18th Users Meeting

PKU Beijing

Monday

May 8-12, 2017

John Jayne

Many of you know Aerodyne as, “an instrument company”

Our full name is Aerodyne Research, Inc.

“Research” is our core activity

The “instruments” have evolved from our research interests

About Aerodyne

Founded in late 1970 as a contract R&D organizationMaterials and defense researchCombustion researchAtmospheric chemistry (mesosphere, stratosphere, troposphere)

Today we are about 80 employees, ~2/3 advanced degree

Expertise in Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Fluid Dynamics, Computer Science, Chemical/Mechanical/Electrical/Aeronautical Engineering

We do Laboratory and Field Measurements; Instrument Design, Development, Prototyping and Fabrication; Computer Modeling, Data Analysis.

Support from R&D, sales of measurement services, sale of instruments

Many collaborations with academic institutions and government laboratories.

About Aerodyne

Aerodyne Mobile Lab Vehicles

Currently in central Texas measuring ozone producing

VOCs May 2017

Six Centers of Technical Expertise

• CACC - Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry

• CAEC - Center for Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry

• CATD - Center for Aero-Thermodynamics

• CEPT - Center for Energy and Propulsion Technology

• COSR - Center for Optical Signature Recognition

• CSST - Center for Sensor Systems and Technology

Research Centers at Aerodyne

Aerosol CompositionChemical and physical properties

New particle

Formation

CACC Research Group FocusMass Spectrometry for the Study of SOA

SOA formation

VOC

AMS

LVOC ELVOC

Oxidation/processing

Processing and

aging

Goal: Combine lab and field measurements to chemically resolve gas to particle transformations

Decreasing Volatility

GC � PTR � CIMS (I-, NO3-) � APi

Sun

Condensation

and growth

We also develop, build and support instruments

Overview of Instruments

18th Users Meeting

PKU Beijing

Monday

May 8-12, 2017

John Jayne

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Attendees

2000 - Oregon

2001 - ARI

2002 - ARI

2003 - Caltech

2004 - GA Tech

2005 - Juelich

2006 - MN

2007 - Reno

2008 - Manchester

2009 - Canada

2010 - Finland

2011 - FL

2012 - Minnesota

2013 - Prague

2014 - Korea

2015 - Milan

2016 - Portland

2017 - Beijing

2017-Zurich

InstrumentD

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Sept 2001 – AMS Users Meeting at ARI

SN 001 to 004

Lets talk about how the AMS works….

Aerosol Instruments

QAMS

CTOF AMS

HTOF AMS

SP HTOF AMS

CTOF mini-AMS

LTOF AMS

QACSM

eTOF ACSM

Aerodyne Mass Spectrometer Systems

Gas Phase Instruments

APi – TOF

IMS – TOF

EI-TOF

PTR MS

Sources IMR (I-, SF6-, H3O+, Acetate,…)

Nitrate (NO3-)

FIGAERO

Tofwerk, AG Mass Spec Partner

Most instruments

available with C, H

or L ToF MS

Instruments

TILDAS (IR trace gas measurement)

CAPS (NO2, PMex, SSA)

TWST (Cloud optical depth)

DPAS (BC conc. Zhenghong Yu)

ARISense (Air quality monitoring

package)

Other Aerodyne Instruments and Components

Components

SP – Soot Particle module

LS – Light Scattering module

Aerosol Dryer

Thermal Denuder

PAM – Andy Lambe

Pressure Controlled Inlet

EyeOn control system

Beam Width Probe

Auto Valve System

High PerformanceTOF mass spectrometer

Thermal Vaporization

&Electron Impact

Ionization

Aerodynamic Lens

Beam Chopper

Particle TOF Region

Particle Beam Generation

Aerodynamic Sizing

Particle Composition

Aerosol Mass Spectrometer

Pumps (x5)

Fast Data

System

Timers

DACs

Full PCƒ44

Soot Particle (SP) AMS

Intra-cavity laser (1064 nm) allows vaporization and detection of

black carbon containing particles and absorbing metals.

Work is focused on quantification.

laser power densities

>0.2 MW/cm2

Onasch et al. AS&T 2012

Onasch et al. AS&T 2015

DMT SP2 laser

module

Long (L) TOF AMS2x the resolution of HTOF (Vmode) with the same sensitivity.

2x the length of the HTOF

55” L x 24” D x 27” H, 275 lbs.

[139.7 cm x 60.9 cm x 68.6 cm, 124.7 kg]

Andy Lambe

Resolution of C-TOF, H-TOF and L-TOF

Qualitative Comparison of LTOF to C- and HTOF

Andy Lambe

Improved ability to report on elemental Nitrogen.

If it has a chopper it’s an AMS

-can do pTOF sizing

If it doesn’t have a chopper it’s an ACSM

-no pTOF sizing, mass spectra only

A mini-AMS is just a smaller AMS

-a smaller vacuum system->less size resolution

What’s the Difference between an

AMS, mini-AMS and an ACSM

Particle Inlet (1 atm)

Thermal Vaporization

&Electron Impact

Ionization

Aerodynamic Lens40-1000 nm

Particle Beam Generation

Particle Composition

Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor

Laptop

Computer

Pumps (x3)

No Sizing

Smaller/lower costQ- or TOF- Mass Spec

All AMS and ACSM Systems Share Some Common Features

• Particle aerodynamic lens

• A differentially pumped high vacuum system, efficient gas-particle separation

• Particle vaporizer

• Electron impact ionization source

• Mass spectrometer ► performance/Cost

QACSM eTOF ACSM

QACSM and ToF ACSM Systems

Offered by Handix

Offered by eSen Scientific

Good for routine monitoring

Higher performance version

Faster data rate (~1 min).

PM2.5 Capability

First PM2.5 QACSM instrument - China deployments.

Updates from Phil and Hong during ACSM session.

Xu et al, AS&T 2017

Sampling system,

inlet plumbing

PM2.5 Particle lens

Capture vaporizer

ACPD - Field characterization of the PM2.5 Aerosol Chemical Speciation

Monitor: insights into the composition, sources and processes of fine

particles in Eastern China Yunjiang Zhang et al, 2017 Jiangsu EMC

ACTRIS-ACSM intercomparison Studies in Paris2013 and 2016

15 mass spectrometers 13 QACSM, TOF ACSM,

HTOF AMSAMS partner

ACSM-ACTRIS stations

10 European countries

Led by Jean Sciare, Vincent Crenn (LSCE), Evelyn Freneyand Olivier Favez (INERIS)

Frohlich et al, ACTRIS ACSM intercomparison – Part 2: Intercomparison of ME-2 organic source apportionment results from 15 individual, co-located aerosol mass spectrometers. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 2555–2576 (2015)

Crenn et al ACTRIS ACSM Intercomparison: Part I - Intercomparison of concentration and fragment results from 13 individual co-located Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM). Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 5063–5087 (2015)

Results of ACTRIS-ACSM intercomparison study are summarized in two AMT papers

eTOF ACSM cTOF mini-AMS

ToF ACSM and mini-AMS Systems

Differences between ACSM and mAMS are

the MS, chopper and the DAQ system

High Resolution Chemical Ionization Mass

Spectrometer - CIMS

• Can be configured with various reagent ionization sources.

• Can also detect naturally occurring ambient ions - Api-TOF

Accepts:

IMR source

NO3 source

Figaero source

Molecular identification for organic aerosol

constituents

TAG Organic Aerosol SpeciationThermal Desorption Aerosol GC/MS Collaboration with UC Berkeley and ADI

TAG Collector Module and

mini GC column/ovenEI - HTOF

GC HTOF System for VOC analysis coming…

TAG - CIMS

Potential Aerosol Mass (PAM)

Oxidation Flow Reactor

Andy Lambe, J. Jayne, W. Robinson, X. Cabral, S. Prescott

Aerodyne Research, Inc.

Bill Brune, Pennsylvania State University

Kang et al. (2007), Lambe et al. (2011)

Thermal Denuder System

For aerosol volatility studies

Aerosol Sample Dryer System

Sample Line Flow Controller System

• Light weight, low

power (24V)

• Up to 10 LPM

• Compatible with

Dryer system

CAPS Pmex and SSA MonitorsParticle Extinction and

Single Scattering Albedo

Andy Freedman/Tim Onasch/Phil Croteau

3-wavelength version

now available

Handix

TWST - Three Wavelength Spectrally-agile TechniqueCloud Optical Depth Sensor

Application of oxygen A-band equivalent width to disambiguate

downwelling radiances for cloud optical depth measurement

Edward R. Niple et al., Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 4167–4179, 2016

Air Quality Sensor System

Integrates 16 Measurements• CO, NO, NO2, Ox, CO2

• Particle size ~(0.4 -17) um, 16 bins

• PM1, 2.5, 10

• Wind speed, Wind direction

• Solar

• Sound/noise

• Barometric pressure

• Relative Humidity

• Temperature

Data saved locally and to the web.

Solar/battery power and AC power options

Eben Cross

Installation of PKU Shenzhen HTOF-AMS

for monitoring during the 2008 Olympics in Beijing

Lingyan HE

Xiaofeng HUANG

Min HU

END