04 earthwork calculations spring 2012 - dadi
TRANSCRIPT
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CE403Construction Methodology
Earthwork
Volume
Calculations
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Construction Methodology2
Three Views Presented in ContractDocuments to Show EarthworkConstruction Features
1. Plan View
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Construction Methodology3
Three Views Presented in ContractDocuments to Show EarthworkConstruction Features
2. Profile
View
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Construction Methodology4
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Construction Methodology5
Earthwork Volume Calculations
Cross Sectional Methods
Trench Excavations Average End Method
Plan Area Methods
Four Corner Method
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Construction Methodology6
Trench Excavations
Volume = Cross Sectional Area X Length of Trench
Eg. Find the volume (bank measure) of excavation
required for a trench 3 ft (0.92 m) wide, 6 ft (1.8m)
deep, and 500 ft (152 m) long. Assume that the trench
sides will be approximately vertical
Solution:
X-section area: 3x6 = 18 sf
Volume: 18x500/27 = 333 BCY
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A1
A2
L
Average End Method
CYft27.0VF
A&AbetweenLengthL
SectionsAdjacentTwoofAreaA,A
2
AA
VF
LCFVolume,
3
21
21
21
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Reminder
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Average End Area Method Example
Calculate the area between two
end areas, 100 ft apart.
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Average End Method
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Average End Method
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A1
A3
A2
L
L
Average
End Method
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2
A...AA
2
A
VF
LV
:GeneralIn
2
AA
VF
L
2
AA
VF
LVolume
n
32
1
n
3221
Average End Method
A1
A3
A2
L
L
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Average End Area Example 2
Station End Area (sf) Distance (ft) Volume (cy)
150+00 360
151+00 10,200 100
152+00 18,000 100
153+00 23,500 100
154+00 12,600 100
155+00 5,940 100156+00 400 100
Total Volume
R ll
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Average End Area Example 2
From 150+00 to 151+00:
volume = (100*1/2*(360+10200))/27 = 19,556 CY
From 151+00 to 152+00
volume = (100*1/2*(10200+18000))/27 = 52,222 CY
From 152+00 to 153+00
volume = (100*1/2*(18000+23500))/27 = 76,852 CY
And so on and so on.
2
A...AA
2
A
VF
LV
:Recall
n
32
1
n
R ll
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Average End Area Example 2
Station End Area (sf) Distance (ft) Volume (cy)
150+00 360
151+00 10,200 100 19,556
152+00 18,000 100 52,222
153+00 23,500 100 76,852
154+00 12,600 100
155+00 5,940 100156+00 400 100
Total Volume
2
A...AA
2
A
VF
LV
:Recall
n
32
1
n
66,852
34,33311,741
261,556 cy
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Earthwork Volume Calculations
Cross Sectional Methods
Trench Excavations Average End Method
Plan Area Methods
Four Corner Method
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Construction Methodology19
Four Corner Method
FILLCUT
2
FILL
2
FILL
FILLCUT
2
CUT
2
CUT
FILL
CUT
HHVF4
HLV
HHVF4
HLV
ftCorners,atFILLofHeightsofH
ftCorners,atCUTofHeigthsofH
ftInterval,GridL
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Construction Methodology20
Four Corner Method
100
100
499.9 500.2
499.8 500.2
Final Elev.
= 500( ) ( )
( ) ( )CY11.9=0.1392.6=
0.3+0.4
0.2+0.1
27.04
100=V
CY21.2=0.2392.6=0.3+0.4
0.2+0.2
27.04
100=V
22
FILL
22
CUT
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Construction Methodology22
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Construction Methodology23
Grid Method
Volume is the area of
grid multiplied by the
difference between theexisting and the
proposed elevations.
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Construction Methodology24
Grid Method
Volume by
Layers
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Construction Methodology25
Contour
Method
UK Reservoir
Finish Elevations
Scale: 1= 40
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Construction Methodology26
Contour Method
VF
I
2
A...AA
2
A
VF
I
2
AAV
CY
ft27.0FactorConversionVolumeVF
ft.Interval,ElevationContourI
ftn,ContourbyenclosedAreaA
CY.FILL,orCUTofVolumeV
n32
1n
1i
1ii
3
2n
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Construction Methodology27
Contour
Method
UK Reservoir
Finish Elevations
Scale: 1= 40
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Construction Methodology28
Mass Diagrams
Shows two curves:
A continuous curve representing
the profile of the existing grade.
A continuous curve representing
the accumulated volume of
earthwork plotted against the
linear profile of the roadway.
Tells Us:
Quantities of Materials to cut and
fill
Average Haul Distances
Types of Equipment that should
be considered
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Construction Methodology29
Mass Diagrams - Definitions
Cut volume of excavation for a given cut
Fill volume of material to be added to anexisting terrain for a given fill
Waste volume of material that is required to
be hauled off site
Borrow volume of material that is required to
be brought on site.
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Construction Methodology30
Mass Diagram
Cut
Fill
Borrow
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Construction Methodology32
Mass Diagrams
Cut
Fill
A peak on the mass diagram
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Construction Methodology34
Turning Points
Balanced
Points
pea o e ass d ag acurve represents a point wherethe earthwork changes fromcut to fill.
A valley (low point) on themass diagram curve
represents a point where theearthwork changes from fill tocut.
When a horizontal lineintersects the curve at two ormore points, the accumulated
volumes at these points areequal.
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Construction Methodology35
The average
length of haul fora balanced
section.
The location and
amount of borrowand waste for the
project.
Borrow
Mass Diagrams
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