world food programme lao pdr...luangprabang, huaphanh, vientiane province and khammuane) to start...

World Food Programme

Lao PDRAnnual Report 2008

MESSAGE FROM THE REPRESENTATIVE 2

OVERVIEW 5

RESPONDING TO THE FLOODS 8

THE PROTRACTED RELIEF AND RECOVERY OPERATION 13

THE SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMME 18

ADDRESSING NUTRITION THROUGH EDUCATION: 22 FEEDING THE FUTURE

THE LIVELIHOODS SUPPORT PROGRAMME 26

LOGISTICS AND PROCUREMENT 31

OUR STAFF 33

Table of Contents

Rice distribution in Khammuane province.

2008 was a year of transition for the World Food Programme (WFP) in Laos. I arrived in August as the new Representative, and after a few days the country was struck by one of the worst floods in living memory. So I had to hit the ground running.

I had the benefit of WFP’s Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) to get up to speed on the issues which are at the heart of the WFP mandate in Laos. The report was broadly disseminated in 2008 and helped to put food security and nutrition on the development agenda in Laos.

At the same time, Laos like so many other countries around the world was facing increasing concerns regarding high food prices. WFP carried out a food market study and a household level survey to understand the impact the food price crisis was having on household food security. The conclusion was that while food prices had risen in Laos, they were not as high as in regional and global markets. However, from a household perspective many people were struggling to maintain their purchasing power and resorting to non-sustainable coping strategies. With its network of sub-offices, WFP was well placed to gather first-hand information and respond to the most pressing food needs.

Message from the Representative

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Given the dynamics in the regional market, for the first time it became cost-efficient for WFP to buy rice in Laos. As a result, we managed to increase our level of local purchases from 1,080 metric tons in 2007 to 8,520 metric tons in 2008. This represented an injection of US$ 4.1 million into the local economy. We also strived to employ more Lao transporters to move the food from provincial warehouses to project sites. These are the kind of activities that WFP will continue to pursue in order to contribute to the development of local markets.

At the heart of WFP’s new Strategic Plan - globally as in Laos - is the need to ensure national ownership in all of its activities. In 2008, WFP’s support to the education sector was mainstreamed into the Ministry of Education’s Education Sector Development Framework (ESDF). We will continue to work closely with our partners in the Lao Government, as well as our bilateral partners, to gauge and make adjustments to our programmes to ensure close alignment with national development priorities of the country. WFP appreciates the leadership government counterparts have demonstrated to this end.

In 2008, bilateral partners supported our programmes generously. I wish to acknowledge the key role they play in helping to address food insecurity and hunger in Laos. I also wish to thank our colleagues in our UN sister agencies for all our achievements in enhancing coordination in 2008.

Last but certainly not least, I wish to thank the WFP staff working tirelessly throughout our offices and project sites in Laos. Without their continued dedication, we would not have been able to reach so many people in need in 2008.

Karin Manente WFP Representative

In 2008, WFP assisted nearly 500,000 poor, food-insecure people across the country. The overall goal of WFP in Laos continues to be to help communities achieve food security and improve access to primary education in remote areas. Activities underpinning this goal include WFP relief and recovery assistance, livelihood support and the School Feeding Programme.

WFP’s work in Laos reflects the agency’s corporate strategic objectives which are to:

1) S ave l i ve s a n d p ro t e c t livelihoods in emergencies;

2) Prevent acute hunger and invest in disaster preparedness and mitigation measures;

3) Restore and rebuild livelihoods in post-disaster or transition situations;

4) Reduce chronic hunger and undernutrition;

5) Strengthen the capacities of countries to reduce hunger, including through hand-over strategies and local purchase.

WFP’s main office is in the capital Vientiane. Being a field based organization, it also has sub-offices and outposts in the provinces. The sub-offices are located in Phongsaly, Luangnamtha, Oudomxay, Saravane and Attapeu. Out-posted staff are l o c a t e d i n L u a n g p r a b a n g , Xiengkhuang, Khammuane and Savannakhet; most of them are h o u s e d w i t h g o v e r n m e n t counterparts.

Geographical targeting of areas and communities is based on corporate v u l n e r a b i l i t y a n a l y s i s methodologies which are carried out in partnership with relevant counterparts and partners. Efforts are made to ensure the activities pursued by WFP are aligned to development plans and priorities at national, provincial and local levels. Project implementation and monitoring are carried out at the field level through WFP’s network of sub-offices and out-posted staff, i n c l o s e p a r t n e r s h i p w i t h government counterparts. Priority is given to the capacity building of local counterparts to ensure that over time they can assume a stronger role in the management of activities. Accountability is at the heart of how WFP operates, with close attention given to monitoring and reporting of the assistance provided.

In partnership with the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare at national, provincial and district levels, WFP provides food assistance to the poorest and most food insecure communities in the country, following disasters, in support of recovery efforts and in building livelihood assets. Local communities are equally involved in various aspects of project implementation such as in village level targeting, selection of food-for-work activities and in the organization of food distributions. In partnership with the Ministry of Education at national, provincial

Overview

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Left page: Villagers in Oudomxay receive rice after flash floods destroyed their harvest in October 2008.

and district levels, WFP operates its School Feeding Programme. Community participation is ensured through village level school feeding committees and includes aspects such as the management of school attendance, the storage and distribution of food stocks, and cooking.

WFP also expanded its activities in the field of nutrition, including by actively participating in the REACH initiative* – for which Laos is a pilot country – and with the development of a community-based nutrition education pilot, Feeding the Future, aimed at addressing malnutrition through education. In 2009 and beyond, WFP will continue to ensure it contributes to improving the nutrition situation in the country.

As a result of major flooding along the Mekong river in August 2008, W F P a c t i v i t i e s h a d t o b e implemented in prev ious ly untargeted areas, bringing the total number of provinces assisted to 16 – all Lao provinces except Vientiane capital.

FACTS AND FIGURES

Provinces assisted: 16

Districts covered: 87

Villages assisted: 1,828

Total number of 479,210beneficiaries:

TOTAL FOOD DISTRIbUTED bY YEAR (ALL PROjECTS) IN METRIC TONS

11,320

2008

10,700

2007

8,500

2006

6,800

2005 Year

2,000

0

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

* Renewing Efforts Against Child Hunger and Undernutrition (REACH) is an inter-agency pilot, co-sponsored globally by FAO, UNICEF, WFP and WHO, which aims to facilitate an effective coordination process among stakeholders in order to deliver an integrated, multi-intervention package to address childhood undernutrition.

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Responding to the Floods

In August 2008, Laos suffered from the most severe floods in decades.

The leadership of the National Disaster Management Committee (NDMC) and the National Disaster Management Office (NDMO) was commendable and the humanitarian community was swiftly mobilized to provide its support.

The local Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC), comprised of the NDMO, the UN Country Team, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the donor community, was quickly set in motion to support overall government coordination. A Rapid Assessment of Impacts and Needs was carried out by the IASC to provide the initial information

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needed to guide the response. On the basis of its results, a joint UN appeal was launched in September.

WFP accessed its internal immediate response funding mechanisms to kick-start its relief operation. Jointly with the UN Country Team, WFP also submitted a proposal to the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF)

to enable timely responsiveness. Shortly thereafter, a number of donors including the European Commission’s Humanitarian Aid department (ECHO), Germany, Australia and YUM! Brands (a major international restaurant chain) provided the required resources to enable continued support to the worst hit families in rural areas.

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Above: Like this place in a community in Bolikhamxay province, many houses and storage buildings in villages close to the Mekong were flooded in August 2008.

A total of 45,000 people affected by the floods were reached with immediate relief distributions in the s i x wo r s t - h i t p rov i n ce s o f Luangnamtha, Luangprabang, Bokeo, Vientiane, Bolikhamxay and Khammuane. A new partnership was established with the Lao Red Cross to enable distributions in the provinces where WFP did not have a presence (Bokeo, Sayabouly and Bolikhamxay).

Priority was given to households that had lost their food stocks or were unable to meet their food needs and to those who lost their crops and were likely to face serious rice shortages as a result of the floods. More emergency distributions were organized later in October,

when flash floods hit Oudomxay and Phongsaly provinces. In response to these localized floods, WFP assisted over 14,000 people in 87 villages.

Transporting food to the worst-hit villages was challenging with impassable roads, damaged bridges and many mudslides caused by the heavy rains. In some cases, distribution drop-points had to be established outside villages that could not be reached by road.

At the end of 2008, 96 food-for-work schemes were approved in six provinces (Luangnamtha, Bokeo, L u a n g p r a b a n g , H u a p h a n h , Vientiane Province and Khammuane) to start the second phase of the flood operation, which focused on the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the agricultural infrastructure damaged by the floods.

Districts affected by floods, August 2008

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Ms Tanh, 68 years old, pictured in front of the makeshift kitchen space she organized when her house was partially destroyed by a large rock that fell from the mountains as a result of the rains. The 30kg of rice received from WFP was vital in relieving the pressure of procuring food after the tragedy and allowing her to collect enough money to repair her hut.

Whenever possible, WFP issues ration cards to women. Here, a woman in Oudomxay signs WFP’s distribution list to receive her family’s rice ration after flash floods destroyed their harvest.

Talking about the floods with the vil lagers of Namthalan is a saddening experience. Namthalan is an example of how the frequent natural disasters that hit Laos can impact people’s livelihoods and may sometimes destroy years of work within minutes.

Despite isolation – until December 2008 the vi l lage was only reachable by a three-hour track through the forest – this village of Namtha district, in the northern province of Luangnamtha, did not experience food scarcity problems. “We never had rice deficits,” explains the deputy Naiban (village head) Mr Nyi, “The families which did not produce enough rice could buy or borrow from other villagers and thus cope with their needs.” Located in a valley and irrigated by the Thalan River, Namthalan has paddy fields owned by some of the families, whereas the rest of the villagers cultivate upland rice in the surrounding mountains.

When the Thalan river burst its banks, at 3 a.m. on a July night, everyone in the village was trying to sleep despite the pounding sound of heavy rain. It had been raining for an entire week, and the river had grown wider and wider. The lower part of the village, built on the river bed, was inundated. Five houses were destroyed or severely damaged, two buffalos and many of the small animals in the village (chicken, ducks and pigs) were killed. It was only six days after the flash flood that Mr Tho, the village head, could pass the mud ridden village and walk the long road to Luang Namtha town to seek help from the Labour and Social Welfare department and the Lao Red Cross.

Although inhabitants of Namthalan regular ly exper ience smal l flooding, no one had ever seen floods of this magnitude in living memory. As a consequence of the disaster, almost no family in Ban Namthalan could produce enough

rice for the entire year. The relief aid provided by WFP – 4.6 metric tons of food distributed to over 150 people within a few days – represented a lifeline allowing the families to cope with reduced food availability. With their crops reduced, less small animals to sell or barter, and difficult access to the market (it takes 6 hours to reach the district centre on foot during the dry season) the relief ration of 30kg of rice per person, sufficient for two months, gave the villagers more time to recover from this shock and to rebui ld their livelihoods. In Luangnamtha province, the flood relief operation assisted over 4,500 people in five districts, distributing 137 metric tons of food in 52 villages.

The damage caused by the floods, however, goes beyond the short-term relief needs. “The river has changed its course due to the force of the water,” remembers Ms Nahe, mother of three, who lives in the Lanten part of this multi-ethnic (Khmu and Lanten) village. “My field used to be right by the water, so now I have not only lost one third of my rice crop, but I will never get my land back!” she explains.

In many of the villages hit by the f looding, the extent of the destruction was not limited to the loss of the year’s crop. In many cases, agricultural infrastructure was severely damaged and will take a long time and considerable resources to rebuild. Layers of earth and gravel have covered what used to be agricultural fields, irrigation canals and earth dams were destroyed by the water, entire plantations were uprooted. “We used to have seven gabion weirs at various points of the river, to feed our paddy fields with water through irrigation canals. Every year we would have to repair them a little after the rainy season, but this time all of them were completely destroyed,” laments Mr Nyi.

For these reasons, after the relief distributions, a second phase of recovery was planned for 2009, with food-for-work (FFW) activities that will help the villagers get back to their normal agricultural patterns. After the floods 96 FFW schemes were approved to reconstruct damaged roads, rebuild canals and earth dams, and to repair or replace gabion weirs so as to ensure sufficient food production in the years to come.

When a Disaster Strikes

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The Thalan river on its new course after the waters had receded.

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A food-for-work bridge under construction: in 2008, communities, supported by WFP and the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare, built 22 such bridges.

Overview

The Protracted Relief and Recovery Operation (PRRO) is designed to assist rural communities affected by natural disasters and changes to their livelihoods which have an adverse impact on their food security. Working with the most impoverished communities and families, the PRRO aims at improving household food security, building livelihood assets and preventing deterioration in the nutritional status of the vulnerable and food-insecure.

Laos is subject to a variety of natural disasters: floods are a regular occurrence during the rainy season, and in some cases can have damaging effects; localised droughts sometimes follow the dry season and pest infestations can damage crops extensively. Large areas of the country – in particular the provinces bordering Vietnam – are still contaminated with unexploded ordnance (UXO) from the Second Indochina War, making them unsuitable for cultivation or animal husbandry and putt ing the population living there at serious risk.

The Protracted Relief and RecoveryOperation

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In the past four years, the PRRO has given food assistance after natural disasters, helped villages which had to reconstruct their livelihoods after ceasing opium production, assisted the transition of villages relocated into new areas and helped communities find alternative livelihoods and production means after the ban on shifting cultivation. Under the PRRO, WFP also supported HIV/AIDS patients and young mothers seeking medical assistance during deliveries. In the assisted provinces, WFP’s food assistance through the PRRO serves as a safety net in times of crises, and supports entire communities as they recover from shocks and rebuild their livelihoods.

The PRRO is designed, managed and implemented in close cooperation with the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare (MLSW) which, in Vientiane and at province and district level, makes available to WFP its expertise and staff as an essential contribution to the success of the project. Provincial Labour and Social Welfare departments and district officers work closely with

WFP staff in the day-to-day management of the PRRO.

Relief assistance

The PRRO was designed as a flexible i n s t r u m e n t t o r e s p o n d t o emergencies as they occur. With its extensive field presence across the country, WFP Lao PDR is in a good position to monitor the food security situation in the provinces and to gather first-hand information on related issues as they arise. Requests for food assistance are usual ly received from local communities and submitted to WFP through the provincial authorities.

In 2008, half of WFP’s overall relief food assistance was provided in response to the floods of August, and other localized floods that followed. Other relief needs included localised emergencies resulting for example from pests and droughts. In total, more than 2,000 metric tons were distributed as relief assistance to almost 84,000 people in over 460 villages across the provinces of Phongsaly,

UXO Clearance

Many of the PRRO project areas are still heavily contaminated by unexploded ordnance (UXO) from the Second Indochina War. UXO pose a serious risk not only to the health and safety of villagers, but also to their food security. The presence of UXO reduces the land availability for agriculture and animal husbandry, and the possibility of using the forest for food and other non-timber forest products, thus compromising food availability and livelihood opportunities for the villagers.

UXO clearance in the affected areas is essential before FFW activities can begin. For this reason, WFP partners with the national clearing agency UXO-Lao and two international agencies, the Mines Advisory Group (MAG) and the Swiss Federation for Mine Action (FSD).

In 2008, these partner agencies allowed WFP to conduct FFW activities on over 90 hectares of UXO-cleared land in six provinces (Xiengkhouang, Khammouane, Savannakhet, Saravane, Sekong and Attapeu).

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A man from Ban Phonethom in Luangprabang Province on the way home after working on a food-for-work road connecting his village to markets and health and education services.

Villagers in Savannakhet on an earth dam they constructed on land cleared by FSD.

Building Capacity in the Field

At provincial level, the district officers are essential for the imple-mentation of WFP programme activities. Their knowledge of the territory and the local communities, as well as the villagers’ confidence in them, often make them the first point of call for village heads when a problem or difficulty arises. The continued cooperation between WFP field staff and officials from the Lao Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare (MLSW) is crucial in ensur-ing that all projects are carried out within schedule, and in monitoring their implementation. For these reasons, WFP places high priority in the development of their skills. District officers and Provincial Food Aid Coordinators (PFACs) receive regular training on food security issues and on accountability and reporting procedures. Between September and October 2008, district officers also received computer training and equip-ment to assist them in the management of PRRO activities.

L u a n g n a m t h a , O u d o m x a y , Luangprabang, Huaphanh, Bokeo, Xiengkhuang, Sayabouly, Vientiane Province, Bolikhamxay, Khammuane and Sekong, providing a lifeline to communities facing rice shortages.

Food for work

Relief activities are often followed by food-for-work (FFW) schemes that aim at improving the long-term food security of households and communities by building community or family assets. Villagers involved in FFW activities receive rice from WFP in payment for building community or family assets of their choice.

The evaluations of the PRRO held so far (in 2006 and 2008) have confirmed that strengthening livelihoods through FFW is an effective means of improving the long- term food secur i ty of beneficiaries. Through community schemes, WFP supports the villagers in building assets such as access roads to remote villages and dams and irrigation canals. This kind of support helps communities improve their production capacity and access to markets. Other schemes include the expansion and creation of agricultural land and paddy fields, fish ponds and family gardens.

In 2008, WFP assisted 196 villages with FFW activities in the provinces of Phongsaly, Luangprabang, Huaphanh, Xiengkhuang, Vientiane Province, Khammuane, Savannakhet, Saravane, Sekong, Champasack and Attapeu. More than 30,300 people participated as workers, and WFP food assistance through FFW r e a c h e d c l o s e t o 7 5 , 3 0 0 beneficiaries.

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Mr Khamsing Namsavanh, Senior Programme Assistant in Xiengkhuang Province, delivers computers to district officers.

Senior Programme Assistant Bouakhai Saipaseuth explains WFP procedures to a group of villagers in Luangprabang who are about to receive their ration of rice.

FACTS AND FIGURES

Provinces assisted: 16


Villages assisted: 712

Total number of beneficiaries: 182,000

Counterpart: Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare

Partners: Lao Red Cross (LRC), UXO Lao, Mines Advisory Group (MAG), Fondation Suisse de Déminage (FSD), Thai-Australia Collaboration in HIV Nutrition (TACHIN), Médecins sans Frontières (MSF), CARE Australia.

Outputs

Paddy expansion: 267.5 ha

Bridges: 22 bridges

Wells: 2 wells

Fish ponds: 25 ponds

Fruit tree plantations: 626,782 trees

Timber tree plantations: 168.5 ha

Earth dams: 43 dams

Irrigation canals: 4 canals

Roads: 61 km

Rice terracing: 3.5 ha

A Road out of PovertyThe ban on opium production in 2000 left the villagers of Ban Vangkhone, in the northern province of Luangprabang, in a dire situation. All the families in the village had been engaged in the production of poppies, so their main source of income was lost . Only f ive households in the village had cultivable upland areas available to them in the vicinity of the village, the rest had to walk further up into the mountains to work on the land they used before the village was relocated to its current location. The yields had been dropping so sharply that some families, after harvesting the rice in November, had no stocks left in December.

After receiving WFP relief assistance during the lean season, the village embarked on FFW activities in order to build an access road and overcome its isolation. For a village this remote, even a simple earth road represents a lifeline. The journey to the closest market used to take at least three hours of walking down a narrow track through the jungle, which often became impassable during the rainy season. No trader would come to the village to sell or buy anything.

Since 2008, with the newly constructed road, the villagers of Vangkhone have started selling some of their products - mainly non-timber forest products they can collect around the village - at the local market or to traders who can now reach the village by motorbike or small vehicles.

Villagers of Ban Vangkhone.

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The School Feeding Programme

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close cooperat ion with the Provincial Education Services (PES) and the District Education Bureaus (DEB) of the MOE. Every day at school, students receive a nutritious mid-morning snack made of sweetened corn-soya blend (CSB) cooked with vegetable oil. Oil has been added to the recipes to address the low fat consumption levels in rural areas.

Schoolchildren also receive take-home rations of rice, canned fish and salt which are meant to encourage their families to support their education. One third of the ration is provided at the start of the school semester, whereas the second part is distributed at the end of the semester to those students

who attended at least 80 percent of school days. Larger take-home rations are given to female students as an additional incentive to their families.

Increased food rations are also provided to informal boarders, children whose schools are located far from their village. These children are usually accommodated in simple boarding facilities adjacent to the schools.

Increased enrolment rates

Since the start of school feeding in 2002, an improvement in the students’ school enrolment has been recorded in the areas of the programme. The net enrolment rate

Overview

The School Feeding Programme in Laos started in 2002 and is implemented jointly with the Ministry of Education (MOE). The aim is to contr ibute to the improvement of enrolment and attendance rates, reduce dropout rates, bridge the gender gap and boost children’s concentration at school. The three northern provinces Phongsaly, Luangnamtha and Oudomxay are targeted due to the low enrolment and educational indicators.

In 2008, school feeding support was provided to almost 1,100 schools, reaching 90,000 school children and their families through

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Snack time in the village primary school of Ban Tinsan in Luangnamtha province.

(number of primary school-age children enrolled in primary schools expressed as a percentage of the total primary school-age children) was 60 percent for boys aged 6-10 and 52.8 percent for girls of the same age group in 2002. In 2008, in WFP-assisted schools these values were 88.9 and 84.2 percent, respectively. The records also show greater progress in the target areas compared to national averages: since 2005 the net enrolment rate increased by 6.1 percent in school feeding target areas while the national growth rate over the same period was 5.3 percent. The contribution of the School Feeding P rogramme to the education sector is reflected in the

c u r r e n t E d u c a t i o n S e c t o r Development Framework 2009-2015 (ESDF), approved by the MOE in December 2008. The ESDF lays out the Government’s sector-wide policy and strategic priorities on education for the coming six years. It recognises the role of school feeding in reducing cost barriers for enrolment and encouraging sustained participation of the children at school, “particularly in rural and hard to reach settlements in the northern provinces of Lao PDR”. The ESDF also calls for school feeding and nutrition programmes “to be rapidly expanded and maintained at a level necessary to encourage children in lower primary grades from more disadvantaged communities to remain in school.” T h e l o n g - t e r m gove r n m e n t objective, as explained in the ESDF, is the expansion of school feeding activities to all of the 47 districts identified as the poorest and in most urgent need of assistance in order to ensure “education for children from poorer families, to address student performance and increase promotion rates, to reduce dropout and improve attendance rates.”

The future of school feeding: e x p a n d i n g o u t r e a c h , building capacity

In 2008, WFP and the Ministry of Education carried out a range of activities in order to prepare for the expansion of the programme to the three southern provinces of Saravane, Sekong and Attapeu. Once the programme is fully implemented also in the South, it should bring the number of children benefiting from school feeding to over 130,000, and the total number of beneficiaries to 430,000. This expansion has been possible thanks to a generous contribution from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) under the

George McGovern - Robert Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program.

Government ownership

At a central level the programme is managed by the MOE and WFP. In the field, the PES and district officers from the Ministry work together with WFP f ield monitors in ident i fy ing ta rget v i l lages , organising and following food distributions, and monitoring the implementation of the programme throughout the school year.

In 2008, a strong focus was put on building the capacity of partners and encourag ing increased ownership of the School Feeding Programme. MOE personnel, district officers, as well as district officers from the Lao Women’s Union participated in trainings on monitoring and evaluation aimed a t i m p rov i n g t h e i r p ro j e c t management skills. In September, over 120 staff members from MOE and WFP, as well as delegates from the Lao Women’s Union participated in a three-day workshop to take stock of their achievements and

best practices and prepare for the new phase of the programme. The M O E i s t a k i n g i n c r e a s i n g responsibility in planning and implementing the School Feeding Programme, as well as in monitoring and evaluation activities.

A B E L : Acce ss t o B a s i c Education in Laos

Since 2006, WFP participates in a partnership with MOE, UNICEF and AusAID named Access to Basic Education in Laos (ABEL), which aims at strengthening “policy and delivery systems in support of increased primary enrolment and education outcomes, especially for

girls.” The ABEL project has been designed to assist the Lao Ministry of Education in reaching the goal of Universal Primary Education by 2015.

Under the ABEL partnership, WFP and UNICEF work together to deliver a comprehensive educational package to the students by transforming the primary schools involved in “Schools of Quality”: UNICEF supports the construction of latrines, water supply systems and the training of school principals on innovative teaching and school management methods. Under the School Feeding Programme, WFP provides food assistance to the children and their families. In 2008,

FACTS AND FIGURES

Provinces assisted: 3 (Phongsaly, Luangnamtha, Oudomxay)


Number of schools

assisted: 1,084

Number of school

children assisted: 89,859

Total number of

beneficiaries: 291,854

Counterpart: Ministry of Education

Enrolment ratios*

WFP assisted net enrolment ratio for boys

schools: (aged six to ten years): 88.9%

net enrolment ratio for girls: 84.2%

ratio of girls/boys: 0.86

National average: net enrolment ratio for boys

(aged six to ten years): 84%

net enrolment ratio for girls: 79.95%

ratio of girls/boys: 0.82

* The net enrolment ratio is the number of primary school-age children (6-10 years of age) enrolled in primary schools expressed as a percentage of the total primary school-age children

WFP and UNICEF collaborated through ABEL in 275 schools in northern Laos.

In 2008, under the ABEL partnership, WFP was able to provide all of the school feeding schools with new construction material to reinforce and renovate the village school kitchens where WFP mid-morning s n a c k s a r e p r e p a r e d . T h e renovations provided for a safer and healthier environment for food preparation.

The ABEL partnership has also enabled WFP to expand the capacity building activities with its MOE counterparts at all levels.

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Yeer Yung’s school day starts before sunrise. He gets up early to fetch water from the well and cook rice for himself and his three siblings before he heads off to school. Fortunately, the walk only takes him a few minutes. After classes, Yeer feeds the family’s ducks, chickens and pigs before he sits down to do his homework, often finishing by candlelight.

The 14 year old boy lives with his father and four siblings in Xayxana, a small village in Oudomxay’s Pakbeng district, three to four hours drive from the provincial capital. The village has its own primary school which participates in the WFP-assisted School Feeding Programme.

Yeer Yung’s school draws students from the surrounding area beyond the village limits. Many of the 325 children learning there live much further away than Yeer and his family.

Long distances from school keep the children away from home for a long time and prevent them from helping their parents as much as Yeer does. Many parents therefore decide to take older children out of school to help provide for the family. To help reduce such drop-out, school feeding offers take-home rations of rice, salt and canned fish to students and their families. The rations help guarantee food security and represent an additional incentive for parents to send their children to school. Students who live more than one hour’s walk away from school receive extra rations.

At school, Yeer receives a nutritious mid-morning snack made of vitamin- and mineral-fortified corn-soya blend

Small artists, big success – Lao primary school students win WFP Global Art Competition two years in a row

which is freshly prepared every day by the village women. School feeding snacks prevent short-term hunger and help the students to concentrate and perform better at school.

In 2008, Yeer Yung drew a picture of these food preparations, portraying four women from his village. With this painting, he took part in the WFP international Children’s Art Competition and became one of thirteen winners worldwide. He was the second Lao child to win this contest in two consecutive years. In 2007, Phetsamone Phomvichay, an 11 year-old girl from Phongsaly province in the far north of Lao PDR won the art competition with a drawing of meal-time in her classroom.

Every year WFP organises these worldwide art competitions for the children attending school feeding schools. The competitions are themed “the difference WFP school meals make to my life,” and students are invited to submit drawings inspired by this subject. The best works are evaluated by a commission in WFP’s headquarters in Rome and selected to feature in the WFP calendar. In 2008, 155 children from 31 countries participated in the art competition.

Yeer and Phetsamone both received a prize of US$100 for themselves, and

US$200 for their respective schools. While the schools use the money to buy equipment for students from poorer families, Phetsamone and Yeer want to invest their prize in their future education: “I can’t wait to go to secondary school; I want to keep learning as long as I can!” Phetsamone said in 2007.

For Yeer, this dream is about to come true: he will complete primary school at the end of this school year. The closest secondary school is in another village ten kilometres away from his home, but he is determined to continue his education. His father has vowed to support him, and is planning to spend the money won in the art competition on a new school uniform and a bicycle for his son. This will make it possible for him to attend school every day, and continue to live with and help his family.

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Yeer Yung and his father after the price ceremony in Yeer’s school.

Addressing Nutrition Through Education: Feeding the Future

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Too short for their age: girls of Ban Mai, Oudomxay province, in front of a chart with the lines showing the normal height range for their ages.

Malnutrition, especially chronic malnutrition, is a widespread problem in Lao PDR. The WFP Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) found that in rural areas every second child under five years of age is chronical ly malnourished (stunted). The figure is even higher in some ethnic groups in the n o r t h e r n u p l a n d s . C h ro n i c malnutrition prevents children from attaining their full physical growth and from reaching their full cognitive potential, which in turn impacts household earning potential and perpetuates the cycle of poverty.

With the aim to find innovative ways to tackle this problem, and complementary to its School Feeding Programme, WFP has developed Feeding the Future – a community-based approach to nutrition education. Feeding the Future addresses some of the root causes of chronic malnutrition, including lack of knowledge about what constitutes a healthy diet, and bad nutritional practices. The project includes a tailor-made training for women in reproductive age and other family care-givers, and works with villagers to promote positive changes in their food-related behaviours.

Feeding the Future takes a creative approach to nutrition education with a community-based, culturally specific focus. Trainings are conducted almost entirely in ethnic language, using governmental trainers supervised by WFP staff. The use of culturally specific photos and posters, role plays, games and

Addressing Nutrition Through Education: Feeding the Future

cooking sessions ensures that nutrition concepts are understood well by the trainees. These methods are engaging, simple and relevant to the life context of the villagers.

The training has been piloted in July and August 2008 in four ethnic villages of the Hmong, Khmu, Lanten and Akha ethnic groups in Oudomxay and Luangnamtha p rov i n ce s , w i t h ve r y go o d

attendance and acceptance by the villagers. Given the success of the pilot training, Feeding the Future is expanding to involve more villages in 2009. A training package, containing training manuals and materials will be finalised before the expansion. In the long term, it is envisioned that the Feeding the Future training manual will be incorporated in the national curricula for non-formal education.

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Larvae are rich in protein and fat, but villagers rarely use them for cooking. Feeding the Future promotes the use of insects to complement rural diets.

When the school bell (a car rim beaten with an iron rod) rings in Ban Phiyer on a sunny August day, it’s not the children who come rushing to attend classes. It is a colourful line of Akha women, accompanied by the jingling and tinkling of silver c o i n s o n t h e i r e l a b o r a t e headdresses. The school, still closed for the summer holidays, is hosting the Feeding the Future pilot nutrition training. For five days a group of women , men and adolescent girls and boys from the village attend classes on nutrition, cooking practices, food taboos, basic hygiene and childcare.

“In the whole history of my people, which dates 1,400 years back, we never had a nutrition training. Never!” says one of the elderly in the Hmong community of Ban Phonekham, Oudomxay province, another village which hosted the

pilot training. “There were so many things we just didn’t know! No one ever explained all these things to us before,” agrees Mr Phiyer, the founder of Ban Phiyer.

The training starts from the basic concept that “you are what you eat”: the villagers are invited to explore the different food groups, to find links with the food resources available locally, to understand the role of each type of food in ensuring a healthy life, and to appreciate the different nutritional needs at different stages of the lifecycle. Sensitive themes such as food taboos and traditional practices related to pregnancy, lactation and weaning are addressed through simple examples and role plays.

Af te r the lunch break , the participants return to the village school to find the Feeding the

Future staff preparing wood fires, pots and ingredients for the second part of the training. Every afternoon, three or more dishes are prepared, using local ingredients from the forest and the village gardens and combining them in order to maximize the nutritional intake. The concepts explained in the morning – how to avoid loss of nutrients during the cooking process, how to use salt and spices to make food tasty without mono-sodium glutamate (MSG) and many more – are now put into practice in the cooking pot. The ingredients may include corn and sweet potatoes, but also highly nutritious frogs, water scorpions and other insects. These resources are available in many parts of the country and can provide rural communities with the nutrients that are currently lacking in their diets.

When the food is ready, everyone rushes to the tables to taste all of the new dishes. Once the meal is finished, a vote is taken by show of hands and an explosion of laughter follows the announcement of the winning dishes – stuffed water scorpion with herbs, fried rice with corn, rice water soup with herbs and fried pumpkin with sesame seeds.

When the trainees of Ban Phiyer leave the school building at the end of the five days, they have a mission: to share what they learned with their fellow villagers who did not participate in the training. “I learned so much during these five days,” says Ms A-Heu with a smile. “From now on, I will make fewer mistakes when cooking for my children and my family. And if I see someone in the village making the same errors I used to make, now I can teach them how to cook!”

You Are What You Eat

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Akha women and young girls in Ban Phiyer, Luangnamtha Province, piece together a puzzle showing the components of a healthy diet.

REACH is a global level, joint initiative led by the World Food Programme (WFP), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF), and the World Health Organization (WHO) to address the scourge of child malnutrition worldwide. Many new partners have joined the REACH initiative since its creation in 2008, including other UN agencies, several international non-governmental organizations (INGOs), academic institutions, private sector companies, as well as donor and recipient countries.

R E AC H wo r k s t ow a rd s t h e achievement of Target 3 of the first Millennium Development Goal (MDG), which is to halve the proportion of people who suffer from hunger by 2015, and focuses on reducing the number of underweight children under five. REACH’s approach favours the promotion of country-specific best practices and encourages the scale up of the interventions that have proven effective in the country. In order to do this, REACH brings together governments, UN agencies and NGOs involved in nutrition, so

The REACH initiativethat synergies can be created among them and best practices and knowledge can be shared.

Laos – together with Mauritania – was selected as a pilot focus country for the REACH project and an office was established in Vientiane in 2008. WFP Lao PDR contributes to REACH through its nutrition and food secur i ty experts , who participate in technical workshops and assist in a stock-tacking analysis of nutrition-related activities in the country.

25

One of the best ways to monitor an infant’s development is to weigh the child regularly.

The Livelihoods Support Programme

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Feeding fingerlings: A villager of Ban Huay Mok next to the fishpond he built with the assistance of the Oudomxay Community Initiatives Support Project.

Overview

The main ob jec t ive of the Livelihoods Support Programme is to provide assistance to food-insecure communities recovering from livelihood shocks – such as resettlement or the cessation of swidden agriculture or opium production – which affect their capacity to produce and procure food. The long-term objective of the project is to improve the livelihoods basis and hence the food security of the assisted households.

This project partners with other organizations to implement the field activities. In this framework, WFP food assistance is part of comprehensive integrated rural development programmes. In this way villagers benefit from a broad spectrum of development activities including WFP’s food assistance. Some of these partnerships are now long-established - the project was initiated in 2004 - and represent an important contribution to the development at province and distr ict level . In 2008, WFP cooperated with six INGOs and two IFAD-supported, government-implemented projects, working in six provinces and 14 districts across Laos.

Ownership and sustainability of the project are ensured through participation of village communities in all phases of the activities, from the project design to implementation and maintenance of the assets c r e a t e d . V i l l a g e Fo o d A i d Committees are created in each project village to ensure close dialogue and coordination between families, heads of villages, district and provincial authorities, and WFP field staff.

The Livelihoods Support Programme focuses mainly on rural communities

in remote upland areas. Ninety-five percent of the households involved in the project in 2008 were from non Lao-Tai ethnic groups, mainly situated in Northern Laos.

In 2008, the Livelihoods Support Programme assisted a total of 73,600 benef ic iar ies in s ix provinces, 14 districts and 230 villages, involving over 12,000 food-insecure families.

Food for Work

The main component of WFP’s Livelihood Support Programme is Food for Work (FFW). Villagers build family and community assets of their choice, receiving rice from WFP in payment for their labour. Food assistance provided by WFP increases the villagers’ food availability, reduces the need to seek food and allows them to invest time and resources in agricultural infrastructure that will improve their long-term food security and livelihoods opportunities.

A popular community scheme is the construction of access roads to reach isolated villages. In 2008, over 100 km of rural roads were constructed, allowing 22 villages access to social services and market opportunities. Providing villages w i t h b e t t e r t r a n s p o r t a n d communication also reduces the need for re locat ion . Other community schemes focus on the construction of village agricultural assets such as earth dams, gabion weirs, irrigation schemes, wells and canals which feed water into the village’s rice paddies and gardens.

Family schemes, chosen by the individual households according to their availability of land and labour, generally include the creation or the expansion of paddy fields for rice cultivation, the creation of fish

ponds and the establishment of family gardens.

The creation and expansion of rice fields is a labour-intensive activity for which food-insecure households, constantly engaged in procuring food or cash to cover their food needs, often cannot commit time and resources. For this reason, WFP’s support through FFW has proven particularly effective as it allows families to dedicate a limited amount of labour toward long-term land development.

Other family schemes implemented with FFW focus on expanding and d i ve r s i f y i n g t h e v i l l a g e r s ’ livelihoods, through the promotion of alternative crops. These projects support farmers who no longer use slash-and-burn agriculture, families that have ceased opium production and relocated communit ies . Improved forage crops, industrial trees and fruit tree plantations, as well as marketable products such as galangal were among the schemes implemented in 2008.

WFP’s commitments towards women and Food for Training

Increasing the participation and involvement of women in all projects is one of WFP’s global commitments. A proactive approach is taken in order to achieve inclusion, starting from the distribution of WFP food to the families’ women whenever possible. Women are also encouraged to participate in the village food aid committees, allowing them to be involved in the decision making process and in the implementation of activities.

In rural areas, women and young gir ls have l imited access to education, often not being able to attend schools. For this reason WFP started providing food assistance

27

for educational activities directed to women, in partnership with two NGOs (German Agro Action – GAA – and the governmental Oudomxay Community Initiatives Support Project – OCISP, supported by IFAD). The most successful are basic Lao literacy and numeracy classes – very useful especially in ethnic group villages where women often only speak the ethnic language. The classes are conducted in the evenings by the village school teachers so as to not interfere with

the women’s agricultural and family tasks. Both the women and the teachers receive WFP rice as an incentive to participate and to remunerate their efforts in pursuing an education.

These food-for-training activities, which also include improved weaving design training, have proven very successful among the women. The basic notions learned during the courses allow the women to gain a more important role in

FACTS AND FIGURES

Provinces assisted: 6 (Luangnamtha, Oudomxay, Luangprabang, Bokeo, Xiengkhuang, Attapeu)


Villages assisted: 231

Total number of beneficiaries: 73,608

Counterpart: Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare

Partners: Oudomxay Community Initiative Support Project (OCISP – IFAD- assisted), Rural Livelihood Improvement Project (RLIP – IFAD-assisted), German Agro Action (GAA/DWHH), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenar-beit (GTZ), Action Contre la Faim (ACF), Cooperazione e Sviluppo Onlus (CESVI), Norwegian Church Aid (NCA), Vredeseilanden (VECO)

Outputs

Paddy terracing andexpansion: 162 ha

Fish ponds: 108 ponds

Fruit tree plantation: 7 ha

Earth dams: 3 dams

Irrigation canals: 33 canals

Roads constructed: 103 km

Bush clearance: 529 ha

Canal: 1 km

Grass planting: 4 ha

Mix galangal plantation: 15 ha

Road maintenance: 1 km

Lao literacy courses: 110 courses

Weaving training courses: 5 courses

managing their family’s economic resources. Moreover, evaluations show that women exposed to food-for-education activities become more active in public fora, thus promoting broader changes in the villages.

In 2008, food-for-training activities were conducted in 53 villages, distributing over 130 metric tons of rice to 1,516 women and adolescent girls.

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Mr Kham is an old, skinny man who lives in a bamboo hut with his wife and twelve-year-old daughter in Kengmarkeua village in Attapeu province. Poverty and hunger were leading him to depression. So much so that in the porch under his house, he kept a coffin which he made for himself, looking forward to the moment when he could finally use it. “I don’t have anything to eat, I cannot feed my family. It’s not worth living, I cannot wait to die,” he used to say.

Remarried at a late age, Mr Kham has a young family, with five children for whom he cannot adequately provide as a landless farmer cultivating upland rice. The rice he produces lasts only for a few months after the harvest, which means that the family has to buy rice during the r e m a i n i n g m o n t h s a n d t o incorporate various forest products, such as wild animals and herbs, to maintain a sufficient dietary intake. Occasionally, Mr Kham works as a labourer, but his reduced physical strength affects his capacity and therefore his income.

In Attapeu, WFP’s Livelihood Support Programme has a well established cooperation with a g o v e r n m e n t a l a g r i c u l t u r a l programme, assisted by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), called Rural Livelihood Improvement Project (RLIP) . RLIP is an integrated development programme that focuses on improving economic growth and livelihoods through sustainable farming and income generating activities. RLIP pays particular attention in the timing of its projects in order not to interfere with the villagers’ agricultural cycle.

RLIP and WFP cooperate in a number of FFW activities in three districts of Attapeu province, where they plan and provide technical supervision on the work conducted at village level. The Ministry of Agriculture contributes by training t h e v i l l a ge rs o n i m p rove d agricultural techniques and IFAD has established a marketing unit to help the farmers sell their surplus in the local markets. The rice provided by WFP in support for FFW activities allows the farmers to invest their time in long-term development projects.

After hearing Mr Kham’s story, WFP and RLIP field monitors involved him and his family in the food-for-work activities in his village. Together wi th h is wi fe , he participated in the construction of an access road to his village,

receiving 120 kilograms of rice from WFP in return for his work. In the area surrounding his house, Mr Kham also built – with a FFW family scheme – two small fish ponds and a home garden in which he now cultivates vegetables and fruit for the family.

Less than a year after the start of FFW activities, Mr Kham has a productive home garden, eats fish from the small ponds and even sells some fish at the local market. With this small income, he became a member of the village’s rural microfinance group, and he manages to put approximately US$1 per month into the village revolving fund.

Now over 70 years old, Mr Kham enjoys life with his family and looks forward to the future.

Finding a New Meaning in Life

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Mr Kham taking care of his new garden.

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At one of the two WFP warehouses in Vientiane, a worker is loading rice bags destined for Xiengkhuang in the north of Laos.

In 2008, WFP delivered a total of 11,320 metric tons of food in 16 provinces of Laos. Deliveries serviced remote and mountainous communit ies , ensur ing that schoolchildren received a daily nutritious meal at school and take-home rations to share with their families. Additionally, logistics and procurement distributed much needed food during the lean season and after the floods in August.

A steady increase in global food and fuel prices had a significant impact on WFP operations in Laos. While the price of rice increased in Laos, the increase was not as significant as in neighbouring countries. It therefore became cost-effective to purchase rice from local suppliers. As a result, WFP increased its purchase of food in Laos from 11 percent of overall WFP food distributions in 2007 to as much as 75 percent in 2008, or 8,520 metric tons. Suppliers in the provinces of O u d o m x a y , V i e n t i a n e , Khammuane and Champasack provided rice which was then distributed in rice-deficit project areas. WFP had to invest time and effort to build the capacity of local suppliers, focusing on three key aspects: price competitiveness, food quality in accordance to specifications, and transparency in the invoicing and payment systems.

In addition to rice, the entire provision of salt and corn-soya

blend (CSB) came from Lao producers. The total value of local procurement in 2008 was US$4.1 million.

WFP also increased its commitment to use local transport companies at provincial and district level, rather than at capital level, thus reducing the time and cost of transport. Thanks to this new approach, WFP was able to decrease its transport costs in 2008 despite the constant rise in fuel prices. All of the food and non-food items mobilised in Laos in 2008 were transported by local companies for a total value of US$1 million. As with the local food suppliers, similar capacity building efforts were needed with the t r a n s p o r t e r s i n t e r m s o f competitiveness and accountability.

Local contracting of goods and services will continue to be a priority for WFP in Laos in an effort to create economic opportunities and contribute to market development.

Expanding capacity in the South.

In 2008, WFP and MOE made preparations for the expansion of the School Feeding Programme to the southern provinces. School Feeding planned to operate in remote areas of Saravane, Sekong and Attapeu, some of which had not been reached by WFP in the past. In order to better service the needs of the southern provinces, the warehouse in Pakse was reinforced

with a new warehouse constructed in Saravane. The Saravane Provincial Education Service made the premises available and WFP renovated the building which now can safely store up to 3,000 metric tons of food for the operations in Saravane, Sekong and Attapeu provinces.

Food distributions

In 2008, over 60 percent of the food was distributed in the northern provinces, 22 percent went to Centra l Laos (X iengkhuang, V i e n t i a n e , B o l i k h a m x a y , Khammuane, Savannakhet) and 15 percent was assigned to the southern provinces. In Sekong province, food distr ibutions increased fivefold in 2008, mainly due to an increase in FFW activities and to relief needs in Lamarm and Kaleum districts.

As much of the lean season coincides with the rainy season, WFP has to reach its beneficiaries with the much needed food assistance at a time when transport and accessibility is the most challenging. Secondary and tertiary roads become very difficult to use, if not impassable, as the rainy season progresses. Some villages in need of assistance become cut-off and have to be reached by boat. As the rainy season progresses, even river transport can be dangerous in some areas. Despite these challenges, WFP managed 60 percent of the food distributions during the rainy season.

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Logistics andProcurement

SCHOOL FEEDING

Province Food in metric tons %

Oudomxay 2,057 50

Luangnamtha 889 28

Phongsaly 1,136 22

TOTAL 4,082 100

LIVELIHOODS SUPPORT PROGRAMME


Bokeo 38 2

Luangnamtha 727 35

Oudomxay 631 31

Luangprabang 112 6

Xiengkhuang 146 7

Attapeu 400 19

TOTAL 2,054 100

Most of the food commodities distributed in 2008 were assigned to the PRRO in response to the floods response and other relief needs as well as FFW. A total of over 5,100 metric tons were distributed in 15 provinces across Laos. The province that received the most food was Khammouane, mainly due to the floods response.

The Livelihoods Support Programme operates mainly in remote upland areas of northern and southern Laos. For this reason, transporting the over 2,000 metric tons of rice required to assist extremely vulnerable communities was particularly difficult.

School feeding, with its extensive network reaching almost 1,100 schools in the 19 districts of Phongsaly, Luangnamtha and Oudomxay, accounted for 36 percent of the food handled by WFP in 2008.

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PROTRACTED RELIEF AND RECOVERY OPERATION


Attapeu 215 4

Champasack 40 1

Saravane 485 9

Sekong 533 10

Savannakhet 338 7

Khammuane 1,000 19

Vientiane 609 12

Bolikhamxay 207 4

Xiengkhuang 203 4

Huaphanh 218 4

Luangprabang 735 14

Phongsaly 120 2

Luangnamtha 150 3

Bokeo 144 3

Oudomxay 188 4

TOTAL 5,185 100

2008 saw an increase in the number of WFP staff, mainly due to the response to the floods in August, and the preparation for the expansion of the School Feeding Programme.

By the end of the year, after the e n d o f t h e e m e r g e n c y distributions in flood-affected areas, WFP had a total of 103 staff members. Of these, 78 (77 percent) were Lao nationals. The international staff came from 18 different countries. WFP is committed to increasing the capacity of national staff and progressively entrust them with management responsibilities.

Fifty-two percent of the staff are women, and 58 percent of the employees are based in the field. Despite the tendency for field staff to

Our Staffbe male, WFP counts amongst its staff 7 female field monitors, 4 female programme assistants a n d s e n i o r p ro g r a m m e assistants, 3 logistics and administrative assistants, as well as 4 female Heads of Sub-office.

WFP also benefited from the help of many interns and volunteers, hired within the United Nations Volunteers (UNV) framework, or sponsored by external partners and foundations such as the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), the Australian Youth Ambassadors for Development (AYAD) programme, the United Nations Association in Canada (UNA-Canada), RedR Australia and WFP corporate partner Unilever.

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Contributions 2008 (US$)Donor Contribution

SchOOL FEEdInG 10078.1

GERMANY 972LUXEMBOURG 1,474,927SAP (Germany) 114,112US Friends of WFP 24,000USA 6,025,100

Total directed contributions 7,639,111

DENMARK 949,213 FINLAND 619,746 ITALY 136,130 SAUDI ARABIA 319,812

Total Multilateral Allocations 2,024,901Total 9,664,012

Donor Contribution

LIvELIhOOdS SuPPORT 10306.0

LUXEMBOURG 294,985

Total directed contributions 294,985

DENMARK 760,324 ITALY 4,263 THE NETHERLANDS 6,888 NEW ZEALAND 1,379 SAUDI ARABIA 792,313 SWEDEN 7,188

Total Multilateral Allocations 1,572,356Total 1,867,341

Donor Contribution

PROTRAcTEd RELIEF And REcOvERy OPERATIOn 10566.0

AUSTRALIA 1,152,048CERF 1,000,000CHINA 500,000Community Chest of Korea (CCK) 10,348EUROPEAN COMMISSION 269,541GERMANY 1,102,650Japan Association for the UN WFP (JAWFP) 93,458RedR (Australia) 84,606USA 273,200


IRELAND 749,303 NETHERLANDS 863,481 SAUDI ARABIA 239,326

Total Multilateral Allocations 1,852,110 Total 6,337,961

TOTAL ALL PROJEcTS 17,869,314

Annexes

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SCHOOL FEEDING LIVELIHOODS SUPPORT

Saudi Arabia 4%

Australia 18%

China 8%

EuropeanCommission 4%

Germany 17%

Red R 1%

jAWFP 1%CCK <1%

USA 4%

CERF 16%The Netherlands 14%

Ireland 12%

Denmark 41%

Luxembourg 16%

The Netherlands <1%

Sweden <1%

Italy <1%

New Zealand <1%

SaudiArabia 43%

USA 62% Italy 2%

Finland 7%

Denmark 10%

Saudi Arabia 3%

Germany <1%

Luxembourg 15%

SAP (Germany) 1%

US Friends of WFP <1%

School Feeding 2005-200810078.0

Donor Contribution

dIREcTEd cOnTRIBuTIOnS

AUSTRALIA 2,362,698GERMANY 972LUXEMBOURG 1,474,927USA 6,025,100


PRIvATE SEcTOR dOnATIOnS

Japan Association for the UN WFP (JAWFP) 114,736SAP (Germany) 114,112TPG N.V. (The Netherlands) 79,576US Friends of WFP 24,000WFP Private Donors 27,680

Total Private Sector donations 306,104

MuLTILATERAL ALLOcATIOnS

DENMARK 1,719,756FINLAND 1,193,231GERMANY 2,249,193ITALY 149,497JAPAN 2,030,316NEW ZEALAND 297,567NORWAY 2,527,890SAUDI ARABIA 319,812

Total Multilateral Allocations 10,487,263

OvERALL TOTAL 20,657,064

Livelihoods Support 2004-2008 10306.0

Donor Contribution

dIREcTEd cOnTRIBuTIOnSJAPAN 1,401,873LUXEMBOURG 1,269,214


MuLTILATERAL ALLOcATIOnSDENMARK 987,222GERMANY 525,914ITALY 4,263JAPAN 503,016NETHERLANDS 6,888NEW ZEALAND 1,379NORWAY 954,548SAUDI ARABIA 792,313SWEDEN 7,188



Protracted Relief and Recovery Operation 2007-2008

10566.0Donor Contribution

dIREcTEd cOnTRIBuTIOnS

AUSTRALIA 1,152,048CERF 1,000,000CHINA 500,000EUROPEAN COMMISSION 269,541GERMANY 1,783,849REPUBLIC OF KOREA 100,000USA 273,200


PRIvATE SEcTOR dOnATIOnSCommunity Chest of Korea (CCK) 18,980Japan Association for the UN WFP (JAWFP) 93,458Laos Private 12,759Red R (Australia) 84,606YUM Brands Inc. 273,200

Total Private Sector donations 483,003

MuLTILATERAL ALLOcATIOnSDENMARK 384,510IRELAND 1,094,728NETHERLANDS 1,461,894NORWAY 506,104SAUDI ARABIA 239,326SWEDEN 37,450



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Total Contributions (US$)

Australia 12%

China 5%European Commission 3%

Germany 19%

Republic ofKorea 1%

CERF 11%

Denmark 4%

USA 3%

Ireland 12% The Netherlands 16%

Norway 5%

Saudi Arabia 3%

Sweden <1%

CCK <1%

jAWFP 1%

Laos Private 1%

Red R 1%

YUM Brands Inc. 3%

Germany 8%

Denmark 15%

Italy <1%

Japan 8%

The Netherlands <1%

New Zealand <1%

Norway 15%Saudi Arabia 12%Sweden <1%

Luxembourg 20%

Japan 22%

LIVELIHOODS SUPPORT

Japan 10%

New Zealand 1%

Norway 12%

Saudi Arabia 2%

SAP 1%

jAWFP 1%

TPG N.V. <1%

US Friends of WFP <1%

WFP Private Donors <1%

Australia 11%

Germany <1%

Luxembourg 7%

Italy 1%

Germany 11%

Finland 6%

Denmark 8%

USA 29%

SCHOOL FEEDING

Province/district SF LS PRRO

PHONGSALY Phongsaly x May x Khoua x xSamphanh x xBounneua x Ngod Ou x xBountay x x

LUANGNAMTHA Namtha x xSing x x xLong x x xViengphouka x xNalae x x

OUDOMxAY Xay x x xLa x x xNamor x xNga x x Beng x x Houn x x Pakbeng x

bOKEOHuayxay / Huaixai xTonpheung xMeung x xPah Oudom xPaktha x x

LUANGPRAbANG Luangprabang xPak ou xNgoy xPak xeng xPhonexay x xChomphet xViengkham x

HUAPHANH Xiengkhor xViengxay xHouameuang xXamtai xSopbao xAdd xSayabouly Sayabouly x

Province/district SF LS PRRO

xIENGKHUANG Pek xKham xNonghet xKhoun xThathom x Morkmay x

VIENTIANE Saisomboun xKasy xVangvieng xHom x

VIENTIANE CAPITAL Sangthong xBolikhamxay Paksane xPakkading xThaphabath x

KHAMMUANE Mahaxay xNongbok xHinboun xNgommalath xBourlapha xSebangfai x

SAVANNAKHET Atsaphon xSepone xNong xVilabouly x

SARAVANE Ta-oy xToumlan xSamouay x

SEKONG Lamarm xKaleum xDarkcheung x

ATTAPEU Saysetha x Sanamxay xSanxay x xPhouvong x x

CHAMPASACK Sanasomboon xBachiangchaleunsook x

2008 Project locations by Province and District

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List of Abbreviations:ABEL: Access to Basic Education in LaosACF: Action Contre La Faim/Action Against HungerAIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeAusAID: Australian Agency for International DevelopmentAYAD: Australian Youth Ambassadors for Development CARE: Cooperative for Assistance and Relief EverywhereCCK: Community Chest of KoreaCESVI: Cooperazione e Sviluppo OnlusCFSVA: Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability AnalysisCSB: Corn-soya blendDAAD: Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst/German Academic Exchange ServiceECHO: European Commission Humanitarian Aid DepartmentESDF: Education Sector Development FrameworkFAO: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsFFW: Food for WorkFSD: Fondation Suisse de Déminage/Swiss Foundation for Mine ActionGAA/DWHH: German Agro Action/Deutsche WelthungerhilfeGTZ: Gesellschaft für technische Zusammenarbeit/German Agency for Technical Co-operationHIV: Human Immunodeficiency VirusIFAD: International Fund for Agricultural DevelopmentJAWFP: Japan Association for the UN WFPLao PDR: Lao People’s Democratic RepublicLRC: Lao Red CrossLS: Livelihoods Support ProgrammeMAG: Mines Advisory GroupMLSW: Ministry of Labour and Social WelfareMOE: Ministry of EducationMSF: Médecins Sans Frontières/Doctors Without BordersNCA: Norwegian Church AidNGO: Non-governmental organisationOCISP: Oudomxay Community Initiatives Support ProjectPES: Provincial Education ServicePRRO: Protracted Relief and Recovery OperationRLIP: Rural Livelihood Improvement ProjectSF: School Feeding ProgrammeTACHIN: Thai-Australia Collaboration in HIV Nutrition UN: United NationsUNA: United Nations Association UNV: United Nations VolunteersUNICEF: United Nations Children’s FundUSA: United States of AmericaUSDA: United States Department of AgricultureUXO: Unexploded ordnanceVECO: VredeseilandenWFP: World Food Programme

Photo credits:All photographs: WFP Lao PDR, except: page 26: Namchaythip Souvannavong; front cover, page 3, 8, 11, 12, 15, 17, 19, 27, 30:

WFP/Tiziana Zoccheddu; table of contents, page 4, 5 (Box): WFP/Kanae Hayashi; page 5, 22, 25, 31, 33: WFP/Cornelia Pätz; page 9-10, 13-14: WFP/Khamphay Onechaleunsouk; page 16: WFP/Khamkone Keolangsy; page 23, 24: WFP/Aachal Chand; page 26: Namchaythip Souvannavong

Base maps: Produced by WFP - VAM and PI units, Lao PDR 2008Design and Print: Pankham-Jampa Publishing, Vientiane, Lao PDR

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World Food ProgrammeLao PDR Country Office23 Singha Road, Xaysettha DistrictPO Box 3150, Vientiane, Lao PDRTel: +856 21 451004 Fax: +856 21 413273Email: [email protected]/countries/laos

world food programme lao pdr...luangprabang, huaphanh, vientiane province and khammuane) to start...

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