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Landscape Architecture (EAPS4303)Lecturer 2

PLANTS IN LANDSCAPE

Msc. Arch. Nagham Ali Hasan

University of Palestine

Faculty of Applied Engineering & Urban Planning

Dept. of Architecture, Interior Design & Planning

Landscape architecture essentially involves organising and dividing land. Spaces are the result of this division and thus the primary medium of design. Spaces provide for different human uses and enjoyment of the landscape.

In this chapter ,

a series of conceptual frameworks for designing space are defined.

The organisation of space is described as a process of manipulating ground, ‘wall’ and ‘sky’ planes.

Types of enclosure and their characteristics and issues affecting the design of spaces including social, aesthetic and environmental aspects are explored and illustrated.

Examples of the use of topography, vegetation, structures and water in the formation of spaces are illustrated.

Space can be defined as … an area of land

enclosed, defined or adopted by people for human purposes

a medium and concept of landscape architecture

a place for outdoor activities

an enclosure the ‘opposite’ of form or

mass.

Ground, ‘wall’ and ‘sky’ planesFor design purposes a space can be thought of as an area

defined in three dimensions by:1. the ground plane,2. ‘wall’ or vertical planes,3. the ‘sky’ plane.

The design of spaces is not simply a process of organising planes and elements in abstract ways, but to enable places to function for people and nature.

People’s use and experience of spaces

The design of spaces should always be informed and underpinned by an understanding of different people’s needs and activities and experiences of landscapes.

Public spaces need to function for an extremely wide range of uses including:

social and recreational purposes, for example, gathering, eating, dancing

work, for example, buying, selling, mending, studying

health and fitness aesthetic and cultural

purposes (linked to social and recreational)

ecological and environmental purposes.

Geometry

Interpretation of existing site formscreation of spaces to provide for changed land use

Metaphor- symbol to generate form involves conceivingof or describing the landscape as another (normally)unrelated thing or action in a non-literal way. ‘Deadspace’, or ‘Space is flowing’ are examples of landscapemetaphor

is used in design with the intention that users of the landscape should understand and respond to the meaning(s) of the symbol(s).

Symbolism

Archetype

Archetypes can be described as similar forms or physicalarrangements of human environments which have beenrepeated or copied over long periods of time and continueto perform the same types of functions.

Vernacular refers to regionally distinct landscapes andlandscape forms created by people who were not usuallyprofessional designers.

Vernacular Historic paradigms

Space enclosure

Space and edges

Scale of space

Scale refers to the perceived relative size of parts of the landscape to each other, to human size and to the emotional effect of this relative size.

refer to relationships of parts of a landscape or to the size a person feels in relation to a landscape.

Scale can also refer to size in relation to human activity, for example: ‘this space is too small in scale for public events’.

Space relationships

Topographic space relationships

Sequence of spaces

Contrast and similarity