16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 1http://www.planet-noe.org

European Networkof Excellence in

AI Planning

Where to Find Intelligent P&S Capabilities within Europe

Tim GrantAtos Origin Nederland / University of Pretoria, RSA

Tim.Grant@atosorigin.com / tgrant@cs.up.ac.za

16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 2

Overview

• Goal:– To give an overview of the intelligent planning &

scheduling capabilities within Europe

• Structure:– Introduction– Exploiting PLANET’s achievements– IP&S products & services– Stakeholders – European intelligent P&S capabilities

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Introducing myself

• Qualifications:– BSc Aeronautical Engineering, Univ. Bristol, UK– PhD Artificial Intelligence, Univ. Maastricht, NL

• Experience:– 1966-87: Royal Air Force officer

• UK & Singapore: aircraft maintenance & logistics

– 1987-date: Principal Consultant, Atos Origin• NL: Aerospace, defence, motorway traffic control

– 2001-date: Professor Extraordinary, Univ. Pretoria• RSA: Advanced ICT in Planning & Control

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Introducing Atos Origin

• Atos Origin:– Leading European IT services supplier:

• 30000 staff worldwide• 50% Dutch (Origin), 50% French (Atos)• Financially stable

– Technical Automation (TA) business unit:• Co-creating next-generation of intelligent, software-

intensive systems & products together with our clients• In Utrecht (NL):

– Aerospace, Defence, Road & Rail Traffic, Telecoms

• In Veldhoven (NL):– Consumer & industrial electronics, Semiconductors,

Medical equipment, Document processing

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Introducing University of Pretoria

• University of Pretoria (“Tukkies”):– Front-rank South African university– Computer Science:

• Java, .NET• Swarm intelligence• Planning & control

• My research interests:– Decentralised planning & control– Generation of Standard Operating Procedures– Mixed-initiative, collaborative planning– Dynamic risk management

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Exploiting PLANET

PLANET I

PLANET II

DynaTool

PLANSERVE

IPLANS

Etc. ...

I4GMES

FP6

P&Scurriculum& textbook

P&Scompetitions

P&Sproducts

& services

P&Stechnologies

& applications

Possible ways ofexploiting PLANET (PSARI)

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IP&S products & services (1)

• Products:– Knowledge acquisition:

• Knowledge acquisition editor• Automated model extraction• Model conversion• Model visualisation/animation• Domain model analysis• Model evaluation• Model validation & verification

– Plan-time:• Plan generation• Scheduling• Plan/schedule visualisation/animation• Plan/schedule evaluation• Plan/schedule validation & verification

– Run-time:• Plan/schedule execution

– Plan/schedule recognition

• Tools• Research• Research• COTS• Tools• Research• Tools

• Tools• COTS• COTS• Research• Research/Tool

• COTS

• Research

16 June 2003 PLANET Ulm I-day: PSARI 8

IP&S products & services (2)

• Services:– Relating to P&S software:

• Selection• Installation• Integration• Tailoring to domain requirements

– Relating to domain knowledge:• Acquisition• Modelling/representation

– Relating to execution:• Plan/schedule execution• Monitoring & control of plan-based operations• Fault detection isolation & recovery

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Stakeholders: innovation (1)

Process model for innovation (Kern, 2001):

System ofknowledge creation

System ofknowledge transfer

System ofknowledge application

System ofknowledge financing

System ofknowledge regulation

Knowledge application =Creating products and/or services

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Stakeholders: innovation (2)

System ofknowledge creation

System ofknowledge transfer

System ofknowledge financing

System ofknowledge regulation

Researcher

Regulator Developer Financier

Each process starts withits own preparation/planning

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Stakeholders: product creation

Requirements

need

Design

specification

Manufacture

design

Operations

new system

Decommission

old systemOps preppreviousexperience

SOPs,trained ops

SOPauthor

Instructor

Analyst

Designer

Manufacturer

Decommissioner

Maintainer

Each process starts withits own preparation/planning

Planning Controlplans

ControllerPlanner

current state

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Stakeholders: scenarios (1)

• Pure research:– One piece of research as input to next

• Product innovation:– R&D leading to product creation lifecycle

• Component innovation:– R&D leads to manufacture of component– Component feeds into product lifecycle

• Product improvement:– Operational shortcomings lead to new creation

• Market-led innovation:– Operational shortcomings lead to new R&D

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Stakeholders: scenarios (2)

Knowledge creation

Researcher

Pure academic scenario:

Product innovation scenario:

RequirementsResearch Development Design Manufacturing Operations

Component innovation scenario:

RequirementsResearch Development Design Manufacturing

Design Manufacturing OperationsRequirementsComponent System

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Stakeholders: scenarios (3)

Product improvement scenario: shortcomings

new needsRequirements Design Manufacturing Operations

Operations

Market-led innovation scenario:

RequirementsResearch Development Design Manufacturing

Operations

shortcomingsnew needs

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Stakeholders: P&S needs

Planner ControllerManufacturer

SOP author

Instructor

RegulatorAnalyst

Researcher

Developer

Manufacturer

provides as-builtdomain knowledge

instructs

provides SOPs providesP&S tools

provides plans

determinesgoals, resources &

standardsprovides

experience onshortcomings

provides state information

providesexperience

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European capabilities (1)

Research DevelopmentProductcreation

Application

Universities

Researchinstitutes

Suppliers

Users

acad

emic

know

ledge

demos

, pro

totyp

es

prod

ucts,

serv

ices

38 + 2

12 + 1

Products: 8 + 1Services: 4

1

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European capabilities (2)

• Teaching• R&D:

– Advanced planning & scheduling– Multi-agent technology– Robotics– Web

• Products:– Workforce management– Robotics– Planning support:

• Capturing domain knowledge for P&S• Generating plans/schedules• Animating & visualising plans/schedules

– Constraint programming• Services:

– (Spacecraft) mission planning– (Spacecraft) assembly, integration & testing

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European capabilities (3)Country:AustriaBelgiumCyprusCzechFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryItalyNetherlandsPortugalSloveniaSpainSwedenUnited Kingdom

Univ:001117506101627

Inst:000032212110000

Supplier:120032000100102

User:000001000000000

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European capabilities (4)

• Capabilities in Germany:– Universities:

• University of Ulm, Faculty of Computer Science:– Mechanical inference systems

– Multi-agent systems

– Task planning

– Knowledge representation for autonomous systems

– SW development & safety-critical systems

• Aachen University of Technology (RWTH Aachen), Knowledge-Based Systems group

– Knowledge representation

– Robotics

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European capabilities (5)

• Capabilities in Germany:– Universities (cont):

• Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn:– Descriptive programming

– Object-oriented databases

– Geographical information systems

– Internet information systems

– Knowledge-based systems

– Computer-supported cooperative working

– AI & autonomous mobile systems (robotics)

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European capabilities (6)

• Capabilities in Germany:– Universities (cont):

• TU Darmstadt, Intellectics group:– Deduction

– Knowledge representation

– Plan generation

– Machine learning

– Stochastic search

• University of Freiburg, Institute for Computer Science:– Algorithms & data structures

– Computer architecture

– Software engineering

– Foundations of AI

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European capabilities (7)

• Capabilities in Germany:– Universities (cont):

• Munich University of Technology, Intelligent Autonomous Systems group:

– Structured reactive controllers

– Plan-based control of robotic agents

– Plan-based control of software agents

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European capabilities (8)

• Capabilities in Germany:– Institutes:

• Bremen Institute of Industrial Technology & Applied Work Science (BIBA), University of Bremen:

– (PLT) Production structure, logistics & telematics

– (ATOP) Applied work science, industrial management, organisation & work development

– (PPC) Product development, process planning & computer-aided engineering

– (MAQ) Metrology, automation & quality science

– (IPS) Intelligent production & logistics systems

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European capabilities (9)

• Capabilities in Germany:– Institutes (cont):

• DFKI:– Deduction & multi-agent systems

– Knowledge management

– Intelligent user interfaces

– Intelligent visualisation & simulation systems

– Language technology

• Fraunhofer Institute, Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems:

– Knowledge computing

– Autonomous robots

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European capabilities (10)

• Capabilities in Germany:– Suppliers:

• Plasim: Planungs- und Simulationsbüro (Delmenhorst):– Simulation systems for planning:

» Logistics» Automobile industry» SMEs (Mittelstand / KMUs)» 3D animation

– Related services

• Siemens AG:– Automation & control– Information & communications

• Ximes GmbH (Vienna):– Shift planning & operating hours

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European capabilities (11)

• Capabilities in Germany:– Users:

• European Space Operations Centre (Darmstadt):– Spacecraft mission planning

– Spacecraft mission control:

» SCOS-II (30 users)