Faculty: QNMGroup: 285.5Subject: English Teacher: S.TaranaStudent: M.Turan Project: Individual workTheme: “Why do we produce oil?”

AZERBAIJAN STATE OIL AND INDUSTRY UNIVERSITY

What is the oil ? Oil is the most heavily used energy

source in the world

Why the oil is BLACK GOLD? It's hard to imagine a world in which oil doesn't

play such a central role in global economics, with just about every industry critically dependent upon it and countries willing to wage war over this black gold

Why is the oil important ? Crude oil is the most important natural resource

of the industrialized nations. It can generate heat, drive machinery and fuel vehicles and airplanes. Its components are used to manufacture almost all chemical products, such as plastics, detergents, paints, and even medicines.

OIL

GAS(Butane,propane)

Petrochemistry (Plastic)

Petrol

Kerosene

Diesel Bitumen

True story

Why do we produce oil ?

We used for

Mobility AgricultureChemicals Making stuff

OIL

Agriculture The  definition of agriculture includes

energy used in farms, forestry and fishing.

Chemicals Petrochemicals, also called petroleum distillates,

are chemicals product derived from petroleum. The two most common petrochemical classes

are olefins (including ethylene and propylene) and aromatics (including benzene, toluene and xylene isamers).

Primary petrochemicals are divided into three groups depending on their chemical structure:

Olefins includes ethylene, propylene, and butadiene. Ethylene and propylene are important sources of industrial chemical and plastics products. Butadiene is used in making synthetic rubber.

Aromatics includes benzene, toluene, and xylenes. Benzene is a raw material for dyes and synthetic detergents.Manufacturers  use xylenes to produce plastics and synthetic fibers.

Synthesis gas  is a mixture of  carbon monoxide and hydrogen used to make ammonia and methanol. Ammonia is used to make the fertilizer urea and methanol is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.

Petroleum is the main source of energy for transportation

Petroleum fuels are made from crude oil and liquids from natural gas processing. The petroleum fuels used for transportation include gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, residual fuel oil, and liquid petroleum gases.

Synthetic fibres One of the main raw materials used in

the production of synthetic fibres is crude oil.One of the most common synthetic fibres is polyester.

Colorful things

Oil and Everyday Life

Some medicines, such as penicillin, are made by organisms, but most are manufactured from chemicals, and many of these are made from petroleum products. Acetylsalicylic acid, or ASA, is the active ingredient in many of the well-known, over-the-counter pain relievers. ASA is manufactured from petrochemicals. One of the first uses of oil, dating back thousands of years, was as medicine. Other early uses included illumination and as a boat resin to help keep ships sea-worthy.

Detergents are substances that act as cleansing agents when mixed with water. There are two main types of detergents: soapy and soapless. Most soapless detergents are made from oil products. The soapless detergents include powders and liquids used to wash clothes and dishes in a dishwasher. Some are made using petrochemicals, while others are made using alcohols and ethylene oxide that are petrochemical products.

Compact discs and casette tapes ae made using petroleum products. All plastic products (many of the materials used to make the clothes you wear, or the carpet you walk on, plus hundreds of the other products we take for granted) are made from petrochemicals. As the name implies, a main ingredient in petrocehmicals is oil.

The color of most pen ink is the result of dyes. These dyes are made from petrochemicals.

All plastic products, many of the materials used to make the clothes you wear, or the carpet you walk on, plus hundreds of the other products we take for granted, are made from petrochemicals. As the name implies, a main ingredient in petrochemicals is oil.

A candle is made from wax. Wax is a raw petroleum product. It is used to make candles, milk cartons and polishes..

Ethylene is one of the byproducts of distilling oil. (Distilling simply means heating. Since oil is made of various substances, these substances will boil off at different temperatures as oil is heated). It can be made softer and used for film and garbage bags, or harder to make milk crates.

Food additives are yet another petrochemical. Many of these additives increase the shelf-life of canned food. Tihs keeps the food fresh longer, and allows more people throughout the world to eat healthy.

The plastic of the bandage is made from oil. Also, the non-stick pad that covers the wound is man-made cloth which is manufactured from petrochemicals. The medical industry relies heavily on oil-based products to improve much of their equipment and medicine.

Through refining, petroleum can be turned into many types of petrochemicals. One of these is synthetic (man-made) fibers, which can be woven into curtains and carpets. Man-made fibers are often wrinkle-free, so they look better. Many also do not absorb water, so mold and mildew are much less of a nuisance.

Fertilizers increase crop yields, as well as make the plants in your windowsill look nice. Some of the chemicals in this fertilizer came from petroleum products.

Pesticides are among the many chemicals that my be used to protect crops. Much like fertilizers, oil is an important ingredient in many pesticides. Some people think that our food production would only be half of what it is today if pesticides were not used. Without the use of pesticides, food would cost much more than at present, and many people would have to pay more to eat nutritious meals.

Synthetic shoes are made from a petroleum product. Many rubber soles are also made from petroleum. Natural rubber becomes sticky when hot and stiff when cold, but man-made rubber stays much more flexible. Car tires are made from synthetic rubber, which makes them much safer to drive on. Today, the demand for synthetic rubber is four-times greater than for natural rubber.

The main use of petroleum wouldn’t surprise you at all. About 50 percent of the oil we use goes into making gasoline. In fact, about 70 percent is used for transportation in general. But oil and its products also go into making a whole host of other products that you might not expect.

Chewing gumThat’s right. Sorry if you just spit your chewing gum out in surprise, but yes, it contains petroleum. 

Sports equipmentSports today wouldn’t be the same without petroleum. Modern golf balls, golf bags, footballs, football cleats, artificial turf, basketballs, tennis rackets, skis, soccer balls – all made, in part, with petroleum in one form or another.

Lipsticks Pucker up – lots of lipsticks are made with

petroleum. Paraffin wax is often used to give tube lipsticks their shape and help provide smooth application.

DenturesModern dentures use carbon-based dyes for their pigmentation. The dyes are often manufactured using coal, petroleum and vegetable resources. 

Toothpaste  Toothpaste manufacturers often triple-

down on their use of petroleum. Poloxamer 407, derived from petroleum, is a substance that allows oil-based ingredients to be dissolved in a water-based solution. 

Guitar strings  Most modern guitar strings are made of

nylon, which is made from petroleum. 

E lvin

Perfume and cologne Synthetic chemicals  like petroleum are

often used by perfume and cologne manufacturers to “bring out lasting scents and cut down on expenses.” The petroleum locks moisture, along with the scent, onto the skin.

Deodorants and antiperspirants Apparently the two major things many of us do to smell

good both involve spraying or rubbing fossil fuel onto parts of our body. Like perfume and cologne, deodorants and antiperspirants  commonly use propylene glycol. The petroleum-based material is a cheap way to soften products and make application easier.

Contact lenses The synthetic polymers that make soft

contacts malleable and comfortable to wear are made with petroleum. These polymers also allow oxygen to permeate the lens, a critical function for the wear-ability of contact lenses.

Fishing lures Fishing as many people know it would be

very different without petroleum. Petroleum plays a part in almost every aspect of fishing – the lures, the poles, life vests, fishing boats, and ice chests to keep your fish cold.

Gas for carsDiesel for cars, trucks, buses, boats

Aviation fuel for planes Credit cards Plastic bags

Hair brushes Anti-freeze Motorcycle Helmets Carpets Telephones

Brake fluid Boats Glue Golf balls ShampooHousehold paint Detergent Bowls Fertilizer Explosives

Car tires Artificial turf shoes Lipstick Weed killer

Parachutes Umbrellas Food wrappers Shower curtains

Waterproof coats

Artifical limbs Roads Bubble wrap Drinks bottles Toothbrushes

Life jackets Fishing line Tennis rackets Roller blades Eye glasses

Lunch boxes Flower pots Toys Car seats Insulation

Nail polish Hair spray Medicines Insect repellant Tephlone

Thanks for attention…