What is Organizational Behaviour???

Group 5Department of Entrepreneurship

What is an Organization?

Organizations are sets of people who work together to achieve shared goals.

What is behavior? What we,

ThinkFeel &Do

Ex:- What we can see

Ex:- Feelings, Believes, Attitudes

OVERT behavior10%

COVERT behavior 90%

What is Organizational Behaviour?

O+B=OB

What is Organizational Behaviour?

Definition:-Organizational behaviour is

understanding, predicting, and managing human behaviour in organization.

Importance of Organizational behaviour

Skill development

Employee motivation

Nature of employees

Understanding consumer behaviour

Efficiency and effectiveness

Better utilization of resources

Characteristic of OB• Behavioural approach to management

• A science as well as an art

• Rational thinking

• Branch of social sciences

• Beneficial to both organization and individual

Challenges & Opportunities of OB The creation of global village Workforce diversity Improving quality & productivity Improving people skills Improving ethical behavior Management control to empowerment Stability & flexibility

Challenges

Global competition Workforce diversity,

knowledge creation & sharing

Customer satisfaction, quality products & services

Opportunities

Need to understand different cultures: develop new behavior

Impact on organizational structure: how to design individual jobs, reengineering

Including employees in planning changes

Challenges & Opportunities of OB

Challenges

Employee empowerment

Balancing work life conflicts: stress

Continuous innovation & change

Time pressures: tough competition

Opportunities

Giving up & taking responsibility

Designing work places jobs

Stimulating creativity & retraining

Helping employee sort out ethical ambiguous situations

Challenges & Opportunities of OB

Scope of Organisational Behaviour

Scopes of Organisational Behaviour• Impact on personal behaviour• Motivation of employees of organisation• Leadership• Structure of groups and teams• Perception • Development of the skills• Organisational structure • Improvement/enhancement of individual and organisational behaviour• Individual behaviour, group behaviour, power and politics, attitude and

learning• Perception• Organization design• Job design• Culture and environment factors• Management of change, conflict and stress• Study of emotions• Transactional analysis

Main elements of Organisational behaviour

• People

• Environment

• Technology

• Structure

Models of Organisational Behaviour

• Autocratic model

• Custodial model

• Supportive model

• Collegial model

Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field

• Psychology

• Social psychology

• Sociology

• Anthropology

Psychology

• Learning• Motivation• Personality• Emotions• Perception• Training• Leadership effectiveness• Job satisfaction• Individual decision making• Performance appraisal• Attitude measurement• Employee selection• Work design• Work stress

Individual

Social psychology

• Behavioral change• Attitude change• Communication• Group processes• Group decision making• Communication• Power• Conflict• Intergroup behavior

Group

Sociology

• Communication• Power• Conflict• Intergroup behavior

• Formal organization theory• Organizational technology• Organizational change• Organizational culture

Group

Organizationsystem

Anthropology

• Comparative values• Comparative attitudes• Cross-cultural analysis

• Organizational culture• Organizational environment• Power

Group

Organizationsystem

Individual

Group

Organizationsystem

Study oforganizational

behavior

Origin of The Organizational Behaviour

• The Greek philosopher Plato wrote about the essence of

leadership.

• Aristotle addressed the topic of persuasive

communication.

• The writings of 16th century Italian philosopher Niccolo

Machiavelli laid the foundation for contemporary work on

organizational power and politics.

• In 1776, Adam Smith advocated a new form of

organizational structure based on the division of labour.

• One hundred years later, German sociologist Max Weber

wrote about rational organizations and initiated discussion.

• Frederick Winslow Taylor introduced the systematic use of goal setting and rewards to motivate employees.

• In the 1920s, Australian-born Harvard

professor Elton Mayo and his colleagues conducted productivity studies at Western Electric's Hawthorne plant in the United States.

• After the First World War, the focus of organizational studies shifted to analysis of how human factors and psychology affected organizations, a transformation propelled by the identification of the Hawthorne Effect. This Human Relations Movement focused on teams, motivation and the actualization of the goals of individuals within organizations.

• The Second World War further shifted the field, as the invention of large-scale logistics and operations research led to a renewed interest in rationalist approaches to the study of organizations. Interest grew in theory and methods native to the sciences, including systems theory, the study of organizations with a complexity theory perspective and complexity strategy.

• In the 1960s and 1970s, the field was strongly influenced by social psychology and the emphasis in academic study was on quantitative research. An explosion of theorizing, much of it at Stanford University and Carnegie Mellon, produced Bounded Rationality, Informal Organization, Contingency Theory, Resource Dependence, Institutional Theory and Organizational Ecology theories, among many others.

• Starting in the 1980s, cultural explanations of organizations and change became an important part of study. Qualitative methods of study became more acceptable, informed by anthropology, psychology and sociology.

Theoretical Framework and Organizational Behavior

Model•OB is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structures have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an organization’s effectiveness.

•OB is directly concerned with the understanding, predicting and control of human behavior in organization.

Cognitive Frame Work• Cognition is an act of knowing information• Cognition is based on inputs ( information )

and output ( behavior )• Cognition process consists of,

- thinking- perception- problem solving- information processing

Behavioral Frame Work• Behaviouristic approach is environmental

based and take input from environment.• The approach is based on Observation.

• Stimulus response phenomena i.e. a stimulus generates a response is the basics of the approach also called as a classical school.

Social Learning Approach• Social learning approach is a behavioral approach but a

combination of cognitive and behavioral framework.• Behavior can be best explained in terms of continuous

reciprocal interaction among cognitive,behavioural and environmental determinants.

• Personality is shaped by an interaction among cognitive factors behavioral factors, behaviors and environmental factors. This Interaction is termed reciprocal determinism.

Conclusion

• Organizations are managed in order to achieve goals and objectives.

• The focus on organizational behavior is organizational design, management, teams and interaction between people and their working environment.

• OB plays an important role. OB is a study that helps managers in understanding and analyzing the nature of organization's workgroups and the individual within a work group.