Economic equality for all through the distribution of property by the government

Primarily the result of the negative effects of the Industrial Revolutions on proletariat (workers)

Believed capitalism was seriously flawed

Wealth was concentrated in the hands of the few Unemployment and low wages

Supported productive capacity of industrialism, BUT denounced its management of wealth

often advocated for the creation of ideal communities without the ruthlessness of capitalism

Robert Owen – saw no incompatibility between a humane industrial environment and a good profit• envisioned communities where

people factory and farm workers lived together and shared their resources

• New Harmony, Indiana – fails due to quarrels amongst workers

Robert Owen, the Scottish industrialist and early socialist, created an ideal industrialcommunity at New Lanark, Scotland. He believed deeply in the power of education and saw that the children of workmen received sound educations.Picture Desk, Inc./Kobal Collection

Count Claude Henri de Saint-Simon –• Wanted a planned society in which

the public owned capital and industrial equipment

• Wanted the communities’ wealth managed by experts to achieve social harmony

Charles Fourier – advocated the construction of phalanxes – agrarian communities where people did different tasks everyday• All the skills needed to make a

society function were represented by its members

Louis Blanc believed every person had a right to a job

The state should provide work for the unemployed in gov’t-sponsored workshops

Workers should get to vote to improve economic status

Experienced short success in France

Auguste Blanqui—called for the violent overthrow of capitalism

Pierre-Joseph Proudhon—advocated for mutualisma system of small businesses cooperating in the exchange of goods• No need for gov’t since business will

exchange goods based on recognition of labor

Proletariat—the laboring class of society

Bourgeoisie—the middle class of society

Karl Marx – believed class conflict will eventually lead to the triumph of the industrial proletariat over the bourgeoisie and the abolition of private property and social class – becomes to be known as Marxism

Friedrich Engels• published The Condition of the Working Class

in England – presented a devastating picture of working conditions in industrial life

• joined with Marx to write Communist Manifesto – called for more radical change then socialism – the outright abolition of private property, rather than just the redistribution

Small group with one reader When teacher says “stop,” the reader

stops reading and everyone in the group writes down one thing that he/she remembers from the reading.

Continue until the reading is finished. Share your statements with the group. Develop one question about Karl Marx

Marx’s “un-utopian” forecast List and describe Marx’s 3 laws A friend in Friedrich Engels Focus of The Communist Manifesto Vision of society based on Marx Communism—the state will ______ away Communism--the ________haunting

Europe Message of Marx’s Capital

Economic View of History—economics shape history foremost

Class Struggle of History between “haves” and “have nots”• Capitalist versus proletariat

Working class will revolt and establish a new gov’t based on a collective, classless society

Capitalists take advantage of workers by not paying the true value of their labor• Difference between workers’ wage and price

of good is called the surplus value or profits for capitalistscreate class struggles

• Antagonist material forces produce changeeconomic determinism

Communism will result from a classless society, free of gov’t, and private property• “from each according to his ability to each

according to his needs”