l l all
old accounts and other
records which
had
accumulated during t h ~ past six years or
more. . I
In
the hurry, the strings and tapes whlCl
fastened
the bundles together
were
broken,
and by the tIme
t h e
y reached
Jury's
Hotel there
was nothing but a
collection of loose
papers
which took
'a considerable
t im e to put
straight.
The
sta ffs
of
the
Rai lwa
y s
in
Southern Ireland
refu sed to
carr
y
militar
y passen
gers and
stores
The Police Bal'l'acks in a countl'Y town.
At thi s period,
Colonel
R.
T .
M.
Le t h b r i d
g
e
,
O.B.E. was the
Command
Pay
master,
an d an
amusing
episode
occurred
shortly
after
his arrival.
One
evening he
ote th e def ences.
.
EXTRACTS J7RO,;\1 THE ROYAL ARMY PAY CORP;; JO URKAL
Con ' t.ructing a milital'Y 'post' in the streets of Duhlil:
.
left his room about 6
p.l11.
to visit the
Cashier's o ffice. An office cleaner
saw
him
but
did not
recognise
him and therefore
told the Officer ifc of the Allowance Sec
tion
that
she had seen a strange man wa lk
ing about the office.
He
i m l 1 l e d i a t ~ l y in
formed the police who sent a party round
to
inve
s
tigate.
Next morning, t h ~ C.P.,
on
bein g told, suddenly realised that
he
was
the 'Sinn
Feiner'
.
Soon
a
fter this
Colonel Lethbridge was
transferred to Sa
lisbury and Colonel F .
Woodall became
the C.P.
Throughout this
period
the
accounts
of
th e J r i ~ J
Regiments
were
being dealt
vvith
by
the
R e g i m ~ n t a l
Pay Office in Dub
lin, w h e r ~ .
Lieut.-Colonel Household
was
the Regimental Paymaster.
After
the
wholesale murder of Officers
early on the morning of Sunday,
21St
November, 1920, all officers not in barracks
\vere ordered to live in a
hotel
wh ich ",as
hired for the - purpose, just off Great
Georges Street , and to proceed to their
\\ 'ork in parties, armed \\'ith revolvers .
As thi s
was
while the office was
in
Rut
land Square and quite unprotected, the
obvious
danger of such a proceedin.P.' ' 3S
represented,
and the order \\'as soon \\'ith
drawn.
Ow
ing to the number
of
occasio ns \\hen
troops were 'confined
to
barracks', it was
considered
adv isable
to allo\\'
members
of
Corps
to wear p lain cl
othes
in
go
ing to
and from the office. Some, hoping for a
few' days off, stated that they were 'not
in possession',
but to their
surprise,
due to
the ingen ui ty of a zealous Section O f f i c ~ r
the f f i c ~
messenger
arrived
at
the lodg
ings witl'l the Pay Lists and Company
Ac
counts, etc. After. this they were all present
at the office, but w l i i l ~ the
order
for troops
to be confined to barracks was in force
th ey
had
to return to the l
odgings
im
mediately they left the office.
Martia
l
La
'w
was
d ~ c l a r e d in December,
J920 in
certain counties in the
south
where
rebel
activities were
most p r ~ v a l e n t .
In
this month also,
regulations
were enforceo
whereby all motor car owners had
to
obtain
a
milit
ary
permit
for their cars. This
order
applied
to the " 'hole of
Ireland and
\"as
designed
to p
revent
the use of
cars
by
disloyal
persons
for illegal purposes.
In
order
to
further curtail subversive
activities the holding
of Fairs
and Markets
in
certain
cli
3
tricts
\\'as
prohibited.
During the early part of
19
2
1,
miqtary
activity in Dublin (as well as in almost
every ot her pa rt of Ireland) \"as
at
its
height
.
Th e
seuching of pedestrians in the streets
bv milit
3.
ry patrols and by the "Black and
Tans"
mis carried out to a considerable
extent and r a i d ~ and searches for arms.
documents and Sinll F einers " 'ere carriecl
out at all hours of the da y and nig-ht.
The
searchers were usually accompanied by an
armouTedcar \\'hich
proved
useful for keep
ing back enquiring cro\yds and when neces-
-
8/10/2019 1934 Autumn
12/27
THE
ROYAL ARMY PAY CORPS
J OU
RNAL
----------------
A bridge on a main road a{t-er
destru ct
ion by
exp losives.
sar y for clearing the
streets.
Towards the end
of
I9 '20
an I
thr
oug
hout
th e first
half
of the follo\\ing yea r
almost
every
road
in the country
districts
of
Ire
land was
in some way or
another
damaged
by
the rebels in their
desire
to hamper the
activities of Troops and Police.
A slig
ht
idea of some of the many
methods employed can be ob tained from t h ~
accompanying photographs.
The
thro\\ing of bombs in the streets \I a
a daily
occurrence,
whilst the firing of re
volvers
and rifles
could
often
be heard
in
the small
hours. Most
of the lorries
were
protected by
armour-plating
and
covered
with
wire netting, Hie latter as a
precaution
against bombs.
Some amusing incidents, ho\\"evl;r, hel ped
from tim e to time to break the monotony
of office routine and to
give
us a slight
ide
a
of what was taking
place all
around us.
Some of
the Other Ranks
,,ere quartered
in lodgings
at
a boarding house in
the
vicinity of Mount oy Square
during
one of
the
frequent house-to-house searches for
Shinners . The \rhole
area to be
searched had previously been \rired off and
a cordon of troops thrOlrn around it. As
the
search proceeded the ,,in; defences
were moved closer to the centre of the
enclosed area. Difficulty \ as experienced
in getting pa5t the \\ire defences to go to
the office one morning, but on returniu R
to lunch the house ,,as found to be in
possession of the military forces
who
were
carting a,,ay the uniform found in the
bedrooms.
The
landlady was in arrest (and
in tears) for being in
unla\dul
possession of
the
uniform.
After a brief exp lanat ion the
landladv
was released a nd
th
e uniforms
restored
to
their
owners
A
sho
rt
time
later a
raid
,,as ca
rri
ed out
QY
members
of
the
Auxiliary
Police
on
th e
office.
Two
of
the
staff happened to be
descending tIle sta ir case to
the
front ha
ll
,
when the door fi e,, open
and
half a dozen
or so Auxi liaries, revo lvers
in
hand, burst
ll
See ing the individual s in uniform the
leader Qf the party asked for an exp lana
tion and on being told
that it
,vas the Pay
Office he exp lained
that
he had made a
mistake and
that
he had intended t
o
search
a house a few doors a way.
One Sunday mornin g
\\
h ell members ot
the military staff
were
in the office, having
their
usual
talk
on
promotion
prospects,
the congregation on leav ing Findlater's
Church, a short
distance away,
\Iere scat
ter ed
by
the firing o