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The Two-Factor Theory of Motivation

The Herzberg Theory

Two-Factor Theory of MotivationA theory that identifies two sets of factors that influence job satisfaction:

MotivatorsJob-content factors such as achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement, and the work itself

Hygiene FactorsJob-context variables such as salary, interpersonal relations, technical supervision, working conditions, and company policies and administration

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Herzberg’s Two-Factor TheoryHerzberg’s Two-Factor Theory

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Salary

Technical supervision

Company policies and administration

Interpersonal relations

Working conditions

Achievement

Recognition

Responsibility

Advancement

The work itself

Hygiene Factors Motivators

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The Two-Factor Theory of Motivation

The Herzberg Theory

The two-factor theory holds that motivators and hygiene factors relate to employee satisfaction – a more complex relationship than the traditional view that employees are either satisfied or dissatisfied

If hygiene factors are not taken care of or are deficient there will be dissatisfaction

There may be no dissatisfaction if hygiene factors are taken care of – there may be no satisfaction also

Only when motivators are present will there be satisfaction

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The Two-Factor Theory of Motivation

The Herzberg Theory

Hygiene factors help to prevent dissatisfaction – thus the term hygiene as it is used in the health field

Only motivators lead to satisfaction

Efforts to motivate human resources must provide: Recognition A chance to achieve and grow Advancement Interesting work

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Views of Satisfaction/DissatisfactionViews of Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction

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Traditional View

Dissatisfaction Satisfaction

Two-Factor View

(Hygiene Factors)

(Motivators)

Absent(Dissatisfaction)

Present(No Dissatisfaction)

Absent(No Satisfaction)

Present(Satisfaction)

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