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3f]/fxL, !* sflt{s . t'n;Lk'/gu/kflnsfnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L lgdf{0f ug{ yflnPsf] rqmkysf] /]vf+sg sfo{ sflt{s dlxgfleq z'? x'g] ePsf] 5 .

/]vf+sgsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ tof/L k"/f eO;s]sf] t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsfsf sfo{sf/L clws[t l8NnL/fh a]naf;]n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ ebf}leq} /]vf+sg z'?

ug] { of]hgf eP klg ljleGg k|fljlws ;d:ofsf sf/0f b'O{ dlxgf l9nf] x'g k'u]sf] xf] . /]vf+sg u/L k|f/lDes?kdf hUuf 5'6\ofpgsf nflu ;fgf lkn/ tof/ eO;s]sf] gu/kflnsfn]hgfPsf] 5 . $@ ld6/sf] /xg] pQm rqmkysf]xfn;Dd &) k|ltzteGbf a9L 6«ofs v'ln;s]sf]5 . …clwsf+z v08 k'/fg} 6«ofs /x]sf] 5Ú– a]naf;]n] eGg'eof]– …#) k|ltzt v08df eg]gof“ 6«ofs vf]Ng'kg] {5 .Ú clxn] gu/kflnsfn]

hUuf vf]Hg]x?sf] eL8 M ;'s'Daf;L e"ldxLgnfO{ hUufsf nflu lgj]bg lbg cfx\jfg u/]kl5 lhNnf ;'s'Daf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg ;ldlt bfªsf] sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg]x?sf] eL8 . tl:j/ M uf]ljGb v8\sf÷gof“ o'uaf]w

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t'n;Lk'/ , !* sflt{s . uPsf]z'qmjf/ t'n;Lk'/df 8] / f u/ ] / a:g]kf“r jifL{of Ps aflnsf ckx/0fdf k/L anfTs[t ePsf] cj:yfdf zlgjf/ 3f] / fxLdf e] l6Og\ . ckl/lrt dfG5]n] t'n;Lk'/af6 ckx/0f u/L 3f] / fxLdf anfTsf/u/ ]sf] aflnsfsf cfkmGtn]k|x/ Ldf ph'/ L lbP . o; ljifodf k|x/ Ln] d] l8sn l/kf]6{ tof/ u/L bf] ifLnfO{ vf] lh/x]sf] hgfPsf]5 . s]xLnfO{ cg';Gwfgsf qmddf lgoGq0fdf lnP/ 5f] l8Psf] k|x/ L hgfPsf] 5 .

pQm 36gfn] clwsf/sf]If]qdf sfd ug{] ;+3;+:yfb] lv gful/s ;dfh ;a} If]qdf t/Ë Nofof] . bf] ifLnfO{ tTsfn klxrfg u/ ] / sf/jfxL x'g'kg{] dfu rf}tkmL{ cfof] eg] c;'/Iff / dlxnf lx+;fsf] cGTodf / fHon] uDeL/tf

b]vfpg' kg{] clwsf/sdL{x?n]bafa lbO/x]sf 5g .

kf“r jifL{of aflnsf anfTs[t ePsf] / bf] ifLsf] vf]hL sfo{ eO/x]sf] a]nf ljhf} / Ldf k'gM Ps cf7 jifL{of aflnsf &# jifL{o k'?ifaf6 anfTs[t ePsf] ph'/ L k|x/ Ldf k/ ]sf] 5 . lahf} / L–! sf slj/fd ;'gf/nfO{ gfltgL gftf kg{]cf7 jifL{of aflnsfnfO{ anfTsf/u/ ]sf] cleof]udf k|x/ Ln] kqmfp u/ ]sf] 5 . Onfsf k|x/ L sfof{no t'n;Lk'/sf k|d'v rqm/ fh hf]zLn]aflnsfsf] hfx] / Lsf] cfwf/df &# jifL{o ;'gf/nfO{ anfTsf/sf]cleof]udf kqmfp ul/Psf]hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] .

d+unjf/ aflnsf anfTs[t ePsf] eGb} bf] ifLdfly sf/jfxLsf]dfu ub} { k|x/ Ldf ph'/ L k/ ]sf] xf] . Onfsf k|x/ L sfof{no t'n;Lk'/sf k|d'v Pj+ l8P;kL rqm/ fh hf]zLsf cg';f/ tLg–rf/ lbg

klxn] afh] gftf kg{] ;'gf/n] tL aflnsfdfly of}g b'Jo{jxf/ u/ ]sf]kfOPsf] atfpg'eof] .

hf]zLn] kLl8t aflnsfsf]/ fKtL c~rn c:ktfndf d] l8sn hf“r ePsf] / l/kf]6{x? cfO/x]sf]hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . pxf“n];a} l/kf]6{ cfPkl5 aflnsfsf]aofgcg';f/ cf/ f]kL ;'gf/nfO{ a'wjf/b] lv sfg'gL k|lqmof z'? ul/g] atfpg'eof] .

o;}u/L 3f]/fxL–! ;/f{sL Ps dlxnfnfO{ anfTsf/ u/]sf]cleof]udf kqmfp k/]sf % hgfnfO{ k"k{Ifsf nflu sf/fuf/rnfg ul/Psf] 5 eg] wgf{–& r}gk'/sL Ps dlxnfnfO{ anfTsf/k|of; u/]sf] cleof]udf kqmfp k/]sf Ps hgf k|x/L lx/f;tdf 5g\ . o;}u/L 3f]/fxL–$ a]nef/sL Ps lszf]/L anfTs[t ePsf] ph'/L k/]sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no bfªn]hgfPsf] 5 .

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3f]/fxL, !* sflt{s . bfªsf dlxnfx?sf]k|hgg\ :jf:Yo cj:yf hf]lvddf /x]sf] kfOPsf]5 . cf]/ ]s g]kfnn] ljleGg 7fp“df ;~rfng u/]sf]kf“r lbg] lgMz'Ns dlxnf :jf:Yo lzlj/df hfr u/fpg] dlxnfx?sf] k|hgg\ :jf:Yo hf]lvddf /x]sf] kfOPsf] xf] .

8'?jf, km"njf/L, t'n;Lk'/ / 3f]/fxLdf ;~rfng ul/Psf] :jf:Yo lzlj/df hf“r u/fpg]clwsf+z dlxnfx?df kf7]3/sf] ;+qmd0f b]lvPsf]/fKtL pkIf]qLo c:ktfnsf 8f= lbkLsf ;'j]bLn]hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

lzlj/df dlxnfx?df kf7]3/ v;]sf], SofG;/ePsf], kf7]3/sf] d'vdf ;+qmd0f ePsf], ;]tf] kfgL aUg], /Qm cNktf, z/Ll/s sdhf]/L, dfgl;s tgfjh:tf ;d:ofaf6 kLl8t e]l6Psf] 8f= ;'j]bLsf]egfO 5 . lzlj/df pkrf/sf nflu k'u]sf s]xL dlxnfx?n] pkrf/ gu/fO{ kf7]3/ v;]kl5 sk8f sf]r]/ /fv]sf], :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf hfg nfh dfGg]/ ;r]tgf gx'“bf cfkm\gf] :jf:Yo hf]lvddf kf/]sf]pxf“sf] egfO 5 .

lzlj/df kf7]3/ v;]sf] #! jif{kl5 hf“r u/fpg uPsf dlxnfx? klg e]l6Psf 5g\ . ufp“ / zx/sf dlxnfx?df k|hgg\ :jf:Yodf Vofn ug] { s'/fdf s'g} leGgtf g/x]sf] kfOPsf] /fKtL pkIf]qLo c:ktfnsf :6fkmg;{ /fwf kf}8]nn] atfpg'eof] . …dlxnfx?sf] k|hgg\ :jf:Yo cj:yf hf]lvd / gfh's 5 eGg] of] gd"gf xf]Ú– kf}8]nn] eGg'eof]– …zx/ /

ufp“sf ;a} dlxnfsf] k|hgg :jf:Yo hf]lvddf 5 eGg ;lsG5, sk8f sf]r]/ kf7]3/nfO{ c8\ofpg]dlxnfx? klg e]l6P .Ú t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsf– !) df Pp6L dlxnfsf] kf7]3/af6 b'O{j6f ?dfn lgsflnPsf] 5 . k|hgg :jf:Yo ;d:ofs} sf/0f clwsf+z dlxnfx?df dfgl;s tgfj, >Ldfg\af6 kL8f kfpg] u/]sf] dlxnfx? atfp“5g\ .

:jf:Yo ;+:yfx? dlxnfd}qL gx'g', pkrf/sf nflu kof{Kt pks/0f gx'g', nfh / ;+sf]r x'g'n]klg dlxnfx?sf] k|hgg\ :jf:Yo cj:yf gfh's /x]sf] cf]/ ]ssL dlxnf :jf:Yo k/fdz{stf{ bLkf

lwtfnn] atfpg'eof] . lzlj/ cGtu{t 8'?jfdf @ ;o !%, km"naf/Ldf @ ;o !%, t'n;Lk'/– * df $ ;o, !) df @ ;o &* / 3f]/fxL–& df ! ;o #% hgf dlxnfx?n] :jf:Yo hf“r u/fpg'sf ;fy}lgMz'Ns cf}iflw / k/fdz{ kfPsf cf]/ ]ssL sfo{qmd ;'k/efOh/ kßf rf}w/Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . o:t}@ ;o a9L dlxnfsf] kf7]3/df l/ªk|];/L /flvPsf]5 eg] Ps ;o a9L dlxnf kf7]3/sf] ck|];gsf nflu :s[lgª ePsf 5g\ . ufla;df :jf:Yo rf}sL / t'n;Lk'/df gu/kflnsfsf] ;xsfo{df lzlj/;~rfng ul/Psf] xf] .

dlxnfsf] k|hgg\ :jf:Yo hf]lvddf

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sf7df8f} +, !* sflt{s . k|d'v ;Qf?9 bnx?n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;Djfb ;ldltdf ;ft k|b]zsf] k|:tfj k]z u/]kl5 k|d'v bnx?aLrsf]b"/L a9]sf] 5 . cfkm"x?nfO{ a]jf:tf u/]/;QfkIfn] k]Ng vf]h]sf] eGb} ljkIfL bnx?n];8s cfGbf]ngdf hfg] r]tfjgL lbPkl5 bnx?aLrsf] b"/L a9]sf] xf] .

bnx?aLr ;xdltsf] ;§f w|'jLs/0f a9\g yfn]kl5 ljkIfL bnx?n] ;8snfO{ hf]8 lbg yfn]sf 5g\ eg] ;Qf?9 bnx? h;/L klg ;+ljwfg;efdf k|:tfj nu]/ b'O{ ltxfOaf6 kfl/t u/fpg] dgl:yltdf b]lvG5g\ . ;xdltsf nflu k'gM 5nkmn ug] { eGb} ;f]djf/ a}7s :ylut u/]sf bnx?n] d+unjf/ klg s'g};xdlt ug{ ;s]gg\ a? ljleGg d~rdfkm{t cfkm\gf c8fg alnof];“u /fVgd} bnx? ;lqmo ag] . d+unjf/sf] ;Djfb ;ldltsf] a}7sn]sf+u|];–Pdfn]sf] ;ft k|b]zsf] k|:tfjdfly s'g} lg0f{o ug{ g;Sbf ;f] k|:tfj ;ldltd}cnkq k/]sf] 5 . s'g} lg0f{o gu/L a}7s clglZrtsfnsf nflu :ylut ul/Psf] 5 . ;ldltsf ;efklt 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{n] ;xdlt vf]Hg lg/Gt/ ;Djfb ;ldltaf6 kxn ug] { atfpg'eof] .

;ldltsf] a}7sdf sf+u|]; / Pdfn]s}sltko ;ef;bx?n] ;f´f cjwf/0ffsf]cfnf]rgf u/]sf lyP . To:t} s]xL ;ef;bn];f´f cjwf/0ffsf] j}wflgstfdfly g} k|Zg p7fPsf lyP . sf+u|]; ;ef;b cd/]zs'df/l;+xn] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt / ;+;bLo bnnfO{ s'g} hfgsf/L g} glbO{ cjwf/0ff to ul/Psf]eGb} pQm cjwf/0ff kf6L{sf] geO{ kf6L{sf s]xL g]tfsf] dfq ePsf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] afx|a'“b];Demf}tf / j[xt\ zflGt ;Demf}tfljk/Lt cfPsf]of] k|:tfjdfly 5nkmn ug'{sf] cf}lrTo g/x]sf]bfaL ug'{eof] .

To;f] t ljkIfLx?sf] s8f la/f]w cfpg yfn]kl5 ;f]djf/ ;xdlt hgfPsf] elgPsf]g]skf dfn]n] klg d+unjf/ kf]ln6Ao"/f]a}7sdfkm{t sf+u|];–Pdfn]sf] k|:tfjn] hftLo klxrfg / ;dtfd"ns ;dfh lgdf{0fnfO{ a]jf:tf u/]sf] eGb} ;dy{g gug] { lg0f{o u/]sf]5 .c8fg bf]xf]¥ofp“b} g]tfx?

o;}aLr d+unjf/ Pp6} d~rdf cfPsf k|d'v bnsf g]tfx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] c8fg bf]xf]¥ofpg'afx]s ;xdltsf] s'g} ldnglaGb'af/]5nkmn u/]gg\ . l/kf]6{;\ Snjsf] sfo{qmddf Pdfcf]jfbL g]tf clUgk|;fb ;fksf]6fn] g]kfnL sf+u|]; / Pdfn];lxtsf ;Qf?9 bnn] NofPsf];femf k|:tfj dx]Gb|kysf] if8\oGq ePsfn]o;sf] e08fkmf]/ ;8s / ;bgaf6 ug] { r]tfjgL lbg'eof] . pxf“n] ;f] k|:tfjdfly 5nkmn g}gx'g] u/L cfkm"x?n] vf/]h ul/lbPsf] bfjL ub} { kf“ry/af6 e08fkmf]/ cleofgsf] z'?jft;d]t eO/x]sf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

sf+u|]; g]tf /d]z n]vsn] df3 * ut]leq ;+ljwfg hf/L ug] { ljifodf ;xdlt x'g g;s]kl5 ;Qf?9 bnx?n] ;femf k|:tfj k]z ug'{k/]sf] :ki6 kfb} { cfkm"x?n] k]z u/]sf]k|:tfj ;+j}wflgs /fhgLlts ;Djfb tyf ;xdlt ;ldltn] ;+ljwfg;efdf k]z ug'{kg] { atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] lgodfjnLd} ;xdlt /c;xdltsf k|:tfj k]z ug'{kg] { Joj:yf /x]sfn]cfkm\gf] k|:tfjn] ;+ljwfg cfp“b}g ls eGg]cfz+sf d]6]sf] bfaL ug'{eof] .

Pdfn] ;lrj k|bLk 1jfnLn] ;xdlt x'g g;s]kl5 cfkm"x?n] NofPsf] k|:tfj b]Vg]lalQs} pQ]lht x'g'kg] { cfjZostf g/x]sf]atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] d'n's ;'xfp“bf] / ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] lx;fan] k|:tfj NofPsf] bfaL ub} { ;+3Lotf / zf;sLo :j¿k ;fWo geO{ ;fwgdfq ePsfn] o;af6 s;}n] cflQg' gkg] { atfpg'eof] .

;'j0f{ cj;/t'n;Lk'/ 3f]/fxL ;8s v08sf] df]ltk'/, :jfut u]6g]/ ;"o{

k]6«f]n kDkb]lv !)) ld= / /fKtL nfOkm s]o/ xl:k6nsf] blIf0ftkm{ cfsif{s ;'ljwf ;DkGg 38]/Lx? ;'ky d"Nodf laqmLdf 5 .

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;'ljwf != vfg]kfgL kfO{k nfO{g ePsf] .@= lah'nL aQL, 6]lnkmf]g nufot ;Dk"0f{ ;'ljwf .#= u|fe]n kSsL af6f] ePsf] .$= dgf]x/ b[Zo Pj+ zfGt jftfj/0f ePsf] .%= cfwf k};f lbP/ 38]/L lng'xf];\ cfwf k};fsf] nflu kmfOgfG;sf] ;'ljwf .^= cfjZostf cg';f/ df]x8f kfOg] .

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sf7df8f} +, !* sflt{s . g]kfn kqsf/dxf;+3n] kqsf/sf] xslxt, Jofj;flos bIftf tyf Ifdtf a[l4sf nflu …/fli6«o cfd;~rf/ k|lzIf0f k|lti7fgÚ hlt;Sbf]l56f] lgdf{0f ug{ ;/sf/;“u cfu|x u/]sf]5 .

dxf;+3sf cWoIf 8f= dx]Gb| lji6;lxtsf] 6f]nL l;+xb/af/l:yt ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnodf k'uL dGqL 8f= dLg]Gb| l/hfnnfO{ dxf;+3sf] nDh'ªsf] 3n]ufp“df xfn} ;DkGg t];|f] a}7sn] u/]sf lg0f{oaf/] hfgsf/L u/fp“b} ;f] k|lti7fg b'|t ultdf lgdf{0f ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] xf] .

cfd;~rf/dfWodsf 5fkf, /]l8of], 6]lnlehg / cgnfOg dfWoddf sfd ug] { >dhLjL kqsf/nfO{ ljwf ljifos 1fg, ;Lk tyf cEof;;DaGwL tflnd lbg ;f]k|lti7fgsf] cfjZostf ePsf] dxf;+3sf cWoIf lji6n] atfpg'eof] . >dhLjL kqsf/ P]g sfof{Gjog x'g g;Sbf kqsf/n];dod} tna gkfpg], lgo'lQmkqlagf sfd ug'{kg] {nufotsf ljleGg ;d:of /x]sf] klg pxf“n] dGqL l/hfnnfO{ cjut u/fpg'eof] .

dGqL l/hfnn] …/fli6«o cfd;~rf/k|lzIf0f k|lti7fgÚ lgdf{0fsf nflu 5nkmn cl3 al9;s]sf] / ;s];Dd cfkm"

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d'l:nd ;d'bfon] df]x/dsf] cj;/df d+unjf/ 3f]/fxL ahf/df lgsfn]sf] emf“sL . tl:j/M uf]ljGb v8\sf÷gofF o'uaf]w

q uf]ljGb v8\sf

3f]/fxL, !* sflt{s . ;a}6f]naf;Ln] cfkm"n] kf]sf] kf/]/ vf]N;fdf kmfn]sf] kmf]x/ 3/ lkmtf{ Nofpg'kg] { 3f]/fxL–^ sf] v/s§L 6f]n ljsf; ;+:yfn] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . ;f]daf/ a;]sf]a}7sn] gu/kflnsfsf] kmf]x/ af]Sg] uf8L x/]s t];|f] ;f]daf/ hfg] ePsfn] aflx/gb]vfpg] ePsf] xf] .

o;cl3 :yfgLon] vf/vf]nfdf nu]/ grflxg] a:t' hyfefjL kmfn]sf lyP . cem w]/ } kmf]x/ vfg]kfgL d'xfgglhs y'kf/]sf lyP . kfgL eg{ hf“bf vf]nfdf kmfNg ;lhnf] x'g] ePsfn]wf/fsf] glhs kmf]x/sf] 8+u'/agfPsf lyP . v'nf lb;fd'Qm ePkl5 k"0f{;/;kmfOdf gd"gf aGg] nIo /x]sf]6f]n ;lrj lbg]z cf]nLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . j8f ;/;kmfOsf] ;d]t ;lrj

/x]sf cf]nLn] rf“8} Knfli6sd'Qm 6f]n agfO{ gu/kflnsfsf] klxnf] aGg] nIf /fv]sf] atfpg'eof] . 6f]nsf 7fp“–7fp“df / wf/fx?df kmf]x/ hDdf ug] { 8f]sf]/flvg] ePsf] 5 .

o;}u/L a}7sn] nf]km/x?nfO{ SofDk agfO{ a:g glbg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . ljleGgy/Lsf o'jf nf]km/x? hDDff x'g], r'/f]6 /S;L vfg] / lbgel/ tf; v]Ng]u/]/ afnaflnsfnfO{ l;sfpg] vt/f a9]sf] eGb} a}7sn] ;a} 6f]nnfO{ ;r]t agfPsf] 5 . pgLx?n] vfPsf r'/f]6, ;'tL{ / k'sf/sf kf]sf hyfefjL kmfn]/kmf]x/ agfPsf] lgisif{ a}7sn] lgsfn]sf]5 . cfkm"x? hDdf ePs} 7fp“glhs v'nf lb;f u/]/ pgLx?n] 6f]nnfO{ ;tfPsf 5g\ . ;"rgf lbbf klg nf]km/x? rf]s, af6f] / rf}/df hDdf x'g g5f]8]s'g} 3/df cf>o agfP/ a:g nfu]df k|x/LnfO{ va/ ug] { ePsf 5g\ .

:yfgLoaf;Lx?n] s;}n] klg cfkm\gf aRrfnfO{ af6f]df u'Rrf v]Ng glbg]lg0f{o u/]sf 5g\ . :yfgLo afnaflnsfx? k9n]v gu/L ;f“em laxfgsf] ;do u'Rrf v]n]/ latfPsfn] ] k9fOdf sdhf]/ x'“b}uPsf 5g\ eg] Psy/L afnaflnsf nf]km/ l6ddf nflu;s]sf 5g\ . tLg rf/lbgdf 3/ cfpg], /flt ca]/ ;'Tg kmls{g], pgLx? uPsf] 7fp“ yfxf gx'g]nufotsf ;d:of a9\b} uPsf 5g\ . s]xL cu|h cu'jf nf]km/x?sf] af6f] afnaflnsfn]k5\ofPsf] eGb} 6f]nn] lrGtf JoQm u/]sf]5 .

6f]n ljsf; ;+:yfsf cWoIf ;Demgf 3tL{sf] cWoIftfdf a;]sf]a}7sn] b]p;L e}nf]af6 ;+sng ePsf]bz xhf/ ?k}of“ 6f]ndf cfjZos jfBafbgsf ;fwg lsGg vr{ ug] { /s'g} lsl;dsf] ef]h gug] { lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

q k|tLs OR5's zdf{

;Nofg, !* sflt{s . lhNnfsf]b]j:yn–( 3f6ufp“, a/]nL, k'nahf/ /! gfd|fsf :yfgLoaf;Lx? e]/L gbLsf]kfgL vfg afWo 5g\ . b'O{ j8fsf b'O{ ;o %) 3/w'/L ePsf ufp“sf Ps xhf/ b'O{ ;osf] xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf :yfgLoaf;Lx? ;ft jif{b]lv e]/L gbLsf] kfgL vfg afWo ePsf 5g\ .

k~rfotsfndf ufp“;Ddsf nflu vfg]kfgL of]hgf ;~rfngdf cfP klg d'xfgdf kfgL ;'Sg'sf ;fy} kfOk lalu|P/ufp“df kfgL cfpg 5f]8]sf] 3f6ufpsL cd[tf k'gn] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n]eGg'eof]– …wf/fdf vfg]kfgL cfpg 5f]8]kl5 e]/L gbLaf6 kfgL NofP/ k|of]u ug] { u/]sf 5f} + .Ú

:yfgLox?n] uflj;, lhlj;nufot ufp“ k'Ug] u}/;/sf/L lgsfosf k|ltlglw;“u k6s–k6s vfg]kfgL of]hgf dfu u/]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . vfg]kfgLsf] cefjdf glhs} /x]sf]e]/L gbLaf6 kfgL Nofpg] u/]sf]/fh]Gb| vqLn] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n]eGg'eof]– …e]/L gbLsf] b"lift kfgL vfgfn] ljleGg /f]usf] lzsf/ ePsf 5f} + .Ú kmf]x/ kfgL lkp“bf ?3fvf]sL, emf8fkvfnf, z/L/ lrnfpg]nufotsf /f]un] ;d]t ;tfpg] u/]sf] vqLsf]egfO 5 .

lxp“bofd / udL{ofddf kfgL ;kmf h:tf] b]lvP klg jiff{sf] ;dodf df6f], lxnfDd] tyf wldnf] kfgL vfg' kbf{ lrGtf nfUg] u/]sf] &( jifL{of 6Lsf a'9fsf] egfO 5 . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …xfd|f]

b'Mv a'em\g] sf] xf]nf / <Ú e]/L gbL;“u} hf]l8Psf gfd|f /

3f6ufp“sf afnaflnsf kfgL lng glhs}/x]sf] e]/L gbLdf hf“bf aUg] u/]sf 5g\ . jif] {gL Ps b'O{hgfsf] Hofg e]/L gbLn] lng] u/]sf] lj/dL ljsn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …vfg]kfgL lng hf“bf ufp“b]lv e]/L tn k/]sfn]af6f] cK7]/f]sf ;fy} hf]lvd df]n]/ lx“8\g'kg{] afWotf 5 .

o:t} e]/L gbL;“u} hf]l8Psf ?s'dsf]rf}/hxf/L, 3f6frf}/, sf]tL{, ;NnLahf/, /fsdnufotsf cf;kf;sf afl;Gbfx?n]e]/L gbLdf 6\jfOn]6sf kfOkx?af6 lb;f km\of“Sg] u/]sf 5g\ . e]/L gbLdf htftt} kmf]x/ kmfNg] sfo{n] Jofkstf kfPsf] lrqaxfb'/ 3tL{n] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …dflg;sf] rfk a9];“u} clxn] ljutsf] eGbf xfn cfP/ e]/L gbLsf] kfgL lgs} k|b"lift

ePsf] 5 . gbL 5]p5fpsf :yfgLo ahf/sf] nflu e]/L gbL kmf]x/ kvfNg]If]q ag]sf] 5 .

gfd|fsf nflu kf“r lsnf]ld6/, afd]–^ kf]v/f / 3f6ufp“sf nflu # lsldsf] b"/Ldf /x]sf] dfNk]df kfgLsf]d'xfg /x]sf] 5 . o;cl3 3fh/Llkkn ;'gf}nL jhf/df /x]sf] d'xfgaf6 kfgL ;NnLahf/, b]j:yn;Dd NofOPsf] 5 . Tof] kfgL cfkm\gf] ufp“;Dd lj:tf/ ug'{kg] { :yfgLo gGbf ljssf] egfO 5 . ufp“df kfgL Nofpgsf nflu kfgLsf d'xfg w]/ }6f9f /x]sfn] cfkm"x?n] Nofpg g;s]sf]:yfgLox?sf] egfO 5 . cfkm"x?sf]cfly{s cj:yf sdhf]/ /x]sfn]vfg]kfgL Nofpg g:sg] ultlzn dlxnf ;d"x 3f6ufp“sL ;lrj d]3L lj;Lsf] egfO 5 . pxf“n]eGg'eof]– …xfd|f nflu sf]xL ePgg\ .Ú

3f6ufp“Faf;L e]/L gbLsf] kfgL vfgf afWo

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

t'n;Lk'/, !* sflt{s . xnjf/–% uxt]/f lgjf;L s[i0faxfb'/ jnLn] cfkm\gf 5f]/fsf] hLjg /Iff ul/lbg ;a};“u ofrgf ug'{ePsf]5 . cfkmgf 5f]/f !% jifL{o gf/fo0f jnLsf] v'§fdf SofG;/ ePsfn] eljio cGof}ndf k/]sf] x'“bf dfgjLo gftfn] ;Sbf] ;xof]usf] nflu ofrgf ug'{ePsf] xf] .

pxf“n] l/kf]6{;\ Sna g]kfn bfª zfvfdf kqsf/;Dd]ng u/L To:tf]ofrgf ug'{ePsf] xf] . Snasf cWoIf z/b /]UdLsf] cWoIftfdf kqsf/

;Dd]ng ePsf] lyof] .b"w/f; dfljdf sIff

gf} df cWog/t 5f]/f gf/fo0fsf] ljleGg :yfgdf pkrf/sf qmddf c9fO nfv ?k}of“ hlt vr{ ePsf]/ yk vr{ ug{] cfly{s x}l;ot gePsf] x'“bf dfgjLo g f t f n ]cfly{s ;xof]usf nflu kLl8tsf afh]?kaxfb'/e08f/Ln] cfu|x ug'{eof] ] . ;xof]u ug{ rfxg] JolQmn]gf/fo0f jnLsf a'jfsf]df]afOn gDa/ (*%*^@^)(! cyjf l/kf]6{;\ Snasf cWoIf /]UdLsf] df]afOn gDa/(*%&*@)&!# df ;Dks{ ug{ cfx\jfg ul/Psf] 5 .

SofG;/kLl8t lszf]/åf/f pkrf/sf] ofrgf

vf]N;fsf] kmf]x/ 3/ lkmtf{

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! c;f]h @)

ut] 3f]/fxLaf6 ndxLtkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km]nf kfg'{x'g]dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7]ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .gfd M nLnf/fd rf}w/L /fxbfgL g+= M $%(^((*7] ufgf M 3f]/fxL–!!, bfª ;Dks{ M (*)^@@%##!

nfO;]G; x/fPsf] ;"rgf †d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] df]6/;fOsnsf] nfO;]G; ldlt @)&!

sflt{s !% ut] t'n;Lk'/af6 g]kfnu~htkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf]xF'“bf km]nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7]ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .gfd M b'uf{ /f]sf nfO;]G; g+= M )!)–!#(()^ -e]/L_7] ufgf M lqj]0fL uf=lj=;=–!, ;Nofg ;Dks{ M (*^*^^#*^*

lzIfssf] cfjZostf

o; ljBfnosf] df=lj= txsf lj1fg lzIfs ;|f]tJolQmsf] ?kdf sfo{/t ePsf]n] lghsf] ;§fdf lzIfs kbk"lt{ ug{ k|ydk6s ldlt @)&!.)^.*, bf];|f]k6s @)&!.)^.@#, t];|f]k6s @)&!.)&.)@ / rf}yf]k6s @)&!.)&.!@ ut] k|sflzt ;"rgfcg';f/ Ps hgfdfq cWofkg cg'dltkq k|fKt pDd]bjf/sf] b/vf:t k|fKt ePsf] x'Fbf k'gM kfFrf}+k6s o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t k|lt:kwf{af6 of]Uo pDd]bjf/ 5gf]6 u/L kbk"lt{ ug{ b]xfosf lgod kl/lwleq /xL cfk\mgf] of]Uotfsf k|df0fkqx?sf] k|ltlnlk;d]t ;+nUg u/L b/vf:t k]z ug{ of]Uotf k|fKt OR5's g]kfnL gful/snfO{ cfx\jfg ul/G5 . != kb M dfWolds lzIfs -;§f_ @= ljifo M lj1fg–ul0ft– ! hgf#= z}lIfs of]Uotf M lj1fg -ef}lts zf:q_ df slDtdf :gfts pQL0f{$= 5gf]6 k|lqmof M lnlvt k/LIff, cGtjf{tf{, cfjZos ePdf sIff cjnf]sg%= lgo'lQmsf] lsl;d M s/f/ ^= tna M g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgod adf]lhd&= b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&!.)&.@%*= ;Dks{ ldlt M @)&!.)&.@^ (= k/LIff x'g] ldlt / :yfg M ;Dks{ ldltdf tf]lsg]!)= k/LIff b:t'/ M !))).–;Dks{ kmf]g M (*$&*#!#%%, (*%&*#$&^$ljbfsf] ;dodf klg ljBfnodf kmf/fd a'emfpg ;lsg] .

k|wfgfWofks>L p=df=lj= 8f“8fufp“, uf]UnL, bfª

kf“rf}+k6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)&!.)&.!(

cfjZostfo; ljBfnosf] k|f=lj= txdf c+u|]hL ljifo cWofkg ug{

;Sg] Pshgf of]Uo / cg'ejL lzIfs cfjZos k/]sf]n] b/vf:t cfx\jfg ul/G5 .of]Uotf M cfO=P=, cfO=P8= jf ;f] ;/xb/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&!.)&.@% ut];Ddk/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt, df}lvs / cGtjf{tf{b/vf:t b:t'/ M ?= @)).– -b'O{ ;o dfq_;Dks{ ldlt M @)&!.)&.@% ut];Dks{ kmf]g g+= M )*@–%#))%$ ;+of]hs

kbk"lt{ ;ldlt>L kz'klt ljBf>d p=df=lj= gf/fo0fk'/, bfª

efvf gf3]sf] C0f a'emfpg cfpg]af/] @! lbg] ;"rgf †

o; ;+:yfsf tkl;nsf z]o/ ;b:ox?n] ;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] C0fsf] ls:tf / Jofh cfkm"n] ul/lbPsf] zt{cg';f/ ga'emfPsfn] lghx?;Fu kmf]g ;Dks{, k|ToIf e]63f6, tfs]tfkq, 3/b}nf] sfo{qmd ubf{ tf]lsPsf] ldltdf a'emfpg] egL ;+:yfnfO{ k|lta4tfkq ;d]t ul/lbP/ klg xfn;Dd C0f ga'emfPsf]n] ;+:yfsf] C0f Joj:yfkg gLlt Pj+ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ cfhsf ldltb]lv @! lbgleq cfk\mgf] efvf gf3]sf] C0f a'emfpg cfpg'x'g ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . pQm ldltleq klg cfkm"n] a'emfpg'kg]{ /sd ga'emfPdf lwtf] lnnfdL k|lqmofåf/f C0f c;'nLsf] sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fpg ;+:yf afWo x'g] Joxf]/f;d]t o;} ;"rgfåf/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

tkl;n

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&! sflt{s !( ut]

qm= C0fL ;b:osf] gfd y/ C0f lwtf]sf] ljj/0f;+= zLif{s lwtf] lbg]sf] ljj/0f lwtf]!= gfd M lgg]Gb| /fO{ -;=g+= ##_ pBf]u gfd M v8\saxfb'/ rGb| lhNnf M bfª

7]ufgf M t'n;Lk'/–^, 8'd|LufpF 7]ufgf M zflGtgu/–# uflj;÷gkf M aofn] l;dtf/fafa'sf] gfd M g]qaxfb/ /fO{ a'afsf] gfd M sfnLaxfb'/ rGb j8f g+=M ! safh]sf] gfd M dLgaxfb'/ afh]sf] gfd M Rofª\u rGb ls=g+= @%)

If]qkmn M )–*–!@À@= gfd M k|]d s'= a'9fyf]sL -;=g+= ##_ ejg gfd M ;hn clwsf/L lhNnf M bfª

7]ufgf M t'n;Lk'/–^, a?jfufpF 7]ufgf M p/x/L–@ uflj;÷gkf M p/x/Lafa'sf] gfd M df]xgnfn a'9fyf]sL afa'sf] gfd M afdb]j clwsf/L j8f g+= M # safh]sf] gfd M eLdaxfb'/ a'9fyf]sL afh]sf] gfd M lvdfgGb clwsf/L ls=g+= M #@!, &#, &!, %^!

If]qkmn M )–$– ,̂ )–%–! ,̂ )–@–!&, )–@–)#= gfd M uf]df s'= yfkf -;=g+= #(*_ ;]jf gfd M dbgb]j lu/L lhNnf M bfª

7]ufgf M t'n;Lk'/–% s nfOg 7]ufgf M 3f]/fxL–* uflj;÷gkf M ;]jf/ agufpFkltsf] gfd M b'uf{axfb'/ yfkf a'afsf] gfd M ;'efg lu/L j8f g+= M ! s;;'/fsf] gfd M s'naxfb'/ yfkf afh]sf] gfd M /g' lu/L ls=g+= M @@%

If]qkmn M )–$–!^À$= gfd M s[i0f 8+uf]n -;=g+= @$%_ ;]jf gfd M ;f]j0ff{b]jL cfrfo{ lhNnf M bfª

7]ufgf M t'n;Lk'/–^, a?jfufpF 7]ufgf M dfgk'/–$ nxnf}/f uflj;÷gkf M dfgk'/afa'sf] gfd M /3'gfy 8+uf]n kltsf] gfd M /fdbf; j8f g+= M $ s, $ 3, $ ªafh]sf] gfd M efh'dfg 8+uf]n ;;'/fsf] gfd M 6Lsf/fd ls=g+= M $^,@(,#),#$,^&,!**,@@%,#)$

If]qkmnM )–!–!*, )–$–!!, )–@–!, )–)–!&,)–)–!^,)–)–!@,)–)–!), )–)–!

/fKtL ljZjf;L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 -/lkmsf]n_ t'n;Lk'/, bfª

lj=Jo=;=sf] lgjf{rg;DaGwL ;"rgf †lj=Jo=;=sf] lgjf{rg sfo{qmd o; k|sf/ /x]sf] ;DalGwt

;a}df hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .!= cleefjsx?sf] klxnf] gfdfjnL k|sfzg tyf gfdfjnLdfly bfaL lj/f]w gfd yk

ug]{, gfd x6fpg], gfd ;+zf]wg ug]{;d]t ldlt @)&!.)&.!( b]lv @% ut];Dd .@= cleefjssf] gfdfjnL ;+zf]wgdfly k/]sf] lgj]bgpk/ 5fgljg @)&!.)&.@^ ut]#= gfdfjnL ;+zf]wgdfly lg0f{o Pj+ cleefjsx?sf] clGtd gfdfjnL k|sfzg

@)&!.)&.@&$= pDd]bjf/x?sf] dgf]gogkq btf{ @)&!.)&.@( laxfg !) b]lv !@ ah];Dd%= pDd]bjf/dflysf] bfaL lj/f]w @)&!.)&.@( ut] !@ ah]b]lv ! ah];Dd^= pDd]bjf/x?sf] bfaL lj/f]wdflysf] lg0f{o Pj+ bf];|f] gfdfjnL k|sfzg

@)&!.)&.@( ut] ! ah]b]lv @ ah];Dd&= pDd]bjf/n] gfd lkmtf{ lng] Pj+ pDd]bjf/sf] clGtd gfdfjnL k|sfzg

@)&!.)&.@( ut] @ ah]b]lv # ah];Dd*= pDd]bjf/nfO{ lgjf{rg lrGx k|bfg tyf lgjf{rg;DaGwL cfrf/;+lxtf lgdf{0f

@)&!.)&.@( ut] lbpF;f] # b]lv $ ah];Dd(= lgjf{rg ldlt @)&!.)*.@ ut] laxfg * ah]b]lv lbpF;f] @ ah];Dd / @ ah];Dd

dtbftfx? dtbfg If]qleq k|j]z ul/;Sg'kg]{5 .!)= pDd]bjf/x?n] cWoIfsf] xsdf @% jif{ pd]/ k'u]sf] g]kfnL gful/stfsf]

gf]6/L klAnsaf6 k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk tyf z}lIfs of]Uotf sIff * jf ;f] ;/xeGbf dflysf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk gf]6/L klAnsaf6 k|dfl0ft ePsf] x'g'kg]{5 . ;b:ox?sf] xsdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd g]kfnL gful/stfsf] -@% jif{ k"/f ePsf]_ k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk k]z ug'{kg]{5 .

!!= cWoIf kbsf] nflu b/vf:t b:t'/ ?= @))).– / ;b:o kbsf] nflu ?= %)).– gub lgj]bg ;fy k]z ug'{kg]{5 .

!@= lgjf{rgdf ljho ePsf / k/flht ePsf pDd]bjf/x?sf] b/vf:t b:t'/ gfd lkmtf{ lng] ;doeGbf k5fl8 lkmtf{ ul/g] 5}g .

!#= dgf]gogsf] 9fFrf ljBfnon] pknAw u/fpg]5 .!$= ;do gf3L cfPsf] / /Lt gk'u]sf] lgj]bgpk/ s'g} sfo{jfxL ul/g] 5}g .

lgjf{rg ;+of]hs>L lgDg dfWolds ljBfno b'n}of

/fhk'/–@ b]=, bfª

j} b] lzs / f] huf/ Lsf nflu ;'j0f{ cj;/o; v'Da' cf] e/ l;h ;Dks{ sfof{no bfªdf stf/ KFC sDkgLdf >Ldfg\–>LdtL ;Fu} hfg ;lsg] dfu ePsfn] hfg rfxg] OR5's JolQmx?n] ;SsnL /fxbfgL;lxt t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf .

b] z sDkgLsf] gfd sfdbf/sf] kb ;+Vof ;do tna vfg÷a:g stf/ KFC Bike driver 100 9 hrs Rs 40,500 5÷5 stf/ KFC Team member (male/Female) 200 9 hrs Rs 32,500 5} g÷5

;Dks{ M v'Da' cf] e/ l;h;Dks{ sfof{no M t'n;Lk'/ rf] sb] lv pQ/ –klZrd u0ftGq Pkm=Pd=sf] cufl8

k|bLk s] =;L=– (*%&*#)@#^, (*)@(#)@#^lrqaxfb'/ lai6– (*)!#@*#@%, (*%&*#$)(%

a'l4 s] =;L= (*)!##)@!&, (*$&*^%!%) b] a] Gb| v8\sf– (*)!##)!$(

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

3f]/fxL, !* sflt{s . au]Zj/L 8f“uL aGw' 6«i6sf ;+:yfks cWoIf bfª b'w/f; lgjf;L ltnsaxfb'/ 8f‘uL /pxf‘sf efO dfgaxfb'/ 8f‘uLn];+o'Qm?kdf 8f‘uL aGw' 6«i6df ! nfv ̂ ) xhf/ ?k}of“sf] cIfosf]if :yfkgf ug'{ePsf] 5 .

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gjk|ltef s[ifs ;xsf/L ;+:Yff lnld6]8 l;;xlgofsf cWoIf k|]dnfn rf}w/Ln] cfkm\gf b'O{ ufp“ ;u|fk'/ /au|fk'/nfO{ gd"gf agfpg yfn]sf]atfpg'eof] . …bft[ ;+:yfx? tfn, ?kfGt/0f g]kfn, gtL{ / u9jf ;dGjo ;ldlt, lhNnf jg, o'P;PcfO{8L, u|fdL0f dlxnf pTyfg s]Gb|nufotsf];xof]udf ufp“n]x? ;a} ldn]/ g]kfnL ;+:sf/sf] afgLnfO{ kl/jt{g ub{}ufp“nfO{ g} gd"gf agfpg] kxndf 5f} +Ú pxf“n] eGg'eof] . ;xsf/Lsf ;lrj wlg/fd rf}w/L Ps jif{df l;;xlgofdf xhf/f} + :jb]zL ljb]zL ko{6sx? leœofpg] u'?of]hgf agfPsf]atfpg'x'G5 .

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rf}w/Ln] cfkm\gf] ufp“nfO{ g]kfn / ljZjdf lrgfpg] wf]sf] /x]sf]atfpg'eof] . …sfd xfdLn] u5f{} +, nufgL bft[ lgsfon] lbG5g\, tL lgsfox?sf]k|]/0ffdf ufp“ gd"gfof]Uo aGGf yfn]sf]5Ú– pgLx?n] eg] . l;;xlgofsf];u|fk'/ / au|fk'/ jfof]Uof“; gd"gf ufp“sf] ?kdf 3f]if0ff eO;s]sf 5g\ . olt dfq xf]Og Toxf‘“sf ls;fgx?n] lhNNffd} gd"gfsf ?kdf t/sf/L v]tL u/]sf 5g\ . ;xsf/Ldfkm{t aLpm a} +s / ;+sng s]Gb| :yfkgf u/L df};d dfkg s]Gb|;d]t v8f u/]sf 5g\ .

…;xsf/Ldfkm{t lgod agfP/kfn}kfnf] ufp“sf uNnL ;kmf u5f} +{, 7fp“–7fp“df kmf]x/ kmfNg] 8:6ljg /fv]sf 5f} +, ls;fgn] pTkfbg u/]sf t/sf/L / vfBfGg sn]Szg ;]G6/af6 laqmL u5f{} Ú–+ cWoIf k|]dnfnn] eGg'eof] . ufp“nfO{ yk df]8]n len]hsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{ pgLx?n] cGo sfo{qmd klg agfPsf 5g\ . ;+u|fxno :yfkgf ug] {, xf]d:6] ;~rfng u/L ko{6s leœofpg], df};dL tyf ljdf};dL t/sf/L v]tL / ax'd'No ;'ulGwt t]n pTkfbg x'g] h8La'6L v]tL u/L ufp“sf ;a} ls;fg cfTDflge{/ u/fpg]sfo{of]hgf /x]sf] rf}w/Ln] atfpg' eof] . ufp“sf ;a} 3/–3/df kmf]x/kmfNg] 8:6ljg /fVg], s[ifs kf7zfnf :yfkgf / ;do–;dodf ls;fgx?nfO{ e|d0f cg'udg u/fpg] nIf /x]sf]pgLx?n] atfP . ufp“nfO{ gd"gf agfpg bft[ lgsfon] xfn;Dd !# nfv $@ xhf/ ( ;o cg'bfg lbPsf]/ yk cg'bfgsf] cfzf /fv]sf] rf}w/Ln]atfpg'eof] .

;xsf/Ldfkm{t a:tLnfO{ gd"gf agfO“b}

anfTsf/sf 36gfdf ;d"xsf] Wofgfsif{0f

t'n;Lk'/, !* sflt{s -o';_– lbgfg'lbg cfk/flws 36gfx? /anfTsf/sf 36gf al9/x]sf]eGb} ;Dafb ;d"x If]qLo ;lrjfno t'n;Lk'/n] uDeL/Wofgfsif{g ePsf] atfPsf] 5 .

;Dafb ;d"xsf] If]qLo ;lrjfnosf] lgoldt a}7sn]To:tf 36gfx? b}lgsh;f]eO/x]sf] eGb} To;k|lt /fHonfO{ uDeL/ x'g cfu|x;d]t u/]sf]5 . a}7sn] ;d"xsf] tkm{af6 To:tf 36gfx?sf] Go"gLs/0fsf nflu cleofg yfNg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . cfk/flws 36gfsf]Go"gLs/0fsf nflu /fHonfO{ bafa lbg / 36gf Go"gLs/0fdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg cleofg yfNg] ;Dafb ;d"x If]qLo ;lrjfnosf ;xhstf{ ;'zLn a:g]tn] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .

If]qLo ;b:o lji0f'dl0f lwtfnsf] cWoIftfdf a;]sf]a}7sn] lhNnfdf ;~rfng ePsf] r'/ ] ;+/If0f cleofg / ef}lts lgdf{0f tyf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] sfddf k/]sf]c;/sf af/]df ;d]t cWoog / 5nkmn ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf]5 . a}7sdf ;d"xn] ljutdf u/]sf sfd / ca ug{ ;Sg]sfdx?sf] af/]df ;d]t ;dLIff ul/Psf] lyof] . a}7sdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf k"j{;x;lrj lji0f's'df/ b]jsf]6f, k"j{ gu/k|d'v 9'08L/fh nfld5fg], gful/s ;dfhsf ;+of]hs 6Lsf/fd /]UdLn] lhNnfdf cfk/flws 36gfx? lgoldt ?kdf eO/x]sf] eGb} lrGtf JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pxf“x?n]o;sf] Go"gLs/0fdf nflu /fHon] kxnsbdL rfNg'kg{]atfpg'eof] . pxf“x?n] o:tf 36gfx? /f]Vg ;Dafb ;d"xn]cleofg yfNg'kg{] atfpg'eof] .

sfo{qmd ;+of]hs rGb|axfb'/ rf}w/Ln] ljifo k|j]z u/fpg'ePsf] a}7sdf /fdhL rf}w/L, ss{6 rf}w/L, Ps/fh v8sf, hfgsf /]UdL, ;fljqf cfrfo{, lgd{n g]kfnL, dx]z l/hfn, wlg/fd rf}w/Lnufotn]cfk/flws 36gfx?sf] :ynut cg'udg u/L /f]syfdsf nflu cleofg yfNg'kg{] atfpg'eof] . pxf“x?n] o:tf 36gfx? /f]Sg /fHo uDeL/tfk"j{s nfUg'kg{]atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmdsf];xhLs/0f ;xhstf{ ;'zLn a:g]tn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

pdfljdf tfnfaGbL

q dlgiff >]i7

/f]Nkf, !* sflt{s . @$ cf} + ljZj vfB lbj;sf] cj;/df /f]Nkfsf tLg s[ifs k'/:s[t ePsf 5g\ .

lhNnfdf klxnf]k6s /fi6«klt pTs[i6 k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] xf] . s]Gb|Lo of]hgfcg';f/ lhNnfn] 5gf]6 u/]/ k7fPsf s[ifsx?nfO{ pQm k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf]xf] . /fª\;L uflj;–% sf 5ljs'df/ >]i7, 3tL{ufp“ uflj;–* sf /gl;+x a'9f / lnafª uflj;–$ sf 1fgaxfb'/ 3tL{ k'/:s[t x'g'ePsf] xf] . ljleGg k|sf/sf t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"n v]tLaf6 /fd|f] cfocfh{g u/]sf] eGb} pxf“x?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] xf] . k|df0fkq / k|ltAolQm ?= !) xhf/ lbP/tL s[ifsx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly n'saxfb'/ If]qL /:yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L bL3{axfb'/ kf]v|]nn]tL s[ifsx?nfO{ bf];Nnf Pj+ km"ndfnf nufP/ ;Ddfg ug'{ePsf] xf] .

sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v cltly If]qLn]o; jif{sf] kfl/jfl/s v]tL ;a}nfO{ v'jfcf} + df6f]kfgL k[YjLnfO{ hf]ufcf} + eGg] d"n gf/fnfO{ Jojl:yt ub} { Jofj;flos v]tL u/f} +, cfTdlge{/ agf} + eGg] gf/f casf lbgdf x'g'kg] {df hf]8 lbg'eof] . lhNNffdf cGgafnL eGbf kmnkm"n tyf h8La'6L v]tLsf] ;Defjgf /fd|f] ePsf] eGb} o;tkm{ ljz]if kxn ul/g]

al/i7 s[lif ljsf; clws[t lszf]/ kGtn]atfpg'eof] . lhNnfdf Jofj;flos t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"n v]tLnfO{ cleofgs} ?kdf cufl8 a9fOg] of]hgf kGtn] ;'gfpg'eof] . lhNnf k/Dk/fut v]tLk|0ffnL / ef}uf]lns jftfj/0fsf sf/0f cGgafnLdf cfTdlge{/aGg g;ls/x]sf] eGb} pxf“n] ca lhNnfdf alnof] ;Defjgf ePsf t/sf/L / kmnkm"n v]tLsf] of]hgf Nofpg] / s[ifsx?nfO{ klg To;tkm{ hfu?s agfpg] atfpg'eof] .

;f] cj;/df ljZj vfB lbj;sf]cj;/df cfof]lht lgaGw k|ltof]lutfdf ;xefuL laBfyL{x?nfO{ klg k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no /f]Nkfsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] sfo{qmdsf];efkltTj :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L bL3{/fh kf]v|]nn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf];~rfng afuafgL ljsf; clws[t ljsf; v/]nn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

tLg ls;fgnfO{ /fi6«klt k'/:sf/

s6]hdf hf]/L3f]/fxL, !* sflt{s -o';_– 3f]/fxL–!

;/f{l:yt l8NnL s6]hdf ;f]djf/ /flt rf]/L ePsf] 5 . rf]/n] /flt s6]hsf] em\ofn kmf]8]/ gub !) xhf/ / cGo ;fdfg nu]sf] :yfgLo gf/fo0f kf]v] |nn] hfgsf/L lbg'ePsf] 5 . ;f] s6]h ;/f{ c:yfoL k|x/L rf}sLb]lv Ps ;o ld6/ hlt klZrddf /x]sf] 5 .

ljrf/$ a'wjf/, !( sflt{s @)&!

/fHosf sfd sf/jfxL v'nf / kf/bzL{ agfO{ gful/sk|lt hjfkmb]xL/ lhDd]jf/ agfpg ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL P]g @)^$ cfPsf] lyof] .;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL sfg'gL Joj:yfn] e|i6frf/ Go"gLs/0f ug{ / ;/sf/LlgsfonfO{ hjfkmb]xL tyf lhDd]jf/ agfO{ nf]stGqsf] ;'b[9Ls/0fdfdxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]N5 . ;"rgfsf] xs ljZjJofkL?kdf df}lns xssf]?kdf :yflkt x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ljZjdf k|]; :jtGqtf, dfgj clwsf// ;"rgfsf] xssf nflu w]/} cfGbf]ng ePsf 5g\ . dfgjclwsf/;DaGwLljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq, ljleGg ;lGw dxf;lGwn] ;"rgfsf] xsnfO{dfgjclwsf/sf] ?kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . ;"rgfsf] xssf] cefjdfzflGt ;+:yfut x'g g;Sg] lhsL/ klg x'Fb} cfPsf] kfOG5 . nfdf]ax;kl5 g]kfndf klg ;"rgfsf] xssf] ljifo P]g agfP/ ;Daf]wgul/Psf] cj:yf 5 .

;"rgfsf] xs eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf /x]sf] ;fj{hlgs dxTjsf];"rgf dfUg kfpg] gful/ssf] clwsf/ xf] . o;n] ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf/x]sf s'g} lnvt ;fdu|L jf ;f] lgsfosf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] cWoog jfcjnf]sg ug]{, To:tf] lnvtsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk k|fKt ug]{, ;fj{hlgsdxTjsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ eO/x]sf] :ynsf] e|d0f cjnf]sg ug]{, s'g};fdu|Lsf] k|dfl0ft gd"gf lng] jf s'g} klg lsl;dsf] oGqdf /flvPsf];"rgf To:tf] oGqdfkm{t k|fKt ug]{ clwsf/ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . To:t}P]gn] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, cv08tf, /fli6«o ;'/Iff, ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'Joj:yf,ck/fw cg';Gwfgdf afwf l;h{gf ug]{, hfthflt jf ;Dk|bfoaLrsf];';DaGwdf vnn kfg]{, JolQmut uf]kgLotf, Hofg, ;DklQ, :jf:Yo jf;'/Iffdf vnn kfg]{ ;"rgf lbg gldNg] ;"rgfsf] ?kdf JofVof u/]sf]klg 5 . ;"rgf pknAw u/fpg'kg]{ To:tf ;fj{hlgs lgsfoleq ;/sf/Lsfof{no, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf, wfld{s ;+3;+:yf, /fhgLlts bn, ;+3;+u7g, ljleGg pkef]Qmf ;ldlth:tf ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L If]qkb{5g\ . ;fj{hlgs dxTjsf] ;"rgfdf cfd gful/ssf] kx'FrnfO{ ;/n/ ;xh agfO{ gful/ssf] ;';"lrt x'g kfpg] xsnfO{ ;+/If0f ug{] lbzfdfP]gn] dfu{ k|z:t u/]sf] 5 .

;"rgfsf] xs sfof{Gjog gx'g'sf k5fl8 of] P]gn] cfd gful/ssf];"rgfsf] xssf] s'/f ug]{ eP klg cfd?kdf To;/L P]g :yflkt x'g;s]sf] 5}g . To:t} ;"rgf lng]lbg] s'/f ;~rf/sdL{;Fu dfq ;GalGwteP h;/L a'em\g] ul/Fbf P]gk|lt gful/s pbfl;gtf klg 5Fb}5 . ;"rgfsf]xs;DaGwL P]gaf/] cfjZos k|rf/ k|;f/ gx'Fbf P]gaf/] ;j{;fwf/0f;Ddhfgsf/L k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL P]g cg';f/ ;"rgfdfu ug{ cfpg] gful/snfO{ ;xh / ;/n?kdf ;"rgf pknAw u/fpg'kg]{lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt lgsfosf] tf]lsPsf] clwsf/Lsf] x'g cfpF5 . k|To]stLg–tLg dlxgfdf ;"rgfsf] ;lqmo ;fj{hlgsLs/0f ug]{ / ;"rgf k|jfxug{ gldNg] ;"rgf eP ;f]sf] hfgsf/L lgj]bsnfO{ lbg'kg]{ Joj:yf P]gn]u/]sf] eP klg ;lhnf]sf] nflu cfkm" cg's"n eP ;lhn} ;"rgf lbg] /cfkm\gf k|lts"n h:tf] nfu] lbg ldNg] ;"rgf eP klg lbg gldNg];"rgfsf] ?kdf cYof{P/ gful/snfO{ ;"rgfsf] xsaf6 lad'v kfl/Fb}cfPsf] u'gf;f] klg a]nf–a]nfdf ;'lgFb} cfPsf] 5 .

sfg"g aGg' t/ sfof{Gjog gx'g' xfdLsxfF 8/nfUbf] /f]u 5 . sfg"gsf]dfu ub}{ bafa, sfg"g sfof{Gjogsf nflu km]l/ csf]{ bafa l;h{gf ug'{xfdL ;a}sf] afWotf aGb} cfPsf] 5 . cGo y'k|} sfg"gh:t} ;"rgfsf]xsaf/]sf] P]g sfof{Gjog gePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . JolQmsf] lrghfg,kx'Frsf e/df / Jofjxfl/stfsf] gfddf ;"rgf lng] / lbg] sfd eO/x]sf]5 . lg/Gt/ lgaf{w?kdf ;fj{hlgs ug'{kg]{ ;"rgfx? ;fj{hlgs eO/x]sf5}gg\ . o;f] x'Fbf o;sf] k|ToIf df/df ;j{;fwf/0f gful/s kb}{ cfPsf5g\ eg] o;n] hjfkmb]xLtfdfly k|Zg klg p7fPsf] 5 .

;fwg, ;|f]t / kof{Kt sd{rf/Lsf] cefjdf ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwLP]gn] Joj:yf u/]cg'?k ;"rgf clwsf/L tf]Sg g;lsPsf], ;"rgfcBfjlws /fVg gl;sPsf] h:tf s'/fx? klg plQs} ;'lgg] u5{g\ .Tof] cfGtl/s cfjZostfsf] s'/f eof] h;nfO{ ljefu of dGqfnoaf6dfu u/L ;'Nemfpg'kg]{ ljifo eof] . t/ P]g ag]/ nfu" eO;s]kl5 P]gadf]lhd lgjf{w ?kdf P]g adf]lhd ;"rgf kfpg' gful/ssf] clwsf/ xf]eg] ;xh pknAw u/fpg' ;]jf k|bfos sfof{no tyf ;+:yfx?sf]bfloTj xf] . slDtdf ;DalGwt ;a} sfof{non] ;"rgf clwsf/L tf]Sg],tLg–tLg dlxgfdf lg/Gt/ lgaf{w?kdf ;fj{hlgs ug'{kg]{ ;"rgfx?;fj{hlgs ug]{, gful/sn] dfu u/]sf ;"rgfx? lgaf{w?kdf pknAwu/fpg] bfloTj lgaf{x u/L gful/ssf] ;"rgfsf] xssf] ;Ddfg ug'{k5{ .

;"rgfsf] xs sfof{Gjogsf] ;Gbe{

sf+u|]; Pdfn]sf] k|:tfj ;+3Lotf geO{ ef}uf]lns ljefhg dfqxf] . sf+u|]; Pdfn]n] k|:tfj k'glj{rf/ u/L hgtf dfem hfg'sf] ljsNk5}g .

– k'iksdn bfxfn ……k|r08ÚÚ -Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf_

aGbLx?sf] cj:yf b]Vbf pgLx?nfO{ /fHon] 3f]/ oftgf lbg/fv] h:tf] b]lvof] . aGbL eg]sf /fHosf kfx'gf x'g\ . clxn] h]nnfO{;'wf/ u[x elgG5 . dfgj clwsf/sf b[li6n] aGbLx?nfO{ sf]rfsf]r u/]//fVg' ck/fw xf] .

– ;'bLk kf7s -dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf_

ca klg lxGb" clw/fHo v8f ub}{ a:g] xf] eg] wfld{s ;'wf/sfcu'jf dfwj/fh hf]zLx?n] slt~h]n h]n ;hfo ef]Ub} a:nfg\ < pgsfk'q z'qm/fh zf:qLx?n] gful/s clwsf/ k|flKtsf nflu lxGb" wd{zf:qsfcfwf/df lbOPsf] kmfF;Lsf] ;hfo sltk6s ;xFb} a:nfg\ .

– /fh]Gb| dxh{g -n]vs_

olb xft d'v h:t} v'§fnfO{ klg ;w} ;kmf /fVg] xf] eg] v'§fn]lstfa s'Nrg, v'§fn] s]xL sfd ug{ lsg gx'g] < kfk} nfUg] lyof] eg]t emdss'df/L l3ld/] h:tf ;flxTosf/x? h;n] v'§fs} e/df ;+;f/lhlt/x]sf 5g\ s] pgLx? kfkaf6 d'Qm x'Gy] / <

– t'n;f a:g]t -n]vs_

s;n] s] eg] <

blIf0ftkm{ l;/fg u/L ;'Tgfn] cy{ nfe x'G5 .

nnjj ccllwwssff//LL --zz++ss//__

lljj::tt[[tt hhffggssff//LLssff]] nnfflluu ddff]]aaffOOnnddff

LA 66ffOOkk uu//LL @@$$@@^̂ ddff PP;;PPddPP;; uu//ff }+ .

gof‘ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf bnLo;xdlt h'6]g, bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efdfklg . ;QfkIf / k|ltkIf cnu– cnuwf/df uP . Ps o'udf Psk6s cfpg]jf x'g] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjnfO{ klglgoldt ;+;bLo lgjf{rgh:tf] /;fj{ef}d;Qf;DkGg ;+ljwfg;efnfO{Aoj:yflksf ;+;bh:tf] agfpg] glh/a;fn] . aflx/af6 em§ x]bf{ / ;'Gbfk|b]zsf] ;+Vof / gfddf ljjfb /x\of],b]lvof] . sf+u]|;–Pdfn];lxtsf k'/fgf; +;bj fb L bnx? Psf lt/ clgPdfcf]jfbL / dw]zjfbL;lxtsf bnx?csf]{lt/ eP . sf+u|];–Pdfn]x? b'O{ltxfO{ax'dt k'¥ofP/, k| lqmofdf uP/,cfkm\g}vfn] ;+ljwfg agfpg] af6f]lt/nfu] . Pdfcf]jfbL;lxtsf dw]zjfbLbnx? cfGbf]ngdf hfg] eP . b]z cakm]l/ /fhgLlts d'7e]8df hfg] lglZrteof] . sf+u|];–Pdfn]n] lbg] ;+ljwfgPdfcf]jfbL / dw]zjfbLn] gdfGg] clgdw]zjfbL / Pdfcf]jfbLn] rfx]h:tf];+ ljwfg clxn]sf] ;+ljwfg;efsf]agf]6af6 gcfpg] ePkl5 åGå /d'7e]8sf] ljsNk ePg . oL / o:t}o:t} ljifo clxn] ;jf{lws rrf{df 5g\;bg / ;8sdf .

ljjfb ;txdf h] b]lvG5 Tof] tcfj/0f dfq xf] . leqsf] lvr8L ksfO{cs}{ klg x'g;S5 . /fhgLltdf ;Qfk|d'v xf] . c? ;a} v]n jf ljjfb ;Qfk|flKtsf nflu cfwf/ x'g\, tof/L x'g\,To;}sf jl/kl/ 3'D5g\, x'G5g\ . d /d]/f] kf6L{ ;Qfdf eP ;a} 7Ls gq ;a}a]7Ls eGg] dfgl;stf /x]kl5 slxNo}klg ;xdlt x'‘b}g, h'6\b}g . nf]sfrf/sfnflu eP jf h'6] klg l6sfp x‘'b}g .;xdlt x'gsf nflu b'a}kIf v'zL x'g]jftfj/0f aGg'k5{, To;f] x'g g;s]cSs/df kg'{ jf kfg'{k5{ . b'a} kIfn]7Ss/ vfg'k5{ . Iflt Aoxf]/]sf] x'g'k5{,b'u{ltn] b'Mv lbO/x]sf] x'g'k5{ / cb[ZozlQm s]Gb|af6 cfb]z klg cfpg'k5{ .ta dfq x'G5, gq x'‘b}g . clxn] To:tf]5}g, b]lvb}g .

tTsfnLg ;ftbn / dfcf]jfbLaLrlbNnLdf !@ a'‘b] ;xdlt x'g'df klgcSs/ / 7Ss/n] e"ldsf v]n]sf] lyof] .To:t} kl/l:ylt tof/ ePsf] lyof] /afx\o zlQmåf/f b'a} kIfnfO{ /fd|};‘uvfl/Psf] lyof], ta aNn eof] . gqsxf‘ x'GYof] / Tof] a]nf klg < ufx|f]lyof] lg . df]xg j}B …ls/0fÚ / ;LkLuh'/]n …uf}/jÚnfO{ ef/tsf h]ndf y'g]/,cfkm}n] cftÍsf/L 3f]lift u/]/ 6fpsfsf]df]n tf]s]/ OG6/kf]ndfkm{t /]8sg{/gf]l6; hf/L ul/;s]sf;‘u e]6jftf{sf]

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pRr kb:y JolQmx?sf]pkl:ylt b]lvg' Pp6f;sf/fTds kIf xf] . t/ o;;‘u}+hf]l8Psf ljleGgvfnsf gfrx?h:t} ;f]/7L df?gLsf b[Zox?b]lvPgg\ . cfh eGbf $–% jif{cufl8 b]lvg] %–& j6f sf7]lkªo; jif{ Pp6f klg b]lvPgg\ .s]jn b]lvof] ls oxf‘sf ;a}d]nfx?df Pp6f dfql;h{gzLnsf] kmnfd] lkª .d]nfdf 7fp‘–7fp‘af6 cfpg]ljleGg ?k / z}nLsfemf‘sL;lxtsf e}nf]x? x\jfQ}3l6;s] . oL d]nfdf dfq xf]Ogufp‘3/df v]lng] e}nf] klgs]6fs]6Ldf dfq ;Lldt ePsf]5 . Tof] klg 8]u / cl8of]k|of]u u/]/ P]ltxfl;stfdflytf]8df]8 ul/b}5 . Tolt dfqxf]Og ljutsf lbgx?df d]nfdfx'g] :yfgLo pTkflbt a:t'x?sf]

kl/jt{g, ?kfGt/0f, z';f;g /va/bf/L cfkm\gf] 3/af6} z'? x'G5 . ufp‘;dfh, I f ]q , / f i6 « x ‘ ' b } of ]cGt/f{li6«o:t/;Dd k'Ug] ub{5 . o;sf]z'?jft 3/sf k|To]s ;b:on] ug'{kb{5 .lhNnf :yfgLo ;~rf/ dfWodsf] 3/ xf]Toxf‘ x'g] x/]s ultljlwx? pgLx?sf nflu;fj{hlgs rf;f]sf ljifo aGg ;S5g\ .g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df lhNNnf ljsf; ;ldlt,gu/kflnsf / ufp‘ ljsf; ;ldlt :yfgLolgsfox? x 'g \   . o:tf lgsfosf ]cg'udgstf{sf] ?kdf :yfgLo ;~rf/dfWodnfO{ lng ;lsG5 .

hgtfsf k|ToIf ;/f]sf/sf ljifox?s[lif, vfg]kfgL tyf a:tL ljsf;, hnljB't\,lgdf{0f tyf oftfoft, e"ld;'wf/ tyf e"ldJoj:yfkg, dlxnf ljsf; tyf ;fdflhs;'/Iff, jg tyf jftfj/0f, lzIff tyf v]ns"b,l;+rfO{, e"–Ifo / gbL lgoGq0f, 3/]n'pBf]u, :jf:Yo / :yfgLo ko{6g, ;8styf 9n;DaGwL If]qx?df :yfgLo ;~rf/dfWodsf] lgu/fgLdf /xg] ub{5g\ .cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# n] ljs]Gb|Ls/0ftyf clwsf/sf] lgIf]k0fsf] dfWodåf/f:yfgLo :t/b]lv g} hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf]k|of]u ug]{ cg's"n jftfj/0f agfO{ d'n'ssf]zf;g Joj:yfdf hgtfsf] a9L ;xeflutfa9fpg] / hgtfnfO{ :yfgLo:t/df g} ;]jfpknAw u/fpg] tyf nf ]stGqsf ]:yfgLo:t/b]lv g} ;+/rgfut ljsf; ug{:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ g} hjfkmb]xL agfpgsfg"gdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf// :yfgLo lgsfoaLr lhDd]jf/L / /fh:jkl/rfng af‘8kmf‘8 x'g]5 egL ;an, ;Ifd:yfgLo ;/sf/sf] kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] 5 .ufp‘ ljsf; P]g @)$*, gu/kflnsf P]g@)$* / lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt P]g @)$*/ :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g @)%% sf]dd{cg';f/ g} hgtfn] ;dod} ;]jf;'ljwfkfpg] ub{5 h;sf] nflu ;~rf/ dfWodsf]va/bf/L cfjZos 5 .

:yfgLo cfjZostfsf] klxrfg ug]{,;|f]t;fwg h'6fpg ;Ifd x'g], of]hgfsf]th'{df, sfof{Gjog, cg'udg / d"Nof+sgug]{, cfjZos lhDd]jf/L tyf clwsf/ k|fKtug]{, k|ltkmnsf] af‘8kmf‘8 u/L :jo+ nfek|fKt ug]{ sfo{df :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ k"0f{clwsf/;DkGg u/fpg] dfq} geO{pgLx?nfO{ hgtfk|lt hjfkmb]xL klgagfpg'kg]{ cfhsf] cj:yfdf :yfgLo;~rf/dfWodn] va/bf/L ug'{ h?/L 5 .:yfgLo lgsfodf gful/tf, /fxbfgL h:tf;+j]bgzLn ljifodf l9nf;':tL, nfk/jfxL,dgk/LtGq rNg] u/]sf] 5 . o:tf ljifosf]

sfof{Gjogdf a9LeGbf a9L :yfgLo hgtftyf pkef]Qmf rgfvf] x'g'kg]{ / :yfgLo:t/dfpknJw x'g ;Sg] ;|f]t;fwg, ;Lk / k|ljlwsf]clwstd kl/rfng u/L :yfgLo cfjZostfk"/f ug]{ ljsf; sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ :yfgLolgsfox?nfO{ dfu{bz{g ug]{ sfo{;d]t :yfgLo;~rf/ dfWodsf] lhDd]jf/L xf] . lhNnfljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf / uflj;x?dfcfhef]ln kf/blz{tfsf] cefj x'g yfn]sf] 5 .:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ cTolws Goflos clwsf/kl/rfng u/L :yfgLo cbfntsf ?kdfljsl;t ug]{ nIf lnPsf], ljsf; k|lqmofdf;dfhsf ljkGg ju{, dlxnf, blnt, hghflt,cflbjf;L cflbnfO{ / pgLx?sf] juL{o lxtnfO{k|yd k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ s'/fdf ;~rf/ dWodn]hgtfnfO{ ;w} ;r]t agfpg'kb{5 .

cfkmgf] ufp‘ If]qleqsf s[lif;DaGwLsfdx? ug]{ tyf u/fpg], cfkm\gf] ufp‘If]qleqs[lif xf6ahf/ / d]nf nufpg] tyf u|fdL0fhgtfn] kz'x? kfNg] x'‘bf cfkm\gf] If]qleqsfkz'df nfUg ;Sg] /f]usf] /f]syfdsf lgldQcfjZostfcg';f/ kz' lrlsT;fno ;~rfngug]{, u/fpg] tyf kz'r/gsf nflu cfjZosuf}r/gsf] Joj:yf ug]{ tyf u/fpg], s[lif,xf6ahf/, d]nf nufpgsf nflu cltl/Qm s[lifljsf; sfo {qmdx? ;~rfng ug ] { ,u/fpg]nufotsf sfo{, ufp‘ ljsf; If]qleqcfjZos kg]{ vfg]kfgLsf] cfk"lt{sf nfluvfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx? tof/ u/L sfof{Gjog/ ;~rfng ug]{ tyf ;Def/sf] Joj:yf ug]{,ufp‘ ljsf; If]qleq cfjZos kg]{ 3f]8]6f] /uf]/]6f], u|fdL0f ;8s;DaGwL cfof]hgf tof/u/L sfof{Gjog ug] { tyf ltgLx?sf]dd{t;Def/sf ] Joj:yf ug] {, ljleGglgsfoaf6 x:tfGt/0f eOcfPsf k'n, t'Og,3f6 / sNe6{x?sf] dd{t ;Def/ ug]{ / u/fpg]sfo{ uflj;n] ub{5 . cfkm\gf] ;|f]taf6k"j{k|fylds ljBfnox? :yfkgf ug{, :yfkgfug{sf] nflu JolQm tyf ;+:yfnfO{ cg'dltlbg tyf ;~rfng / Joj:yfkg ug{, cfkm\gf]If]qleq :yfkgf ePsf ljBfnox?sf] /]vb]v/ Joj:yfkg ug{, ufp‘If]qleq dft[efiffdfk|fylds txsf] lzIff pknAw u/fpgsf] nflu;xof]u ug]{, l;+rfO{, af‘w, s'nf], k}gL, kfgL3f6cflbsf] of]hgf tof/ u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{,u/fpg], e"–Ifo / gbL lgoGq0f ug]{sf ;fy}ljB't\ pTkfbg tyf ljt/0f ug]{, ;fd'bflosejg, lj>fdu[x tyf ;fj{hlgs zf}rfnoagfpg] sfo{x? uflj;n] u/]sf] 5 jf 5}geGg] s'/fdf :yfgLo ;~rf/ dfWosf] lg/Gt/Wofg hfg'kb{5 .

cfjf; of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{,;fj{hlgs zf}rfnosf] Joj:yf ug]{, vfg]kfgLsf]/ 9n lgsf;sf] sfd ug]{, 3/ ejg cflbsf]

gS;f kf; ug]{, pBfg, dgf]/~hg:ynsf]ljsf; ug]{, ;fd'bflos ejg, lj>fdu[xagfpg], cfkm\gf If]qsf] vf]nfgfnf, s'jf, Ogf/,tnfp Pj+ cfkm\gf] If]qdf gbL s6fg, e"–Ifoh:tf s'/fsf] /f]syfd ug]{, jftfj/0f k|b"if0f/f]Sg], jg, jg:klt / cGo k|fs[lts ;Dkbfsf];+/If0f ug]{, ;/;kmfO sfo{ ug]{, kmf]xf]/d}nfsf]Joj:yfkg ug]{ / cfk\mgf] If]qdf ljB't\ pTkfbg/ ljt/0f ug]{, dft[efiffdf k|fylds txsf]lzIff lbg ;xof]u ug]{, k|f }9 lzIff /cgf}krfl/s lzIffsf] sfo{qmd agfO sfof{Gjogug]{, k':tsfno / jfrgfnosf] Joj:yf ug]{,lk5l8Psf / pTkLl8t hfltsf 5fq5fqfnfO{5fqj[lQsf] Joj:yf ug]{, cfkmgf] If]qsf];f+:s[lts tyf wfld{s dxTjsf :ynx?sf]nut /fvL To;sf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ug]{tyf k'/ftflTjs j:t', efiff, wd{, snf /;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ug]{, ;/sf/LlhDdfsf afx]s cfk\mgf] If]qsf ;8s, k'n,sNe6{x?sf] of]hgf agfO{ lgdf{0f tyf dd{tug]{, a;kfs{, l/S;f, 6f‘uf, 6«s cflbsf]kfls{ªsf] Joj:yf ug]{ / cfkm\gf] cfjZostfx]/L 7]nf, l/S;f, 6f‘uf cflbsf] btf{ u/L gDa/lbg] / ltgLx?sf] xb tf]Sg] h:tf sfo{x?gu/kflnsfn] u/]sf] 5 jf 5}g eGg] s'/f:yfgLo ;~r/dfWodsf] k|:t'ltleq kg'{kb{5 .

lhNnfdf ;~rfng x'g] lhNnf:t/Loljifout sfo{qmdnfO{ :jLs[t lbg], lhNnfljsf; ;ldltsf] ljlgdo :jLs[t ug]{, lhNnfljsf; ;ldltsf] k|zf;lgs sfo{x?sf]d"Nof+sg u/L lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltnfO{cfjZos lgb] {zg lbg], lhNnf ljsf;;ldltn] k|:tfj u/]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] kfl/>lds,b/aGb L eQ f tyf cGo ; ' l jwfdfcfjZostfcg';f/ :jLs[lt lbg] lhNnfljsf; ;ldltsf ] ;DklQ a ]rlavg,x:tfGt/0f jf ef8fdf lbg] ljifodf lg0f{oug]{ cfkm"df /x]sf s]xL clwsf/ lhNnf ljsf;;ldltnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug]{ cflb ljleGg sfo{ug'{kg]{ ePsf] 5 h:tf s'/fx?;d]t :yfgLolgsfoleq kg]{ ePsfn] o:tf s'/fdf ;d]tWofg hfg'kb{5 . s[lif tyf kz' ljsf;;DaGwLlhNnf:t/Lo gLlt agfO{ ;f]cg'?ksfsfo{qmdx? th'{df Pj+ ;~rfng ug]{ /;~rflnt sfo{qmdx?sf] lg/LIf0f / cg'udgug]{, s[lif xf6 ahf/ / d]nfsf] k|a4{g ug]{,u/fpg], s[lif pkhsf] ahf/ Joj:yfkg ug]{,lhNnf ljsf; If]qsf] u|fdL0f OnfsfdfPseGbf a9L ufp‘ ljsf; If]qsf hgtfnfO{nfe x'g] vfg]kfgL of]hgfx?sf] th'{df /sfof{Gjog ug]{, lhNnf ljsf; If]qleqsf]lhNnf:t/Lo ;8sx?sf] u'?of]hgf tof/ u/LlhNnf kl/ifb\af6 :jLs[t u/fpg], :jLs[tlhNnf:t/Lo ;8sx?sf] lgdf{0f, ;~rfng,

:yfgLo lgsfodf va/bf/LM ;~rf/ dfWodsf] lhDd]jf/L

lji0f'k|;fb vgfn

g]kfn ;+ul7t ck/fwsf] nflu :ju{-Hub_ aGb} uPsf] 5 . dfgj t:s/L,lghL If]qsf sDkgLx?sf] j:t' tyf;]jfdf ePsf] Psflwsf/ -Cartellingand syndicate_ cft+sjfbnfO{ k|>ojf hftLo åGå e8\sfpg] lqmofsnfk,;fOj/ ck/fwcGtu{t x\oflsª -Hacking_, efO/; ?dnf, ;km\6j]o/gSsn -Software piracy_, gUglrq÷lel8of]x?sf] pTkfbg, qm]l86 sf8{7uL, wDsLnufotsf sfo{, d'VotMa+unfb]zL dflkmofx?sf] ;+nUgtfdfeO/x]sf] sn afOkf;, e|i6frf/ / ca}wd'b|f lgd{nLs/0f g]kfndf km}lnb} uPsf;+ul7t ck/fwsf d'Vo t/Lsfx? x'g\ .

o;k|sf/sf ;+ul7t ck/fwx?km}nfpg'sf] d'Vo p2]Zo ;DklQ sdfpg'xf] . ca}w d'b|f lgd{nLs/0f rflx‘ dflyplNnlvt jf cGo ck/fwx? / s/ 5nL;d]taf6 k|fKt x'g] cfDbfgLnfO{ a}w /sdjf ;DklQdf abNg] k|lqmof xf] . g]kfnca}w d'b|f lgd{nLs/0fsf] lglDt :ju{sf]?kdf :yflkt x'‘b} uPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf/fhgLlts / ;fdflhs If]qdf k|lti7fsdfPsf w]/}h;f] JolQmsf] cfDbfgLsf];|f]tsf] ?kdf ;+ul7t ck/fw /lxcfPsf]5 . cfkm\gf] /fhgLlts / ;fdflhs :t/-Political and social status_ sf]kmfObf p7fp‘b} To:tf] ;DklQ lgd{nLs/0f-Laundering_ ul/b} cfPsf] 5 .

g]kfnsf] zx/L If]qdf /fhgLltsbnsf g]tf, pRr kb:y sd{rf/Lx?, dfgjt:s/, nfu"kbfy{sf] t:s/Ldf ;+nUgck/fwLx? / e"–dflkmofx? /ftf/ftgjwgf8\o ju{sf] ?kdf kl/jlt{t ePsfy'k|} pbfx/0fx? b]lvG5 . /fhgLlts bnsfg]tfx?n] Psftkm{ e|i6frf/sf dfWodaf6/ csf]{lt/ 8g ;d"xx?sf] kl/rfngsfdfWodaf6 xKtf c;'nL, rGbf ;+sng,7]Ssfk§f sAhf, ckx/0f, lkm/f}tL nufotsfultljlwaf6 dgUo /sd hDdf u/]sf 5g\ .oxf ‘;Dd ls /fhgLlts kf6L {sfeft[;+u7gx? ;d]t 8glu/Ldf nfu]sf 5g\ .sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;DklQ cfh{gsf] d'Vo ;|f]te|i6frf/ xf] . /fhgLlts cl:y/tf /

ca}w d'b|f lgd{nLs/0fM km}nb} uPsf] ;+ul7t ck/fw/fhgLltsf] ck/fwLs/0fsf] sf/0fn] cfh/fhZj, oftfoft / dfn c8\8fsf sd{rf/Lx?dfq xf]Og uflj; ;lrj;d]t gjwgf8\o ju{df?kfGtl/t x'‘b} uO/x]sf 5g\ . rGbf ;+sng,ckx/0f, nfu"cf}ifwsf] t:s/L / dfgjt:s/Ldf ;+nUg JolQmx?;‘u ;d]t cyfx;DklQ hDdf x'‘b} uPsf] 5 . e"–dflkmofx?n]csf{sf] ;DklQ gSsnL hUufwgL ag]/ laqmLug]{, ;/sf/L ;DklQ laqmL ug]{ ul//x]sf36gfx? ;d]t ;fj{hlgs ePsf 36gfx?5g\ tyflk pgLx?sf] cfDbfgLsf] d'Vo ;|f]ts/ 5nL g} xf] .

o;/L k|fKt ca}w wgnfO{ lgd{nLs/0fug{ /sdnfO{ ljQLo k|0ffnLdf k|j]z u/fOG5

cy{ dGqfnosf ;lrjsf] ;+of]hsTjdf u7gx'g] ;ldltnfO{ clVtof/n] qm; r]s ug'{kg]{la8Dagfk"0f{ l:ylt g]kfndf sfod 5 .P]g sfof{Gjogsf] o:t} nHhf:kb l:yltsfod /x]df g]kfnnfO{ sfnf] ;"rLdf kg{af6kz'kltgfyn] klg arfpg ;Sg] 5}gg\ .

g]kfndf ;DklQ z'l4s/0fsf] of]eofjx l:ylt sfod /xG5 eg] g]kfnsf]cy{tGq PSsf;L rf}k6 x'g;S5 . g]kfnsfnf] ;"rLdf kgf{;fy a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf]k |lttkqn] dfGotf gkfpg] , ljb]zLljlgdodf k|ltaGw nfUg], gful/sx?nfO{ljb]z ofqfdf k|ltaGw nfUg], ck/fwLx?sf]/fhgLltdf k|j ]z x 'g ] , /fhgLltsf ]

;;hh{{gg uuff}}ttdd

g]kfnsf] clxn]sf] e|i6 /fhgLlts If]q, gf]s/zfxLtGq / /fhZjcg';Gwfg ljefusf sfd sf/jfxL x]bf{ ca}w d'b|f lgd{nLs/0f ug] {ck/fwLsf la?4 sf/jfxL x'g] s'/fdf cfzfjfbL x'g] 7fp F 5}g .slDtdf klg r]tfjgL:j?k g]kfnnfO{ PkmPl6Pkmn] v}/f] ;"rLdf /fv]sf]v08df dfq o; lbzftkm{ s]xL sfd x'g] ck]Iff ug{ ;lsG5 . clxn]ca}w d'b|f lgd{nLs/0fsf] of] ;+ul7t pk/fw g]kfnsf] cy{tGq aaf{bug]{ lbzftkm{ cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 .

-Placement_, wgnfO{ ;–;fgf] 6'qmfdfcnUofOG5 -Layering_, wgnfO{ PsLs[tul/G5 -Integration_ / wgnfO{ 3/hUufPj+ ljnflztfsf j:t'x?df k|of]u ul/G5 .g]kfndf ca}w d'b|f lgd{nLs/0fsf] l:yltslt eofjx 5 < of] s'/f] kmfOgflG;onPS;g 6f:s kmf];{ -PkmP6LPkm_ n] ;g\ @)!@df g]kfnnfO{ sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg u/]sf]lg0f{oaf6 k|i6 x'G5 . xtf/–xtf/df ;DklQz'l4s/0f;DaGwL ljw]os NofP/ g]kfnnfO{sfnf] ;"rLdf kg{af6 /f]lsPsf] lyof] .

xfn g]kfn;‘u ca}w d'b|f lgd{nLs/0f/f]Sg ;DklQ z'l4s/0f P]g @)^$ /lgodfjnL @)^^ lqmofzLn 5g\ . t//fhgLlts / gf]s/zfxLtGqdf JofKt e|i6k|a[lQsf sf/0f sfof{Gjog kIf cToGtlkmtnf] 5 . :jo+ /fhZj cg';Gwfg ljefusf;b:ox?n] ca}w d'b|f cfh{g u/]sfJolQmx?nfO{ sf/jfxLsf] 8/ b]vfP/ /sdc;'Ng] u/]sf ;dfrf/ aflx/ cfPsf 5g\ .

ck/fwLs/0fn] k|>o kfpg] cflb gsf/fTdsc;/ b]vfkg]{5g\ .

o;/L ca}w wg k|fKt ug]{ ck/fwLx?n]cfkm \gf] sfnf] wgnfO{ ;]tf] agfpg/fhgLlts cf8 vf]Hg] u/]sf 5g\ .;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf dfgj t:s/L /hldgsf] bnfnLdf ;+nUg kfqx?n]kf6L{x?sf] xfOsdf08nfO{ k};fsf] cg'lrtk|efj kf/]/ pDd]bjf/sf] l6s6 xTofPsflyP . h;sf] sf/0fn] kf6L{sf k'/fgf / :jR55ljsf sfo{stf{x? k5fl8 k/]sf / sltkoknfog ePsf lyP . df3 * df ;+ljwfgaGg] ldlt 3f]if0ff ePsf] x'gfn] -oBlk ;f]ldltdf ;+ljwfg aGg] ;Defjgf b]vfk/]sf]5}g_ To:tf ck/fwLx?n] /fhgLlts kf6L{leqlhNnf ;efklt pk;efklt, d]o/ /pkd]o/sf nflu nljª ul//x]sf 5g\ .

sf/f]jf/ b}lgsn] @)&) ;fpgdfhgfPcg';f/ ;DklQ z'l4s/0f;DaGwLd'2faf6 ;f] jif{ @% s/f]8 c;'nL ePsf]

lyof] . h'g g]kfndf km}nbf] ca}w d'b|fcfDbfgLsf] t'ngfdf gu0o xf] . bfªdfdfq dflyNnf] txsf b'O{ ;o e"–dflkmofx?dfly dfq d'2f rnfpg] xf] eg]klg rf/ ;os/f]8 hlt ca}w d'b|f c;'nx'g;S5 . b]zel/af6 ca}w d'b|f cfh{gug]{sf la?4 cg';Gwfg / sf/jfxL ug]{xf] eg] ;/sf/L 9's'6Ldf vaf}{ + /sd hDdfx'g ;S5 . o;f] u/]sf] v08df /fli6«ouf}/jsf cfof]hgf k"/f ug{ s'g} lkl6P /lkl8Psf] h?/t kb}{g .

olb ca}w /sd hDdf ug ] {ck/fwLx?sf] /sd hkmt ug]{ u/Lk|zf;lgs sfdsf/jfxL cufl8 ga9fpg]xf] eg] ;f] /sd cft+sjfbL sfo{qmdx?dfk|of]u x'g] lglZrt 5 . l;s] /fjt k|s/0faf6g]kfndf ljv08gsf/L cfGbf]ng km}nfpg]klZrdf zlQmx?sf] of]hgf k|i6 ePsf] 5 .of] ljv08gsf/L cfGbf]ngdf g]kfnsf]clxn]sf] ljQLo k|0ffnLdf k|j]z u/]sf] ca}wd'b|fsf] e]n cfof] eg] g]kfndf la:kmf]6sl:yltsf] l;h{gf x'g]5 .

g]kfnsf] clxn]sf] e|i6 /fhgLltsIf]q, gf]s/zfxLtGq / /fhZj cg';Gwfgljefusf sfd sf/jfxL x]bf{ ca}w d'b|flgd{nLs/0f ug] { ck/fwLsf la?4sf/jfxL x'g] s'/fdf cfzfjfbL x'g] 7fp‘5}g . slDtdf klg r]tfjgL:j?kg]kfnnfO{ PkmPl6Pkmn] v}/f] ;"rLdf/fv]sf] v08df dfq o; lbzftkm{ s]xLsfd x'g] ck]Iff ug{ ;lsG5 . clxn]ca}w d'b|f lgd{nLs/0fsf] of] ;+ul7tpk/fw g]kfnsf] cy{tGq aaf{b ug]{lbzftkm{ cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 .

cg'udg, d"Nof+sg tyf dd{t ;Def/ug]{, lhNnf ljsf; If]qleq cfjZos kg]{emf]n'+u] k'nx?sf] of]hgf th'{df, lgdf{0f /dd{t ;Def/ ug]{, u/fpg]h:tf sfo{x?slt k|efjsf/L?kdf ePsf 5g\ eGg]s'/fdxTjk"0f{ x'g] ub{5 .

lhNnf ljsf; If]qleq :yfkgf x'g]3/ ]n ' pBf ]usf ] c len ]v / fVg ] ,lhNnfleqsf cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] klxrfg /ljsf; ug]{ sfo{, b}jL k|sf]k lgoGq0f ug]{;DaGwdf cfjZos sfo{ ug]{, lhNnfljsf; If]qleqsf] tYof+s /fVg], lhlj;sf]:jfldTjdf /x]sf rncrn ;DklQsf];+/If0f ug'{sf ;fy} ljlgod th'{df u/LlhNnf kl/ifb\df k]z ug]{ / k|rlntsfg"gadf]lhd tf]lsPsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{,>dsf] Hofnfb/ / dhb'/Lsf] b//]6 lgwf{/0fu/L afn>d lgjf/0f tyf p4f/;DaGwLsfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{, gu/kflnsfIf]qafx]s lhNnf ljsf; If]qleq rnlrqejg :yfkgf ug{ :jLs[lt lbg], ;fy} u|fdL0fIf]qdf lhNnf:t/Lo k':tsfno, jfrgfno/ ;"rgf s]Gb| vf]Ng];DaGwL sfo{ s:tf]ultdf ePsf 5g\ eGg] s'/fsf] x]Ssf;~rf/ dfWodn] /fVg'kb{5 .

:yfgLo lgsfox?sf] n]vfk/LIf0fdfPs?ktf 5}g . gu/kflnsfsf] cfGtl/s /clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f cfkm} ug]{ Joj:yf;Gt'ng / lgoGq0fsf] Joj:yfcg'?k x'g;s]sf] b]lvb}g . n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsfa]?h"x?sf] clen]v /fVg] / km5\of}{6 ug]{u/] gu/]sf] cg'udg ug]{ lgsfo tf]lsPsf]5}g eg] :yfgLo lgsfox?df lgj]bgsf]e/df cf}iflw pkrf/, ef}lts ;fdu|L,cltly ;Tsf/, lrofkfg, ljleGgSnax?nfO { ;xfotf , lj leGgk|ltlglwd08nsf] vr{ cflbdf bnLok|of]hgdf vr{ x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .:yfgLo lgsfo -cfly{s k|zf;g_lgodfjnLn] tf]]s]sf] ;LdfeGbf a9L cfly{s;xfotf, e}k/L cfpg], k|zf;lgs sfo{dfvr{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . lan j]u/ vr{ ug]{,clgolGqt?kdf k]ZsL lbO{ km5\of}{6 gug]{,k]ZsLdfly k]ZsL lbg] k|0ffnL /x]sf] 5 .ah]6 th' {df / sfof{Gjog k|lqmof;xeflutfd"ns gePsf] eP ;~rf/dfWodn] o:tf ljifonfO{ p7fpg' kb{5 .

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xf], olta]nfsf] o'udf 3/–3/df 6]lnlehg / dgf]/~hgsf;fdu|Ln] d]nfk|lt aof]a[4 /k|f}9x?sf] rf;f] 36]sf] x'g;S5 .cf–cfkm\gf k]zf / Joj;fon]klg Wofg 36]sf] x'g;S5 .;+:s[lt eg]sf] dgf]/~hg;‘uhf]l8Psf] ljifo dfq xf]Og\ .Oltxf;sf] klxrfg xf] . snf;+:s[lt klg xfd|f lglw x'g\ .logLx? nf]k eP eg] xfdLljut;‘u cGwf x'g ;S5f}+ .Oltxf;sf] qmd;‘u x'g ;S5To;}n] snf ;+:s[lt / k/Dk/fsf];+/If0fdf xfd|f] rf;f] hfg'k5{ .;+:s[ltsf] d"n l:kl/6 gtf]l8g]u/L ;do;fk]If kl/dfh{g ug{nfUgk5{ . Ko'7fgdf P]ltxfl;s;/fo‘ / cGo gfrx?sf];+udynf] dflgg] 8Nn],lrltvf]nf / lzjfnonufotsfd]nfx?nfO{ /fli6«o?kdf klxrfgu/fpg' lgs} cfjZos 5 .o;k|lt casf lbgdf;/f]sf/jfnf o'jf lk9Ldf Wofghfcf];\ / hfg'kb{5 eGg]nfUb5 .

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gfd M b]jaxfb'/ s]=;L= /fxbfgL g+= M %!^@!**7]ufgf M t'n;Lk'/ g=kf=–!), bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*^*^#)^(^

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! c;f]h @@ ut]

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gfd M s[i0fk|;fb /]UdL /fxbfgL g+= M )&)%&#$$7]ufgf M dfgk'/ uf=lj=;=–&, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*$&(#$*$!

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

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gfd M zdz]/ /fgf /fxbfgL g+= M %@^@$@#7]ufgf M ;f/kfgL ukf{–#, ;Nofg ;Dks{ g+= M (*!*%*(@^@

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gfd M clgn e08f/L /fxbfgL g+= M @!^(((%7]ufgf M t'n;Lk'/ g=kf=–^, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*^*^)^!%)

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gfd M kn l;+ bdfO{ /fxbfgL g+= M @!&*$#!7]ufgf M kmnfjfª uf=lj=;=–@, ;Nofg

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gfd M ?b|axfb'/ lj=s= /fxbfgL g+= M #!(!#*%7]ufgf M 5f“FofIf]q uf=lj=;=–&, ;Nofg ;Dks{ g+= M (*!@*^%%!^

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3f]/fxLsf] t'n;Lk'/rf]sl:yt /ht d]l8sn ;]G6/ k|f=ln=df sf7df8f}+ gle{s c:ktfn, /fKtL c~rn c:ktfn t'n;Lk'/df sfd ul/;Sg'ePsf / xfn /fKtL pkIf]qLo c:ktfn 3f]/fxLdf sfo{/t 8f= rGb| 3tL{åf/f k|To]s lbg lj/fdLsf] r]shfFr eO/x]sf] 5 . k]6, 5flt, d'6', dw'd]x, gzf;DaGwL / dlxnfsf /f]ux?nufot ljleGg ;d:of ePsf lj/fdLx?n] ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf ;fy} bf““Ft luhfsf] ;Dk"0f{ pkrf/ ul/g'sf ;fy} c6f]PgfnfOh/åf/f /ut k/LIf0f ul/G5 .

gf]6 M x/]s zlgjf/ ;'u/ / k|];/ lgMz'Ns hfFr ul/G5 .

/ht d]l8sn ;]G6/ k|f=ln=t'n;Lk'/rf]s 3f]/fxL, bfª -Unf]an cfO{PdOsf] cufl8_

kmf]g M )*@–%^!^($, df]= (*%&*#)!$%

8f= dx]Zj/ Xof]h' -d'6'/f]u tyf lkmlhl;og_

bfªsf] sflnsf d]l8sndfnfdf] ;do;Dd jL/ c:ktfn sf7df8f}+ tyf n'lDagL d]l8sn

sn]h kfNkfdf sfd ul/ xfn a'6jn xl:k6ndf sfo{/t Pd=l8= lkmlhl;og sfl8{of]nf]lhi6 tyf l/o'df6f]nf]lhi6 8f= dx]Zj/Xof]h'åf/f bfª 3f]/fxL xl:k6n /f]8l:yt sflnsf d]l8sndf lj/fdLsf] r]shf“r ul/g] ePsf] x'“bf ;dod} cfkm\gf] gfd btf{ u/fO{ ljz]if1 ;]jfsf] nfe lng'xf];\ / cfkm\gf] /f]usf] k"0f{ lgbfg ug'{xf];\ .

d'6'sf] ck|]zg u/]sf lj/fdLx?sf nflu -PT/INR_ r]shf“rsf] Joj:yf . d'6'sf lj/fdLx?sf] nflu k|f]6]an O–sf] tyf y|L Rofgn O=l;=hL= ;]jf . An8 k|];/ tyf ;'u/sf ;d:of ePsf lj/fdLx?sf] r]shf“rsf] Joj:yf . afy /f]u, 5flt, d'6', Uofli6«s, hl08;, bd, yfO/fO8 tyf x]Ny r]s;DaGwL .

8f= åf/f lbOg] ;]jfx?M

;Dks{ M k|f]= ab|L v8\sf

sflnsf d]l8snxl:k6n /f]8, 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]g M %^)^%@

lj/fdL hf“r x'g] ldlt MoxL sflt{s @@ ut]

zlgjf/

gf]6 M cN6«f;fp08, lel8of] PS;/], PS;/], c6f]PgfnfOh/ d]lzgåf/f afof]s]ldsn 6]i6, /ut, lb;f, k;, lk;fa cflbsf] sNr/ tyf ADA, HBAIC, TFT PT/INR, Sodium, Potassium, Sugar, cflbsf] cfw'lgs Kofyf]nf]hL ;]jf .

S.L.C. Examted ljBfyL{x?sf] nflu gof“ egf{ v'Nof]s] tkfO{ SLC km]n x'g'eof] / ca km]l/ k9L SLC kf; ug{ rfxg'x'G5 < To;f] eP cfh}

af6 o; ljBfnodf egf{ eO{ k9f} / cfkm\gf] eljio agfcf}+ .xfd|f ljz]iftfx? M bIf tyf cg'ejL lzIfsx?åf/f cWofkg u/fOg] . ljut jif{sf] SLC k/LIffdf 100% glthf Nofpg ;kmn . cWoogsf] nflu clt pko'Qm z}lIfs jftfj/0f ePsf] . 5fq / 5fqfsf] nflu 5'§f5'§} sIffsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] Ps dfq ljBfno .Weekly, Monthly tyf Terminal Exam x?sf] dfWodåf/f SLC kf; x'g] u/L k9fO{g] .

-lk|lG;kn_afns[i0f cf]nL

z'e>L Ps]8]dL 3f]/fxL3f]/fxL–!!, lj=kL= rf]s -s6x/af]6 cufl8_, bfª

;Dks{ g+= )*@–%^@%$)

jf ;Dks{ :yfgM nf]6;\ a'S; P08 :6]zg/L 3f]/fxL, bfª

z'e>L Ps]8]dL 3f]/fxL bfªsf] ljut !% jif{sf] cg'ej / ;jf]{Ts[i6 glthf g} xfd|f] kl/ro xf] .

egf{ z'?@)&! sflt{s !) ut]b]lv

sIff ;~rfng@)&! sflt{s !^ ut]af6

k9fO{ x'g] ljifox?c+u|]hL, g]kfnL, ul0ft,

lj1fg, ;fdflhs, hg;+Vof, cy{zf:q, lzIff

;Dks{ M Pd=kL= c6f]df]afON; dlxGb|f P08 dlxGb|f 6]«S6/sf] cflwsf/Ls l8n/3f]/fxL–!! /tgk'/ rf]s, bfª df]= (*%&*#)!#*, (*)^@$&($&, (*$&**#$#^, kmf]g M )*@–%^#^@^ Email : rajkmrguptasir1007@yahoo.com

dlxGb|f P08 dlxGb|f sDkgLaf6 pTkflbt s'g} klg 6]«S6/ lsGg'xf];\ / nSsL 8« åf/f lgDgfg';f/sf] k'/:sf/ k|FKt ug'{xf];\ .

dlxGb|f P08 dlxGb|f 6]«S6/ lsGg'xf];\, ;d[4zfnL aGg'xf];\ †l8hnsf] dfq artn] kmfOgfG;sf] dfl;s ls:tf ltg'{xf];\ ††

-!_ k|yd k'/:sf/ M df?tL cN6f] sf/ -@_ låtLo k'/:sf/ M kN;/ df]6/;fOsn -#_ cGo w]/} k'/:sf/x? -;Lldt cjlw;Dd_dlxGb|f P08 dlxGb|f 6]«S6/sf] ljz]iftfx? M -!_ !% xif{kfj/sf] ;fgf] 6«]S6/b]lv ^) xif{ kfj/df pknAw -@_ cToGt zlQmzfnL -kfj/km'n Ol~hg_ -#_ l8hn / df]lan w]/} sd nfUg] Uof/]G6L -$_ k'/fgf] eO{ ;]s]08 x}08df ljqmL ubf{ w]/} d"No kfOg]-%_ c6f]d]l6s xfO8«f]lns sG6«f]n ADDC ePsf] -^_ Go"gtd dd{t ;Def/ vr{ -&_ * -cf7_ k6s;Dd k+|mL ;le{l;ª -*_ @ jif{ jf @))) 306f;Dd jf/]G6L -(_ t/fO{ kxf8 / ljs6 7fp“df ;lhn} rnfpg ;lsg] . -!)_ l8k|m]lGzon ns ePsf] -!!_ MKM cyf{t dfOn]hsf] df:6/ -!@_ xfj]{:6/sf] ;fydf pknAw -!#_ ;f“3'/f] af6f]df ;lhn} df]8\g ;lsg] -!$_ /f]6fj]6/df cTolws ;kmn -!%_ pRr u|fp08 :kL8;“u} pRr pTkfbsTj -!^_ ef/ Ifdtf w]/} ePsf] -!&_ Jofks ljqmL tyf ;]jf g]6js{ ePsf] -!*_ 6af]{ rfh{/sf] ;fydf pknAw-!(_ kf6{k'hf{ clt ;:tf] / ;j{;'ne ?kn] k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] .

k|f]= dxfjL/ jnL

dlxGb|f lsGg'xf];\ 9'Ss x'g'xf];\

k'/:sf/ lhTg'xf];\

o'uaf]w O{–k]k/df

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8f= uf]kfn ;fu/ l8;L -xf8hf]gL{ tyf gzf/f]u ljz]if1_

bfªsf] lrgf/L xl:k6ndfsf7df8f}+ l;len xl:k6ndf nfdf] ;do;Dd sfd

u/L xfn g]kfnu~h d]l8sn sn]h g]kfnu~hdf sfo{/t jl/i7 xf8hf]gL{ tyf gzf /f]u ljz]if1 8f= uf]kfn ;fu/ l8=;L= MBBS, MS (Orthopeadic surgeon) åf/f bfª 3f]/fxL, 6«flkms /f]8 ;8s ljefu cf]/fnf]l:yt lrgf/L xl:k6ndf lj/fdLx?sf] r]shf“Fr ul/g] ePsf] x'“bf ;dod} cfkm\gf] gfd btf{ u/fO{ ljz]if1 ;]jfsf] nfe lng'xf];\ / cfkm\gf] /f]usf] k"0f{ lgbfg ug'{xf];\ . ;fy} o; lrgf/L xl:k6ndf jl/i7 ljz]if1 tyf cg'ejL lrlsT;sx?åf/f b}lgs ?kdf lj/fdLx?sf] r]shf“r tyf ck|]zg ;d]t eO/x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

;Dks{ Mlrgf/L xl:k6n k|f=ln=

6«flkms /f]8 ;8s ljefu cf]/fnf] 3f]/fxL, bfªkmf]g M )*@–%^!&$*

lj/fdL hf“r x'g] ldlt MoxL sflt{s @@ ut] zlgjf/kmf]gaf6 klg gfd btf{ ug{ ;lsg]5

xftv'§f efF“lRrPsf], Knfi6/ ug'{kg]{, z/L/ emdemdfpg], b'Vg], ;'lGgg], uf“7fu'“7L l;lNsg], jfy, o'l/s Pl;8, xl8\8 lvOPsf], 9f8 sDd/ b'Vg] ;d:ofx? ePsf lj/fdLx?sf] r]shf“Fr, pkrf/ tyf ck|]zg .

8f= uf]kfn ;fu/ l8;Låf/f lbOg] ;]jfx?M

gf]6 M k|To]s lbg jl/i7 lkmlhl;ogåf/f ljxfg !) ah]b]lv lbp“;f] ! ah];Dd cf]lk8L ;]jf eO/x]sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

afy?ddf tftf] kfgL3/ lgdf{0fsf] nflu

kfOk lkml6ª, wf/f, 6\ofª\sL, lkmN6/, Uof; luh/ xfdLsxfF kfOG5 . xfdLn] KnlDaª ;]jf klg lbG5f}+ .

yfkf KnlDaª ;]jfd]g/f]8 gjhLjgsf] cufl8 3f]/fxL, bfªkmf]g M )*@–%^@%($, (*$&*@^$$@

xflb{s s[t1tf/fKtL c~rn c:ktfn ljsf;

;ldlt t'n;Lk'/ bfªsf] cWoIfdf xfn}g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lgo'Qm ePkZrft dnfO{ ljleGg kqklqsfdfkm{t\ awfO{;lxt ;Ddfg Pj+ e]63f6sf]qmddf awfO;lxt z'e]R5f JoQm ug'{x'g] ;Dk"0f{ ;+3;+:yf aGw'afGwj,

?b|dl0f zdf{ -cWoIf_/fKtL c~rn c:ktfn ljsf; ;ldlt

t'n;Lk'/, bfª

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;fy} c:ktfn ;~rfng / ljsf; ;DaGwdf oxfFx? ;a}sf] cd"No ;'emfj ;w} + k|fKt x'g]5 eGg] cfzf u/]sf] 5' .

g]kfn ;/sf/

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tyf ;gnfO6 df]8{g p=df=lj= kl/jf/ ndxL b]pv'/L, bfª

/]zdaxfb'/ a'9f-lk|lG;kn_

o; ljBfnosf ;Nnfxsf/ tyf k"j{ cWoIf nLnf/fd vgfn /fKtL 6]Dkf] 6]S;L tyf ldgLa; Joj;foL ;ldltsf] @) cf}+ ;fwf/0f;ef tyf clwj]zgaf6 cWoIf h:tf] ul/dfdo kbdf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO;lxt k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmn /xf];\ egL z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

xflb{s awfO{

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kqsf/sf]===

6«ofs v'ln;s]sf] s]xL v08sf]!@ ld6/ ;8sdf u|fe]n ul/;s]sf] 5 . tLg dlxgfleq /]vf+sgsf] sfd ;lsg]gu/kflnsfn] atfPsf] 5 .

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o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

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/fhwfgLdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf g]kfnsf nflu a]nfotL /fhb"t PG8«o' h]D; :kfS;{n] k'/:sf/ k|bfg ub} {

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lgsfox? k"jf{wf/ nufgLdf OR5's b]lvPsfn] k|:tfj k]z ul/g] a]naf;]n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

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