wildlife biology monday 13 nov 2017...• apical dominance = influence of apical bud on plant...
TRANSCRIPT
WILDLIFE
BIOLOGY
Monday
13 Nov 2017
Entry TaskHow many types of root systems are there?
• Two.
During which zone of root growth is girth (diameter or width)
added?
• Secondary Tissue Growth
Agenda Housekeeping
Pocket Seed Experiment Day 7
Angiosperms
HousekeepingMW1-1 Summative Assessment next Tuesday, 21 Nov.
• Plant Populations
Early Release Schedule next Wednesday, 22 Nov.
Thanksgiving Holiday next Thursday & Friday, 23-24 Nov.
• “No School”
Formative AssessmentComplete the assessment on your own.
• No notes
• This will not affect your grade, it is a measure of what you
currently know about roots.
• This will inform you & I about what areas we need to focus on
for next weeks summative assessment.
AngiospermsSeed Growth Experiment.
• Today you will record Day 7 data on
the second data card in your ISN.
• Make sure the paper towel still has
some moisture.
• Other observations will be collected on
Day 9 & 11
AngiospermsExample:
AngiospermsRoots.
• Many root systems become modified for special functions.
• The most common special function is the formation of
tuberous (fleshy) roots for food storage.
- E.g. carrots, beets, radishes, & potatoes.
AngiospermsParts of a plant
• Seeds
• Roots
• Stems
• Leaves
• Fruits
• Flowers
AngiospermsStems.
• Vary in length (few millimeters to hundreds of meters) &
diameter.
• Usually grow above ground; however, some plant stems also
grow underground.
• Whether above or below ground, stems are characterized by
nodes & internodes.
- node = area where leaves & flowers attach to the stem.
- internode = the region between each node.
ReferencesASU School of Life Science, Ask A Biologist, found @
https://askabiologist.asu.edu/home
Encyclopedia Britannica, Angiosperm, found @
https://www.britannica.com/plant/angiosperm
Lumen, Boundless Biology, found @
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/stems/
Montessori for Everyone, All About Plants, found @
http://www.montessoriforeveryone.com/assets/PDF/All_About_Plants_Printab
le_Book.pdf
WILDLIFE
BIOLOGY
Tuesday
14 Nov 2017
Entry TaskLabel the parts of the stem.
Agenda Housekeeping
Angiosperms
HousekeepingMW1-1 Summative Assessment next Tuesday, 21 Nov.
• Plant Populations
Early Release Schedule next Wednesday, 22 Nov.
Thanksgiving Holiday next Thursday & Friday, 23-24 Nov.
• “No School”
Formative AssessmentReturn & review the formative assessment.
• Questions will be answered after all assessments have been
returned.
AngiospermsStems.
• Different plant forms result from simple
changes in the length of internodes.
- Extreme shortening results in rosette
plants.
- Extreme lengthening results in twining
vines.
Stems.
• Different plant forms result from simple changes in the length
of internodes.
AngiospermsStem Functions.
• Stems have five main functions:
- Supporting leaves, flowers, & fruits.
- Conducting the movement of water & nutrients.
- Storing food.
- Holding up leaves to catch sunlight.
- Producing new living tissue.
AngiospermsStem Anatomy.
• Stems are composed of three tissue types:
- Epidermal tissue
- Vascular tissue
- Ground tissue
AngiospermsStem Epidermal Tissue.
• Epidermal tissue is described as either herbaceous or
woody.
- Flowering plants are herbaceous, containing a soft
epidermis covering the stem & protecting underlying tissue.
- Trees & bushes are woody, having an extra layer of
protective cork cells known as bark.
• Some stems are edible.
- E.g. asparagus & rhubarb
AngiospermsStem Vascular Tissue.
• Consists of complex xylem & phloem tissues arranged in
vascular bundles.
- Xylem carries water & dissolved nutrients up & down the
stem.
- Phloem carries organic materials (sugars & amino acids).
AngiospermsStem Vascular Tissue.
• Monocot vascular bundles are random
throughout the ground tissue.
• Dicot vascular bundles are arranged in a
circular pattern or rings.
Bark
Phloem
Xylem
Cambium
Stem Ground Tissue.
• Helps support the stem.
• When located near the
tissue is called pith.
• When located between
the vascular tissue &
epidermis, ground
tissues is called cortex.
AngiospermsStem Ground Tissue.
• Helps support the stem.
• When located near the center of the vascular tissue, ground
tissue is called pith.
Bark
Phloem
Xylem
Cambium
Pith
Cortex
AngiospermsStem Growth.
• Stems undergo two types of growth:
- Primary growth = stem length
- Secondary growth = stem thickness (girth)
AngiospermsStem Primary Growth.
• The result of rapidly dividing cells at the
meristem)
• Enables continuous search for
• Apical dominance = influence of apical
bud on plant growth.
- Reduces growth of buds along the
sides of stems.
Stem Primary Growth.
• The result of rapidly dividing cells at the shoot tip (apical
meristem).
• Enables continuous search for sunlight.
AngiospermsStem Secondary Growth.
• Monocots do NOT undergo secondary growth.
• The result of rapidly dividing cells at the lateral meristems
(cambiums).
- Cambiums produce bark that protects the plant & reduces
water loss.
- Cambiums responsible for annual growth rings.
AngiospermsStem Secondary Growth.
• Annual Growth Rings
- Spring growing season = less dense = Early (Spring) wood
- Fall growing season = more dense = Late (Autumn) wood
- Number of rings reveals the trees age.
- Thickness of the rings reveals prevailing climatic conditions.
ReferencesEncyclopedia Britannica, Angiosperm, found @
https://www.britannica.com/plant/angiosperm
Lumen, Boundless Biology, found @
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/stems/
Montessori for Everyone, All About Plants, found @
http://www.montessoriforeveryone.com/assets/PDF/All_About_Plants_Printab
le_Book.pdf
WILDLIFE
BIOLOGY
Wednesday
15 Nov 2017
Entry TaskStems are composed of what three tissue types?
• Epidermal tissue
• Vascular tissue
• Ground tissue
What is the center ground tissue called?
• Pith
Agenda Housekeeping
Pocket Seed Experiment Day 9
Angiosperms
HousekeepingMW1-1 Summative Assessment next Tuesday, 21 Nov.
• Plant Populations
Early Release Schedule next Wednesday, 22 Nov.
Thanksgiving Holiday next Thursday & Friday, 23-24 Nov.
• “No School”
AngiospermsSeed Growth Experiment.
• Today you will record Day 9 data on
the second data card in your ISN.
• Make sure the paper towel still has
some moisture.
• Other observations will be collected on
Day 11
AngiospermsExample:
AngiospermsStem Secondary Growth.
• Annual Growth Rings
- Spring growing season = less dense = Early (Spring) wood
- Fall growing season = more dense = Late (Autumn) wood
- Number of rings reveals the trees age.
- Thickness of the rings reveals prevailing climatic conditions.
AngiospermsGrowth Ring Activity.
• Each person should have a workbook.
• Read & follow the instructions provided in the workbook.
ReferencesASU School of Life Science, Ask A Biologist, found @
https://askabiologist.asu.edu/home
Oregon State, Dendrochronology, found @
http://ceetep.oregonstate.edu/sites/ceetep.oregonstate.edu/files/resources/23
-dendrochronology.pdf
WILDLIFE
BIOLOGY
Thursday
16 Nov 2017
Entry TaskComplete the table from yesterday’s Dendrochronology activity.
Agenda Housekeeping
Angiosperms
HousekeepingMW1-1 Summative Assessment next Tuesday, 21 Nov.
• Plant Populations
Early Release Schedule next Wednesday, 22 Nov.
Thanksgiving Holiday next Thursday & Friday, 23-24 Nov.
• “No School”
AngiospermsGrowth Ring Activity.
• Each person should have a workbook.
• Read & follow the instructions provided in the workbook.
AngiospermsParts of a plant
• Seeds
• Roots
• Stems
• Leaves
• Fruits
• Flowers
AngiospermsLeaves.
• Leaves are the primary location where photosynthesis take
place.
- CO2 + H2O O2 + C6H12O6
- Cells within the leaves contain photosynthetic organelles
called chloroplasts.
- Within chloroplasts is chlorophyll (pigments) that absorbs
sunlight to power photosynthesis.
Light Energy
AngiospermsLeaves.
• The basic angiosperm:
- Stipules (each side of
spines, glands or leaf
- Petiole (Stalk that
- Blade/Lamina
(photosynthetic surface)
- Midrib (primary sugar
transporting vein)
Leaves.
• The basic angiosperm leaf is composed of four structures:
- Stipules (each side of the leaf base resembling scales,
spines, glands or leaf-like)
- Petiole (Stalk that connects blade with stem)
AngiospermsLeaves.
• Leaf morphology
WILDLIFE
BIOLOGY
Friday
17 Nov 2017
Entry TaskWhat organelle in the plant cell conducts photosynthesis?
• Chloroplasts
Identify the morphology of the following leaf.
• Alternated
• Serrated
• Pinnately Compound
• Lanceolate
• Pinnate
Agenda Housekeeping
Pocket Seed Experiment Day 11
Angiosperms
HousekeepingMW1-1 Summative Assessment next Tuesday, 21 Nov.
• Plant Populations
Early Release Schedule next Wednesday, 22 Nov.
Thanksgiving Holiday next Thursday & Friday, 23-24 Nov.
• “No School”
AngiospermsSeed Growth Experiment.
• Today you will record Day 11 data on
the second data card in your ISN.
• Make sure the paper towel still has
some moisture.
• On a sheet of paper record your
measurements & turn in (Group letter).
AngiospermsExample:
Flowers.
• Flowers are the reproductive
male & female organs.
• Flower are considered:
- Bisexual (or “perfect”) when
both the stamen & the carpel
are present.
- Unisexual (or “imperfect”)
when lacking either the
stamen or the carpel.
AngiospermsFlowers.
• Flowers are the reproductive parts of plants, containing both
male & female organs.
• Flowers are considered:
AngiospermsFlowers.
Composed of four main structures:
• Sepals
• Petals
• Stamen
• Carpel
In monocots they are generally grouped in multiples of three.
In dicots they are grouped in multiples of four & five.
AngiospermsFlower Structures.
Sepals
• Outermost layer (protective
covering), which encloses
the flower bud.
• Usually green, but may be
the same color as the petals
or be absent.
• As a group they are called
the calyx.
AngiospermsFlower Structures.
Petals
• Are generally brightly
colored to attract pollinators.
• Can be fragrant, also to
attract pollinators.
• As a group they are called
the corolla.
AngiospermsFlower Structures.
Stamen
• Male organ that produces
pollen spores.
• Consists of a filament
(slender stalk) & anther
(pollen sacs).
AngiospermsFlower Structures.
Carpel
• Female organ that encloses
one or more ovules, each
with an egg.
• Consists of the stigma,
style, & ovary.
• Following fertilization, the
ovule matures into a seed &
the carpel becomes a fruit.