Pre-Test

Citing Resources of a Written Output in a Bibliography

Purposes of BibliographiesTo give credit to the writers from whom you have borrowed words and ideas.To inform your readers where your information was found.To avoid plagiarism, or borrowing words and ideas without acknowledging their original sources.

It is common practice to cite your sources in two areas of the research paperIn-text, or inside the paperA Works Cited page that follows the conclusion of the paper

In-Text CitationAccording to Diana Hackers Pocket Style Manual, In-text citations are made with a combination of signal phrases and parenthetical references. Depending on whether or not the author is named in a signal phrase will determine if the authors name is included in the citation.Example:

In this example, the author is not mentioned in the signal phrase, so it is cited at the end, along with the year of publication.Teachers has always been taught as one of the noblest human beings. S/he considered as the central figure in the school and a second parent to the students. Because of the task a teacher must perform in order to achieve the schools vision and mission. S/he has a number of roles teaching, facilitating, and most important task is to inspire all of his/her students (Cebrel, 2005).

In-Text Citation Example:

In this example, the signal phrase mentions the name of the author.When an electronic source does not have a known author, according to Hacker, use the complete title in a signal phrase or use a short form of the title in parentheses. (126)Example:

In this example, the author is not known, so the complete title is cited at the end of the sentence.De Villa (2007) found out in his study that most of the teacher-In-Charge belongs to the old age; it is perceived that they are well experienced in creating plans for the school and they have seen steps in achieving the schools goals.According to a Web page sponsored by the Childrens Defense Fund, fourteen American children die from gunfire each day. (Child)

Works Cited ListIs displayed at the conclusion of a paper in alphabetical order.gives full publication information for each of the sources you have cited in the paper. (Hacker 127)All entries on this page must have a corresponding cited work in the main text of the paper.

Works Cited ListBook FormatLast name, First name. Year of Publication enclosed in parentheses Title of Book. Place of Publication: PublisherExample:

When there are two or three authors, begin in the one author format, then any additional authors are written first name first, then last name.

Example:Ribo, Lourdes. (2004) Language in Literature. Quezon City: Vibal Publishing House, Inc.Gillespie, Paula, and Neal Lerner. (2000) The Allyn and Bacon Guide to Peer Tutoring. Boston: Allyn

Journals

A newspaper article: - Include the name of the newspaper underlined or italicized and the date, section, and page number.

Bymes, H. (1984). The role of Listening Comprehension: A Theoretical Base. Foreign language Annals 17:317-29.Porcalla, delon. House Bill Protecting Delinquents, The Philippine Star, May 8, 2005, p. 2. Richards, J.C. (2008). Second Language Teacher Education Today. RELC, 39(2), 158-176

A general reference work:

Give the title of the article enclosed in quotation marks and italicize or underline the name of the reference work. Use periods after each of these elements. Put the year of publication in parentheses followed by a comma, the volume number, and then the page number of the entire article.Unpublished Thesis

Aptitude Test. Encyclopedia Britannica (1986), vol. 1, p. 657.Dado, J.L., et al. (2010) Differences of Third Year Male and Female Students of Tinurik National High School in Listening Skills Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis, FAITH.

Electronic Resources:Prakash, Preethi (2005). Effect of Indoor Environmental Quality on Occupants Perception Of Performance: A Comparative Study. http://www.edfacilities.org/rt/classroomdesign.cfmThe Importance of Grammar in Schools Today, by Russell Paul, Demand Media http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/importance-grammar-schools-today-12212.html

Practice Exercise

LAGUNA COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ANS ARTS

Factors that Affect the Academic Performance in English of the Third Year High School Students of Calamba Bayside National High SchoolDivision of Calamba City SY 2005 2006

Adora T. Erasga

Jack RichardsTeaching Listening and Speaking2008University of Hawaii Press

Presented By: JMAR I. ALMAZANMAED -ENGLISHThank You!!