william terzaghi spring 2013 bio 369: plant physiology
TRANSCRIPT
William Terzaghi
Spring 2013
Bio 369: Plant Physiology
COURSE OVERVIEW1) Understanding how plants work.
Understanding how plants work.• Solar input = 1.3 kW/m2
Understanding how plants work.• Solar input = 1.3 kW/m2• 5% (max) can be stored in organics
Understanding how plants work.• Solar input = 1.3 kW/m2• 5% (65W/m2) can be stored• Humans consume ~ 100 W (360,000 J/hour)
Understanding how plants work.• Solar input = 1.3 kW/m2• 5% (65W/m2) can be stored• Humans consume ~ 100 W (360,000 J/hour)• Plants must have high surface area & low metabolism
Understanding how plants work.• Photosynthesis
Understanding how plants work.• Photosynthesis• Nutrition
Understanding how plants work.• Photosynthesis• Nutrition• Metabolism
Understanding how plants work.• Photosynthesis• Nutrition• Metabolism• Growth & development
COURSE OVERVIEW1) Understanding how plants work.2) Understanding how plant physiologists work.
• Method
COURSE OVERVIEW1) Understanding how plants work.2) Understanding how plant physiologists work.
• Method• Technology
Plan AStandard lecture course
Plan BStandard lecture course, except:
Plan BStandard lecture course, except:1.Last lectures will be chosen by you -> electives
Plan BStandard lecture course, except:1.Last lectures will be chosen by you -> electives2.Last 4 labs will be an independent research project
Plan BStandard lecture course, except:1.Last lectures will be chosen by you -> electives2.Last 4 labs will be an independent research project3.20% of grade will be “elective”• Paper• Talk• Research proposal• Poster
Plan BStandard lecture course, except:1.Last lectures will be chosen by you -> electives2.Last 4 labs will be an independent research project3.20% of grade will be “elective”• Paper• Talk• Research proposal• Poster• Exam
Plan B schedule- Spring 2013Date TOPIC
JAN 14 General Introduction16 plant structure I18 plant structure II 21 plants and water I23 plants and water II25 mineral nutrition I28 mineral nutrition II30 solute transport I
FEB 1 solute transport II4 Photosynthetic light reactions I6 Photosynthetic light reactions II8 Calvin cycle11 C4 and CAM13 Environmental effects15 Phloem transport I18 Exam 1
20 Phloem transport II22 Respiration I25 Respiration II27 Respiration III
MAR 1 Lipid synthesis4 Spring Recess6 Spring Recess8 Spring Recess11 Biofuels13 Nutrient assimilation I15 Nutrient assimilation II18 Cell wall synthesis and growth I20 Cell wall synthesis and growth II22 Growth and development I25 Growth and development II27 Light regulation of growth I29 Easter
APR 1 Easter
APR 3 Light regulation of growth II5 Growth regulators I8 Growth regulators II10 Growth regulators III12 Growth regulators IV15 Exam 217 Elective19 Elective22 Elective24 Elective26 Elective29 Elective
May 1 Elective Last Class!
??? Final examination
Possible elective topics
1) Plant defense compounds2) Control of flowering3) Blue-light responses4) Plant stress responses5) Plant pathogens6) Plant movements (heliotropism, venus fly traps, etc)7) Plant neurobiology8) Plants and global warming9) Organelle genetics10) Plant biotechnology11) Phytoremediation12) Lamarckian evolution13) Self-incompatibility
Lab ScheduleDate TOPICJan 18 General introduction, plant structure
25 Water potential and transpirationFeb 1 Mineral nutrition
8 Light reactions of photosynthesis15 CO2 assimilation, C3 vs C4 and CAM22 Environmental effects on CO2 assimilation
Mar 1 Respiration 8 Spring Recess15 Induction of nitrate reductase22 Growth and development I29 Easter
Apr 5 Independent project12 Independent project19 Independent project
26 Independent project
Plan CWe will pick a problem in plant physiology and see where it takes us.
Plan CWe will pick a problem in plant physiology and see where it takes us.1.Biofuels
Plan CWe will pick a problem in plant physiology and see where it takes us.1.Biofuels
What would make a good biofuel? How and where to grow it?Can we get plants/algae to make diesel, H2 (g) or electricity?
Plan CWe will pick a problem in plant physiology and see where it takes us.1.Biofuels 2. Frack-water (or bioremediation in general)
Plan CWe will pick a problem in plant physiology and see where it takes us.1.Biofuels2. Frack-water (or bioremediation in general)
Can we use plants to clean up contaminated soil or water? What’s involved?What would be a good plant?
Plan CWe will pick a problem in plant physiology and see where it takes us.1.Biofuels 2. Frack-water (or bioremediation in general)3. Climate change
Plan CWe will pick a problem in plant physiology and see where it takes us.1.Biofuels 2. Frack-water (or bioremediation in general)3. Climate change
How will plants be affected? Can we use plants to help alleviate it?
Plan CWe will pick a problem in plant physiology and see where it takes us.1.Biofuels 2. Frack-water (or bioremediation in general)3. Climate change 4. Resveratrol synthesis in Japanese knotweed
Plan CWe will pick a problem in plant physiology and see where it takes us.1.Biofuels 2. Frack-water (or bioremediation in general)3. Climate change 4. Resveratrol synthesis in Japanese knotweed• Where do they make it?• What factors influence it?
Plan CWe will pick a problem in plant physiology and see where it takes us.1.Biofuels 2. Frack-water (or bioremediation in general)3. Climate change 4. Resveratrol synthesis in Japanese knotweed5. Other plant products?
Plan CWe will pick a problem in plant physiology and see where it takes us.1.Biofuels 2. Frack-water (or bioremediation in general)3. Climate change 4. Resveratrol synthesis in Japanese knotweed5. Other plant products?6. Organic farming, alternatives to herbicides & pesticidesCaffeine bioremediationSomething else?
Plan CWe will pick a problem in plant physiology and see where it takes us.1.Biofuels 2. Frack-water (or bioremediation in general)3. Climate change 4. Resveratrol synthesis in Japanese knotweed5. Other plant products?6. Something else?
1.Pick a problem
Plan C
1.Pick a problem2.Pick some plants to study
Plan C
1.Pick a problem2.Pick some plants to study3.Design some experiments
Plan C
1.Pick a problem2.Pick some plants to study3.Design some experiments4.See where they lead us
Plan C
1.Pick a problem2.Pick some plants to study3.Design some experiments4.See where they lead us
Grading?Combination of papers and presentations
Plan CGrading?
Combination of papers and presentations•First presentation:10 points •Research presentation: 10 points •Final presentation: 15 points •Assignments: 5 points each•Poster: 10 points•Intermediate report 10 points•Final report: 30 points
BIO 369 - Resource and Policy Information
Instructor: Dr. William TerzaghiOffice: SLC 363Office hours: MWF 10:00-12:00, or by appointmentPhone: (570) 408-4762Email: [email protected]
BIO 369 - Resource and Policy Information
Instructor: Dr. William TerzaghiOffice: SLC 363Office hours: MWF 10:00-12:00, or by appointmentPhone: (570) 408-4762Email: [email protected]
Course webpage: http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/william.terzaghi/bio369.html
BIO 369 - Resource and Policy Information
Instructor: Dr. William TerzaghiOffice: SLC 363Office hours: MWF 10:00-12:00, or by appointmentPhone: (570) 408-4762Email: [email protected]
Course webpage: http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/william.terzaghi/bio369.html
Text: Taiz & Zeiger (2011). Plant Physiology, 5th Ed. Sinauer Assoc, Sunderland, MA. ISBN 978-0-87893-856-
Plant Structure3 Parts
1. Leaf2. Stem3. Root
Plant Structure3 Parts
1. LeafA. Cuticle = lipid barrier
Plant Structure3 Parts
1. LeafA. Cuticle = lipid barrierB. Epidermis = barrier cells
Leaf StructureA. Cuticle = lipid barrierB. Epidermis = barrier cellsC. Stomate = gate controlled by guard cells
Leaf StructureA. Cuticle = lipid barrierB. Epidermis = barrier cellsC. Stomate = gate controlled by guard cellsD. Mesophyll = photosynthetic cells
Leaf StructureA. Cuticle = lipid barrierB. Epidermis = barrier cellsC. Stomate = gate controlled by guard cellsD. Mesophyll = photosynthetic cellsE. Bundle Sheath = control import/export
Leaf StructureE. Bundle Sheath = control import/exportF. Vascular tissue = plumbing• Xylem = water & inorganics
• Dead!
Leaf StructureE. Bundle Sheath = control import/exportF. Vascular tissue = plumbing
• Xylem = water & inorganics• Dead!
• Phloem = sugars
Leaf StructureE. Bundle Sheath = control import/exportF. Vascular tissue = plumbing
• Xylem = water & inorganics• Dead!
• Phloem = sugars• Live!
Plant StructureKranz anatomy = less mesophyll, more bundle sheath
Plant Structure3 Parts
1. Leaf2. Stem
Plant Structure3 Parts
1. Leaf2. Stem• Apical meristems create new shoot cells
Plant StructureStem• Apical meristems create new shoot cells• Vascular cambium creates new xylem & phloem