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Landscape Architecture (EAPS4303)Lecturer 2

PATHS IN LANDSCAPE

Msc. Arch. Nagham Ali Hasan

University of Palestine

Faculty of Applied Engineering & Urban Planning

Dept. of Architecture, Interior Design & Planning

Basic components Boundaries,

Designed (Kinds) according to:

1. Area

2. Security

3. Traditions

4. Style/ colour/ texture

5. Environment/ surroundings

6. Expenses/costs

Material

Plants

Wood

Concrete

Bricks

Water

Composite

Designed (Kinds) according to:

1. Area (kinds of the space)/ No. of entrances

2. Relationship to surrounding streets/ traffic

3. Elements: signs/ decorative elements

4. Materials: wood/ steel/ …

5. Style/ colour/ texture

6. Environment/ surroundings

7. Expenses/costs

Basic components Entrances and gates,

Designed (Kinds) according to

1. Material

2. Style

3. Function: moving/hiking

Principles

Quantity of movement

Compatible to style

Compatible to buildings‘ lines

Remaining areas

Start/ end

Function: moving/hiking

Technical construction

Basic components Paths/ ways/ walks/ trails,

Good path design is thus a primary method of enabling and encouraging access and enjoyment of the landscape

• The designer must be aware that what is sensed during movement in landscapes is:– constantly changing, with different views,– sounds, scents,– warmth, coolness, – brightness and shade

Path design Factors in design of width, form and surface influenced by:•Intensity and frequency•Perceived and safety and security

Official and unofficial paths

•People often prefer to walk on steeply -sloping ground rather thanuse steps with high risers,

•and will also make short cuts if a path on sloping ground appears to be too indirect.

Path

Long periods of travel though similar terrain can be boring.

Sequence and incident

Ecological ‘corridors’

1. Linear :-Organizing element for a series of space.It can be curvelinear or segmented , intersect other paths have pranches or form a loop.

2. Radial:-Linear paths extending from at central or common point .

3. Spiral : Single , conscious path originates from a central point revolved it .

4. Grid :Consist of two sets of parallel paths interested at regular intervals & create square or rectangular fields of space .

5. Composite: A combination of the preceding patterns.

Scale –form – length – place center of activity ( NODES).

Entrances to rooms & halls _ vertical elements.

Networks, Nodes and Foci• Different paths will have different functional purposes;

– direct access, – others for slower meandering exploration

•Networks:

• Junction are important

•Stopping, Meeting And Waiting

Locations.

•Path network designs also respond

to and integrate with foci (which are

often located at nodes).

paths and spaces.

• In surfaced spaces such as urban squares = it is unnecessary to consider paths as separate landscape forms

• In many vegetated and grassy landscapes, must study how to locate paths in relation to spaces.

Path Forms• Path forms can:

– have many similarities with those identified for spaces– Or be generated through narrative (telling a story through design forms) which may

draw heavily on metaphor and symbolism.

Form of Space

Geometry Interpretation of existing site formscreation of spaces to provide for changed landuse

Metaphorto generate form involves conceivingof or describing the landscape as another (normally)unrelated thing or action in a non-literal way. ‘Deadspace’, or ‘Space is flowing’ are examples of landscapemetaphor

is used in design with the intention that users of the landscapeshould understand and respond to the meaning(s)of the symbol(s).

Symbolism

Form of Space

Archetypes

Archetypes can be described as similar forms or physicalarrangements of human environments which have beenrepeated or copied over long periods of time and continueto perform the same types of functions.

Vernacular refers to regionally distinct landscapes andlandscape forms created by people who were not usuallyprofessional designers.

Vernacular Historic paradigms

Form of Space

Path Forms• Axis and meander:• Direct-Indirect

• Axis: order, power, control

• Meander: nature

degrees of enclosure• Varying the degrees of enclosure in the ‘wall’ and ‘sky’• walking through a path can be enlivened and made comfortable for example by controlling views, opening and closing glimpses, protecting from the elements and providing refuge along one edge.

Ramps: should be fully integrated in designs to enable full access to all.

•Staircase:1. can be barriers to

access.2. And exciting

landscape experiences,

•Landing: 1. always desirable2. are often

threshold spaces which enable transition as well as sitting, resting and viewing.