world religion ppt 10-3

7/31/2019 World Religion PPT 10-3

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Major World Religionsand Belief Systems


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What is religion?

is often defined as any specific system of

belief about deity, often involving

rituals, a code of ethics, an Religion d aphilosophy of life

The major religions in the world include

monotheistic religions and eastern

religions


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Major Religions and

Belief Systems


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Confucianism Founder: Confucius

Confucianism is more of a belief systemthan a religion No gods

Sacred Texts: Lun yu, the Wu-ching, andthe Ssu Shu 6.43 million followers


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Confuscianism A system of moral conduct based on the teachings of

Confucius


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Confucianism


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Confucianism 5 major relationships are also stressed to create order:

ruler and subject

parent and child

husband and wife

elder sibling and younger sibling

friend and friend

Focus on family and filial piety

filial piety focuses on repaying the kindness of parents and elders


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Daoism You may also see it spelt as taoism Pronounced DOW-ism Lead figure is Laozi (translates to wise old

master) 398 million people follow emphasis on harmony with nature


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Daoism Laozi taught that the goal in life was to

achieve oneness with the Dao (the way) The Dao is a universal force connected tonature

Only true laws are the laws of nature In order to achieve this oneness a person is

to lead a balanced life in tune with nature


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Daoism Harmony comes from

balancing the oppositeforces of nature, yin and

yang Belief that good andbad are connected andaccept both

Belief in the wuwei oraction through non-action

Major influence on


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Buddhism Siddhartha Guatama or The Buddha

or The Enlightened One Sixth or Fourth Century b.c. Sacred writings include: Tripitaka (The

Three Baskets), the sutras, and thetantras

373 million followers


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Buddhism Siddhartha Gautama is known to have been a prince in his early life

It is believed that his mother dreamed that a radiant, white elephant cameand descended to her from heaven

To many prophets this is seen as a sign that the boy would become a holyman

To keep from doing so Gautamas father kept him in their palace to

ensure he would become a ruler At the age of 29, Gautama set out of his palace for the first time


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Buddhism Wandering the streets outside his palace, Gautama, saw the suffering of

the world for the first time

deeply disturbed he set out to discover a realm where there is neithersuffering or death Gautama wandered for years seeking answers from Hindu monks

Unable to find a good answer he decided to sit under a tree until he foundthe answers to the mystery of life

Throughout the night, legend says, he was tempted by many demons butwas able to ward them off When he woke he declared himself the Buddha or the enlightened one


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Buddhism

Buddha spend the rest of his life teaching theFour

Noble

Truths

These include:

All life is full of suffering, pain, and sorrow

Cause of suffering is non-virtue (negativity, hatred, or desire)

The only cure to suffering is to overcome non-virtue

The way to overcome non-virtue is to follow the Eightfold Path


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Buddhism


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Hinduism

There is no single founder believed to have started around 1500 b.c. Sacred text- Vedas Polytheistic

Grew out of overlapping beliefs of diverse groups in Indiamaking it the worlds most complex religion

837 million followers


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Hinduism Countless gods and goddesses and many

forms of worship

Despite complexity many certain, basicbeliefs Belief in spiritual force called brahman God is one, but wise people know it by

many names Everything is part of brahman


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Hinduism

Brahma- The Creator

Vishnu- The Preserver Shiva-The Destroyer


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HinduismBecause most people cant achieve mokshain one lifetime they are reincarnated (rebirthof the soul into another body)

Reincarnation allows people to keepworking toward MokshaObeying the law of karma will bring a personto moksha

Karma= the action in a persons life whichaffects their fate in the next life (what goesaround comes around)


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Hinduism

Brahman

Humans

Animals

Plants

Objects


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HinduismWheel symbolizes the cycle of death and rebirthin order to escape wheel of fate one mustpractice good dharma

dharma= religious moral duties of the individualduties depend on age, class, occupation, and

gender

Moral principle of ahimsa, or nonviolence


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Hinduism- Caste System

Class division in India reflects social andeconomic roles rather than ethnicdifferencesThere is a complex system of castes, orsocial groups

born into, rarely changeclosely linked to Hindu beliefs


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Hinduism- Caste SystemA high caste= purer and closer to brahmanlower caste= farther from brahman and moreimpure

your caste determines aspects of your lifedespite inequalities caste system ensures orderKarma determines your caste

different castes depend on each otherlower caste carpenter built house for uppercaste homeowner


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Islam Emerged from the Arabian Peninsula

Founder, Muhammad, was born in Mecca in 570 A.D.

Muhammad was a shepard in his early life and later a wealthy merchant

At the age of 40 it is said that Muhammad heard the voice of an angel, Gabriel,who called on him to be a messenger of God

Islam is arabic, which is the official language of the religion, for to submit toGod

Muhammad devoted his life to spreading Islam

Today there are 1.25 billion followers


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IslamMuhammad urged Arabs to give up pagan beliefs and submit to one trueGod, Allah

Allah= arabic for God

At first the teachings of Muhammad were rejected

In 622 A.D., faced with the threat of murder, Muhammad left Mecca withhis followers to Yathrib

Yathrib was renamed Medina and 622 A.D. marks the birth of Islam

622 A.D. is the first year in the Muslim calendar


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Islam Why do you never

see pictures of

Muhammad? People who practice

Islam are called what?

What is the Islamicholy book?


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Islam

The Islamic symbol consists ofa crescent moon and a star.

The start of the muslim calendaris the sighting of the crescentmoon.

The star symbolizes the fivepillars of Islam.

Muslims gather to worship in amosque


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Islam- Teachings of Islam

Monotheistic

Muhammad preached that Allah is allpowerful and compassionate

Islam does not require priests to mediate

between the people and AllahThe Quran:

teaches that people are responsiblefor their own actions

Allahs will and provides a guide for

lifeemphasizes honesty, generosity, andsocial justice

harsh penalties for crime and murder


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Five Pillars of Islam1. Profession of faith (shahadah)2. Pray five times a day (salat)

3. Charity (zakat)4. Fasting during Ramadan (sawm)5. Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)


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Christianity Jesus of Nazareth is believed to

have been born in 4 b.c. in atown called Bethlehem

According to the Bible he was

a descendent of King David ofIsrael The Gospel says that an angel

appeared and told Jesussmother, Mary, that she would

give birth to the Messiah He known as the son of the

highest God


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Christianity Jesus grew up in Nazareth,

worshipping God and followingJewish law

He may have been a carpenter At age 30, began preaching Word spread throughout Israel

that he was performing miracles Eventually recruited 12 disciples His disciples were called apostles

which is Greek for a person sentforth


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Christianity The teachings of Jesus were firmly rooted in Jewish

traditions Believed in one God and 10 Commandments

Also preached new beliefs, including: Jesus called himself the Son ofGod Spiritual salvation and eternal life to anyone who believed

him Emphasized Gods love and taught need for justice,

morality, and service to others Taught forgiveness


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Christianity Jesus traveled to Jerusalem near

the Jewish holiday, Passover To Roman authorities Jesus was

a threat He was betrayed by a disciple

and condemned to death percrucifixion

Later, disciples claimed thatJesus rose from the dead andascended to heaven


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Christianity What are some

religions that fallunder christianity?

How manychristians are therethroughout theworld?

What is thechristian holy bookcalled?


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Christianity

The Christian symbol isknown as the cross

The cross symbolizesthe way Jesus died.You may see a plaincross. You may also seea cross with the figure ofJesus on it. This iscalled a crucifix


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Christianity Christians believe in the Trinity The Trinity consists of three figures:

Father Son Holy Ghost

To join the Christian faith one must

be baptized Sunday is a day of worship where

thanks is given to God


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Judaism It is believed that Judaism was developed 4000 years ago by

ancient Israelites Israelites are also known as Hebrews and Hebrew has become

the official language of Judaism 1st monotheistic religion Believe in an all knowing and all powerful God who is present

everywhere Laws and events are recorded in the Torah, the holy book Today, 14.6 million people practice Judaism


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J d i


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Judaism The Torah or The Book of Law

governs Judaism and Jews. Patriarchal society (authority to men) Ten Commandments- a set of laws Jews

believe God gave them through Moses Hebrew is the spoken language of

Judaism

Jews worship in a temple


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world religion ppt 10-3

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