world water week - asia day - aweitz presentation

8/6/2019 World Water Week - Asia Day - AWeitz Presentation

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Water and Sanitation Program

- Multi-donor, global partnership administered by the WorldBank to help the poor gain sustained access to improved watersupply and sanitation services

- Works directly with client governments in 25 countries through 4regional offices and an office in the World Bank headquarters,Washington D.C.

- Started in 1979 as a cooperative effort between the World Bankand UNDP (cost-effective technologies and safe WSS models)

- Vision: a world where all people have sustainable, safe andaffordable access to water and sanitation services; make

effective use of these services; and adopt improved hygienepractices

- Focus: technical assistance, policy advisory, knowledgesharing, capacity building, and project design support to clients



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WSP Asia at a Glance

Indonesia

Lao PDR Vietnam

Cambodia

East Asia & Pacific: 5 countries +Population: 325.7 million

32 staff, over 30 projectsBudget: FY08 - $11.6 million

FY09 - $14.5 million

Sectoral Focus

Hygiene

24%

Sanitation

54%

Water

Supply

22%

South Asia: 3 countriesPopulation: 1,413.1 million

43 staff, over 24 projectsBudget: FY08 - $8.9 million

FY09 - $9.1 million

Sectoral Focus

Sanitation,

48Water

Supply, 52

India

Pakistan Bangladesh

Philippines



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Urban Context in Asia

- Rapid urbanization in developing countries: in 2008,a greater number of the world’s population lives inurban than rural areas

- Urban population in Asia is expected to double by2030; much of the growth will occur in small towns ofunder 200,000 inhabitants

- High rates of economic growth over past 5-10 years

- Economic growth resulting in development of urban job opportunities and high urban migration

- Large informal and slum housing areas expanding

- Investment in basic urban infrastructure has not keptpace with urban growth, with sanitation being the

laggard



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Why Focus on Urban Sanitation?

Huge hidden problem with low political priority

Extremely low coverage:

Indonesia:- 2% sewerage access in 7 cities, idle capacity of sewage treatment works- 73% private sanitation access but >25% direct discharge to drains, rivers, canals,

esp. in high density slum settlements- 63% use septic tanks/soak-pits; of these 88% no septage treatment

Philippines- 40% reside in “slum” or informal settlements with improper sanitation facilities- 4% of the population nationwide has access to sewerage, vast majority of

households are connected to septic tanks with limited septage treatment

India- 10% of urban centers have partial sewerage network (20 – 50% coverage)- 20% of the collected waste is treated

Bangladesh:- Partial sewerage network only in Dhaka (18% coverage)

- 1.4% of waste is treated



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Sanitation – A Decentralized Problem

Sustainable Sanitation in East AsiaPhilippines Program

- Sanitation problem passed on: From central to local governments,from local governments to households (‘private matter’)

- Low capacity, awareness, motivation and budgets = low political

will and status

How to break the cycle of low equilibrium?

- Parallel track of working with local governments as ‘models’ fornational scale-up, alongside national enabling frameworkdevelopment:

- Indonesia Sanitation Sector Development Program (ISSDP),Sustainable Sanitation in East Asia Philippines Program (SuSEA),Urban Sanitation Services to the Poor in India (USSP)



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Tackling Fronts Simultaneously

Objective: establish a framework for sustainable poor-inclusive urban sanitation services in each country

Scope:

- Sanitation Enabling Framework: Sector policy, strategy,institutional arrangements

- Coordination and Investment Framework: Developed bygovernment, agreed with donors

- Awareness Campaigns: National and local; mass media andcommunity–based

- Municipal Capacity Building: Citywide Sanitation Strategies andAction Plans in ‘model’ municipalities (6 each in Indonesia andthe Philippines, India)



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Indonesia – Local Capacity Building

- Multi-stakeholder sanitationworking groups (‘pokja’)established

- Pokja undertake situationassessments, sanitationmapping and participatoryprioritization ofneighborhoods

- City Sanitation Strategy(CSS) established withingovernment planning andbudgeting system, not aparallel process

- Integrates city planning withcommunity-basedprocesses



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Indonesia – Awareness Raising

- High quality publicationsto raise awareness

- Promote local private

participation- Develop and implement

participatory campaignsin poor communities

- Government nowrecognizes importanceof advocacy andcommunications

- Public-Private-Partnership forHandwashing with Soapdeveloped



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Philippines – National and Local

Sanitation Planning

- Developing a “planning culture” at both local and national levels:• Establishment of sanitation baseline data to design environmental health

interventions and outcomes• Active involvement of leaders and stakeholders through inter-agency

collaboration• Raising investments for sanitation programs and infrastructure• Public-private partnership• Community education and information dissemination• Enforcement of sanitation-related ordinances with applicable regulation and

monitoring for compliance



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Philippines – Awareness Building

and Advocacy

- National Launch of International Year ofSanitation (IYS) 2008

- Local launching of IYS 2008 in major cities

- Local sanitation conferences and summits

- Dissemination of “Economic Impacts ofSanitation in the Philippines”



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Indonesia and Philippines

- Significant increase in central and local government ownershipof sanitation, strong interest in scaling up approach

- Inter-city peer learning, municipal and national sanitationdeclarations

- Municipalities have willingness, mechanisms and tools to tacklea daunting sanitation challenge step by step - City Strategies

and Sustainable Sanitation Plans developed in six cities- Donors increasingly working together for sector coordinationand investment

- Moving into Phase 2, with emphasis on supportingmunicipalities from planning to implementation; scaling up with

provincial governments in key role; national advocacy todevelop urban sanitation policy, strategy, investment frameworkand increase government expenditure in sector to implementapproach

What Has Been Achieved So Far?



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India

- Increased awareness amongst all stakeholders onsanitation

- Highly proactive National, State and Localgovernments on improving sanitation services

- National Level:

• Launched Two National Programs forstrengthening and reforming urban infrastructureprovision and service delivery

• National Policy on Urban Sanitation drafted andawaiting cabinet approval

• Incentive schemes to encourage cities to

achieve improved sanitation outcomes – State Level: Five states formulating state sanitation

strategies and implementation plans including rewardschemes.

What Has Been Achieved So Far?



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Challenges Ahead

- Moving from the policy, commitment,assessment and planning to theinvestment stage: city-level work

needs to lead to better targetedinvestments in urban sanitation andimproved service delivery

- Scaling up and broadening of city-level approaches through thegovernment systems

- Institutionalization of sanitation

planning and coordination- Adequate investment framework to

meet the needs of millions of poorurban residents



Thank YouWSP

world water week - asia day - aweitz presentation

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