Maslow’s Motivational Theory

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What is motivation?

Motivation refers to the individual, internal process that directs, energises and sustains a person’s behaviour.

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Motivation is complex

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Maslow’s theory of motivation

Abraham Maslow (1908–70), a psychologist, believed that all people have needs to be satisfied, and that they will work towards satisfying those needs. A need is what a person requires. He assumed these needs could be arranged according to their importance in a series of steps known as Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

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Maslow’s theory of motivation

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Physiological NeedLEVEL ONE

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air

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water

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food

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rest

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exercise

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Physical NeedsLEVEL ONE

• Air

• Water

• Food

• Rest

• Exercise

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Safety and security Needs

LEVEL TWOMonday, 22 July 13

safety

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security

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protectionMonday, 22 July 13

freedom from fear

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Safety NeedsLEVEL TWO

• Safety

• Security

• Protection

• Freedom from Fear

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Social NeedsLEVEL THREE

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loveMonday, 22 July 13

belongingnessMonday, 22 July 13

affection

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Communal NeedsLEVEL THREE

• love

• belongingness

• affection

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Esteem NeedsLEVEL FOUR

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strength

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statusMonday, 22 July 13

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Esteem NeedsLEVEL FOUR

• strength (esteem)

• status (esteem)

• Respect

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self-actualization needs

LEVEL FIVE

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Personal Growth and

Development

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Fulfillment

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Levels of the Pyramid

Self-Actualization

Esteem Needs

Communal Needs

Safety Needs

Physical Needs

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Monday, 22 July 13