win unab d*dyti Dp^DDipn $fiw-i2 aim

ma* >a^

nmmv "rnax-nwi" TV 5v tvw>n n>wd mrp npy ,-msDn ninin nmnm nvnnnn puyz pivot? jvtyn vovon no ri^on o

n>m>vn !?p ,nwnn nopn on yoxn myim rv .d>5u?io ;>w .n>ni&on ntep t>yi nmoy on >p,nmn

bnsmi oohdw ,D>^n>i ib>N-n aim mriDi inn-poo nnai onrm nN ,pia pnN ooiwn ,p>byn oawnn-ma n>w:i ana ,1997

:on<an

ion Kin .ninn nvnb bin ib>n-m aim ,bm\>>>i nii>sn nn>>i omn pi npiny mo>bia npibnn qpwn Nin .>mnn win nvnb umi mwn ovi nynnn wain by npibnn in it pn .ombmb npibnn it ;bmw>i mnni m >om by nwp npibnn np>yi it .ib>n-ni it ;moipim mnni in nnin> mnni bmw bw n>aiN by nipm

mi bw innab nbabam it npibnn .o>bwiT bw n?aiN bv mn npibnn s":a] ."nvmnnni m>o>bian nmiNsm <pn ni yninb irby .oawnn

TO 'nNI llin HN>b ,96/5434 S"Sa ,96/5090 S^l ,96/5025 ,96/5016 .[9 'ny ,1997 ,o>bwin> ,(|nn poa :]bnb) 'nNi mnnnn nw

lb>N-ni 11m n\>na bw nmnnann nN pii oaiwn <ip>w m mom oawnn-mi yvoi mnnann ,nwp-mipm nw miN on >b inbon -

:mnn bv o>bapnn ovnw onnnb - ivbyn

by npibnm mnann o ,p>byn oawnn no Nn>? ivo nn ino by on vipn nwN ,nyianb man mN >nbwiv nnn nyoan mo

bw ninn nNT i>snb -ps bbn ONn ?monpim mnn in nmm mnn

Jewish Political Studies Review 12:3-4 (Fall 2000)

51

mm w 52

ynanb oawQn n>a by n ,p>byn oawan n>a nao ynn ?"ik-ik" m m ,p by m> ?"ni>manni nin^bion rnninsm <pn" i? nmm nan ,D>burn> bw n>nyn n"DiK by npibno w>w ,ona*rn wim bw n?DiN riH yapnw it mm miaa nyiann nunpy by nymnn ,mv unra bw n"Dia nn iyap> inn aima ny>oan mo nan ?vyn

?o>bwiY >aba mnbwnnn nvannnn ,bwnb

wnyn ypin :|b>N-ia urn n\>riD

mva nwpn yown nn ^pwan aim nvnb ibm-m aim *pn -pwnnn imm> aim ny w - iana bsw /nw aim *pn *p* ,ninw ,aimb -jan ?ywa p-bn mm aimb poaib'p >3wa - iniN ain 11am cm >ryau> aimb ?nbiya Dtniann >b*nw>n aimn ,naiaa jan -p* ?"n>:msn nosin"b bno anna >ryai ">bhnw>n nrvninn" bno

,aimb ion "p* ?u?vp nvww by Dm nyib iwn ,aimb ?"bN"iw> nsin wm" irmab nain in >n>n nvaybw

nipibnnb wanw >maiyn ypm tin upon ,miarn nwb ,nbmn :|b>N-ia aima nmawa nynan i?3ya

nimawb i>bini& is aim ibwna aim n>n tpmn nww nnnbn iy mwwn maw >nbwn bnn .mbwir nin irmnn pa ,nmia:sn biaan minb miss nimn-nb nmim niainw mai ,miD2 trbwir namnn .iiyi aw mm ,apy> nia ,ntdw nyaa ,biawn nm ,naDi nibya :aim nnaiy inmw ,naio aimb ion n>ns>pn n?oibaiNn bw >ais>pn aimn

.nmun nvtnbaw nnsynni nbxi aimn nia>aoa nmnn n'oibainn ,nyn nmna bnn ^n ,onin-Nb opbn ,w>n <jbN nnwya 1967 iy la imw nm /mo ,ninbw nuiaw .nmn nbiaa nan fmi 100,000-a ova ia n^nw inab ib>DNi D?mroD ,niant? niD>a >wain ]na 11a i^ny naw ti^ibwa >aobw .n?awb iniH nsin ]bm-ia aimw ,^ainm nm iiT>Hb iaan - o?aib>n

iHipw ,aimn nia^aoa tinan nnm bw niaiwni nmia niaaon nbnan npiwnn ,nbiH .1988 mm riy ibnn ,nmawa nyianb vmab n^y?5-m mnv by nobnn inab nnmn bsa nmiynn ,iao? aimnw >a inrnb wa .yiaa inuaon mn nip>a nya 1991 >ava aimn bw rai n>n>yn win nsbona baiw> mown n> by nbapnn nvaon nubnn

.pbip no una a"nn .nvnipnn mnwib nn>na yian baa iaiya 1993 >nbwa m>nan .n>bwn> n>n>y mi nainab maai pbip no m tmn oinbin iia>sa m>bin ,Dninn niata oyaa-nb n>panb inaaw ,oiDbia bw ,>m-abn iia>sn ,>awn isn p .wmn m^ob maaio n^?3>s mnn nnn nmnn bw nnia >a wn ,bnow niabQQ tiy nrnmn na^sn ip^yai .Dnnsiyb n^oinb nbiby wmn nvm ni ,nn nby nirnan |nin

wni po ,ib>n am :obian) n>mn D^ynan bw in nvais>p nviaoann

53 mm n/iD1? Dvi7i vp^Diipn .-frm-m mm

pun ,n?nya s'ln ann :v>bian) omibm nnmm bw ini (n?nyn .nbiai nabn iwn ,yt>wn nmnb ai jnw lamm ,(>bnmip>

niainm) ibw-ia ainia nwawa nyimn nbaw nn pnab na .mmw iryba niwma nnian* myi 1994 nawa n?i>yn nnam ,(n>Dtaia nb>ann niywa ibw-ia aim nnata by 29.9.95 nio ns>bnn mynn .(153-151 'ny ,"mns myi" n"na nmsn mmw myi nisbnn) .iaba by biia ana ibn nisbnn isnw ,1995 lampwa 30-a /pyb wnn nn? aim tin maob nmn nisbnnn :wmnb >ma m>bwm mm nsyin n> nyianb nma aimn jih nmawn *jn ,naw baa nrnia niywb ibw-ia ,nnmn >a>sa ba bbia ,nnan 20 lyosn mm nsyina .nawn an ,nawa nym nww .to lyosn s'ln nym >a>sa nw pi .msbnn pirn iya d^io) .iyana ,miayn nyian n>-by nannaw nn>wm ,"nnN n>bwm" -154 'ny ,"mns myi" n"n :im na>w> nmna mm nsyin nmbnn by

.(156 oabN aim ,nyn nsyin nobnn nna wnna ,1994 lanaia mbwa iw m my iwmaw ,miannn nwna nnaynn by >siNn nponn ,iaab ana mn .nba nisbnn iwab ,nnayn nabann ita>p bmw> nnannn pny ibw-ia ainia nan nnannn nwn" :\nnbiN iinN n?nyn wmb ibi) "ninawa nyianb nr ns bw mnata nym by nby> Nb...>wm nyian .(s.s

- >bw nwamn .12 'ny ,pm ptao) .(naw baa mma mywb m pn" n yiapb n>bwm n?ny bw mawnn yyim m wan nr anan na bmw> nyinai nmawa nyianb matab nbia> n>bwm n?ny nsyin

.(13 'ny ,pm poa) ."ibw-ia aim am nanna nnman nna .noaab nvbba nnma mya 1996 nma niinn nvaa ba>p mm iwn .nnannn iw nainab b'^TDnnn nb pns> ,ib qiDan i>pon by ynb mn .amm nn naob nmm nnmn nuwai iw ni>ya ,1:0b v>>bnn 10.7.96 nva .mmy nn nuwb ,nab oabK bw limn noipnb nb>onn mywa ibm-ia ami n? naob ,nnannn

.n>wnn nyaiN m>bm pmn noipnb amm nn iiaob nnannn nwn bw mobnn nniN in^b nnnH nm> iwam iwh ,s"nb n>nibm bw nnmy wibw :noaa-nan nw bw n>mwi ,ann iiN>b ,i>yn awm bw nnn mobnn amm nmo n iyt> ora a"nn .(s"m) inw mm (miayn) orD i>dik .(14 'ny ,pm poo) .n"p nywna na n>mt? nawa n>yt>ub nnm no^pyn n ,?sna 'mns myi' nyon nnyb mninw nnnn mpnaa) ninmanb mnw 50 bw ninnm in nym inT nooin aaia ^piyb nmu nniym ]y\) inw mi> a"nn .(166 'ny ,"mns myi" n"n) (mpi 1.55 bw Km ni nitKn nviara nyaio amm nmt> n yap am .miv n>p?nn ."iitHa ninn iia>sn bw mawmi nntmn nviyionnn ynba nbapna" nrnaa ,mn>bKb naamn n>snmnb [inn] mwn" nobnna w> ,inayob

.(15-14 'ny ,pm-pt?D) ."'iaa n>bm ba' maw ,n>n>a is s"n ina inmiapyai 18.7.96-a iwam nnmyn baa minv niywb nmo na ibi ,nyianb w>aan t\h naob 111a pina

maw

mm vx 54

nnaan bw cyan ,nDtna nvny s"aab nwam n?a>an is inab n"t?baian ba n ,iayo omnn .ninna mm na>sn nmar nimwb nuannb amia wm>wn >di ,iaba nnim nmi am amm n>s >awn ."ma>at?ai mmi nnaanan n>tnbaiab baoa mba baob niaa" nmawa

npna aaaiya - "nms myva ia>wyw npnaa .(15 'ny ,pm poa) nayon bw pwam pbnn nmab >a aaasn - nma naana npipnn >a aaasn .naaiaw pnaa Dnin-aba n?m-ab n>awm paw oyna :p?nn

.nna i>-<p nayasab y>an aa>a amm nay >awa nawn >bbnn mtm nivao niaibn n>aibmn nnaabaiab >a ,nnmn aayo pb <)t?aa w>aaa yioab nm in>a ,imaa .naiaa nasna it nayo Da .nawa nyaanb nb'bo nna ,nam ,aaa) .napi mwn nma am 11 nyoan iwnw ipiy

(.mv mm miwn mapiyn n>w>aan asn ,"im pi" ,n>ai nayaaw iwm ,naw baa \aym )diw D?v>Dwnn n>aann nya

Da aaaiann ,b>apna .w>aan nrat> na ayanw ,onin bw nm>ba naaaon

paam aytaai ,nma w>aan na imwb na D?oao>bm n?aibm n>am nawinn naiimna nyaap nyn>b "pn w>aan .nmawa w>aaa Titni *pbn

.naw->asm baa .mnam nnaa>s naynwn nbapn n>yan n wn p>byn oawan rm rvam nyian yna>w ,Dn?Diw nwmn bw inim aam by obnm pna oaawn ,p>byn oawnn rm a>wa mym aamn warn .niimya

.(mi x)*w pinan pi) bvn pwn ,11a ,pab nn^aawn abbaa aamai ,pm

im-pm mab .1997 ooiaia n>waia nn>aana abnn d^ddiwh nwnn

,]Dn nasv nobnn bu >ns mm ooiwn iaa nvna bw ana m^nn isp na n>ant p>oonb :n>baiwm oownn nDiyna nnpn na iy nb nm abw n>ab pa maannn iwb ]n v>bDnw nnaa>s mvi d^pnba Dn>aan nvia ,yap bu >as ooiwn pi .navnyb on^nnb is>a ivbvn odwdh w >ai ,nwioa aivnnb ins ia>a p>bvn taownn n>a mvib >a ,div>o >oa) d>wim nmb nb>Dnn mvwa amm na naoba ntra mwyb

.(nb pns> iwn y^nnw >oaa d>b\>)ii> i>vn nsvm ns^nnw nmn nnia>sn mvimw ,uDwnn n>a van ibw d>^a>an nobnna -d?m >on>a niDpwnni navm inan na" iapw> nnan 01 ,nanan <poa ,d?vnwa nna .(19 ;nv ,pm poo) .;,nb nsmni d>bwam d^aibm

.nnia^sn mvnn na miannn iw nam ,1997 uoaaia d>w>a .d>ann d?wpi naai nmiaabnn nna vapa mvnn aam ]n>a>a .maiw manm mvim nawai na dqsv by bm>b iai>o d>ai ;iia>sn naaaano mo ;niawpnn >vsnan wwn nna mmb >aiaw naa>d

.iaw>a-ia aan d>mib d?aibm ]>a yown >a nama-^a mubnn na .niyim warn imyb mwpan na mi n>w>a bw maw nar mba>p .n>ai n>oao>n mab nbapna mvim mwai na >by bapb

55 mm n/iD1? ovrn vp^Diipn :fi*x-nn mm

yiapny m K*m Kb ok ,nm> ivbyn oa\>mn no o fmy3DwuD pn >by myi" n"m mm mynn bw mmn im) .ornmm omb *ip wmi

.(8 'oy ,"nm>* innW 2 ,n?01Kb-D?m 2 :0>DOU O'W'K 6 myilb 1310 bOpM "nmnn my'*? i?wn mm mK mnon ,omibmnmm?:nbm omub >m-Kb" mm mm nnbmn nmnn) bmw> mnn bw rmvp nK bbiwi o"m onam nnmw ,nnm 8 nn mynb uddh bm p> .("mbmmbi :niKYin n>bnpnn onam imn mam nwn ,mn nysb m?m-Kb msm

."*"i?->bvtt n*ym"n nn "mm-'bna n*ym"n nr - mv omnn omwn mvm omi^pn w> m <pbnnb mmn\>n >wm in o jyo Km .nwDK mbn inn o mnnnn iw n> by >b mm iwn nmn ,mwpi >d by mnnnu nabnnb mam s'ln >wm im omnn o mint? .(mw nK >mbym onpn mnrn iwk) qtm nm mrynb p*b

mm p omK ,>pbn pwa mnab /nynn .nbiya mv ^nw> mn mm :ii mm pi ,mynn by mbomn nmn>mn nK mm nm in poa

nmon nKnmn k>n...[ib>k-in aim bw] nnni boob nnmn pm nmon mnwn nmnnb ymn bDi [ymn bDi] oniwn mnm >pbn pi N>n .omm nnbmoi nnbno by noonn ,onmn ynon ,Knn it o>b\>mn nmibDmn mnnb toki mm mnK noon by oonnn limb \>>> m nbKwi ik ipnnn Kb k>n .nnmnonn om nb nsinm

mmmn npmmn m pioyn KbK ,nm>n nyimb ib>k-m mm tik

minnpn onm o>b\>mo o?m-o?:nbm mm by nnyownm nnosn o?m pn] omm nnonb mmnn nmK wmb nmn mynn mon mn\>n >t by ibpw? mynn bw nmi^ban .pyb nKim imyi [omibmi mnb ,minnn n>nyn ribbon pivino winni pawnn mpb^i ,pobwn

.(19-18 'ny ,inn poo) mnwn ibw-n mm bw imnob iwki imnnn

mimK im oownn no >d by iwk - mynn by ibomw nm>wnn - nobnm map>ni onmn mbn mny mynm ,o?w*Tin im y^annb

rmnwoK mbn nm>wn im

.yiKn ban O'bwno o>mbmi o>m"t 10 nmim-nmK wmb

npmann nK pnnbi o>bwiio n?oibDmn mm nK nmb myi nno^n nmmnn

.yiKn bDii o>bwiio o>wod nmob o>nnpy onion y^nb

ibm-m nmi munnn imyb nwKi my^n y>^nb

o>bbn mrnmo n> by imi>p nvyn nK nnob imKo lym miyinw idoo im ombnmi

56

rmnm bu) nrmny mo

,ia>by ibomw mbonn yism - >pbn jaiKn Da ibi - mbsnb nn

.niyim miny mo m nom pnnb ia>by nm pbn ny minim bw piy ynKnn nnnn nnm nmonn win>a nnKbn oy minim bw nnwDK bn pK >n ,iaKsn iKn inn .mynn nnnn >ysnK bnb pumm mm in bnn inKi im iwk ,marpn mnn

nnbn mK ism nann nam >aK .poi>p inn Km niyim" rnnwpnn m> bnn ."miK i?ayn Kb iKwn bn .nmnwn nyianb ib>K-in urn nnnyn nK iamb nn maiw mnnn doit worn niyim bw omnn

.ia>by nbomw nbbinn nnwannn mKmn nw nwiy Kin >n lab innon iKn inn >n ,iysn ympb >by ,tam>mm mmbmn maimyn mKn mmwnn mnnnn inn dv inn iniH nm ,mmyb mibna mmimv nnninn lanbiya nK npn? iwk

mKbi - monn mm nbmn .maiabo ib mnb mainn iinn ksv nm nKian .mnani ms-in nnnb manm ,nban nw nwy nnnK mm

.imiion >ab wn - nbiyan <pnn>>n imnm nmaww

-mmm >au>n mi >awn ninn in m nna aaynw imn Kb ,p by im tmn yman bnan nbn ymn m obsK iaKsn Kb mm tanpnn .mmiKb Kmm mmbi niwai minim bw niannab yanb nn mi mnm w>Kn

mnK bw mn inn *pnn nnny>n inn lynn mmiKb-mmm mm >awn ninn ,bwnb ,p nmi nmt> by tnnai ninn nn>sn nKipb iba n ,niynn bw naiwwm mmno imw) nawn-mwwi >an naipn bnn miyinm nmnwn ib>k-in nnnn nwya >n nnm ny^nnn .(niyim bw nmany nbmn m>b ikq -mm bw mnmn Kbib .uvm nimn bn Kbbi man bn Kbb - nmnb nK mmb n^aibmn >awbi n>mimnn >awb y?o iwk ,>awn >mKbn onwb yinpb n>biby ia?n naiwKin nn>wn inn >n pao >b ]>k ,nysnn

.niyim bu> nbiia bn nK ^nbw nK iawn>a n^aiWKin nunyn >n> *pmi pwKin pnn nKipb

: niyim bu> n^ain .]bm-in nmi nm> in piaw timKn Kwian >n laynp ,n^Ki

n^aibm ]>n mnup mminn-manK bw nnioomn nK lapm ,ma\>> mKb .mwbn nanK by mnonb n>bsa Kb >n naponb layam ,n?mb yiKn omwnn nmnmn mK ,1111 bKptn^ 'dud ny minK nmsy^nn ^on^b nsym ,i"n^ myin nnpn bw p^ym nK iawn>a ,nannn ymb

.nwpinnn nanKn nK ok-ok nann iwk ,t3^m-ti^aibm nvao nm mb nbiym yiKn nmnpn imbb laobnn ,n>w>bw >nab) .omnm ]m n>Kp>o>biai n>oma>K >byn in miyb inrbi d'wmn ,imKn pK inbT iwn pis nnn iy ia>Ki nya-Kb >n p>sb >by ,"t3mnin"n

.(nyn^nw "nim'l mnis-in bw "mn" w> "mmnin" bnn >n bw nimy Kwian ipnnnbi lamn bn nK mnab laobnn ,mym ,nmaim tn^yispn nny intb naiwKii WKin iann>o .n>bwn>

57 mm ims1? own up^Mipn .-fim-in mi

nya n>aabaannan ,o>aibanma ,o>a"iaiN>a ,nmnnn-mnm fn>aiDnn maaiw m*n ninam nnman m imbba

mtnaa nyn nmm o ,nynb >by o>b\>m> by onman nwaaD o?aabm >abn by nwina omm n>m onma nmwpnn >yamai aaaw wn* o ,aab nmtm myam bw nmaiy ibnnn .i>yn na nonyn bbo) mba D>Kin latm nni aamu ryn nnannn oatan na yrp omnan n pa o na*m aaNam .(omyn -aatan nab n>ama nym by rromwa nnn&n mtm oa ,o>b\>>aT bw naam mmy t\k ta'pnnn

/mm bw nm>->aanm nmyn n?ain Dis>y

D^nDn mnrt omonn i^ayn mysnn ?nan

bDi on>>ODn ni>ata mo m>?ai nowmn o>aan aan?p ,aa\>maa>> >aD

,nam\>>i nrata nionb naysn awiaa nnn bw oaatai .yi*m >nm omabapn) n?m mmv omyona nvm naimn conn omoa onrymi namwn nyiw ny*r by anDtnn abn nayam o wmnb nawn .(Domini by nmnm nam on o ,w>nn myaii omin o dn ,myam nnn maynn ,"ban 010 nbaarn noaa) miwi nyma iwanaw ,ni^bnn

.(aaaayni naa*mnb yaaaw ,oon b^H Tim yn :niniaop nm >a by ynni o>woDn >am bD aann nayamn >a by -pi Tm (d>aita >a\>m) rvpmy tvt ,(onata >a\>m) natann ttt ,nmapn

my /trm* mya" n"n) nanna nvaoia nayam aaysn tvt bDb .jvjitv .(30-27

ibn ,naaa\>> namibDin ma* bw npipnn npnn innb aana nayamn >a by ma> oa> onpuD oman nanayn abaa ,o>woDn 72b namaannn naaaDwia inv omawa onpm pi ,namapnn nmwm nayiDn aany^n

tanpni mawin naeym nnnn tiriN 60 bw >bnnm 1111 ,nmaman nmDbnnn nmiynn nawm nmipnn nawnn nai>m *im> onDmn

.inawoi ymnb myiy bw mpQ bDi par^ ,yaip ray-iaa ta^pnb aaya^n nipn bDi nobnn-nm an nobnrm nyaaa no^y wmnw ,t3>rntH n^aip bw ni>a?3 by yip? iwh ,t?iQHi oaaw nam> ̂ aan wmi n aa^bon .wud niw by

.p^byn oawQn no mwa n> iwq aawpoa ,n>aoa\2m ny na^y^mn mnb aaia naomann naya^nn

.noaDn iawmb inonb nmnnnn mam iy id wv Nb ,thd aanow niannnn nw ,rm aaiy^b

.mmy nab^wna n^bwai> bw n^aan nabnwi apoy niyam >aan iai -^byi ,nmnm nnwy ny aawaaa ;om n^maaabi nontan aamp

mm 58

,bwnb) mmap nnya noa by iamb ;D?Np>o>baaa mmm ,ompDri nawn maaon tin npiaw >awa oaawn mwana mwnnn mawn myi mbaaaa npoyw mywnn maw mw*no ">pomap myi" in ,o>bwima p>aya np>oon ,bwnb) d^\dit bw na?aya pi >poa ia*np ;(mbwam -mb'ba onno rmpn by npnaan in 'am'a ibnn aima nawa nyoan annnw m>o ,bwob) mbwam bw maaw o>pbna aai?o ;(mbwama raw ivo imai .[ooyaw mm] nnbw-mm nwmn naaawa lanan pbn too nnn mapb omm o?m o>biD> o>o?aoo d?>wa onama >a Yiann loo-by ,paoaa

- nbN ba -joo by .(onna noayb mnon mamoa /mmysn tin aaoo>a - joy hi aanNO mm im baw moipaon nnoyn

mbip nyaw bw ana noDon bbaa - Dm owwaaa noaonb aayan vend mwyb w>" :0>bwn> ]?ayn mmon nobnnn mo>a by - inn iaa pa mana dvd o?pn maioin ppan bya myn bw naam by mowb ,mnr mo>a nr .(23 'oy ,"moa? myi" n"n) ."maawn rmoabaiNn mo

pa>a ria nawn iwn ,ma>opN mnbwoo rmano mnn ab oh >a yaapn na mawb ryn nbiby ,o>bwiv bw mnaian mDiaiom nmnriDnn >aiNn na>w >a laoaon laan .nnna maw iin maian >avs-nimn n?aiN nvbaba nvya ;o>bwimo onim mpmnn bw ma mo maab biby .rya o?mo o?avs nnoio bw omyo by ovni ;mwp nvmam

mn >d ,bipionab Nbi ,n*a->ama ion myna omnn omsan inn ib'dn .pm-m bmaa mm mbwim bw nbmaw nsn law

bw on>ntn o>mo>ab onpnb m>oanna >b nn>n myiin whid pwbn onn oma m mno>a ow .>bwo inv im >wm mo>a myim noaon iwom oh" :minnnn nwb mim .o^ao mwb nyonwo namw

mnvo n?anb naiyvn d'bwivn mwinn manwn an n>obw mNana maiaw oa na?nnw pb ia>bv nb ohi ,mnn ma>sb moaiom rmmyo manw bbn) o^oinb-o^mi o?rmoo ,o?aib>nb omw i>yn ,(naya o>bwim |na nanannw >Da ,ibbn moibawn >aio nwibwb yn >a nnwDHn >aoo >mnm /inyn miann rmrn< n? nanb nbiby o>biby mawm am ,naw >avsn ann tin mnb i>yn nbiby nnna o>aw ,nwp nmaim nnnn vaoa maam .omn ,bnanb omy nvnb rn> ,nvanoa na>w bm> Kb oa mobi ,om o>mn>a inab iayan n>ba - o^avs ab p>bm >sn ono ,o>awin 800,000 2010 mwa o>bwn>a d>nos naw nm?a .omy ,bnanb ,mnan mamnm omn on^no

.o?mab-o?mi o^mion ,d?aibm 300,000 pi i>ya miannb man nvaoia msbnn laoom myiin bw it nuain nsbonb o>bwn> mbiaaa wmo inb laysn nnn nna pi nana .o^aiw ominna mabwnn nn winn ipia> >a iawp>a ;(oyn ab pa o>poiy ,yn>a ,taoi) ,ain nysb ,nr awia) o>bwn> vny by noin-msa nwm i>y n?aa bw o>bnn yih manriD paan by lasbon ;(nnmn mama boio ab mma - onnm omn ,o>biy ,on>ys

- npptan n>obwn>n n^oabaaab

irm ,wnw-ma ,o>ona nbyn ,]iaa omw>a) mbwam bw >ao>baononn mwra na o>bwn>b raynba anan nnb nbwranb aasbnn ;(iiya n^by nn pmynb obtain nnoao nayba m>ab y^n o>byaon nbwnnn

59 imx n/iDi Dvi7i vp^DHpn .-frm-m mi

;(auN-bnb o>b\>mm mm narmonn o?nau) d>bwa*vb onab'yo o>woan naiyn nan>o paatb onnama ona>a oom>m naaonb aaafbnn nnb aasbnn ;(naann*m o>awa nan nwya n? Nwaaa) n>baa o>bwno ,aanan myaan nana) o'bwaio maain nbu bw nrntoiN omabmb nobnnn ,obaN maw nab'ba o>bwar pioNm nnmo by ,bwnb naw babma naaia tmn Nbw nmann nab>ya noob" nnm nbapnnw Tina yoan on nbawn nab naan >pabm nnaa myaaa ."nmmoa

.("nmmoa naw babm am ,aama yoan pi in ,pioNmn

urn i^jvn nufcnnn

bw naaainnn naywa ibw-na ana nyaann mo by pnb aayan >aab onna omn nnann nzaa bw b"anb nyma any) myam nab'yo >oaon n"nn mmna nnaonn onoan>yn-namn lyma yapaw lyann

rnbau p? on nnm nbuwna ,namnp nayw aba am .(maannn nwb maatbnnb ynnb

nN mob omaarpn omam >aw ao>a naaainnn naywn baa nyamb "mmn" npana ayan o?aabmn >aw .mwob ynnb nnwoan nyaanb jbw-ia aam bw nobnan nvao maaaa nnb nnmaw nnnn baa nanawa nnaan? maann nbyon nnm awmw mmnn manawa nbyon n>anpy abbw ,(tmza inn nna) o?maonn >aw m>bwiY om

.(yi*m baaa) o^bwam nanawa omaaaoiN nnaan* mamn by om aanw nmwa :aabaa by nby naappn mnn abwa .aamaam nm aa>aan nn b>wanb na yn*m ba nwy ,o>bwno ba na ypnpw ,aoiob nwp>w ,o?aon mown 'bmn' or omon

.aamaay .mnb mwio >am - nsoann myam

>awn Tib - onnnn myaan nan ba >b? aoioam napi noon mnb mbm m mbya .yana ainwa bapaonon mwam onrayn ba oa mmnn N*a n myana ,aaaana 'Ya^^^b na?nn nanaa>a? naabwn abm >maon

.oaom mwo noaa oy pi mnn p by oaomw ,pino o?mn onann im y>a?n naiN Nb pn nn^ nann" :myam nan aai owa maannn iwb ybnaw noaaa ,aabaa

mya naobnn na ynnb nnra ybnan mnn aawm nia^a naawnnn naywa onymaa nanawa nyaanb ibm-ia aim m laaoba maow ania^b o^nna >aabmn manm bw nai^a mon anoaa>w wana ,nb>onn

/'o?pn aap-oaooon maooa by aaian maamnn na^bnnn bw >awn pbnn nn nbmn i>naH ,byaoa /'nnaa^ maann" no>an by aaoaon nb n - "nn^a mon"

maann->aapa o>bwain na>aan monb pm ̂ naaaan n aayi^ aabaa aansbnna .maannn iw oy wmn n>-by oaao nr mon .wmn omaoan

-oaooon mona na^w pa paw pan -

"o>^pn aap-oaooon" nn aawam

mm >m 60

- nvam mnnn ;nnoa - mnawa moiaioia niiann omabi ,iip

.nmm

naob w> >a ,oniao im myim nan ba rpwain pbnb iwaa mwp>a .nar mba>p Kb >aa .mnawa nyianb ]b>a-ia mm na poibnb mmb p-ina pm ,nno\>> myi msbnn na maiwam mmawb ynab am msbnm miann ba na myaa>w mi bw iDioa .amm nmaoa

.nbapnnw rnmawa nyianb |b>a-ia mm bw nobnm nmao laa >pima ibai

ab mmbmb "nn?a nion" by msbnnn >a wwn myan ,mwai nmao a>an mmbmb mwba nunn abb n mwwn .mbpa nawnnnm

.mmbani biaomn niaanb amm om bapb mans m>a |b>a-ia mm imaa mnnn >a mayo ,maw >mbn uniD nny mysn dhw amm >a mmrn ,p by im .ommba by >a mwp>a .nin maaa ia ipita o>aw nm >aab piw /'mm id^id" ain

.mmba abb nana naipn yiaw mab pi ,nyianb iao? amm obmn an by iaD nmom nb>ann mywa nraon >a mayo ,mw>b\y ab iwa ,mobnn ]mab aiwb ia>by ni - o>bwima vyn nsym nan bw

.onia>sn >awa o?oao>bm nmo> im abib manwn im

iy pn>-van) bnan obiya mai noaa ma i>b >a myap ,mym baipo p ,p by im .nb>ann mywa mwm naob baipn (napom amia baipn nm pi (nyi a>aa-bna ,nama) yiaa mma mmpm

.mbwima 'an'a ibon mimn ,nva>oaioba omi nb'bob pnonb w> >a mma ,mwmn

.mv mmai inv - myim bw >bban mnab mm ,iansban by nmtmb layanw nna .yam ,maion nsbnnn moann nmw ,mmm ma ,ianynanb .layasm .biyan mna natnnw noian lya iy>asn nnnan nnann nw>nn ba

.ma yana ny 2 laa myn nan 5 bw ana ,aiDa ,iayian .ban 100b abw msy by mita pny |aa ?n>mamn mab yma nn n>pnb lanwpa na nmw ,nannn a>wa naian noia by p?nm mnb ab nnaw d?ap>mbiD niaian na Diob ab ;mtm nb nnbi i"n> nsym na na <p\>mb ab nann na iayt> ma>sai ,nm?mn nnai >w>a |Diaa >b by mtnb ab ;myna nnaiaa nnan n>-by mwmw nvyonn

miay nro ny nmwpnn^ysna nma lyowmw n>Dn>am n>no>an .myim

...nn?a nmn" labw aamnn noiaa irnaaw vn :ma awiaa pi ima mawb laiiann abw ib>aa naT iwi>di - "d?pn up mwon niaoaa 'oiio .]iaa ia>a nr wii>d .n>bwn>a nnia>sn niiannn awiaa iai >a yapi ,n"im nnoa nar iman ,niynn nann ma nmw ,i>aw iry>ba nmawb >aibmn na>sb nn>>a mo bw nnonn >aan"w man nn>n ['up oiooon oaon'] o^pn DDonn ia?ay ,o?pn np-oiooob oanna abi ,o>bwii>a o>yiap ompai nvama nuann laya nnwim i>Dbw

.np?nn inman ."mym>m mw nr >aanb ]>a ,p ab oaw .o?pn asnb

61 mm nmD1? owl vp^DHpn :frm-m mi

urn nvna nnpyi

>a >b nma mmpb bw nmw >bam nrbm ibw-na ami nwm .nvna nnaab *iayn Da nnaaa nmpbn

HDD apt>a> onam ina oa\>mn n>a in >a ^ny >a mmb ,nn>wi .n?rma n?m ,n?nmtm ,n?aabm pi nnnyn nmnm nabm>>a nanaw "dwn" bw nayian manrpbn-napmo n>poaa ,nya\m ,nnam oa\>m ma b^owMaya nwnan nmnm nnp*i an "<pt>" bw /'war" w

.ma> nnn naamn b*nwwaanmaa nannn nn&*n m>a ayapaw nawa nmannn mtm by ,b\>mb ,aawm nnna maann nman nba nnmn >ab .pnaa-p bw nbaxm myawna nma nmm mmaaaoiN miann mitw *jn

- nmawa nanm nmanna -non i\>mb baa* oowd n>a nrn* .yiNn->pbn iNwa mw? in

- nam nnmn nn aba onion ,wi nanyb ?nnt iwab nbaa> naaai arm ?ntaw by nnmon nrm onnaw on .nnnpan>nnan> nanna aana>p rinnan naapna laam o pawna ompab in ,aabw nmawn nmnian >pbn ba aaw aamn nNi ,nanna mwn nnnn nN om>ban on .n>bia>ba .aom aaawb aa>byw bna bba w> .pan-nnw Dam obayb nmabaiNn

wawnb aa>by ,nanaza warn nwn rana nann warn aaaana mN nwNa 1ND

naaspn ba tin pawna nmpabn nnyam mrmb mmb ,nnw nN o>bmao aaaana om?pn o?aaat>pn o ,>b nNia man ma> .aaaana

onpnn >a by .mbNiwm niana obnan an bw m'-oi'pn nnwaN ooyt nnyann bNiwu nnanm nnann bw obnann nan o ,nNia onaw ,aan?oabaaN bw nn>wvn nanob nnnwiawpn nann ,nban .m> na>nb

yam nmnon :aab naonawnn na>pn namwn nn nvo-nb nmnan aaa

,>amiann oavmn noban nbaa-baw naam>v ;nytn>m nnnabo ;abon n>wn nannn mitn aaiw naam ;aabw nannaevn-nbnn namon nnabn nn naa>^na nnpb aa^y mn>bH nnan nama nnan napwn nam am >a nmaT abN .aaana nnnnb pi a>wpnb Nba - nyn na - "oazn"n

.nyian ba bmab naatb in nanann naatb Hi ih ,naawnnnb ,l^a .naaan^y maann ina nmpm^aDn in mtmb mmb ,n>w^w :<ptnN pan baaa .mam Dn^Dna nn nmataan nnam ,am nya^b bbaa) pbiw mam>ya "Tao>-mwaaa ipwnn >Npm>baD naapann naanna nn nmbwn - omaaam nmaan naamn (i^>baD tarn inn aanw maan>y >by opan by nnai imynb na /mn pn n>pmi aaa ,aaba?H .vnnn baba nnmn bab n>a?wn nwaamyba nmpm>baob maaaa o ,wnmb

mmitn wonn aam .pbwo noao nana^^pn ,iai bw aoaoa o ,mmb ,n>y>ai n>m naw ,aabw nnm?n naa^nn naa ,pmn ntann ,niwon na

.nr ny nt nmotan namw ,n>ai na n>wan m>

mm m 62

n>na - nna .in* nvvb *nnW irbv :mmb ra?n Jinan umpon "hhd" n>mw nson pmrp

- nvm>pb in>>p:n nana Kb .mb nr itv

zianvp nvwia tin ,nb>bn /ljnyai