World War I 1914-1920

Key turning points for WW I…

• June, 1914 - Archduke Ferdinand is assassinated

• August, 1914 – World War I starts

• March, 1917 – The Russian Revolution

• April, 1917 - U.S. enters the war

• Nov, 1918 - The armistice

The underlying (M.A.I.N.) causes of WWI... • M...

• A… #2)• I…• N…

Objective…Describe the underlying causes of World War I.

Objective…Outline the chain of events that triggered the start of the war.

The Great War

The triggering event…Archduke Franz

Ferdinand , heir to the Austro-Hungarian

throne is assassinated in June, 1914.

The assassin…Gavrilo Princip

A Bosnian nationalist trained in Serbia.

The chain of events…• AFF assassinated in Bosnia• A-H blames Serbia & makes harsh

demands of Serbia• A-H asks Germany for support • Germany responds with the…

“blank check”• Russia is allied with Serbia & mobilizes• Germany fears a two front war… attacks

France through neutral Belgium

The Shlieffen Plan…

Central Powers v. Allied Powers• Austro-Hungarian Empire• Germany• Bulgaria• Ottoman Empire

• Russia• Serbia• Belgium• France• Great Britain• Italy• Japan• United States

http://merryfarmer.net/2012/01/05/the-causes-of-wwi-and-other-silly-stories/

Homework: Using the article “Causes of WW I”, class notes & your text, create a chronological flow chart summarizing the chain of events that led Europe into WWI. – Due tomorrow

Quick review…• June, 1914- Archduke Franz Ferdinand

is assassinated

• July, 1914 – Austria declares war on

Serbia with German support … “The Blank Check”

• August, 1914 - A chain reaction related to the alliances draws all European powers into war.

Objective…Summarize the chain of events through which America entered World War I.

The Great War

Wilson’s response to the outbreak of war…Neutrality…“impartial in thought as well as in action”

4) Why was neutrality difficult to follow? • Cultural forces…“hyphenated Americans”

• Propaganda forces…• Economic forces… Trade…

6) Violation of “freedom of the seas”

• Germany’s violation of “freedom of the seas”…

6) The violation of “freedom of the seas”

• Great Britain’s violation of “freedom of seas”...

What was the effect of the British blockade on Germany?

“Unrestricted Submarine Warfare”... 7) The Lusitania (1915) & Sussex

(1916) incidents …• Wilson’s diplomatic response…

1,198 dead… 128 Americans

The Lusitania sinking…

What did Germany hope to accomplish using unrestricted submarine warfare?

Military Preparedness

5) Wilson advocates preparedness and neutrality…

8) Preparedness:Support & Opposition…

German Provocation: Reasons for American entry into WW I …

9) Germany resumes Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (Feb.1916)...

11) The Zimmerman Note (March,1917)…

The U.S. Declares WarApril 6, 1917

12) Wilson’s justification for war…“The war to end all wars”- Woodrow Wilson

“The war fought to make the world safe for democracy” - Woodrow Wilson

The Congress votes…Senate: 82- 6 House: 373-50