who and the global fund harmonized tool for pharmaceutical country profiles
DESCRIPTION
WHO and the Global Fund harmonized tool for Pharmaceutical Country Profiles. Dr Gilles Forte, WHO HQ Presented by Richard Laing & Intern team TBS 2011. ISSUES. Vast amount of information exists on the pharmaceutical sector of developing countries. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
WHO and the Global Fund harmonized tool for
Pharmaceutical Country Profiles
Dr Gilles Forte, WHO HQ
Presented by Richard Laing
& Intern team
TBS 2011
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 20232 |
ISSUESISSUES
Vast amount of information exists on the pharmaceutical sector of developing countries.
BUT this information is often not available to the public or even to the countries involved.
DUPLICATION of EFFORTS is common with multiple data collection initiatives in the same country.
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 20233 |
BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND
In 1999, 2003 and 2007 WHO undertook global surveys which were reported in following years
In 2009, developed country profiles for SADC
In 2010 developed pilot methodology with prefilling of data, manual and Glossary 12 countries completed
In 2011 began collecting country profiles from 192 countries
These country profiles will be incorporated into regional, global and technical profiles
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 20234 |
OBJECTIVEOBJECTIVE
WHO and the Global Fund decided to coordinate efforts and gather information in a harmonized and comprehensive way in order to profile countries’ systems and capacity related to the pharmaceutical sectors and make it publicly available and easy accessible.
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 20235 |
Global Fund GoalsGlobal Fund Goals
Move away from the existing project-based approach to a program-based approach,
Reduce the number of iterations associated with the Standard PSM Plan approval process,
Avoid the duplication of information provided to the Global Fund Minimize the Grant signing requirements of Principal Recipients
with respect to PHPM activities, and Work with Principal Recipients in prioritizing strengthening measures
thereby standardizing the Conditions included in Grant Agreements.
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 20236 |
WHO goals WHO goals
GOAL: Collect and disseminate reliable information on the pharmaceutical sector of 192 WHO member states.
DELIVERABLES:– Good quality information from 192 member states.– Pharmaceutical country profiles for 192 member states.– Regional and Global reports on the pharmaceutical situation.
CROSS CUTTING ISSUES:
- Ensure quality of information collected.
- Reduce burden of data collection on countries.
- Promote dissemination and visibility of information collected.
- Analyse situation and trend.
- Ensure ownership of data collected.
- Collaboration with the Global Fund
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 20237 |
Ensure quality of information collectedEnsure quality of information collectedEnsure quality of information collectedEnsure quality of information collected
A manual with instructions to fill in the questionnaire has been developed to guide data collection;
A glossary with definitions of key items has been produced by Harvard Collaborating Centre to make sure questions are interpreted consistently across countries and regions;
Names and contacts of respondents are collected;
Year and source of each piece of information is recorded and key documents are attached. Fields for comments are provided to allow respondents to provide more nuanced information;
Data is endorsed by an senior Official at the Ministry of Health.
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 20238 |
Promote dissemination and visibility of information collected
Promote dissemination and visibility of information collected
A Senior Official from the Ministry of Health will be asked to provide formal authorization to disseminate the data.
This will allow to make the data public shortly after collection. This will be done in a number of ways:
– Development of Individual Pharmaceutical Sector Country Profiles.– Display of information collected into key databases (e.g. WHO
Global Health Observatory).– Development of global and regional reports on the pharmaceutical
situation.
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 20239 |
CONTENT of the QUESTIONNAIRE (1)CONTENT of the QUESTIONNAIRE (1)CONTENT of the QUESTIONNAIRE (1)CONTENT of the QUESTIONNAIRE (1)
The questionnaire is divided into 9 chapters:– Health and Demographic data.– Health Services.– Policy Issues.– Medicines Trade and Production.– Medicines Regulation.– Medicines Financing.– Pharmaceutical Procurement and Distribution.– Selection and Rational Use.– Household data/access.
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 202310 |
CONTENT of the QUESTIONNAIRE (2)CONTENT of the QUESTIONNAIRE (2)CONTENT of the QUESTIONNAIRE (2)CONTENT of the QUESTIONNAIRE (2)
For each area of the pharmaceutical sector, the questionnaire will collect indicators on structures, processes and outcomes. These are put together to give a complete overview of the situation. For example, the questionnaire will collected data on whether there are Standard Treatment Guidelines, on whether these Guidelines are available at facility level and on whether treatment of key diseases at facility level follows national guidelines.
Data for outcome indicators come from surveys already collected at national level, usually with the support of WHO. These surveys include:
– Level II Facility and Household Surveys.
– Surveys of Medicines Prices and Availability.
– Rational Use studies conducted at country level.
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 202311 |
RESULTSRESULTS
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 202312 |
Public and private expenditure on Medicines
Public and private expenditure on Medicines
Composition of Pharmaceutical Expenditure
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Low (n=4) Lower-middle(n=8)
Upper-middle(n=7)
High (n=4)
Income Level
Ph
arm
ac
eu
tic
al e
xp
en
dit
ure
(%
)
Public Pharmaceutical Expenditure Private Pharmaceutical Expenditure
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 202313 |
Government expenditure as % of govt budget in Africa
Government expenditure as % of govt budget in Africa
2.80%4.00%4.17%
4.75%5.13%5.20%5.27%
5.93%6.21%
6.50%6.95%7.10%
7.59%7.82%7.88%
8.27%8.86%8.89%8.95%9.07%9.25%
9.84%10.08%10.19%10.35%
10.54%10.65%
10.96%11.06%
11.54%11.60%11.65%
11.92%12.09%
12.55%13.21%
13.77%14.10%
14.73%14.76%
15.01%15.17%15.21%
16.22%16.83%
18.90%
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% 20%
GuineaComoros
EritreaCôte d'Ivoire
CongoCameroonMauritania
Democratic Republic of the CongoAngolaNigeria
Equatorial GuineaKenyaGhana
Sierra LeoneLesotho
MauritiusSeychellesZimbabwe
TogoEthiopia
SwazilandCape Verde
AVERAGESouth Africa
UgandaBenin
AlgeriaCentral African Republic
NamibiaMali
GambiaBotswana
MalawiSenegal
MozambiqueSao Tome and Principe
ChadGabon
MadagascarNiger
BurundiZambia
Burkina FasoUnited Republic of Tanzania
LiberiaRwanda
Co
un
try
GGHE as a % of total government expenditure
Abuja Declaration, 15%
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 202314 |
Free medicines in Africa, 2003-2011Free medicines in Africa, 2003-2011
Types of free medicines
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
All medicines Sexuallytransmittedinfectionsmedicines
Malariamedicines
HIV/AIDSrelated
medicines
Tuberculosismedicines
2003
2007
2011*
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 202315 |
TRIPS FlexibilitiesTRIPS Flexibilities
Implementation of Bolar Exception in National Legislation by Income Level
36.4% 37.5%
76.0%
51.4%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Low (n=22) Lower-middle (n=32) Upper-middle (n=35) High (n=25)
Income Level
Imp
lem
enta
tio
n (
%)
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 202316 |
Price LegislationPrice Legislation
Legal Provisions on the Pricing of Medicines by Income Level
12/29
24/42 25/41
32/38
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Low Lower-middle Upper-middle High
Income Level
Pre
sen
ce o
f le
gal
pro
vis
ion
s (
%)
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 202317 |
Monitoring of pricesMonitoring of prices
Medicines Price monitoring system
29.6%34.1%
46.3%
68.4%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Low Lower-middle Upper-middle High
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 202318 |
Duties on imported medicinesDuties on imported medicines
Duties on imported medicines
48.0%
53.7% 54.3%
18.2%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Low Lower-middle Upper-middle High
TITLE from VIEW and SLIDE MASTER | April 21, 202319 |
WAY FORWARDWAY FORWARD
In the course of 2011, WHO and GF have rolled out the project to 75 priority countries.
73 questionnaires have been returned and 18 profiles are available on the web.