Your kingdom celebrates by holding chariot races. The people are divided in support of two major teams: the blues and the greens. Three days before the chariot races members of both teams are arrested for disturbing the peace and sentenced to death. Their executions are botched; and they are sent back to the prison.

At the races, the supporters of the blues and greens unite against you demanding the release of the prisoners. You refuse and the people begin to set fire to the city, inciting riots. Your safety is at risk.

Do you flee or do you stay and regain control of the city? Why or why not?

Good Morning!Read the scenario- reply to the prompt in a short

paragraph

Today’s Agenda SHORT LECTURE ON BYZANTIUM ACTIVITY- JUSTINIAN , THEODORA

& THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE ACCORDING TO THE SOURCES

HMWK- CH. 10 KP

APQ 10 NEXT CLASS.

Byzantium

Successor to the Roman Empire in Western Europe 4th-Century AD to AD 1453 Constantinople

- one of the greatest cities of the world Established by Emperor Constantine I

Located on the Bosporus Strait Central to World Trade at that time

Cultural blending of Greek, Roman, Persian, Jewish, and ArabLanguage is Greek (Cyrillic)Religion is Christian (Eastern Orthodox)

Emperor Justinian (c.482-565 CE) Vision to restore

the old Roman Empire- 540-554

Nika Riots- 532 Bubonic Plague “Justinian’s

Code” (corpus civilis)Codification of

Roman LawBasis for civil

law codes that spread throughout most of Europe

Church of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy c.546

Hagia Sophia (“Church of Holy Wisdom”)

After 1453Turned into a mosque“Ayasofya Camii”

Iconoclasm726-787, 815-843

“Image Breaking”Belief that icons should

not be venerated b/c of fear that person would misdirect veneration toward image and not person represented by image

Banned by imperial legislationCould not be made or usedSome were plastered over

Veneration of cross allowed in place of icons during this period

Church council allows veneration of icons in 843- artistic style of icons changed after this period

The Great Schism, 1054“Irreconcilable differences”AD 726- Iconoclast controversy

AD 1054- mutual Excommunication

AD 1965- mutual pardon

HolyRoman Catholic

POPE – Universal Leader (“Papa” father)-Separation between Religious and Political Leader.

-Religious art portrays Jesus as suffering for mankind’s sins

-Priests cannot marry

-Theology influenced by Roman and Jewish culture

-Gothic Architecture

Eastern

Orthodox

- Patriarch “Father” & Council of Bishops

- Religious art portrays Jesus as majestic & divine

-Priests can marry

-Theology more influenced by Greek culture

-Architecture features arches & domes

Roman Catholicism vs. Eastern Orthodoxy

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=28r8jwBu1a8

The Crusades1096- Invasion by Turks

Emperor Alexius I sends to Pope Urban II for military assistance

Set off a series of Crusades by W. Europeans to re-conquer the Holy Land from the Muslim Turks

The Crusade of 1204 (Fourth Crusade)○Constantinople sacked by Western Christians

• Due to plotting by Venetian merchants• “Latins” rule Constantinople until 1261

Russia & the Byzantine Empire

Kingdom of the RusViking roots?Vladimir I- conversion to Orthodox

Christianity

InteractionTradeMercenaries/bodyguards to B.E.ReligionArchitecture

Fall of the Byzantine Empire1453- Sack of Constantinople

by Ottoman Turks

Today’s Assignment1. Read the sources for the Justinian/Byzatium

DBQ on Dragonwhap>Key Points & homeworkSOAPP each documentGroup the documentsCompare the different POVs of Procopius

○ Why would he have two different POVs?

2. Go to the URL provided for The Secret History on Dragonwhap>Key Points & homework & review the table of contents

What does this tell us about Procopius & his attitude/thoughts toward Justinian, Theodora & their court?