174021467 case study mechanics machine

8/18/2019 174021467 Case Study Mechanics Machine

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Hoist application in engineering field

A hoist is a device used for lifting or lowering a load by means of a drum or

lift-wheel around which rope or chain wraps. It may be manually operated,

electrically or pneumatically driven and may use chain, fiber or wire rope as its lifting

medium. The load is attached to the hoist by means of a lifting hook.

Types of hoist:

The basic hoist has two important characteristics to define it: Lifting medium and

power type. The lifting medium is either wire rope, wrapped around a drum, or load-

chain, raised by a pulley with a special profile to engage the chain. The power can

be provided by different means. ommon means are hydraulics, electrical and air

driven motors. !oth the wire rope hoist and chain hoist have been in common use

since the "#$$s. however% &ass production of an electric hoist did not start until the

early "'$$s and was first adapted by (ermany. A hoist can be built as one integral-

package unit, designed for cost-effective purchasing and moderate use, or it can be

built as a built-up custom unit, designed for durability and performance. The built-up

hoist will be much more e)pensive, but will also be easier to repair and more

durable. *ackage units were once regarded as being designed for light to moderateusage, but since the +$s this has changed. !uilt-up units are designed for heavy to

severe service, but over the years that market has decreased in sie since the

advent of the more durable packaged hoist. A machine shop or fabricating shop will

use an integral-package hoist, while a teel &ill or AA would use a built-up unit to

meet durability, performance, and repairability re/uirements. AA has also seen a

change in the use of package hoists. The AA Astronaut training pool, for e)ample,

utilies cranes with packaged hoists.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumaticallyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumaticallyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifting_hookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_productionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifting_hookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_productionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatically


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Wire Rope Hoist or Chain Hoist

&ore commonly used hoist in today0s worldwide market is an

electrically powered hoist. These are either the chain type or the wire rope

type.

owadays many hoists are package hoists, built as one unit in a single

housing, generally designed for ten-year life, but the life calculation is based

on an industry standard when calculating actual life. ee the 1oists

&anufacturers Institute site2"3 for true life calculation which is based on load

and hours used. In today0s modern world for the orth American market there

are a few governing bodies for the industry. The 4verhead Alliance is a group

that represents rane &anufacturers Association of America 5&AA6,

hanghai 7A!4 1oisting &achinery 58A!46, 1oist &anufacturers

Institute 51&I6, and &onorail &anufacturers Association 5&&A6. These

product counsels of the &aterial 1andling Industry of America have 9oined

forces to create promotional materials to raise the awareness of the benefits

to overhead lifting. The members of this group are marketing representatives

of the member companies.

ommon small portable hoists are of two main types, the chain

hoist or chain block and the wire rope or cable type. hain hoists may have a

lever to actuate the hoist or have a loop of operating chain that one pulls

through the block 5known traditionally as a chain fall6 which then activates the

block to take up the main lifting chain.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoist_(device)#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crane_Manufacturers_Association_of_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoist_(device)#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crane_Manufacturers_Association_of_America


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A hand powered hoist with a ratchet wheel is known as a ratchet lever

hoist or, collo/uially, a come-along. The original hoist of this type was

developed by Abraham &aasdam of ;eep reek, olorado about "'"', and

later commercialied by his son,


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hain hoist also describes a hoist using a differential pulley system,

in which a compound pulley with two different radii and teeth engage an

endless chain, allowing the e)erted force to be multiplied according to the

ratio of the radii.

• onstruction hoists

Also known as a &an-Lift, !uckhoist, temporary elevator, builder hoist,

passenger hoist or construction elevator, this type of hoist is commonly used on

large scale construction pro9ects, such as high-rise buildings or ma9or

hospitals. There are many other uses for the construction elevator. &any other

industries use the buckhoist for full-time operations, the purpose being to carry

personnel, materials, and e/uipment /uickly between the ground and higher floors,

or between floors in the middle of a structure. There are three types: Btility to move

material, personnel to move personnel, and dual-rated, which can do both.2=3

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_pulleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoist_(device)#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_pulleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoist_(device)#cite_note-4


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The construction hoist is made up of either one or two cars 5cages6 which

travel vertically along stacked mast tower sections. The mast sections are attached

to the structure or building every C? feet 5D.+C m6 for added stability.


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8ibration is occasionally desirable.


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Pendulum

A pendulum is a weight suspended from a pivot so that it can swing freely.2"3 7hen a

pendulum is displaced sideways from its restinge/uilibrium position, it is sub9ect to

a restoring force due to gravity that will accelerate it back toward the e/uilibrium

position. 7hen released, the restoring force combined with the pendulum0s mass

causes it to oscillate about the e/uilibrium position, swinging back and forth. The

time for one complete cycle, a left swing and a right swing, is called the period. A

pendulum swings with a specific period which depends 5mainly6 on its length.


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lock pendulums

*endulum and anchor escapement from agrandfather clock

*endulums in clocks 5see e)ample at right6 are usually made of a weight

or bob (b) suspended by a rod of wood or metal (a).To reduce air resistance 5which

accounts for most of the energy loss in clocks6 the bob is traditionally a smooth disk

with a lens-shaped cross section, although in anti/ue clocks it often had carvings or

decorations specific to the type of clock. In /uality clocks the bob is made as heavy

as the suspension can support and the movement can drive, since this improves the

regulation of the clock 5see Accuracy below6. A common weight for seconds

pendulum bobs is "? pounds. 5+.# kg6. Instead of hanging from a pivot, clock

pendulums are usually supported by a short straight spring (d) of fle)ible metal

ribbon. This avoids the friction and 0play0 caused by a pivot, and the slight bending

force of the spring merely adds to the pendulum0s restoring force. A few precision

clocks have pivots of 0knife0 blades resting on agate plates. The impulses to keep the

pendulum swinging are provided by an arm hanging behind the pendulum called

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchor_escapementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchor_escapementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grandfather_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_(physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendulum#Accuracy_of_pendulums_as_timekeepershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seconds_pendulumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seconds_pendulumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seconds_pendulumhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pivothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_(device)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoring_forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchor_escapementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grandfather_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_(physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendulum#Accuracy_of_pendulums_as_timekeepershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seconds_pendulumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seconds_pendulumhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pivothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_(device)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoring_force


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the crutch, (e), which ends in a fork , (f) whose prongs embrace the pendulum rod.

The crutch is pushed back and forth by the clock0s escapement, (g,h).

Each time the pendulum swings through its centre position, it releases one tooth of

the escape wheel (g). The force of the clock0s mainspring or a driving weight hanging

from a pulley, transmitted through the clock0s gear train, causes the wheel to turn,

and a tooth presses against one of the pallets (h), giving the pendulum a short push.

The clock0s wheels, geared to the escape wheel, move forward a fi)ed amount with

each pendulum swing, advancing the clock0s hands at a steady rate.

The pendulum always has a means of ad9usting the period, usually by an ad9ustment

nut (c) under the bob which moves it up or down on the rod. &oving the bob updecreases the pendulum0s length, causing the pendulum to swing faster and the

clock to gain time. ome precision clocks have a small au)iliary ad9ustment weight

on a threaded shaft on the bob, to allow finer ad9ustment. ome tower clocks and

precision clocks use a tray attached near to the midpoint of the pendulum rod, to

which small weights can be added or removed. This effectively shifts the centre of

oscillation and allows the rate to be ad9usted without stopping the clock.

The pendulum must be suspended from a rigid support. ;uring operation, any

elasticity will allow tiny imperceptible swaying motions of the support, which disturbs

the clock0s period, resulting in error. *endulum clocks should be attached firmly to a

sturdy wall.

The most common pendulum length in /uality clocks, which is always used

in grandfather clocks, is the seconds pendulum, about " metre 5>' inches6 long.

In mantel clocks, half-second pendulums, C? cm 5"$ in6 long, or shorter, are used.4nly a few large tower clocks use longer pendulums, the ".? second pendulum,

C.C? m 5D ft6 long, or occasionally the two-second pendulum, = m 5"> ft6 as is the

case of !ig !en.

Temperature compensation

The largest source of error in early pendulums was slight changes in length due to

thermal e)pansion and contraction of the pendulum rod with changes in ambient

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escapementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainspringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_train_(horology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turret_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grandfather_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seconds_pendulumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantel_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turret_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Benhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escapementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainspringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_train_(horology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turret_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grandfather_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seconds_pendulumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantel_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turret_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Ben


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temperature.2D'3 This was discovered when people noticed that pendulum clocks ran

slower in summer, by as much as a minute per week 2?+32#$3 5one of the first

was (odefroy 7endelin, as reported by 1uygens in "+?#6. 2#"3 Thermal e)pansion of

pendulum rods was first studied by Gean *icard in "++'.2#C3 A pendulum with a steel

rod will e)pand by about "".> parts per million 5ppm6 with each degree elsius

increase, causing it to lose about $.CD seconds per day for every degree elsius

increase in temperature, or ' seconds per day for a >> H 5+$ H> H 5+$ H


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container these two effects will cancel, leaving the pendulum0s centre of mass, and

its period, unchanged with temperature. Its main disadvantage was that when the

temperature changed, the rod would come to the new temperature /uickly but the

mass of mercury might take a day or two to reach the new temperature, causing the

rate to deviate during that time.To improve thermal accommodation several thin

containers were often used, made of metal. &ercury pendulums were the standard

used in precision regulator clocks into the C$th century.

Gridiron pendulum

Main article: Gridiron pendulum

The most widely used compensated pendulum was the gridiron pendulum, invented

in "DC+ by Gohn 1arrison.2#32#$32#>3 This consists of alternating rods of two different

metals, one with lower thermal e)pansion 5TE6, steel, and one with higher thermal

e)pansion, inc or brass. The rods are connected by a frame, as shown in the

drawing above, so that an increase in length of the inc rods pushes the bob up,

shortening the pendulum. 7ith a temperature increase, the low e)pansion steel rods

make the pendulum longer, while the high e)pansion inc rods make it shorter. !y

making the rods of the correct lengths, the greater e)pansion of the inc cancels outthe e)pansion of the steel rods which have a greater combined length, and the

pendulum stays the same length with temperature.

inc-steel gridiron pendulums are made with ? rods, but the thermal e)pansion of

brass is closer to steel, so brass-steel gridirons usually re/uire ' rods. (ridiron

pendulums ad9ust to temperature changes faster than mercury pendulums, but

scientists found that friction of the rods sliding in their holes in the frame caused

gridiron pendulums to ad9ust in a series of tiny 9umps. In high precision clocks this

caused the clock0s rate to change suddenly with each 9ump. Later it was found that

inc is sub9ect to creep.


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Invar and fused quartz

Around "'$$ low thermal e)pansion materials were developed which, when used as

pendulum rods, made elaborate temperature compensation unnecessary. These

were only used in a few of the highest precision clocks before the pendulum became

obsolete as a time standard. In "#'+ harles Edouard (uillaume invented

the nickel steel alloy Invar . This has a TE of around $.? Jin5inKH seconds per day, and this

residual error could be compensated to ero with a few centimeters of aluminium

under the pendulum bob 5this can be seen in the @iefler clock image above6. Invar

pendulums were first used in "#'# in the @iefler regulator clock which achieved

accuracy of "? milliseconds per day. uspension springs of Elinvar were used to

eliminate temperature variation of the spring0s restoring force on the pendulum.

Later fused /uart was used which had even lower TE. These materials are the

choice for modern high accuracy pendulums.

Atmospheric pressure

The effect of the surrounding air on a moving pendulum is comple) and re/uires fluid

mechanics to calculate precisely, but for most purposes its influence on the period

can be accounted for by three effects:

• !y Archimedes0 principle the effective weight of the bob is reduced by the

buoyancy of the air it displaces, while the mass 5inertia6 remains the same,

reducing the pendulum0s acceleration during its swing and increasing the period.

This depends on the air pressure and the density of the pendulum, but not its

shape.

• The pendulum carries an amount of air with it as it swings, and the mass of

this air increases the inertia of the pendulum, again reducing the acceleration

and increasing the period. This depends on both its density and shape.

• 8iscous air resistance slows the pendulum0s velocity. This has a negligible

effect on the period, but dissipates energy, reducing the amplitude. This reduces

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Edouard_Guillaumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alloyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient_of_thermal_expansionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riefler_escapementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elinvarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoring_forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fused_quartzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes'_principlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_(physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Edouard_Guillaumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alloyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient_of_thermal_expansionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riefler_escapementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elinvarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoring_forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fused_quartzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes'_principlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_(physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_resistance


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the pendulum0s factor , re/uiring a stronger drive force from the clock0s

mechanism to keep it moving, which causes increased disturbance to the period.

o increases in barometric pressure increase a pendulum0s period slightly due to the

first two effects, by about $."" seconds per day per kilopascal 5$.>D seconds per day

per inch of mercury or $.$"? seconds per day per torr 6. @esearchers using

pendulums to measure the acceleration of gravity had to correct the period for the air

pressure at the altitude of measurement, computing the e/uivalent period of a

pendulum swinging in vacuum. A pendulum clock was first operated in a constant-

pressure tank by


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Friction application in mechanical component

Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and

material elements sliding against each other. There are several types of friction:

• Dry friction resists relative lateral motion of two solid surfaces in contact. ;ry

friction is subdivided into static friction 5stiction6 between non-moving surfaces,

and kinetic friction between moving surfaces.

• Fluid friction describes the friction between layers within a viscous fluid that

are moving relative to each other.

• ubricated friction is a case of fluid friction where a fluid separates two solid

surfaces.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stictionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stictionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscous


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• S!in friction is a component of drag, the force resisting the motion of a fluid

across the surface of a body.

• "nternal friction is the force resisting motion between the elements making

up a solid material while it undergoes deformation.

7hen surfaces in contact move relative to each other, the friction between the two

surfaces converts kinetic energy into heat. This property can have dramatic

conse/uences, as illustrated by the use of friction created by rubbing pieces of wood

together to start a fire. Ninetic energy is converted to heat whenever motion with

friction occurs, for e)ample when a viscous fluid is stirred. Another important

conse/uence of many types of friction can be wear , which may lead to performance

degradation andor damage to components.


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&easurement

• A tribometer is an instrument that measures friction on a surface.

• A profilograph is a device used to measure pavement surface roughness.

1ousehold usage

•


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simple drilling processes to more comple) applications such as welding or punching,

!alance Engineering stands ready to help solve your balancing needs with any

number of standard and customied solutions.

Drilling $pplications

This method of balancing customer-specific parts utilies a drilling process to remove

metal for part correction. This process can be accomplished in a vertical or horiontal

attitude, and use any number of dfferent drill types and diameters. The appropriate

configuration will depend on specific part and production process re/uirements.

Typical parts utiliing this process include crankshafts, engine dampers, and other

rotating members with sufficient metal thickness to allow drilling without

compromising component integrity.

A newer technology used with great success on many of our machines is &inimum

uantity Lubrication 50&L06 drilling. @ather than pumping large /uantities of coolant

onto the part as necessary during a normal drilling operation, the &L method forces

small /uantities of coolant through the drilling tool and directly into the drill hole

during correction. This method allows faster drill speeds, resulting in shorter cycle


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times and enhanced formation and e)traction of drilling chips. The overall drilling

process is much cleaner. &L has become the preferred method employed by

!alance Engineering on our machines using drilling correction.

%rinding $pplications

(rinding is another commonly used method for balancing parts and assemblies. This

involves abrasive removal of material from specific areas on the part. This process

can be employed in either a vertical or horiontal attitude and use any number of

different grinding tooling, depending on the part configuration and correction

re/uirements. Typical parts utiliing grinding correction include flywheels, stators and

brake discs.

&illing $pplications

This method of balancing customer-specific parts utilies a milling process to remove

metal for part correction. &illing is generally employed for part configurations that do


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not lend themselves to any other metal removal correction process. Typical parts

using this process include brake rotors, brake drums and stator assemblies, among

others.

'ibbling ( 'otching $pplications

This method of balancing customer-specific parts utilies a metal removal process

known as nibbling or notching. This involves using specialied tooling to shear small

sections of material from the part edge surface at calculated vectors to achieve

specified balance. ormally accomplished in a horiontal attitude, nibblingnotching

removes metal from the outside diameter of any given rotor in any number of

heights, widths or depths. Typical parts utiliing this correction process include

various transmission components such as hubs or housings.

Piercing ( Punching $pplications

This method of balancing customer-specific parts utilies a metal removal process

known as piercing or punching. This involves using specialied tooling to remove

small sections of material from the part surface at pre-calculated vectors to achievespecified balance. *iercing or punching can be accomplished in either a horiontal or


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vertical attitude, employing any number of tooling shapes and sies to e)tract

material from a given part. Typical parts utiliing this correction process

include thinner metal components such as flywheels, hubs or housings.

Welding $pplications

This method of balancing customer-specific parts utilies a metal addition process

known as welding. This involves using specialied tooling for attaching pre-cut or

variable length metal weights onto the part surface at pre-calculated vectors to

achieve specified balance. 7eld correction can be accomplished in several different

ways, including pro9ection and spot welding. Typical parts utiliing this correction

process include tor/ue converters, turbine assemblies, a)ledifferential

assemblies and driveshafts, among others.

Current technology applied in belting system

teel belts are top of the milk for Tetra *ak

http://www.belttechnologies.com/steel-belts-are-top-of-the-milk-for-tetra-pak/http://www.belttechnologies.com/steel-belts-are-top-of-the-milk-for-tetra-pak/


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Tetra *ak has recently launched the Tetra Evero Aseptic oneFlitre F the first aseptic

carton bottle for milk.

The new carton combines the easy handling and pouring of a bottle with the

environmental and cost advantages of a carton. It is initially being aimed at the

ambient white milk market, including non-o)ygen sensitive enriched products,

including flavored milk and cream.

Bnlike traditional carton materials, which are aseptically sterilied before they are

formed into shape, the Tetro Evero Aseptic is pre-formed and not flat-packed,

meaning it re/uires an alternative approach.

The ma9ority of e)isting technologies for steriliing performed shapes rely on a gas-

condensation process. This process involves the gas condensing on the material

surface, but this is known to be comple) and difficult to control.

The Tetra Evero Aseptic, however, uses a new gas-phase steriliation techni/ue

which involves the cartons passing through a uni/ue aseptic chamber in pairs where

they are e)posed to hydrogen pero)ide. The gas comes into contact with the whole

preformed package F inside and out, removing any contaminants that might have

been present before entering the aseptic chamber.

The cartons travel on steel belts during this production process. The use of steel

belts is a highly hygienic alternative to using traditional plastic and ! conveyor

systems. "voiding the spread of contaminants is imperative in belt technology: steel

belts are far easier to clean than their plastic counterparts and do not need to be

lubricated in order to transmit power. This is important because germs and

potentially harmful bacteria are attracted to dust generated by lubricant grease,

which can potentially contaminate food or other products.

teel belts are not 9ust available as flat conveyors, they can be customied in many

ways and offer novel and e)citing solutions to a variety of complicated conveying

problems. !elts can be perforated with comple) patterns for timing, vacuum or

dosing applications.


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Together, the steel belt technology and the new gas-phase steriliation techni/ue

used in the production of the new Tetra Evero Aseptic have resulted in a highly

effective means of commercial sterility F an innovative development which should

now set the gold standard for the production of aseptic packaging across Europe and

the rest of the world.

Stainless Steel #elts Shine in Solar Cell $pplications

!elt Technologies, a leading provider of metal belt and conveyor systems, provides

photovoltaic manufacturers a more efficient means of producing solar cells that use

the sunOs energy to generate electricity. As the world makes significant moves

towards sustainability, manufacturers are continually searching for more efficientways to produce products that take advantage of renewable energy sources.

!elt TechnologiesO steel belts have provided manufacturers a more effective solution

for transporting components through the cell manufacturing process as well as final

panel assembly. Bsed in tabber and stringer operations, the belts provide many

benefits not found in alternative belting materials. The beltsO robust nature allows

them to be perforated and sustain accuracy in high-speed vacuum systems. As a

result, cells can be moved precisely to the re/uired welding spot to achieve

accuracies of ."mm or less in both the lateral and horiontal planes. Additionally,

stainless steel belts from !elt Technologies are able to resist the high temperatures

involved in laser soldering bus ribbons during the solar panel assembly process,

avoiding the /uality-threatening belt degradation commonly seen with plastic and

fabric belts. Their longevity under intense heat provides cost savings to

manufacturers as a result of fewer belt changes and reduced down time. Abrasion-

resistant release coatings prevent solder buildup and provide protection for the

various flu)es commonly used in the manufacturing process.


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Perforated Steel #elts "mprove )fficiency in #lood Filter Production

!elt Technologies has developed a perforated stainless steel belt that has

significantly improved production efficiency for a leading manufacturer of advanced

technologies in the separation of li/uids, solids, and gases. The belt, used to

transport pre-coated blood filter elements through a forced hot air drying chamber,

has streamlined the production process and helped *orous &edia orporation of t.

*aul, & achieve machine efficiencies in the '+-'#M range.

The beltOs large perforations allow for the ma)imum amount of airflow through anupper and lower belt, resulting in complete drying of the li/uid coating solution. Its

seamless non-stretch surface eliminates the threat of particulate debris being

introduced into the manufacturing environment, while allowing for a complete Pclean

and placeQ process, which cannot be done effectively with other belting materials. A

cycled belt cleaning operation can be performed simultaneously with the production

of the filters, eliminating the need for stoppages and resulting in machine efficiencies

in the upper '$M range. The productOs non-stretch properties result in better

positioning and increased accuracy.

http://www.belttechnologies.com/perforated-steel-belts-improve-efficiency-in-blood-filter-production/http://www.belttechnologies.com/perforated-steel-belts-improve-efficiency-in-blood-filter-production/


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"ndependent Pulley System Steers Flat #elts for *n+the+fly $d,ustments

!elt Technologies has developed a simple and effective pulley system for

independently steering flat belts while allowing for easy on-the-fly tracking

ad9ustments. The patented system provides a solution to tracking problems

encountered as a result of operating environment changes and also eliminates

downtime by allowing independent belt ad9ustments on a multi-pulley common shaft.

teering is accomplished by ad9usting the angle of the pulley relative to the belt and

modifying lateral tension. @ather than moving the pulley shaft through the use of

pillow block ad9ustments, the I* design fits a variable steering collar 5with either a

skewed or offset bore6 and a sealed bearing assembly to the body of the pulley.

7hen rotated, the collar changes the angle of the pulley body, resulting in the

controlled bi-directional movement of the belt across the pulley face.

http://www.belttechnologies.com/independent-pulley-system-steers-flat-belts-for-on-the-fly-adjustments/http://www.belttechnologies.com/independent-pulley-system-steers-flat-belts-for-on-the-fly-adjustments/


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'e- Stainless Steel Tapes Drive Robotic $rms

!elt Technologies has introduced a new high-performance line of stainless steel

drive tapes used in con9unction with A@A robots in atmospheric and vacuumwafer transport applications. The tapes provide significant advantages over

alternative drive methods including reduced vibration, improved accuracy, and a

cleaner manufacturing environment. @einforced with standard or custom end tabs,

!elt Technologies drive tapes are easy to install.

The low-mass, low-stretch properties of these tapes result in precision tolerances

with no outgassing and low hysteresis. mooth surfaces provide for a much cleaner

manufacturing environment by eliminating the particulate debris that is a common bi-

product of traditional systems. ;esigned to minimie vibration, these stainless steel

drive tapes allow for rapid acceleration, improved positioning accuracy, and high

levels of repeatability% resulting in better performance with increased throughput. !elt

Technologies stainless steel drive tapes can be customied for specific applications

in the nano-technology, solar and fuel cell, data storage, opto-electronics, L;LE;,

pharmaceutical, and biotech industries.

http://www.belttechnologies.com/new-stainless-steel-tapes-drive-robotic-arms/http://www.belttechnologies.com/new-stainless-steel-tapes-drive-robotic-arms/


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