WoodworkingHand ToolsHarding High School

Mr. Pottkotter & Mr. Robinson

Layout, Measuring, and Checking Devices

Bench Rule

Description: A 12-inch or one foot rule. One side is divided into eighths, the other into sixteenths. A metric rule is divided into centimeters or millimeters.

Uses: -To make simple measurements.

-To adjust dividers.

Tape Rule

Uses: -To measure irregular as well as regular shapes.

-To make accurate inside measurements

Description: A flexible tape that slides into a metal case. Comes ina variety of lengths from 6’ to 100’ or 2 meters to 50 meters. The steel tape has a hook on the end and adjusts to true zero.

Try Square

Uses: -To test a surface for levelness.-To check adjacent surfaces for squareness-To make lines across the face of edge of stock

Description: A squaring, measuring, and testing tool with a metal blade and a wood or metal handle.

Combination Square

Uses: -To test a level or plumb surface-To check squareness-either inside or outside-To mark and test a 45-degree miter-To gauge-mark a line with a pencil

Description: Consists of a blade and handle. The blade slides along in the handle or head. There is a level and a scriber in the handle

Sliding T Bevel

Uses: -To measure a transfer an angle between 0-180 degrees.-To check or test a miter cut.

Description: A blade that can be set at any angle to the handle. Set with a framing square or protractor.

Dividers

Uses: -To lay out an arc or circle.-To step off measurements.-To divide distances along a straight line.

Description: A tool with two metal legs. One metal leg can be removed and replaced with a pencil. To set the dividers, hold both points on the measuring lines of the rule.

Framing or Rafter Square

Uses: -To check for squareness.-To make a line across a board.-To lay out rafters and stairs.

Description: A large steel square consisting of a blade, or body, and a tongue.

Carpenter’s Level

Uses: -To check whether a surface is level or plumb.

Description: A wood, metal, or plastic frame with several glass leveling vials. Some levels measure electronically instead.

Marking Gauge

Uses: -To mark a line parallel to the grain of wood.

Description: A wood or metal tool consisting of a beam, head, and point.

Scratch Awl

Uses: -To locate a point of measurement.-To scribe a line accurately

Description: A pointed metal tool with a handle

Sawing Tools

These tools are used to cut stock to the correct length and width. They are also used to cut stock to irregular shapes.

Back Saw

Uses: -To make fine cuts for joinery.-To use in a miter box

Description: A fine-tooth crosscut saw with a heavy metal band across the back to strengthen the thin blade.

Hand Saw

Uses: -To cut with or across the grain

Description: A hand saw in lengths from 20” to 26” with 4 to 12 points per inch. 10 points is good for crosscutting and 5 ½ points is good for ripping.

Compass Saw

Uses: -To cut gentle curves.-To cut inside curves

Description: A 12” or 14” taper blade saw.

Coping Saw

Uses: -To cut curves-To shape the ends of molding for joints-For scroll work

Description: A U-shaped saw frame permitting 4-5/8” or 6-1/2” deep cuts. Uses standard 6-1/2” pin-end blades.

Miter Box Saw

Uses: -Used in a homemade or commercial miter box for cutting miters or square ends.

Description: A longer back saw 24”-28”

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Edge-Cutting Tools

Plane

Uses: -Shorter planes for general use and smaller work.-Longer planes are ideal for rough surface where chip should be coarse. Also used to obtain a smooth flat surface.

Description: A tool measuring between 7” and 15”.

Wood Chisels

Uses: -To trim and shape wood.

Description: A set usually includes blade widths from 1/8”-2”.

Utility Knife

Uses: -To cut and trim wood, veneer, hardwood, and particleboard.-To make accurate layouts.

Description: An all-purpose knife with retractable blade.

Fastening and Assembly Tools

Vise

Uses: -Holds work for sawing, planing, sanding, and many other jobs.

Description: A metal vise has replaceable faces to protect wood. Larger vises attach permanently to work bench. Others clamp to table or counter

Claw Hammer

Uses: -For driving or removing nails.

Description: Has curved claw. Heads weigh from 5 to 20 ounces. Face may be flat, bell, or checkered. Handle may be of wood, steel, or fiberglass.

Rip Claw Hammer

Uses: -For prying apart pieces that have been nailed together.

Description: Has wedge-shaped claw

Mallet

Uses: -Used for striking blows where steel hammers would mar or damage the surface.

Description: Has heads with two striking surfaces, often made of wood, rubber, or plastic.

Ripping Bars

Uses: -For pulling large nails and for removing old materials during renovation.

Description: Available in lengths up to 8’. Three-foot bar is suited for general use.

Nail Set

Uses: -For driving nails below the surface on interior trim. Nail holes can then be filled.

Description: Concave tip will not slip from nail head. Tip diameter from 1/32” to 5/32”

Screw Drivers

Uses: -Select head width that most closely fits screw slot.

Description: For slotted and Phillips head screws. Standard slotted head widens from tip to shank. Cabinet slotted head is a uniform width to reach recessed screws.

Stapler Gun

Uses: -For attaching ceiling tile, isulation, scree, and other soft or thin materials.

Description: Heavy-duty models drive up to 9/16” staples with spring-driven plungers. Some require use of hammer or mallet.

Drilling and Boring Tools

Auger Bit

Uses: -To bore hole ¼” or larger.-Single twist bit is better for boring deep holes.

Description: May be either single-twist or double-twist bit.

Brace

Uses: -To hold and operate bits.

Description: Two common types-the plain for a full swing, and the ratchet for close corners.