PCB 3233 Practice Exam 4: Chapters 7 and 8 *Please note that these questions are ONLY here to help. They are NOT actual test questions. Some, all, or none of these topics may be on your exam. Professor Weigel did not review this. Do NOT use this as your ONLY study resource, continue to review PowerPoints, recordings, textbook, notes, light board videos, etc*

1. T cell precursors migrate from the bone marrow to the thymus through the lymph canals, and enter the thymus through the afferent lymphatic.

A. True. B. False.

2. DiGeorge’s Syndrome:

A. Involves a deletion in chromosome 22. B. The thymus is not affected at all. C. The affected person is susceptible to a wide range of opportunistic infections

because the thymus failed to develop, also resembles SCID. D. A&C.

3. Which of the following statement/statements is/are true about the thymus?

A. A thymectomy in an adult will not affect T cell immunity in an adult. B. The thymus is most active in older people. C. Because the thymus involves as we grow older, as time passes we gradually have

a lower T cell count in our body. D. A&B

4. Which of the following surface proteins will an uncommitted progenitor cell that just

entered the thymus have? A. CD4 B. CD8 C. CD34 D. L-7 receptor E. E&D

5. A double negative progenitor T cell:

A. Is will never be a double positive Thymocyte B. Does not have CD4 and CD8 on its surface, and does have CD2 and CD5. C. Needs IL-7 and Notch 1 to receive the signals that drive their maturation. D. B&C.

6. When a TCR on a mature naïve T cell binds to a peptide- MHC complex on a P-APC that

does not express B7 the T cell can still be activated at later time. A. True B. False

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1 cell becomes anergic

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7. The types of molecules of that carry out effector functions of T Cells are: A. Cytokines B. Cytotoxins C. Antibodies D. A&B

8. Which of the following is NOT a signal that originates from a successful rearrangement of a ! chain and the pre T cell receptor?

A. Stimulates proliferation B. Stimulates expression of either CD4 or CD8 co-receptors. C. Stops any additional TCR ! chain locus rearrangement. D. Signals to become permissive for " chain rearrangement.

9. Once the first chain of the ! chain of the TCR is rearranged, and the cell has finished

proliferating: A. The RAG genes are turned back on. B. Rearrangement of the " chain locus is induced. C. There is a bigger chance that the rearranging thymocyte will become a #: $ T cell

than a ": ! T cell. D. A&B

10. The pre-T cell receptor is composed of

A. Fully formed TCR (with both " %&' ! chains). B. ! chain and a preT". C. CD3 and ( chains. D. B&C

11. How many tries, per chromosome, does a T cell have to produce a functioning ! chain?

A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 6

12. The " chain locus has only one chance of rearrangement per chromosome.

A. True B. False.

13. The second checkpoint in T cell development:

A. Makes sure that the surrogate " chain can bind to the ! chain. B. Makes sure that the " chain can bind to the ! chain. C. Tests whether the newly formed TCR can bind to self-antigens. D. All the above

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14. Both types of T cells (": ! and #: $) have to go through positive selection before leaving the thymus.

A. True B. False

15. Which of the following statement/statements is/are true about positive selection?

A. Takes place in the medulla of the thymus B. Is mediated by cortical epithelial cells that have self MHC I or MHC II loaded

with exogenous peptides. C. Will determine whether the double positive T cell becomes a CD4 T cell or a CD

8 T cell (single positive). D. A thymocyte will die after 30 days if it does not receive a positive signal from the

cortical epithelial cell.

16. What signals are necessary in order for a T cell to be activated? A. Binding of the TCR and co receptor to peptide on MHC B. Binding of CD28 and B7 C. Binding of CTLA 4 to B7 D. A&B

17. Which of the following statement/s is/are true about negative selection?

A. Is mediated only by cortical epithelial cells B. This process occurs in the cortex of the thymus C. Macrophages are involved which are the cells that carry MHC loaded with self-

peptides. D. T cells that bind too strongly to a self-peptide die by apoptosis.

18. A T regulatory cell:

A. Is a type of CD4 T cell. B. Expresses CD25, which is the transcriptional repressor used by T Regulatory

Cells, and is unique to these cells. C. Expresses FoxP3, which is the transcriptional repressor used by T Regulatory

Cells, and is unique to these cells. D. A & C

19. T cells rearrange the ! chain before # $ chains?

A. True B. False

20. Positive selection tests whether the _____ and _____ regions of the TCR can bind to a/an

______. A. CDR 3; CDR 2; Self Antigen B. CDR 3; CDR 1; MHC C. CDR 1; CDR 2; MHC D. CDR 1; CDR 2; Self Antigen

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21. Which of the following statements regarding dendritic cells is/are not true A. When immature, the dendritic cell is located in a tissue and is performing

endocytosis/phagocytosis. B. A mature dendritic cell is called a Langerhans cell C. DEC 205 is a protein involved in receptor mediated endocytosis. D. Micropinocytosis is the process in which the dendritic cell engulfs extracellular

fluid.

22. Circulating naïve T cells will: A. Enter the thymus though HEV thanks to the CCL 19 and CCL 21 gradient. B. Enter the secondary lymphoid tissue though HEV thanks to the CCL 19 and CCL

21 gradient. C. Will not be able to pass through the HEV if CCR 10 is not present on the T cell

surface. D. B&C

23. When the T cell is screening the peptide: A. T cell’s LFA-1 binds to ICAM-1 or ICAM-2 on the APC. B. ICAM-3 on the dendritic cell binds on DC-SIGN on an activated t cell. C. SP1 receptors will be suppressed if the T cell is able to bind successfully to a

peptide: MHC complex. D. A&C

24. What cytotoxins do CD8 T cells produce to induce apoptosis in target cells?

A. Perforins B. Granzymes C. Apitoxin D. A&B

25. Which of the following statement/s regarding the costimulatory protein B7 is/are true?

A. CTLA-4 has a twenty-fold binding strength less than CD28 B. B7 (on the surface of the T cell) binds to CD28 (on the surface of the P-APC), and

is the signal that indicates whether the peptide loaded on the MHC II is exogenous.

C. When CTLA-4 binds to B7, the T cell proliferation slows down. D. A&B

26. Expression of which co-stimulatory receptor/molecule distinguishes P-APC from other

cells? A. IL2 B. CXCL8 C. CD25 D. B7

27. Which of the following are Professional Antigen Presenting Cells (P-APC)?

A. B Cells

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T immature

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B. Macrophages C. Dendritic Cells D. All of the Above

28. Which of the following is the correct outcome for the signaling pathways initiated by the T-cell receptor complex, its CD4 co-receptor and CD28?

A. Production of IL-2 that will stimulate cell division through exocrine signaling. B. Production of IL-2 that will stimulate cell division through endocrine signaling. C. Production of IL-7 that will stimulate cell division through exocrine signaling D. Production of IL-7 that will stimulate cell division through endocrine signaling.

29. T cell activation is also known as:

A. Hypermutation B. RNA splicing C. T cell Priming D. None of the above

30. All leukocytes are lymphocytes

A. True B. False

31. Which of the following is not a cell that can differentiate from a CD4 T cell?

A. TH1 B. TH2 C. TH17 D. T Cytotoxic

32. IL-4 will induce differentiation to which type of T cell?

A. TH1 B. TH2 C. TH17 D. TFH E. Treg

33. Which of the following cells is mismatched with its function?

A. TH1: reduces inflammation at the site of infection B. TH2: defense against parasites C. TH17: recruits macrophages at the site of infection D. A&C

34. The disease Lepromatous leprosy:

A. Is a low infectivity disease that causes differentiation and a bias for TH1 cells. B. Is a high infectivity disease that causes differentiation and a bias for TH2 cells. C. Will have a higher concentration of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10. D. B&C

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35. What is the purpose of an activated dendritic cells? A. phagocytic B. destructive C. present antigen D. None of the above

36. An activated CD4 T cell will have on its surface:

A. L selectin B. VLA-4 C. LFA-1 D. B&C

37. An effector CD8 T still needs B7 to be able to respond to its specific antigen

A. True B. False

38. Which of the following statement/s is/are true regarding cytokine receptors?

A. They have a cytoplasmic tail that are associated with JAK proteins. B. STATs activate JAKs, which in turn will migrate to the nucleus and activate

specific genes. C. JAKs activate STATs, which in turn will migrate to the nucleus and activate

specific genes. D. A&B

39. T Cytotoxic Cells can cause apoptosis of cells that are infected with a viral pathogen.

A. True B. False

40. INF γ plays an important role in fighting viral infections because:

A. It increases the presentation of peptides on MHC I. B. It activates macrophages that will help with disposing of dead cells. C. Inhibits the replication of viruses in the infected cells D. All the above

41. The signal/signals that a macrophage needs to be activated from a T cell is/are?

A. Primary signal: CD40 ligand/CD40 receptor – Secondary: IFN-γ B. Primary signal: IFN-γ – Secondary: CD40 ligand/CD40 receptor C. Primary signal: IFN-γ D. Primary signal: CD40 ligand/CD40 receptor

42. A pathogen that invades the intracellular vesicular system of cells:

A. Reduce the response of TH1 cells. B. Cannot be reached by antibodies, but its peptides can be presented on MHC I

molecules that will activate CD8 T cells C. Will not affect the ability of macrophages to lyse bacteria once in its

phagolysosome.

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AandC

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D. A&C

43. CD4 can aid in the activation of CD8 by secreting IL2 A. True B. False

44. Which lymphocyte is specialized in fighting parasitic infections, and has orange staining

when looked in the microscope? A. Eosinophil B. Basophil C. Macrophage D. None of the above.

For questions 46-50 match the T cell with the correct cytokine/cytotoxin that they secrete

46. Cytotoxic T Cell A. IL-17 and IL-6 47. TH1 B. TGF-b and IL10 48. TH2 C. Perforin, Granulysin, IL2, INF-g 49. T-Reg D. IL-4, IL5 50. TH17 E. INF-γ, GM-CSF, TNFα, IL-2.

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